c five colors using functional-mrirecognition brain wave

6
International Society of Life Information Science(ISLIS) NII-Electronic Library Service InternationalSociety ofMfeInformation Science{ISLIS) 366 Jnvotltita,rmatiormatSloaeetyorUVbl Salance(Lsuop J.intl.Soc.Lipbifo.Sci, VbL22,No,2,September2et)4 ICMBS joint with The Eighteenth Symposium on Life Information Science August26-29, 2004,VbnseiUniversity. Seeut, Koreaass C - Using onsciousness and Functional-MRIRecognition of FiveColors and Brain Wave Measurements - Ybshihiro UEDA, Kollei HAYASHI, Kyoichi KUROIWA, Naoki MIYOSHI, Hitoshi KASHIBA and Daisuke TAKEDA Dept.qflViysiolog}l Kansai College ofOriental Medicine ( Osaka, lapan ) Abstract : The colors of the five-element color tableinOriental rnedicine were the starting point forthis study. There are psychological reports in which a surrounding color is shown to be able to affect a person's mental condition, and a report in which a color isshewn to be able to be distinguished by a blin dfolde d person using his hands or forehead for sefising. Considering these phenomena, we exarnined how the differences of color would relate to the consciousness and recognition process of a color, Information on electromagnetic waves (light) received in the retina is perceived in the first Sensory receptive field of the occipital lobe while distinguishing each color (color degree) by its brightness. After this, the information is processed inthe 18th and 19th fields of the occipital lobe forsecondary sensing, and recognition ismade from each particular color's information. These fields aTe considered to be where visual information has been formed as the person developed and grew, and based on the information developed and memorized through interactions with the surrounding environment and the person's lifestyle duringthe growth process, a color is recognized. Color recognition is considered to appear as a relationship to a color which is peculiar to a race. Keywords : FiveColorsinthe Five-element Theory,Consciousness, Recognition, f -MR I , E E G 1, Introduction There are two concepts in traditional Orienta1 medicine; one isthe Yin and Yang Theory which dually explains natural phenomena as "Yin and Yang,"and the other is theFive-element Theorywhich explains them as five elements of "wood, fire, earth, meta1 and water", Based on the thought of "unity between heaven and man" which means that phenomena of human life are controlled by the same forces as natural phenomena, the human body isalso considered as the aggregate of the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water; each internal organ is considered to correspend to one element; and the function of each internal organ and the features of physiological and pathological functions of humans are explained as the Yin and Yang Five-element Theory. ])'2) The five-element color table in which colors of blue,red, yellow, white and black respectively correspond to one element, has a Ieading role in the theory,and the relation of each element and the progress of changes are easy to ebserve. In this table the meridians and collaterals ofthe hand and leg where Qi Yoshihiro UEDA, 2-11-I Wakaba, Kumatori-cho, Sennan, Osaka 590'0433, Japan. Phone +81-0724-53-8251, Fax +81-0724-53-0276,E-mail [email protected] circulates inthe body are considered to correspond to the five elements. Then the Five-element Theory was established as a basic theory fordiagnosis and medical treatment planning in Oriental medicine, and itstill continues to be utilized today, Recently, alternative medical teclmiques,such as color therapy which makes use of these color relations, psychotherapy, light-emitting therapy with light irradiation on meridian points(based on relations between meridian points, meridians and collaterals and five colors) and taping therapy using color tapes, havebeen widely utilized.3),`) It is said that a color may be seen momentarily during Zen Buddhism meditation or ordinary meditation. Itisalso reported that a color can be distinguished by a blindfolded person sen sing the color threugh the hands or forehead,and that human menta1 state can be changed by momentary recognition ofa color. Ms. Helen Keller was said to have discriminatedthe degree of color from the warmth of the color on theskin. The great writer Goethe presented a color theory based on human sense, which referred to the physiological color theory and the physical color theory, and he took a critical attitude toward the electromagnetic wave color theory advocated byNewton. The above-mentioned facts brought us to think that there would be a physiological new phenomenon which has not been solved yet by Occidenta1 science as far as

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International Society of Life Information Science(ISLIS)

NII-Electronic Library Service

InternationalSociety ofMfeInformation Science{ISLIS)

366 Jnvotltita,rmatiormatSloaeetyorUVbl Salance(Lsuop J.intl.Soc.Lipbifo.Sci, VbL22,No,2,September2et)4ICMBS joint with The Eighteenth Symposium on Life Information Science August26-29, 2004, Vbnsei University. Seeut, Koreaass

C- Using

onsciousness and

Functional-MRIRecognition of Five Colors

and Brain Wave Measurements -

Ybshihiro UEDA, Kollei HAYASHI, Kyoichi KUROIWA, Naoki MIYOSHI,

Hitoshi KASHIBA and Daisuke TAKEDA

Dept.qflViysiolog}l Kansai College ofOriental Medicine ( Osaka, lapan )

Abstract : The colors of the five-element color table in Oriental rnedicine were the starting point for this study. There are psychological reports in which a surrounding color is shown to be able to affect a

person's mental condition, and a report in which a color is shewn to be able to be distinguished by a blin dfolde d person using his hands or forehead for sefising. Considering these phenomena, we exarnined

how the differences of color would relate to the consciousness and recognition process of a color,

Information on electromagnetic waves (light) received in the retina is perceived in the first Sensory receptive field of the occipital lobe while distinguishing each color (color degree) by its brightness. After

this, the information is processed in the 18th and 19th fields of the occipital lobe for secondary sensing, and

recognition is made from each particular color's information. These fields aTe considered to be where

visual information has been formed as the person developed and grew, and based on the information developed and memorized through interactions with the surrounding environment and the person's lifestyle during the growth process, a color is recognized. Color recognition is considered to appear as a

relationship to a color which is peculiar to a race.

Keywords : Five Colors in the Five-element Theory, Consciousness, Recognition, f -MR I , E E G

1, Introduction

There are two concepts in traditional Orienta1medicine; one is the Yin and Yang Theory which duallyexplains natural phenomena as

"Yin

and Yang," and theother is the Five-element Theory which explains them as

five elements of "wood,

fire, earth, meta1 and water",

Based on the thought of "unity

between heaven andman" which means that phenomena of human life are

controlled by the same forces as natural phenomena, thehuman body is also considered as the aggregate of thefive elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water; each

internal organ is considered to correspend to one

element; and the function of each internal organ and thefeatures of physiological and pathological functions of

humans are explained as the Yin and Yang Five-elementTheory. ])'2)

The five-element color table in which

colors of blue, red, yellow, white and black respectivelycorrespond to one element, has a Ieading role in thetheory, and the relation of each element and the progressof changes are easy to ebserve. In this table themeridians and collaterals ofthe hand and leg where Qi

Yoshihiro UEDA, 2-11-I Wakaba, Kumatori-cho, Sennan,Osaka 590'0433, Japan. Phone +81-0724-53-8251,

Fax +81-0724-53-0276,E-mail [email protected]

circulates in the body are considered to correspond to thefive elements. Then the Five-element Theory was

established as a basic theory for diagnosis and medical

treatment planning in Oriental medicine, and it still

continues to be utilized today, Recently, alternative

medical teclmiques, such as color therapy which makes

use of these color relations, psychotherapy,light-emitting therapy with light irradiation on meridian

points (based on relations between meridian points,meridians and collaterals and five colors) and tapingtherapy using color tapes, have been widely utilized.3),`)

It is said that a color may be seen momentarily

during Zen Buddhism meditation or ordinary meditation.

It is also reported that a color can be distinguished by a

blindfolded person sen sing the color threugh the handsor forehead, and that human menta1 state can be changed

by momentary recognition ofa color. Ms. Helen Kellerwas said to have discriminated the degree of color fromthe warmth of the color on the skin. The great writerGoethe presented a color theory based on human sense,

which referred to the physiological color theory and the

physical color theory, and he took a critical attitude

toward the electromagnetic wave color theory advocated

byNewton.

The above-mentioned facts brought us to think thatthere would be a physiological new phenomenon which

has not been solved yet by Occidenta1 science as far as

International Society of Life Information Science(ISLIS)

NII-Electronic Library Service

InternationalSociety of Mfe Information Science{ISLIS)

totfmat othTtenvzaatiomat Set iety ofLde a St itmce (SSUS) J. Intl, Soc. Lijle Injb, Sci. Vot 22, No.2, September2e04

ICMBS joint with The Eighteenth Symposium on Life Information Science August 26-29, 2004, Yonsei University, Seoul, Koreass

367

1

this five-color usage is concerned. In this paper, we

took up the problem of color consciousness and

recognition through our experiments using fMRI and

brain-wave measurements (EEGs) and reported studies.

We examined the colors ofa five-element color table.

2. Studycomponents

Our study had two components.

1) Thoughts on colors were extracted frorn publishedreferences, and the reasons why the five colors were

chosen were discussed in historical order.

2) A panel of three colors was shown to subjects, andthe activated state in the brain was examined using

fMRI and EEGs.

The subjects were healthy adults, Before starting thestudy, subjects gave informed consent to the experiment.

During fMRI measurements they took a quietly lying

position, and during EEG measurements they were

seated in a chair.

The three colors of red, white and blue wcre created

on a personal computer monitor, and they were shown to

the subjects, by reflecting them with a mirror. Whendifferent color degree and brightness were recognized,

observations of which part of the brain would beactivated were made by using fMRI (Eclipse 1.5T - PD250 MRI; Shimazu-Marcon Co. Ltd). The statistical

analysis ofimages was the same as formerly reported.S)These measurements were done in cooperation with

members of the Advanced TelecommunicationsResearch Institute (ATR)Brain Activity lmaging Center.An electroencephalograph (Neuropack; Nihonkoden Co.)and calculation and display software (NeurofaxEEG-9000) were used to measure, record and processEEGs. Electrodes were set on 16 spots according to the

1O/20 method of the International EEG Society.

'

paintings of four beast-shaped god images in the

Takamatuzuka burial mound. The five colors of thefive-element concept plus purple appeared in "the

twelve-crown system for official ranks" enacted byPrince Shotoku and Soga Umako in the eleventh year ofEmpress Suiko's reign (603 AD). It was modeled after

the system of Sui China of those days, and purple wasthought to correspond to the highest rank of the six

Confucian good qualities, virtue, humanity, decorum,belieC morality and wisdom. Afier Emperor Kotokuwas enthroned (647 AD), the original meanings of thefive elements were gradually lost and a green crown was

used; the colors were used merely to distinguish court

ranks. Purple has continued to be used as a noble color

to today.

3.2 fiMRIandEGGmeasurements The flMRI results of cerebral activated areas when

three colors were to the subjects are given in Figure 1,and relationships of these results are surnmarized in

Table 1. The priority of excitement intensity was

red>white>blue in the 17th field of the occipital lobewhich is said to be the first receptive field of vision.

By contrast, the excitement intensity was red<white<

blue in the 22nd field of the secondary visual area which

is said to distinguish color degrees, and only blue excitedthe third visual area. Red and white tight provokedexcitement in the 18th and 19th fields of the secondaryvisual area where visual information signals are

eonsidered to be replaced with a concrete concept, and

the excitement intensity was red< white<blue in the lOth

field of the prefrontal area. The EEG results showed

that beta wave intensity was blue<white<red in the

occipital lobe. Blue showed a more relaxing effect

when these results were processed using sensitivity

analyzing software.

4 . Conclusion

3. Results

3.1 Historicaloverview

The five-element concept first appeared in the book`L

CHUNQIU ZOUCHUAN "

written in about the sixth

century B.C. during the first half of China's Turbulent

Period, and it was completed in al]out the third century

B.C. The concept was described in the "ZHENYAN

LUN (Essay on mantra)" and "YIN

YANGYINGXIANG DALUN (Discussion on Yin and Yangrelation)" as the five-element color table, where each

color of blue, red, yellow, white and black strictly

corresponded to wood, fire, earth, metal and water. Itwas introduced to Japan with the introduction of

Buddhism in the Asuka period, and was expressed in the

As a result of showing subjects three colors and

observing their cerebral activated areas in fiMRI images,differences werc recognized in the 18th and 19th fieldsof the cerebral cortex. Infbrrnation on the

electromagnetic waves received in the retina is perceivedin the first sensory receptive field ofoccipita1 lobe while

distinguishing each celor (color degree) from brightness.After that inforrnation is processed in the 18th and 19th

fields of the occipita1 lobe in secondary sensing,

particular coloT informatien is recognized. These fieldsare considered to be the place where visual infomiatienis formed during human growth, and based on the

information developed and memorized through the

surrounding environment and experieneed lifestyle

during the growth process, a color is recognized. TherecognitiQn fbr a color is considered te appear as a

NII-Electronic

International Society of Life Information Science(ISLIS)

NII-Electronic Library Service

InternationalSociety of MfeInformationScience{ISLIS)

368 Jdwnmalofi Societyof"tiei SalamceaSUS) J. lntt, Soc, Lijie Inj?). Sci. Vot. 22, No2, September2eca

ICMBS joint with The Eighteenth Symposium on Life Information Science August 26-29, 2004, Yonsei Universitv. , Seout, Koreass

relation to a color and is peculiar to a race. On theother hand, considering references and lifestyles, it is

thought that the five colors ofthe five-element table used

for many years were decided from the idea that the threebasic colors were influenced by Ayurveda in India and

the other two dark and light colors were added under theinfluence of Yin and Yang in the Chinese Confucianconcept. The direct rays received in the eyes are

considered important in Tibetan Buddliism. It isthought perception of environmental colors brought

about the differences of these five colors; that is, the fivecolors were used differently due to the visual stimuli

obtained in the growth environment. This interests us

greatly from embryological and physiologicalviewpoints.

References

1) Manaka Y./ Shinkyuu no Riron to Kangaekata (Theory and View of Acupuneture and Moxibution) Tokyo, Japan,

Sougensha 1971 pp,86-129 [in Japanese]2) Wang P,: Huang Ti Nei Ching, Su Wen, Ling SuThe

Yellow Emperor's Manual ofCorporea] Medicine, and the

Vital Axis) Taipei, Republic ofChina, Chung Hwa Book

Company, Ltd, 1983-84 824 pp. & 296 pp, [in ancient

Chinese]3) Lu G.D, & Needam J,: Celesttal Lancets; A Histery and

Rational of Acupuncture and Moxa, Cambridge, UK. Cambridge. Uhiv. Press 1980 pp.2-1484) Indo H.: A Study of the Meridian

- Meridian Point

Effect by using Photo Signals, I. Intl. Soc. Life Infb.

ScL, 19(2): 381-388, 2001.5) Ueda Y, and Kuroiwa K.: Are

"Meridian

points" and

''Meridians and Collaterals" memorized in the brain?

J. intL Soc. Lijl, I)lfo. Slri, 19(1):138-140, 2001.'

Table 1 Explanation

First visual area (17th field)Secondary visual area (22nd field)Secondary visual area (1 8th, 19th fields)Prefronta1 area ( 1Oth field)

Prefrontal area (8th field)

Third visual area

Accepts lights, firstDiscernment ofa color

Consideration ofvisual meaning

Integration ofvisual information

(consciousness )Eyeball movementDiscernment ofa color

Red > white > blue (brightness)Red < white < blue (color degree)

Red = White

Red < white < blueWhite<blue(brightness)

Only blue

Fig 1Cerebralareasactivated by eolor

International Society of Life Information Science(ISLIS)

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工nternational  Sooiety  of  Life  工nformation  Soienoe (工 SL 工S }

  扼 跚 囲   窟一 So(iOtyのtL”b I一 撫 (ltMls)             ノ,Int’.∫oc ,L{fe’吻 .Sci.  Vot 22,ハ10.2,5魄 跏 δ¢ 厂 20の4

1CMBS  joint with  The Eighteenth Symposium  on  Life lnfermation Science

              August 26−29,2004, ronsei{ノη’v8r5 ’りア, Seou’, Korea 圃瑚

五色の知覚と認識

一脳波と f− MRI の 実験か ら 

(  ConsciOusness and  Recogtikion Of Frve Colors

           − USing fUnCtiOnal−MRI and  Brain Wave 

一 Measurernents−

   上 田 至 宏、林功栄 、 黒 岩共一、三 好直輝 、 樫葉 均 、 武 田 大 輔

(Yoshihiro UEDA , Kouei HAYASHI , Kyoichl KUROIWA

. Naoki MIYOSHI ,

       Hitoshi KASHIBA   and   DaisUke TAKEDA )

関 酉鍼灸大 学 (日 本 、 大 阪)

要旨 :東洋医学に おける五行色体表の 色に着目をした.また周りの色が人の 糊嬾 こ影響をあたえる

とい う心理学からの報告や、目隠しをした状態で 、 手や額靤 を翻 1「できるとい う報告などがあるv こ

れらの現象に着日し、色の違い が色の知覚と認識過程にどの ように関連してい るの かを検討した

  膜に入 っ てきた電瀲 の f舗 ま、 それぞれの 色 (彩度)と明度を鴎 1亅して後頭棊の 1 次感覚受容野

で知覚し、その後、彩度、 明度の情報は後頭葉 18、19野で 2次感覚の胤 數蠍 ドお こ なわれ 、 それぞれ

固有の 色情報 として認識され る 。 こ の 部位は成長に応じて視覚情報が形成され て ゆく場所と考えられ“

そ の 成長過程における周囲の環境と生活習慣とにより育まれ記憶された情報に より、 色の 認識が行わ れ

てい る。こ の 色囓 泯 族特有の 色との 関わりとして現れてい るの で あろう。

Keywords: Five Cd  s imlimbuntsim ,爵M 鬪 l  E  EG ,(      蘭攤 , Reeog面im

1.は じめに

 東淵医学には自然現象を“

陰陽”

の 二 元的に論じる陰陽

論と、自然現象を 旗 ・火 ・土 ・金 ・水”

の 5 つ の 属姓で

捉 え よ うとする五 行説の思想がある。  そ して人間の 生活

現象も自然現象と同じ現象で支配されてい る とい う“天人

合一・1}の 思  ち 、人体も木 ・火 ・土 ・金 ・水の 五要素の

集合体とみなし、身の臓腑をそれぞれの 属性に配当し、

 そ れ ぞれ 臟腑 の 働きと人体の 生理機能、病理機能の 特徴

を陰陽玉行説として 表現され るようになつ 鶴D ・2) 表

上田至宏、  関西鍼灸大学  生理学

槲 33 大阪府泉南郡熊取町若i葉 2− 1i

Tcl O724[ 53−8251   Fax O724r53−{〕276Ermil ueda −ylgBhc }rtiba. ne. jp

の 中で も中心的 役割を担っ てい の が、5 つ の色 (青赤黄白

黒)をそれぞれの要素に配当した五行色体表で 、 各種要素

の連系と変化 の 進展が観察しやすくなっ て い る。  五 行色

体表で は気が通る道とされ る手足の 経絡も五行にM 当さ

れ、東ip,{.学の診断と治療の 方針を立て る基礎理論として

確 立 され、現在に至 っ て い る。  最近で は色の これ らの 関

係を和揶 したカ ラーセ ラ ピー や心理瞭法、経穴や経絡と五

つ の色の 関係か ら、経穴に光線を当て る光線療法、カラー

テープ 等を張るテーピン グ療法などの 代替医療テクニ ッ

クがさかん に行われる よ うになっ て 来てい る。3}・4冫

 次に、座禅中や廩想中に 瞬 、 色が見えることがある と

言われてい る。  目隠しをした状態で手や額で色を翻 1亅で

きるとい う報告や嗣 瞬の 色の 認識 か ら人の 精神状態が変

N 工工一Eleotronio  Library  

International Society of Life Information Science(ISLIS)

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工nternational  Sooiety  of  Life  工nformation  Soienoe (工 SL 工S }

370

κ 儲 蠶 難撫 i無難 圃化するとい う報告もある。

ヘ レ ン ケラー女史は皮膚で色の

彩度と明度を言い 当て たとの 事で ある。  また、か の 文豪

ゲーテ は人 の 感覚をもとにした色彩論を発表し生理的色

彩論と物哩的色彩論につ い て論及し、ニ ュートン以来の電

磁波的な色彩論に榊 1を加えてい る。

 以上の ようなこ とか ら、これ ら五 つ の 色の 使われ方に は

西洋 の 科学 で はまだ解明されて い ない 新しい 生理的な現

象があるの で はない かと考えた。  今回、tLmu{1 と脳波

(FIIrr・)を使 っ た 実験と文默などから、 色の 知覚と認識の

問題を取り上げ五行色体表の 色にっ い て考察を加 え る。

2 .実験方法

   検討は 2 つ の 力怯からなる。1、文漱等から、色に

関する考え方等を抜粋 して五つ の 色が選ばれた理出を時

代を追っ て考察す る。  2、実験として は被験者に 3 色の

パ ネル を提示しその 時 の脳の活動状態を f」MRI とEFalr・で検

討した 。

 t’LMRI と臓 }の測定  : 被験者は健常成人を対象に 、

測定開始か ら終 ∫まで安静仰臥位で 9」MRI の 測定を、 EEG

は座位で別 々 に測定をお こ なっ た。測定開始前には被験者

から実験参加 へ の 同意 (イン フ ォー

ム ド・コ ンセ ン ト)を

得嵐

  赤、白、青の カ ラーをパ ソ コ ン モ ニ ター上 に作成し、

鏡を用い て被験者に提示 し、それぞれ違っ た彩度と明度を

見たとき脳はどの ような部位が賦活するの かを、fAPtll装

置 麟   跏 i醐 一駲 1)鞭

っ て観察した。画像の 統計解析等}鵡 以前の 報告と同 じで

ある。5) なお この測定は国際電気通信基礎技術研究所

頓 R)脳活動 イ メージ ン グセ ン ターにて ATR 職員の協力

の もと行なわれた。

 EEG の測定 ・記録 ・処理には 臼本光電製、 脳波計

( Nettropack) と計算と表示 ソ フ ト ( NeumfaxEE

G − 9000 )を使用した。電極は匡  脳波学会基準の 10

− 20 法に従っ て、鴿 1・16 ヵ所にセ ッ トした.

3.結果

1) 文賦的には 五行思想が現われるの は紀元前 6世紀

ごろの春秋時代の 春秋左伝か らで ある。その 後、紀元 3世

紀頃の戦国時代に完成され、五行色体表としで記載される

の は真言論と陰陽応象大論でそこ で は 5色は青赤黄白黒

が木火上金水に厳格に配当さ才vc い る。

  口本に入 っ て きた の は飛鳥時代の 仏教伝来で 入 っ てき

たもの と考えられて お り、 高松塚古墳の 4獣神や推古天皇

11年 (603 年)に聖徳太子 や蘇お馮 子}こよっ て制定された

隠 立十二階』に五行思想の もと 5色と紫で あらわされて

い る。当時の隋の 制疲 を参考にしたもの で 、 − 行の 上に紫

を置き 、 儒教的な六つ の徳目 (徳 伝 礼、信、義、智 )

の 巾の 最上位の 徳を紫で置い たもの とい う。 この冠僚の色

は次の 天皇で ある孝徳天皇 (647年)以後の 冠位では本来

の 5行の 飜 ま薄れて 、 緑色も使材 しるようになり、単な

る位階を協 1け るもの となっ てきた。 ただ紫だけは高貴な

色として その まま現在に至 っ て い る。

2)  fLMRI、 EEGによる実験

 パ ネル 上に夙色を提示 して、脳の賦活部位をfLMR lの 実

験で観察した結果を図 1 に、その 関係をまとめて表 1に示

す。視覚の t 次受容野とい われる後頭葉17 野で の興奮強

度は赤〉 白〉 青 の順で あ っ た。 色 (彩度) の 識別をす

るとい う2次視覚野の 22野は 赤く白く青 の 関係を示 し、

3 次視覚野では青の みが興奮を示 し廴 また視覚の 意味

を考えるとい われて い る 2次視覚野の 18,19野で は赤と白

が興奮を示 し、前頭前野 10野では赤く 白く 青の 関係が見

られた、

 EEGの 結果は 後頭葉では青く 白く赤 の順で B波が強くな

っ た これを感性解析ソ フ トで見 ると育の 方が リラ ッ クス

効果が 高か っ 鵡

4 .考察と結論

 今回、三色を提示 して、脳の 賦活部位をfL岡U の 実験 で

観察した結果、 大脳皮質の 18、19野でその違い を認め島

網膜に 入 っ て きた電磁波の 情報は、そ れぞ れ の 色 (彩度)

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International Society of Life Information Science(ISLIS)

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工nternational  Sooiety  of  Life  工nformation  Soienoe (工 SL 工S }

  伽 」耐   伽 Ib副 黝   肋 』− 8凶 moe  (ttM s,              ノ,’ノ露’.50c,Life lnfo.Sc’,   Vot 22, Ne .2, Septe〃Tbg厂2004

1CMBS  jeint with  The Eighteenth Symposium  on  Life lnforma重ion Science              August  26−29,2004,}’onsei 〔ノniversi りJ,∫eou ’,κorθα 圃

と眠度を区別 して後頭葉の 1 次感覚受容野で知覚し、その

後 、 彩度、 明度の 情報は後頭葉の 18、19野で 2 次感覚の

情報処理が お こなわ れへ それぞれ固有の色情報 と して認識

される。この 部位は成長に応じて視覚晴報カミ形成されてゆ

く場所と考えられ、その成長過程における周照の環境と生

活習慣とに より育まれ記憶された情報により、 色の認識が

行わ枕 (い る。こ の 色彩の 固有情報に、 個人の 育っ た環魔

の もと民族特 有の 色へ の かかわりが出来てきた もの と考

える。 方、文献や生括習慣を考慮すると、古くか ら使わ

れ る五行色体表 の 色はイ ン ドでの アーユ ル ベ ーダーの影

響を受けた光の :絶 が基本となり中華繖 思想の陰陽の影

響で明度と して の 濃淡2 色が入 り、5色となっ た もの と思

われるv チベッ ト仏教で は直接Rに入る直射光が重要視さ

れ、 環魔的な色に対する思い が五色で の色の配当の違い を

もたらしたと考える。

 五色の使われ方に違い があるの }よ 人が育っ た環魔の 視

覚刺激が大きく影響しており、発生学的および生理学的な

意味から興勘 宝侍てる。

)1

 

)3

)5

参考文献

間中 善雄 :針灸の理論と考え方 、 第 3 版、大

阪 、 倉1耐 pp.8〔H29 ,1971,

王 冰 :黄帝内経素問、 霊枢経 、 第 7版、 台北 、

台湾中華書局 824pp.& 296 pp.1983−84.

魯 桂珍、J.ニーダム :中国の ラン セ ッ トr 針

灸の歴史と理論、第 1版、大阪、創元社 pp 2

− 148, 1989.

1 ndou  H.:A  Stuy of the Medd  n−Meridian Point

茫瀲 tby using  Phσto S  na  , J.lntL Soc.L澁}hi().

ScL, 19(2):381−388, 2001.

上田至宏、黒岩共一

:東洋医学で言われる経穴 ・

経絡は脳の 記憶にある? エIntLS  ,L曲 姐 b.Sci,

19 (1) 二 138−140, 2001.

表   ⊥

1次視覚野(17野)

2 次視覚野(22野)

2 次襯 里予(18,19野)

前頭前野(10野)

前頭前野(8野>

3次視覚野

(英文を参照して ください )

光の 1次受け入れ

色の 翩 1亅

視覚の 意味を考える

視覚情報の統合 (知覚)

眼球運動

色の 翻 1亅

赤〉 自〉 青 (明度1

赤く白く青 (彩度1

赤冨 自

赤く自く青

白く青 (明度)

青の み

Fig t (英文を参照 してください)

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