catalyst – november 10-5, 2009
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Catalyst – November 10-5, 2009. What has the higher 1 st ionization energy Calcium or Oxygen? Which has a higher melting point Potassium Iodide or Hydrogen Disulfide?. Today’s Agenda. Catalyst Going over some things/Whiteboard Practice Practice Quiz Exit Question. Today’s Objectives. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Catalyst – November 10-5, 2009
1. What has the higher 1st ionization energy Calcium or Oxygen?
2. Which has a higher melting point Potassium Iodide or Hydrogen Disulfide?
Today’s Agenda
CatalystGoing over some things/Whiteboard Practice
Practice QuizExit Question
Today’s Objectives
SWBAT get ready to DOMINATE the Unit 4 Test!
Today…
We are going to review some things and practice on the whiteboards. Please ask questions where you might be confused!!
Then, we will take a practice quiz to get you in the mood!
Ionization Energy
Ionization Energy is the ENERGY it takes to remove an electron.
There are two types of questions: 1st ionization energy- know the trend!
2nd, 3rd, 4th- does it break into a new shell?
LET’S PRACTICE!
First Ionization Energy!
Multiple Ionization Energies
There is a gigantic increase in ionization energy if you break into a full valence shell!
Why???
Ionization Energy
Can you figure out why there is such an increase in the red numbers?
Use your BOHR models!! (10 mins)
Li Be B C IE1 520 900 801
1086IE2 7,298 1757 2427 2353IE3 14,849 3660 4621IE4 25,026 6223IE5 37,830
Practice
*First, draw a Bohr Model for both elements
Which has the highest 2nd ionization energy?
Boron Sodium
Practice
Which has the highest 3rd ionization energy?
Calcium Nitrogen
Practice
Which has the highest 1st ionization energy?
Selenium Polonium
Bond Type Chart/Differences in EN Man, I wish there was an easy
way to use electronegativity to figure out what bond type I have between two elements…
OH WAIT! There is! Pull out your book and turn to page 263.
All you do is take the difference of the two elements… That sounds easy! What type of bond is formed
between Oxygen and Sulfur? Find electronegativities,
subtract the higher one from the lower one. Then, look at the chart!
Bond Type Chart
DEN Range Bond Type
0.0 – 0.39 Nonpolar Covalent
0.4 – 0.89 Moderately Polar Covalent
0.9 – 1.69 Very Polar Covalent
1.7 or greater Ionic
Example 2
Determine the type of bond in MgO
Electronegativity Chart
Example 2
Determine the type of bond in MgO
1. Find electronegativity of each atom
Mg = 1.3 Paulings, O = 3.4 Paulings
Example 2
Determine the type of bond in O2
1. Find electronegativity of each atomMg = 1.3 Paulings, O = 3.4 Paulings
2. Find Electronegativity Difference (∆EN)DEN = 3.4 – 1.3 = 2.1
3. Look at chart to determine bond type.
Bond Type Chart
DEN Range Bond Type
0.0 – 0.39 Nonpolar Covalent
0.4 – 0.89 Moderately Polar Covalent
0.9 – 1.69 Very Polar Covalent
1.7 or greater Ionic
Your Turn!
NaFF2
CH4
AlN
Lewis Structure/Bond Formation
HFP2
SiO2
CO
Your Turn!
H2SHCNSe2
SiOH2
Kriss Krossing/Straight NamingKriss Krossing will make you get a good grade on this test!
Then, name the compounds.
Kris Kross Method!
Ca3As
2
Ca2+As3-
Which charge ALWAYS comes first?POSITIVE!!!
Which type of element ALWAYS comes first?METAL!!!
K F Ba N Ga O Ca Cl K Si Co I
Using the Polyatomic Sheet!
Find formula:
Potassium Carbonate Calcium Phosphate Ammonium Hydroxide Sodium Sulfate
Covalent Naming
PH3
CON2O3
From the name! Write the formulaNitrogen TrifluorideSilicon MonoxidePhosphorous PentachlorideAntimony Dibromide
Put everything away except a piece of paper and a pencil/pen
1.Non-metals tend to _________ electrons when forming an ionic bond because they have more than 4 valence electrons.
Gain
2. Which of the following is NOT a covalent compound?
a. CH4
b. COc. NaFd. H2O NaF
3. What is the stable ion for Cesium?
Cs1+
4. In which direction does ionization energy decrease on the periodic table? Why?
Going down a group/family, because it is easier to steal electrons from higher energy levels
5. Show the formation of the ionic bond between Sodium and ChlorineNa Na+
Cl Cl- + 1e-+1e-
Na+ + Cl- NaCl
6. What element will have the highest 3rd Ionization energy? Why?
a. Carbonb. Aluminumc. Fluorined. Magnesium
Mg, because its 3rd electron is in a full (happy) shell.
7. What is the stable ion for Arsenic?
As3-
8. What element will have the lowest 3rd Ionization energy? Why?
a. Carbonb. Aluminumc. Fluorined. Magnesium
Aluminum, because it wants to get rid of its 3rd electron so it can have a full outer shell
What is the correct Lewis Dot structure for Xenon?
Xe
What kind of bonds do noble gases make?
None, they already have a full outer shell
9. What is the correct Lewis Dot Structure for Phosphorus?
P
10. Show the formation of the ionic bond between Aluminum and OxygenAl Al3+
O O2-
+ 3e-+ 2e-
11. Which element will have the lowest 1st Ionization energy? Why?
a. Magnesiumb. Carbonc. Fluorine d. Potassium
Potassium, because it wants to get rid of its 1st electron so it can have a full outer shell
12. Show the formation of the ionic bond between Magnesium and Fluorine
Mg Mg2+
F F-
+ 2e-+ 1e-
13. Name the following compound: Mg3N2
Ionic: Magnesium Nitride
14. Name the following compound: H3(PO4)
Ionic: Hydrogen Phosphate
15. Name the following compound: N3P5
Covalent: Trinitrogen pentaphosphate
16. What is the chemical formula for the following compound? Dinitrogen pentachlorideN2Cl5
17. What is the chemical formula for the following compound? Aluminum bromide
Ionic, so kriss kross
AlBr3
18. What is the chemical formula for the following compound? Lead (IV) Hydroxide
Ionic, so kriss kross
Pb(OH)4
19. Draw the lewis dot structure for the following compound:
C3H8
20. Draw the lewis dot structure for the following compound: HCP What kind of bond is between C and P?
21. Draw the lewis dot structure for the following compound:
HNO
22. Draw the lewis dot structure for the following compound:
HCN
Exit Question
How do you plan to make sure you DOMINATE the Unit 4 Test?