CASE OF CONTRAFLOW IN GLOBAL MEDIA

CASE OF CONTRAFLOW IN GLOBAL MEDIA

20092609 Lee Min-Ji

CONTENTS

TV Globo Telenovela

└ Comparison with soap opera Middle East Broadcasting Centre

(MBC) Al-jazeera

TV Globo► Known as Rede Globo (or simply Globo)

► A Brazilian television network, owned by media conglomerate Organizações Globo. ► Globo is the fourth-largest public TV commercial network in the world and one of the l

argest producer of soap operas

► Entered the international market in 1975 with exports of telenovelas to Portugal.

► In 1999, TV Globo’s programs, mainly entertainment oriented, were being exported to 130 countries across the globe.

► Main factors making TV Globo successful:-the government support-the commercial nature-its primary market is local

► Currently, one of the largest in The Americas and the fourth largest in the world, watched by 120 million people daily.

► In 2007, moved their analogue operations to a high-definition television production in digital broadcasting.

Telenovela► A limited-run television serial melodrama made in Latin America

► Essentially soap operas in miniseries format.

► The most-watched genre of television program in the world, with at least two billion viewers worldwide.

► Telenovela by country : Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Dominican Republic,

Germany, Indonesia, Mexico, Philippine, Portugal …etc.

► While most English language soap operas can continue indefinitely, almost all telenovelas run for a predetermined duration. They usually air five or six days a week and run for an average of 120 episodes.

► The availability and popularity of Latin American telenovelas in the US have also been called “reverse media imperialism”.

Telenovela : Comparison with soap opera

► Technical differences - The standard American, UK, or Australian soap opera is invariably designed to

theoretically continue indefinitely, and indeed sometimes do endure for decades, with an ever-rotating cast of players and characters.

- However, most Latin American telenovelas have an average run of six months up to a year. The show's duration is pre-planned at the show's inception, with the overall story-arc and conclusion also known by the show's makers at its inception. Mundo de Juguete is one exception to the rule, with a total of 605 chapters (1974–1977), and a few cast changes during the course of the serial. Some earlier Argentine telenovelas (most of them penned by Alberto Migré) also ran for a few years.

► Conceptual differences - Telenovelas also have a different type of story from English-language soaps. - The main differences are in the story and in the technology applications. The story normally is about a rivalry between two people or families, based on romance or business.

Middle East Broadcasting Centre (MBC)► Saudi-run company broadcasting a mix of free-to-air news and entertainment

channels via satellite.

► Launched on Sept. 18, 1991 as the Middle East Broadcasting Corporation

► Objective : to broadcast Arabic-language programs to Arab nationals living in Europe and North America

► Aimed at a middle-class audience with an interest in pan-Arabic and international affairs

► Journalistic resources : detailed analysis of developments in the Arab world, correspondents in most Arab countries as well as in the US, France, etc.

► Competitors : Al-Jazeera (news and current affairs), LBC (entertainment), Orbit, Showtime

► By providing news and entertainment to the Arab world and among the Arabic diaspora, channels like MBC could help shape a new kind of Arab identity – one based on a regional or geo-linguistic rather than national identity

► Broadcasters like MBC have helped to strengthen a moderate and pro-Western Arab public opinion

Al-jazeera► A prominent example of contra-flow in global media products.

► Reaching 50 million viewers across the world, undermining the Anglo-American domination of news and current affairs in one of the world’s most geopolitically sensitive areas.

► If the live broadcast of the 1991 US military action against Iraq contributed to making CNN a global presence, the ‘war on terrorism’ has catapulted al-Jazeera into an international broadcaster.

► It helped broaden the terms and scope of the Arab media discourse, in the process also earning the displeasure of Islamic fundamentalists, as well as left-wing opinion in the region.

► Al Jazeera launched an English language channel, originally called Al Jazeera International, in 2006. The new English language venture faced considerable regulatory and commercial hurdles in the North America market for its perceived sympathy with extremist causes. At the same time, others felt Al Jazeera's competitive advantage lay in programming in the Arabic language.

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