CADD 125BOARD DRAFTING

Lesson 1 – Intro & Drafting Basics

A. What is drafting? Introduction & Supplies

B. LetteringC. Border & Title BlockD. Alphabet of LinesE. Measurement Systems (Units)F. Drawing ScaleG. Standard Sheet Sizes

Lesson 1 - Drafting Basics

Lesson 1 – Objectives & Vocabulary

Master Lettering Create a Border Learn the Linetype

Alphabet Learn the Measurement

System Practice Reading Scales Learn the Standard

Sheet Sizes

Lettering Border Title Block Alphabet of

Lines Visible / Object

Line Hidden Line Centerline Dimension /

Extension Line Leader Line Phantom Line

Cutting Plane Section Line Guidelines Scale Units Imperial /

Arch. Engineering Metric Drawing Scale A Size - Letter B Size -

Tabloid

Lesson 1 Objectives(We will focus on these objectives for this lesson)

Lesson 1 Vocabulary(You may click the word to find it in the lesson)

Greeting students!In this class, you will learn the basics of Board Drafting. This will teach you the basic concepts of drafting and will prepare you for your future computer based drafting courses. When we draft, we are drawing representations of objects clearly so that the object can be created or modified and clearly understood. Because of this, our drawings must be ACCURATE. There are certain tools we use in drafting to help us with the appearance and accuracy of our drawings. You will need to purchase some of these tools for this class.

Introduction & Supplies

Introduction & Supplies You will need:

Technical Drawing book (purchase either in the bookstore or used online for big discount!)

1 Combination scale - Scale must have Architect 16 and (1/8, 1/4). Engineer 10 and 50. Mechanical 1:100 and 1:500 measurements. (Will have a “D” on it if purchased at David Art Supplies)

Two mid-size drafting Triangles - (30/60° and 45°) 6”+ Bow Compass – Do NOT buy the cheapy ones with a golf pencil!!!!! .3 Pencil & .7 Pencil & HB lead for both Erasure shield & White Eraser Cream Art Tape OR Drafting Dots Binder or 3 Prong folder Clear sleeves for documents Circle Template Cleaning brush Dry Erase Pad Protractor***ALL OF THIS IS ON YOUR SYLLABUS!***You can expect to spend about $175 total on these supplies.

Notes about this Class: The object of this class is not only to teach you skills needed in your future

career, but it will also help prepare you for the responsibilities that will come along with that career. There are certain rules and requirements that you must meet to succeed in this course. (All of this is on your syllabus!)

Although you may not get a salary for these classes, you are given a grade. Therefore, your attendance & participation in class directly affects your grade. Attendance is a MUST. You will be docked 2 points from your FINAL GRADE for each

unexcused absence, and one point for every excused absence. You will also be docked 1 point for every time you arrive late or leave early, so BE ON TIME!

You MUST participate in class. We will have homework, quizzes, fieldtrips & class discussions through out the semester. You are expected to participate in these activities.

ALL Assignments are REQUIRED. You will NOT pass this class if you do not complete all assignments timely and accurately. If you get all A’s on your assignments that you turned in, but only turned in 20 of 40 assignments, you did not successfully complete this course!

There are NO EXCUSES for missed deadlines. If it’s not on time, it’s not graded. You will be given ample time to complete assignments before their deadlines.

Course Breakdown: You will be graded as follows:

DWG average 50% Final projects 10% Mid-term exam grade 10% Final exam grade 10% Quizzes 5% Resume & cover letter 5% Syllabus test 5% Class participation & surveys 5%Total 100%

Lesson1-A – Drafting is…

Finally, you pick up a pencil and draw it. Voila! You’ve just found out the purpose of drafting! One of the best ways to communicate one's ideas is through some form of picture or drawing, and drafting is the formal art of drawing an object.

Imagine you’re just thought of a new design for a tennis shoe. You try to explain it to your friends, but the more you say, the more confused they seem to be.

As a drafter, it is your job to determine what information needs to be shown on the image and how to portray it.

Lesson1-A – Drafting FAQ Do I have to be an artist or be able to draw?

No, drafting and “drawing” are two entirely different things. There are many highly trained drafters who can not “draw” much more than a stick figure. While it’s true that drafting is an art, it is not a requirement that you are able to “draw.” However, drafting takes a lot of time and dedication to master. The drafting program is designed to take you step by step in the drafting and design process.

Why am I drafting on a board and not a computer? Drafting concepts are best taught on a board so that you can focus on

learning the basics before you concentrate on learning the computer program. You can’t know what to tell the computer to do until you understand what it is you are doing.

What does a drafter do? A drafter draws plans for everything man-made from floor plans, air

planes, tools, highways, etc. When you graduate from the drafting program, you will be considered an entry level drafter. Your job mainly will be to make changes to drawings that have been already drawn, known as red lines or mark up drawings. Like any other profession, the pay varies, depending on location and the company you work for. Normally the pay ranges from $12.00 to $30.00 per hour depending on your experience, knowledge of programs and specialty.

Lesson1-B – Lettering It’s a fact: Many of us have horrible handwriting. (I do!)

Why is handwriting important? Imagine you misread your doctor’s directions and you take 9 pills a day, when you were supposed to take 4 pills a day. Can you see where that would be a problem? What about if the engineer misreads a dimension and builds the pieces of a bridge too short? Would you drive over it? Handwriting / Lettering is important because not only does it make your drawing look professional, but it needs to be clear and easy to read to avoid costly mistakes.

Lesson1-B – Lettering As you can see on your handout,

we need to use (mostly) straight lines and nice round letters.

Take a few minutes and look over the Lettering guide. Then, practice using the given guides.

Lesson1-C – Creating a Border The border tells the reader necessary information about the drawing such as

what the drawing title is, the drafter, when it was drawn, the revision number, the scale of the drawing, etc. ALL final drawings must have a border. Start by drawing a 10.5”x8” box (1/4” in from all sides)

10.5”

8”

Lesson1-C – Creating a Border Looking at your border, you’ll see that there is another line

along the bottom of your border that separates the text area from the drawing area. Let’s draw that one, next.

10.5”

8”

3/8”

Lesson1-C – Creating a Border

Now we need to fill in the remaining lines & text.

10.5”

8”

TITLE NAME SCALE DATE MOD%

Lesson1-D – The Line Alphabet

Question: What are all of these crazy lines I see?

Answer: We use different types of lines to denote where a feature is located and what the feature is.

When drafting, it is necessary to show all aspects of an object. Sometimes, those aspects are not immediately apparent from the outside. For example, although we can see the hole in a tire from the front view, we can not see it from the side view. In drafting, we use different linetypes to denote features like this.

Lesson1-D – The Line Alphabet A LINETYPE is the type of line used when drafting to denote a feature of an

object. The types of lines most commonly used in a drawing are as follows: (In order of Lineweight (thickness))

Cutting Plane Lines Thick and dark / 0.9mm / 2 Dashes Used for section cuts. SUPER THICK.

Visible / Object lines Thick and dark / 0.7mm / Continuous Used for all cutting planes/edges.

MUST BE THICK & DARK.

Hidden lines Thin and dark / 0.5mm / Dashed Used for cutting planes and edges

that are hidden from outside view.

Dimension, Leader & Section

Lines Thin and dark / 0.3mm / Continuous Used for dimensions, hatching, etc.

Center Lines Thin and dark / 0.3mm / 1 Dash Used to show the center of

symmetrical or round objects.

Construction/Guide Lines Thin and light / 0.3mm / Continuous Used to line up objects, lines, etc. So

light, can’t see them at arm’s length.

NOW

YOU TRY

!

Guide Lines

Center Lines

Hidden Lines

Object Lines

Dimension LinesCan you find

the Object Lines?Guide Lines?Center Lines?Hidden Lines?Dimension Lines?

Lesson1-D – The Line Alphabet

Lesson1-E – Measurement System

Method of measuring an object US Units: (Based on units of 12 –

inches, feet, etc.) Imperial / Architectural – (Fractions of an

inch – 9½”) Engineering – (Decimal inches – 9.5”)

International: (Based on units of 10) Metric – (Centimeters cm, Millimeters mm,

etc. – 9.5mm)

Lesson1-F – Drawing Scale Visually: how close or how far you are from an

object. Actually: the mathematical change in size of an object. For example, a 5” object drawn at half scale (1:2) would be 2.5” on a page. Used to fit large objects on page. Imperial / Architectural Scale – Example: ¼” means

it’s 48 times smaller than actual size. ( ¼” / 12” = 1/48) Engineering / Mechanical / Decimal Scale –

Example: 50 means it’s 50 times smaller than actual size. (1 / 50 = 1/50)

Metric Scale – 1:10 means it’s 10 times smaller than actual size. (1 / 10 = 1/10)

Lesson1-G – Standard Sheet Sizes:

Because sheet sizes vary depending on what we use them for, it’s necessary to have standard sizes. (Just like with everything else!) All use ½” margins A Size – 8.5” x 11” “Letter size” (Closest Metric

Size A4) B Size – 11” x 17” “Tabloid size” (Closest Metric

Size A3) C Size – 17” x 22” (Closest Metric Size A2) D Size – 24” x 36” (Closest Metric Size A1) E Size – 34” x 44” (Closest Metric Size A0)

MOD 1: HANDOUT “Lettering Practice”(No supplies - Done on handout)MOD 2: HANDOUT “Borders and Linetypes”(No supplies - Done on graph paper)MOD 3: HANDOUT “Measuring Scales”(No supplies - Done on handout)

Lesson1 – Review Exercises

Lesson 1 – THE END