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NEWTON's SECOND LAW OFMOTION-FORCC AN D I\CCELCRATION

1. An object when a net force acts on it.

3.1 GALILEO DEVELOPED THE CONCEPT OF ACCELERATIONThis section discusses the work that Galileo did with the concept of accelerotion.

Reading Strategy) Predicting Before you read, predict the meaning of the vocabulary terms. After you read, revise your

definitions if your predictions were not correct.

Vocabulary Term Before You Read After You ReadAcceleration

Deceleration

2. What kind of an instrument did Galileo use to measure acceleration?

3. Which of the following describe acceleration?a. A change in speedb. A change in directionc. A change in both speei and directiond.All of the above

4. Write an equation for this relationship.

5. Which of the following controls on an automobile affect(s) acceleration?a. Gas pedalb. Brakesc. Steering wheeld. All of the above

6. When a car changes direction, its speed does not change. Is it accelerating?

7. What if the car slows down but does not chanse direction? Is it acceleratine?

Copyright @ 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 3 Neurfon's Second Law of Motion-Force and Acceleration

Name Date Class

CHAPTER 3, Newton's Second Law of Motion-Force and Acceleration (continued)

8. In equations, what does the Greek letter delta (A) symbolize?

9. In the accelerating car example, in the fnst second, the car increases its velocity from 30 to 35 krn/h,in the next second from 35 to 40 km/h, and so on. Use equations to describe this behavior.

10. What is the acceleration due to gravity for freely failing bodies?

3.2 FORGE CAUSES ACCELERATIONThis section discusses what happens to an object when it is pushed or pulled.

Reading Strategy;> Monitoring your Understanding Preview the key concepts about force and acceleration. Then list

two things you expect to learn in this section. After reading, state what you learned-

11. Acceleration is caused by applying

12. What does it mean to say that acceleration is proportional to net force?

13. True or False: The - symbol stands for "directly proportional to."

14. If acceleration is in a certain direction, what is the direction of the net force?

15. What other factor affects an object's acceleration?

3.3 MASS IS A MEASURE OF INERTIAThis section says that the greater an object's mass, the greater its inertia.

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What I LearnedWhat I Expect to Learn

CPSE Guided Reading Copyright O 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Class

16. Why does an empty tin can accelerate more than a tin can fulI of rocks with the same (kicking) force?

17. What is the difference between mass and volume?

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18. How can you get a sense of an object's mass, rather than its weight?

19. Compare mass and weight.

20. What is the relationship between mass and weight?

21. True or False: An object that has a given mass weighs more on Earth than it weighs on the Moon.

3.4 MASS RESISTS ACCELERATIONThis section discusses thefact that more massive objects are more dfficult to accelerate.

Reading Strategy) Identifying Main Ideas As you read, write the main idea for the topic.

Topic Main IdeaMass resists acceleration

Gopyright o 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 3 Newton's Second Law of Motion-Force and Acceleratic:t

Name Date Class

CHAPTER 3, Newton's Second Law of Motion-Force and Acceleration (continued)

22. Write an equation showing the relationship between mass and acceleration.

23. What does inversely proportional mean in words?

3.5 NEWTON'S SECOND LAW LINKS FORCE, ACCELERATION, AND MASSThis section says that Newton was thefirst to realize the connection betweenforce and mass in producingacceleration.

Reading Strategy) Monitoring Your Understanding Preview the key topic in this section. List two things you expect

to learn. After reading, state what you learned about each item you listed.

24. Write the shorthand notation for Newton's second law.

25. Write Newton's second law as an equation: if the units of force are newtons, the units of mass arekilograms, and the units for acceleration are m/s'.

26. True or False: The acceleration of an object equals the net force on the object divided by its mass.

3.6 FRICTION IS A FORCE THAT AFFECTS MOTIONThis section discusses the force that occurs when one object tends to rub or does rub against somethingelse.

Reading Strategy) Predicting Before you read, predict the meaning of the vocabulary term. After you read, revise your

definition if your prediction was incorrect.

What I LearnedWhat I Expect to Learn

Before You Read

CPSE Guided Reading Copyright @ 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Date Class

28. Friction occurs for solids and liquids but not gases.

29. List one of the important features of friction.

30. What can you say about the net force on an object when you push it across the table just hard enoughto match friction?

3.7 OBJECTS IN FREE FALL HAVE EQUAL ACCELERATIONThis section discusses Galileo's workwith freelyfalling objects and inclined planes.

Reading Strategy) Predicting Before you read, predict the meaning of the vocabulary terms. After you read, revise your

definitions if your predictions were not correct.

Vocabulary Term Before You Read After You Read

Free fall

31. Why did Galileo use inclined planes in his experiments on the forces of gravity?

32. What did Galileo's exoeriments tell him about the influence of mass on the acceleration due togravity?

3.8 NEWTON'S SECOND LAW EXPLAINS WHY OBJECTS IN FREE FALL HAVE EQUALACCELERATION

This section discusses the connection betweenfreely falling objects, mass, and gravity.

Reading Strategy) Identifying Main Ideas As you read, write the main idea for the topic.

Topic Main Idea

Newton's second law explains why objects in freefall have equal acceleration.

33. How does Newton's second law explain why objects with different weights fall with the sameacceleration?

Copyright @ 2o1o Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 3 Newfon's Second Law of Motion-Force and Acceleration

Name Date Class

CHAPTER 3, Newton's Second Law of Motion-Force and Acceleration (continued)

34. We have determined that the acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s2 and that F: za (Newton's seco.law). According to this equation, what is the force of gravity on a l-kg mass?

3.9 ACCELERI\TION OF FALL IS LESS WHEN AIR DRAG ACTSThis section says that air drag depends on speed and surface area.

Reading Strategy) Predicting Before you read, predict the rneaning of the vocabulary terms. After you read, revise your

definitions if your predictions were incorrect.

Vocabulary Term Before You Read After You Read

Terminal speed

Terminal velocity

35. The frictional force of air drag depends on which of the following items?a. Speedb. Surface areac. Both of the above

36. In free fall the downward net force is weight. But what is the net force when air is present? -

\37. What happens wheir the air drag becomes equal to the weight (weight'- air drag : zero)?

38. Write the equation for this resuit.