1. Accommodation & Illnesses /DiseasesClaire King

2. Out line By the end of the lesson you will know:- Description of what an accommodation is How the accommodation can affect the health of a reptile Illnesses and diseases contributed by the accommodation Zoonosis 3. Captive Reptiles Now out numbering cats and dogs as a family pet Why?? Accommodation can affect the reptiles health How?? In Groups list how the equipment used to accommodate the reptile can affect health 1. Vivarium / terrarium 2. Heat 3. UV 4. Humidity 5. Substrate 4. Vivarium / terrarium The House Size Material Paint/Gloss Ventilation Retaining of heat/moisture Problems caused Over crowding Lack of movement/ growth stunts Too big No oxygen flow/ respiratory problems Mouth rot Stress Nose rub Eating problems Biting/loss of limbs Bacterial build up Behavioural problems Death 5. Heat Equipment Heat mats Ceramic bulbs Heat lamps Heat stones Problems Different productions of heat Need thermostat (Control & moderates the heat from your basking lamps to prevent your pet from overheating) Thermal injuries Malnutrition Secondary infections 6. UV Lighting Equipment UVB florescent tubes Compact Fluorescent Lamps Mercury Vapour Lamps Problems Photo-kerato-conjunctivitis (result of abnormally high exposure to ultraviolet radiation) Metabolic bone disesase Malnutrition 7. Humidity Equipment Water sprayer Micro-climate Reptile foggier Reptile rain system Waterfalls/ dripper systems Problems Skin rot Dehydration Shedding problems (Dysecdysis) Secondary illnesses 8. Substrate In groups list the different substrates that can be used with reptiles include the problems that can be found in using them 9. Substrate Materials Sand Corn chippings Bark Carpet Artificial grass News paper Saw dust/chippings Aspen Sphagnum Moss Cannabis/ hemp Walnut substrate Straw Pellets Vermiculite Plantation Soil Eco Earth (coconut fibre) Problems Cuts/splinters Eye problems Ink poisoning Shedding problems Ecto-parasites Stuck to their hemipenes or averted cloacal tissues Build up in the gut/ impaction 10. Spread worldwide through contaminated substrate or reptile Mouth parts for drinking blood salivary secretions contain digestive enzymes & anticoagulants Full life cycle is around 32 days passing through five instars. Only nymph and adults feed on host Eggs layed in corners of vivariums Accumulate under scales, postorbital areas, labial pits and skin folds near the vent Symptoms snakes remain in water, secondary infection pneumonia and septicaemia also can transmit bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila causing Inclusion Body Disease (IBD) a retrovirus affecting boids Shedding problems IBD causing neurological depression Anorexia & diarrhoea 16 Snake mite Ophionyssus natricis 11. Zoonoses Immunosuppressed or immunocompromised Infants and children under 10 Elderly Chronic diseases that compromises the immune system 12. Zoonoses Food sources Sanitation measures Housing Husbandry practices Wild-caught Domestically-bred Exposure to other reptiles Shipping conditions Pet store housing Rescue centre Sources of infection or re- infection Original source of reptile Source of infection to the reptile during transport and sale 13. Zoonoses Bacterial:- Salmonella spp. gram-negative straight rods, usually flagellated, facultative anaerobes (with/without atmospheric oxygen). Aeromonas spp. gram-negative, fermentative, and oxidase-positive bacteria. (normal mouth flora of alligators) Campylobacter spp. cause diarrhea and acute gastroenteritis in humans 14. Zoonoses Mycobacterium Direct contact with organism through scratches, bites in the skin. Mycobacterium spp. is related to the one that causes tuberculosis. These bacteria can infect numerous organs and most commonly cause the development of nodules at the site of infection 15. Zoonoses Q-Fever Coxiella burnetii Reptiles may serve as reservoir hosts for the transmission of C. Burnetii by infected ticks to mammals and humans 16. References Brock, C (2005) The light stuff. Reptile care, Issue 10 (March/April) Mulberry Publications Ltd, pp 52 -59 Copping, J (2008) Reptiles now more popular pets than dogs. The Telegraph, 22/11 Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/3500882/Reptiles-now-more-popular-pets-than-dogs.html [15/11/12] de Vosjoli, P., et al (2001) The bearded Dragon Manual. California, Advanced Vivarium System Klingenberg, R (2007) Understanding Reptile Parasites. California, Advanced Vivarium System Mader, D (1996) Reptile Medicine and Surgery. Pennsylvania, The Curtis Centre UVGuide.co.uk (2010) Advances in Reptile lighting. (on-line) (23/09/09) Available http://www.uvguide.co.uk/index.htm [10/10/12] Wilkie, A., et al (2006) Looking at UVB in a New Light. The Herptile, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp 4 -21