A Presentation

On

Carbon Footprints

Presented by

OĞUZ İNCE

Information Systems Engineering,

Doğuş University

Environmental Pollution

Environmental Pollution can be defined as any undesirable change in physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of any component of the environment i.e. air, water, soil which can cause harmful effects on various forms of life or property.

Pollution: The term pollution can be defined as influence of any substance causing nuisance, harmful effects, and uneasiness to the organisms

Pollutant:- Any substance causing Nuisance or harmful effects or uneasiness to the organisms, then that particular substance may be called as the pollutant.

Types of Pollution

WATER POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION

LAND POLLUTION

NOISE POLLUTION

WATER POLLUTION

Municipal Waste Water

Land Pollution

Industrial WastePlastics factories, chemical plants, oil refineries,

nuclear waste disposal activity, large animal farms, coal-fired power plants, metals production factories and other heavy industry all contribute to land pollution.

Air Pollution

Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.

A substance in the air that can cause harm to humans and the environment is known as an air pollutant.

Causes of Air Pollution

Carbon dioxide-this happens because of Deforestation and fossil fuel burning.

Sulfur dioxide –Due to the burning of sulfur containing compounds of fossil fuels.

Sulfur oxides- very dangerous to humans at a high concentration. Sulfur in the atmosphere is responsible for acid rain.

Consequences of Air Pollution

CO2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also

partially restricts infrared radiation going back

from the earth into space, which produces the so-

called greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic

cooling of the Earth during the night.

CO2 in atmosphere --> GLOBAL WARMING

Some Proof of Global Warming

Portage Glacier Alaska then….Portage Glacier Alaska now….

Colorado River, As of

June 2002

Colorado River, As of December 2010

INTRODUCTION

Climate change is increasingly recognised as a major

challenge.

Greenhouse gas emissions are the driving force behind

climate change.

Greenhouse GasesGreenhouse gases are those which contribute to the

greenhouse effect . The six regulated gases are:

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)

• Methane (CH4)

• Nitrous oxide (N2O)

• Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)

• Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)

• Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)

The most influential greenhouse gas for climate change is

carbon dioxide (CO2).

Where does all the Carbon dioxide come from?

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released when we burn carbon based

fuels.

Almost all fuels are carbon-based, including:

• Petrol and diesel in our cars, vans and generators.

• Electricity generated from fossil fuel power stations.

• Coal, oil and gas in our power stations (and businesses).

• Jet fuel in aero planes.

Virtually all human activities cause CO2 emissions that lead to

climate change.

Hence every person is responsible for CO2 emissions.

So in actual its ‘carbon dioxide footprint’.

Effect of greenhouse gases on environment

• Easily trap the sun's heat.

• Keep the earth warm.

• Too much gases in the air leads to climate change, what we

call Global warming.

• Methane and nitrous oxide have high heat-trapping capacity

to carbon dioxide.

• But major role is played by carbon dioxide.

Classification of greenhouse gases

• Direct emissions that result from activities of the

organisation controls.

• Indirect emissions from the use of electricity.

• Indirect emissions from products and services.

Classification of Greenhouse gases

GLOBAL WARMING AND THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

Difference between Global Warming and the Greenhouse

Effect

Global warming refers to a rise in the

temperature of the surface of the earth.

The Greenhouse Effect is a process by which

thermal radiation from a planetary surface is

absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases,

and is re-radiated in all directions.

What Is A Carbon Footprint?

• A carbon footprint is a measure of the impact our activities have on the environment, and in particular climate change. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day-to-day lives through burning fossil fuels for electricity, heating and transportation etc.

• The carbon footprint is a measurement of all greenhouse gases we individually produce and has units of tonnes (or kg) of carbon dioxide equivalent

• A carbon footprint is "the total set of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by an organization, event, product or person." Greenhouse gases can be emitted through transport, land clearance, and the production and consumption of food, fuels,

• manufactured goods, materials, wood, roads, buildings, and services. For simplicity of reporting, it is often expressed in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide, or its equivalent of other GHGs, emitted.

1-)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8q7_aV8eLUE

2-)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7JlaHeZnP0

TYPE OF FOOTPRINTS

Carbon footprint ranking1) Forest fire – 100 million tons

CO2e

2) Having a child – 700 tons CO2e

3) 2.5 Acres deforestation – 500 tons CO2e

4) A new car – 17 tons CO2e

5) Flight (LA to Spain) – 4.6 tons CO2e

6) A new computer – 720 kg CO2e

7) Road trip: SF to LA – 500 Kg CO2e

8) Light on for a year – 400 kg CO2e

9) $100 on groceries – 62 kg CO2e

10) Moderate cell phone use (year) –47 kg CO2e

11) 10 lbs of trash – 3.1 kg CO2e

12) Beef cheeseburger – 2.5 kg CO2e

13) A pint of beer – 500g CO2e14) Bottle of water – 200g CO2e15) Cycling a mile – 100g CO2e16) Banana – 80g CO2e17) Walking through a door –

10g CO2e18) A web search – 2g CO2e

The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol•A widely used standard for emissions reporting.

•Covers project emissions reporting and corporate emissions

reporting.

•The corporate emissions reporting standard provides a

methodology for calculation of a carbon footprint.

ISO 140645•ISO 140645 is an international standard for corporate

emissions reporting.

•It builds on the approach outlined in the Greenhouse Gas

Protocol.

CARBON CREDITS

• Certificates issued to countries those reduce theiremission of greenhouse gases (GHG) which causes globalwarming.

• Came into existence as a result of increasing awareness ofthe need for controlling emissions.

Key points• One Carbon Credit is equal to one ton of Carbon Dioxide

• Methane and nitrous oxide have approximately 21 timesand 310 times, respectively, the heat-trapping capacity ofcarbon dioxide.

• Reducing methane by one ton is equivalent to reducingcarbon dioxide by 21 tons.

How can we reduce our’scarbon footprint?

1. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

2. Turn off and unplug all electrical appliances when not in use

3. Walk, Cycle, Carpool, Use public transport when possible

4. Take a shower instead of a bath

5. Reuse your shopping bags

6. Close doors to keep heat in

7. Use low energy light bulbs

8. Plant a tree

10. Only turn on the dishwasher/ washing machine when full

12. Separate your rubbish

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJwt9nwCElA

CONCLUSION

• It can be concluded that carbon footprints as well as

carbon credits carries an importance in our daily life.

• Everyone should realize its effect and should try to

protect the nature from its adverse effects.

• The carbon credit business is a rapidly changing

business, and people should be aware that market rates,

protocols, and registration programs can change

quickly.

ANY QUESTIONS??

THANKS

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