ccnn 2º eso fq 3º eso maría ginés. state changes classifying matter separating methods ...
TRANSCRIPT
LA MATERIACLASSIFYING MATTER
CCNN 2º ESOFQ 3º ESO
María Ginés
VOCABULARY
STATE CHANGES CLASSIFYING MATTER
SEPARATING METHODS
Vaporization Evaporation Boiling (also called
ebullition) Condensation Boiling point Freezing Melting Melting point Sublimation Deposition
Pure substance Mixture Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Compound Simple substance Sieving Magnetization Filtering Decanting Crystallization Distillation
MATERIAAquello que tiene masa y ocupa un
espacio
• No permiten identificarlas
• No se pueden medir
PROPIEDADES CUALITATIVAS
PROPIEDADES CUANTITATIVAS o MAGNITUDES FÍSICAS
DERIVADAS
FUNDAMENTALES
Dependen de tras: velocidad (m/s)Densidad (kg/m3)
No dependen de otras:• Longitud (m)• Masa (kg)• Tiempo (s)• Temperatura (K)
GENERALES ESPECÍFICAS
No identifican la sustancia:Temperatura/masa/volumen/Superficie (etc.)
Sí la identifican: densidad/ PF / PE/
MEDIR
Comparar con un patrón
DIRECTA INDIRECTA
Con un instrumento: longitud/tiempo/Velocidad/etc.
A partir de una fórmula: volumen/superficie
es
presenta
se puedenpueden
ser
de forma
es
STATES OF MATTERKINETIC THEORY
• Matter is made up of tiny particles
• Each particle is in constant motion
SOLIDLIQUIDGAS
are explained by
condensation
meltingvaporization
freezing
sublimation
deposition
Estados Físicos
Characteristics of states physics
STATE CHANGE GRAPH
VOCABULARY: STATE CHANGES
Vaporization: is the state change from liquid to gas.
Evaporation: is the state change from liquid to gas. It happens at room temperature and only on the surface of the liquid. The rate of evaporation increases when the temperature increases.
Boiling (also called ebullition): is the state change from liquid to gas at a constant temperature. All the liquid changes state and while it happens, the temperature doesn’t change.
Condensation: is the state change from gas to liquid.
Boiling point: is the temperature at which a liquid boils. It is different for each substance.
Boiling point = Condensing point
Freezing: Is the state change from liquid to solid.
Melting: Is the state change from solid to liquid.
Melting point: Is the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid. It is different for each substance.
Melting point = Freezing point
Sublimation: Is the transition from solid to gas.
Deposition: Is the state change from gas to solid.
VOCABULARY: STATE CHANGES
MATTER
MIXTURES
COMPOUNDS
PURES SUBSTANCES
SIMPLE SUBSTANCES
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES
• Are made up by two or more substances at not fixed proportions
• They can be separated by physical methods
A sample of matter that consists of only one component.
• They have uniform composition
and propertiesthroughout• We cannot
see their components with a naked eye
• They do not have uniform composition and properties throughout
• We can see their components
• They are made up by two or more elements combined in a fixed proportion
• The properties of a compound are completely different that their elements.
• We can break down by chemical means
• They are made up by atoms of the same element
• We cannot break down in any way
SEPARATING MIXTURES: SIEVING
ggravelsand
cayclay
SEPARATING MIXTURES: MAGNETIZATION
magnet
iron
salt
SEPARATING MIXTURES: FILTERING
sand
filter paperfunnel
water
SEPARATING MIXTURES: DECANTING
decanting funnel
rwater
oil
water
SEPARATING MIXTURES: CRYSTALLIZATION
concentration filtering cristallization
SEPARATING MIXTURES: DISTILLATION
colectortermometer
water
colector
distilled
Erlenmeyer flask
Cold water
distillation flask
Sieving: Consists of separating larger pieces of something from smaller pieces.
Magnetization: separating a substance, like iron, using a magnet.
Filtering: method of separation that is used for separating insoluble solids from liquids.
Decanting: consists of separating two immiscible liquids of different densities.
Crystallization: Process that consists of obtain a solid dissolved in a liquid by evaporation of liquid.
Distillation: is a method of separating substances based on differences in their boiling points. This method is used to separate a liquid from the solution. The other components can be solids or liquids.
VOCABULARY: SEPARATING METHODS
SUMMARY