Features:• Integrated serial triggering for

testing your CAN/LIN and FlexRay serial buses

• Real-time protocol decode update rates using hardware-accelerated protocol decoding

• Precision differential active probes

• Mixed-signal measurements across analog sensors, serial buses, and digital ECU signals

CAN/LIN (N5424A) and FlexRay (N5432A)Options for Automotive Applications Using Agilent’s InfiniiVision Series Oscilloscopes

Data Sheet

Debug the signal integrity of your automotive designs faster

IntroductionThe Agilent Technologies InfiniiVision Series digital storage oscilloscopes (DSOs) and mixed signal oscilloscopes (MSOs) offer integrated serial triggering and hardware-accelerated protocol decoding solutions that give you the tools you need to efficiently and effectively debug your embedded automotive designs. The optional N5424A software (Option AMS) provides extended CAN and LIN triggering and decoding in all four-channel DSOs and MSOs. The optional N5432A software (Option FRS) provides FlexRay triggering and decode in all four-channel MSO models.

N5424A (Option AMS) CAN/LIN bus triggering and decodeThe Agilent N5424A CAN/LIN option allows you to trigger on either standard or extended CAN message IDs, including the message ID of a remote transfer request frame. It supports triggering on a data frame, and allows you to specify message IDs, data and data length for filtering messages of interest. Triggering on active error frames also is supported.

Decode information for the CAN and LIN buses is time-correlated with each specific digitized packet waveform. To make the information easier to interpret, the decoded serial data is provided in a color-coded format, as shown in Figure 1. With the real-time update of decoded frames, your ability to find random and infrequent signal integrity problems is greatly enhanced. In this particular screen image, we can see that the scope captured and displayed a CRC error color-coded in red – indicating an error caused by a system glitch coupling into the differential CAN signal.

Bus quality and efficiency totalize function

In addition to flagging CAN error frames in real-time, the N5424A also provides real-time CAN bus quality and efficiency measurements. The totalize function provides a complete count of all CAN frames, all active error frames (with %), all overload frames (with %), and a measure of bus utilization (in percent), sometimes call “bus load,” as shown in Figure 2. This unique totalize function, which is not available in other oscilloscopes currently on the market, is not related to the scope’s acquisition or triggering. In addition, these CAN bus quality measurements are not affected by either the oscilloscope’s acquisition window or scope dead-time. Totalize counts run continuously, even when the scope’s acquisition is stopped. This provides an accurate measure of your CAN system’s bus efficiency and quality.

Figure 2. Real-time totalize functions provide CAN bus efficiency and quality measurement statistics.

Figure 1. Random errors observed in CAN decode while triggering on data frame ID: 07FHEX

CRC error

Enhance your ability to capture random and infrequent error conditions

Other oscilloscope solutions with automotive serial bus triggering and protocol decode typically use software post-processing techniques to decode serial packets/frames. Using these software techniques, waveform- and decode-update rates tend to be slow (sometimes seconds per update), especially when you use deep memory, which is often required to capture multiple packetized serial signals in today’s automotive applications. Agilent’s automotive serial bus options are based on hardware technology to provide real-time protocol decode update rates. Hardware-accelerated decoding enhances your ability to capture random and infrequent error conditions so that you can debug your automotive designs faster.

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N5432A (Option FRS) FlexRay bus triggering and decode

Unlike CAN and LIN, the FlexRay serial protocol is based on a time-triggered and deterministic architecture. This presents new measurement challenges for the FlexRay system designer.

Because of the fault-tolerant nature of the FlexRay protocol, FlexRay technology is expected to be used in the near future for many safety-critical applications such as steer-by-wire, brake-by-wire, and collision-avoidance systems. These types of applications where mechanical linkages can ultimately be eliminated are often referred to as “fly-by-wire” or “x-by-wire” applications.

Figure 3. Agilent’s 6000 mixed signal oscilloscope with the VPT1000 FlexRay Vehicle Protocol Tester provides the highest performance oscilloscope FlexRay measurements available today.

Verify proper signal integrity of your FlexRay signals and proper timing of your time-triggered communication bus

Agilent’s N5432A FlexRay option (Option FRS) for the InfiniiVision Series mixed signal oscilloscopes offers a robust set of FlexRay frame, slot, and error triggering, including the ability to trigger on specific FlexRay communications qualified on base-cycle and cycle-repetition. This oscilloscope FlexRay measurement

system, shown in Figure 3, combines an Agilent InfiniiVision Series mixed signal oscilloscope (MSO) with an Agilent VPT1000 Vehicle Protocol Tester for FlexRay to provide the first time-correlated slot/segment boundary display of the global FlexRay timing schedule on an oscilloscope. This capability allows you to verify proper signal integrity of your FlexRay signals and proper timing of the time-triggered communication bus.

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Figure 5. MSO6000 setup to trigger on null frame errors

Figure 4 shows an example of the MSO set up to trigger on the last scheduled static slot (slot 89). In order to capture unique cycles of communication, this FlexRay measurement example shows how triggering was qualified on base-cycle of 10 and cycle-repetition of 16. With this setup, the scope only triggers on cycles 10, 26, 42, and 58. The bottom trace (blue) shows header and payload protocol of each captured frame, while the trace just above it shows color-coded slot timing boundaries. In this case, we can clearly see that each captured frame occurs within its specified slot boundary. In this measurement example, we can also see the transition from the static slot segment (SS 89, color-coded in orange) to the dynamic mini-slot segment (DS 90, color-coded in green).

Before the introduction of Agilent’s FlexRay measurement solution, scopes available with FlexRay measurements were able to trigger on a very minimal set of error conditions, such as CRC errors. But since the FlexRay bus will be used in many safety-critical applications, FlexRay embedded designers need to quickly identify specific errors based on a wide range

N5432A (Option FRS) FlexRay bus triggering and decode (continued)

of possible conditions. Although extremely low bit-error-ratios may be statistically acceptable in the computer industry, errors can’t be tolerated in the automotive industry for obvious reasons. Figure 5 shows an example

of triggering on a null frame error condition. In this case, the scope triggers on this error condition and displays a red color-coded “Null” frame error message within dynamic slot 137.

Figure 4. Time-correlation of FlexRay frames with ideal slot boundaries

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N5432A (Option FRS) FlexRay bus triggering and decode (continued)

Just like Agilent’s other serial bus options (I2C, SPI, CAN, LIN and RS-232/UART) for the InfiniiVision series oscilloscopes, the N5432A FlexRay option provides hardware-accelerated decoding. Not only does hardware-based decoding enhance the usability of the mixed signal oscilloscope by providing real-time waveform updates (up to 100,000 waveforms/sec when not trigger-rate limited), but hardware-based decoding also enhances the scope’s probability of capturing and displaying a broad range of error conditions – even when the scope is not set up to trigger on error conditions. When protocol and/or timing errors are detected, the scope displays a time-correlated red color-coded message.

The N5432A FlexRay option also includes a totalize function with a real-time totalized count of all

transmitted frames, sync frames (SYNC), and null frames (NULL). These counters run continuously and are not related to the scope’s acquisition.

The N5432A FlexRay option has two different use-models for either synchronous or asynchronous analysis. For asynchronous analysis, you can set the FlexRay baud rate from an MSO6000 or MSO7000 FlexRay setup menu. Alternatively, you can see a synchronous and time-correlated display of segment and slot timing boundaries by importing a FIBEX file that defines the global FlexRay schedule directly into the mixed signal oscilloscope. This capability allows the system to be used as a standalone, time-correlated oscilloscope measurement system (no external PC required).

For more advanced FlexRay protocol analysis, the VPT1000 and MSO can be configured for either synchronous or asynchronous operation using Agilent’s advanced measurements PC software package. This type of system configuration provides higher-level FlexRay protocol analysis measurements on the PC and time-correlated FlexRay measurements on the oscilloscope’s display.

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The Segmented Memory Option for Agilent’s Infi niiVision series oscil-loscopes can optimize your scope’s acquisition memory allowing you to capture more CAN, LIN, and/or FlexRay frames using less memory. Segmented memory acquisition optimizes the number of packetized serial commu-nication frames that can be captured consecutively by selectively ignoring (not digitizing) unimportant idle time between frames. And with a minimum 250 picosecond time-tagging resolu-tion, you will know the precise time between each frame.

Figure 6 shows a CAN bus measure-ment with the scope setup to trigger on every start-of-frame (SOF) condition. Using this triggering condition with the segmented memory acquisition mode turned on, the scope easily captures 1000 consecutive CAN frames for a total acquisition time of 2.4 seconds. After acquiring the 1000 segments/CAN frames, we can easily scroll through all frames individually to look for any anomalies or errors. In addi-tion, we can easily make latency timing measurements between frames using the segmented memory’s time-tagging. Also note that in this measurement example, 8 time-correlated digital channels were acquired along with the analog CAN signal and decoding.

Agilent’ s Infi niiVision series oscil-loscopes are the only scopes on the market today that can not only acquire segments of up to four analog chan-nels of acquisition, but also capture time-correlated segments on digital channels of acquisition (using an MSO model), along with hardware-based serial bus protocol decoding.

Segmented Memory captures more frames

Figure 6: Capturing 1000 consecutive decoded CAN frames using segmented memory.

Probe automotive signals with precision – even in environmental chambers

Signal integrity measurements on automotive differential signals such as CAN and FlexRay require differential active probing. Agilent offers a range of differential active probes for various bandwidths and dynamic range applications. For the most accurate measurements in

automotive embedded systems, Agilent recommends the 1130 Series InfiniiMax active probes for either single-ended or differential applications. This family of active probes comes with a variety of interchangeable, passive probe heads for various probing use-models including browsing, solder-in, and socketed applications (see Figure 7).

Figure 7. Agilent 1130 Series differential active probes with interchangeable passive probe heads

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Automotive embedded designs must be tested under simulated extreme conditions in environmental chambers. These extreme conditions may include testing ECUs and differential serial buses, such as CAN and FlexRay, at temperatures exceeding 150 degrees Celsius. Unfortunately, the active circuitry in today’s typical active probes cannot tolerate temperatures exceeding 55 degrees C. However, with the unique electrical and physical architecture of the 1130 Series InfiniiMax active probes, the Extreme Temperature Cable Extension Kit (N5450A) can be used to extend and displace the probe’s active amplifier to be outside of an environmental chamber (see Figure 8). With this configuration, InfiniiMax’ passive probe heads can be connected to test points within the chamber with temperatures ranging from –55 to +155 degrees C.

Easily make automotive mixed-signal measurements

Today’s automotive designs include a combination of analog, digital, and serial bus signals. The automotive embedded designer often needs to time-correlate signal activity across analog sensors, serial communication, and digital control and I/O signals within ECUs. Agilent InfiniiVision Series MSOs are the perfect fit for verifying and debugging these types of designs. Agilent MSOs that support automotive serial bus applications provide four channels of analog acquisition and up to sixteen channels of logic signal acquisition, as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 8. The Extreme Temperature Cable Extension Kit (N5450A) allows differential active probing within environmental chambers at extreme temperatures.

Figure 9. Mixed-signal measurements in a FlexRay system using an MSO

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CAN specifications/characteristics (N5424A or Option AMS)

CAN source Analog channels 1, 2, 3, or 4

Baud rates 10 kbps up to 1 Mbps (user-selectable)

Triggering Start-of-frame (SOF)1 Remote frame ID (RMT) Data frame ID (~RMT) Remote or data frame ID Data frame ID and data Error frame ID length: 11 bits or 29 bits (extended)

Color-coded, hardware-accelerated Frame ID (hex digits in yellow)decode Remote frame (RMT in green) Data length code (DLC in blue) Data bytes (hex digits in white) CRC (hex digits in blue = valid, hex digits in red = error) Error frame (bi-level bus trace in red) Totalize active error frames (“XXXXXX ERR” in red) Overload frame (“OVRLD” in blue) Idle bus (high bus trace in white) Active bus (bi-level bus trace in dark-blue)

Totalize function Total frames Total overload frames Total Error frames Bus utilization

1 Standard CAN triggering in all Agilent 6000 Series oscilloscopes

LIN specifications/characteristics (N5424A or Option AMS)

LIN source Analog channels 1, 2, 3, or 4 Logic channels D0 – D15

LIN standards LIN 1.3 or LIN 2.0

Signal types LIN single-ended Tx Rx

Baud rates 2400 bps, 9600 bps, or 19.2 kbps (user-selectable)

Triggering Sync break1

Frame ID (0X00HEX to 0X3FHEX)

Color-coded, hardware-accelerated Frame ID (6-bit hex digits in yellow)decode Frame ID and optional parity bits (8-bit hex digits in yellow) Data bytes (hex digits in white) Lin 2.0 check sum (hex digits in white) Lin 1.3 check sum (hex digits in blue = valid, hex digit in red = error) Sync error (“SYNC” in red) THeader-Max (“THM” in red) TFrame-max (“TFM” in red) Parity error (“PAR” in red) LIN 1.3 wake-up error (“WUP” in red) Lin 1.3 idle bus (high bus trace in white) Active bus (bi-level bus trace in dark-blue)

1 Standard LIN triggering in all Agilent 6000 Series oscilloscopes

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FlexRay specifications/characteristics (N5432A or Option FRS)

FlexRay source FlexRay channel A (connected to VPT1000)

FlexRay analog acquisition Channel 1, 2, 3, or 4 (differential probe recommended)

Baud rates 2.5 Mbps, 5.0 Mbps, and 10 Mbps (user-selectable or via FIBEX file)

Frame triggering • Frame type: startup (SUP), not startup (~SUP), sync (SYNC), not sync (~SYNC), null (NULL), not null (~NULL), normal (NORM), and All • Frame ID: 1 to 2047 (decimal format), and All • Cycle - Base: 0 to 63 (decimal format) Repetition: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 (decimal format)

Global time-schedule triggering • Segment type: static (SS), dynamic (DS), or symbol, and Idle (NIT)(designated as FlexRay “time” • Slot type: All or emptytriggering) • Slot number: 1 to 2047 (decimal format), and All • Cycle - Base: 0 to 63 (decimal format), All Repetition: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 (decimal format)

Error triggering • All errors • Code error (NRZ decoding errors only) • TSS violation (TSSV) • Header CRC error • Frame CRC error • Frame end sequence error ( < 11 bits received) • Boundary violation (frame received overlaps slot boundaries) • Network idle time violation (frame received with NIT) • Symbol window violation (frame received within symbol window, or symbol received outside of symbol window) • Slot overbooked error (2nd frame received with one slot after a correct one) • Null frame error (null frame received within dynamic segment) • Sync or startup error (sync bit or startup bit set within dynamic segment) • Frame ID error (mismatch between internal and received slot ID) • Cycle count error (mismatch between internal and received cycle counter) • Static payload length error (unexpected payload length with static segment)

Frame decoding • Frame type (NORM, SYNC, SUP, NULL in blue) • Frame ID (decimal digits in yellow) • Payload-length (decimal number of words in green) • Header CRC (hex digits in blue plus red CRC error message if invalid) • Cycle number (decimal digits in yellow) • Data bytes (HEX digits in white) • Frame CRC (hex digits in blue plus red CRC error message if invalid) • Frame/coding errors (error symbol in red)

Global time-schedule decoding • Segment type: static = SS in orange, dynamic = DS in green, Symbol in yellow, Idle = NIT in white • Segment number: decimal digits in orange (static) or green (dynamic) • Cycle number (CYC + decimal digits in yellow) • Timing errors (error symbol in red)

Totalize function • Total received frames • Total synchronization frames • Total null frames

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Ordering information

The N5424A CAN/LIN option is compatible only with 4-channel DSOs and 4+16 channel MSO models in the InfiniiVision Series oscilloscopes, including the 5000, 6000, and 7000 Series scopes.

The N5432A FlexRay option is compatible only with 4+16 channel 6000 and 7000 series MSOs. Although the MSO models provide four analog

channels of acquisition plus up to sixteen channels of logic channels, when used with the N5432A FlexRay option, only eight logic channels of acquisition are available for time-correlated mixed-signal measurements The InfiniiVision 6000 and 7000 Series MSOs with the FlexRay option and the VPT Series Vehicle Protocol Tester for FlexRay can be ordered directly from Agilent Technologies.

Model Description

N5424A (or Option AMS) CAN/LIN automotive triggering and decode (4 and 4+16 channel models only)

N5432A (or Option FRS) FlexRay automotive triggering and decode (4+16 channel MSO models only and requires VPT1000 FlexRay Vehicle Protocol Tester)

N5423A (or Option LSS) I2C/SPI serial decode option (4 and 4+16 channel models only)

N5457 (or Option 232) RS-232/UART triggering and decode (4 and 4+16 channel models only)

N5454A (or Option SGM) Segmented Memory

J8130A VPT1000 FlexRay Vehicle Protocol Tester

N5450A Extreme Temperature Cable Extension Kit

Note that additional options and accessories are available for Agilent InfiniiVision Series oscilloscopes. Refer to the appropriate 5000, 6000, or 7000 Series data sheet for ordering information about these additional options and accessories, as well as ordering information for specific oscilloscope models.

These options are available as factory-installed options if ordered as Option-AMS (CAN/LIN) and/or Option-FRS (FlexRay) along with a specific oscilloscope model. Existing InfiniiVision Series oscilloscope users can order these options as an after-purchase product upgrade (CAN/LIN: N5424A, FlexRay: N5432A ).

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Related literature

Publication title Publication type Publication number

Agilent Technologies Oscilloscope Family Brochure Brochure 5989-7650EN

Agilent 7000 Series InfiniiVision Oscilloscopes Data sheet 5989-7736EN

Agilent 6000 Series InfiniiVision Oscilloscopes Data sheet 5989-2000EN

Agilent InfiniiVision Series Oscilloscope Probes and Accessories Data sheet 5968-8153EN

Agilent J8130A VPT1000 Vehicle Protocol Tester for FlexRay Data sheet 5989-7589EN

I2C and SPI triggering and hardware-based decode options for Data sheet 5989-5126ENInfiniiVision Series Oscilloscopes (N5423A)

RS-232/UART triggering and hardware-based decode for Data sheet 5989-7832ENInfiniiVision Series Oscilloscopes (N5457A)

Segmented Memory Acquisition for Agilent InfiniiVision Data sheet 5989-7833ENOscilloscopes (N5454A)

Agilent N5450A InfiniiMax Extreme Temperature Extension Cable Kit Data sheet 5989-7542EN

Using an Agilent InfiniiVision MSO to Debug an Automotive CAN Bus Application note 5989-5049EN

Evaluating Oscilloscopes for Best Signal Visibility Application note 5989-7885EN

Debugging Embedded Mixed-Signal Designs Using Application note 5989-3702ENMixed Signal Oscilloscopes

Choosing an Oscilloscope with the Right Bandwidth for your Applications Application note 5989-5733EN

Evaluating Oscilloscope Sample Rates vs. Sampling Fidelity Application note 5989-5732EN

Evaluating Oscilloscope Vertical Noise Characteristics Application note 5989-3020EN

The Extending the Range of Agilent InfiniiMax Probes Application note 5989-7587EN

To download these documents, insert the publication number in the URL: http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/xxxx-xxxxEN.pdf

Product Web siteFor the most up-to-date and complete application and product information, please visit our product Web site at: www.agilent.com/fi nd/scopes

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