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C ELLULAR S TRUCTURE & FUNCTION UNIT NOTES

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W EEK 6- F RIDAY 9/26 J- Bozeman- Why are cells so small video 5 facts TI- Journals Week 5 & 6 (Staple them together and make sure your NAME is on them!) CW- set up unit folder (Cover page, Essential Questions & Vocab)- DUE Mon 9/29 HW- Interactive Reader pgs 69-71

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W EEK 7- M ONDAY 9/29 J-What are the two different categories of cells? Describe how you could identify each type of cell TI- Interactive Reader pgs 69-71, Checking cover page, eqs & Vocab CW- Guided Microscope notes HW- Microscope quiz Wed Left SideRight Side 7: Microscope Labeling8: Microscope Notes

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W EEK 7- T UESDAY 9/30 J- Describe 2 different types of microscopes. Include the name, magnification, and use for each. TI- none CW- Finish guided microscope notes, Color the parts of the microscope worksheet HW- Microscope Quiz tomorrow

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W EEK 7- W EDNESDAY 10/1 J- List the steps to make a wet mount slide. TI- none CW- 10 minutes study time, Microscope quiz NO NOTES (answer on a separate piece of paper. MAKE SURE YOU WRITE WHICH VERSION YOU HAVE.) HW- none

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W EEK 7- T HURSDAY 10/2 J- You have learned about the cell before. List as many organelles as you can (minimum of 3) and describe their functions. TI- none CW-Cell Theory, Scientists & Types of cells notes HW-Bozeman Cell Organelle Flip Lesson DUE MON 10/6 Left SideRight Side 9: History of Cells Timeline10: Cell Theory & Types

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CELL STRUCTURE & FUNCTION Chapter 4

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THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Cells: is the smallest unit that can carry on all processes of life

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ROBERT HOOKE An English Scientist studied nature in 1665 using an early light microscope Studied a thin slice of cork and viewed small cubicles or cells He then studied tree stems, roots, and ferns and noticed they had the same structures

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ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK First person to view living cells His microscope was had 10x the magnification of Hookes microscope 1673, viewed the first Protists he called animalcules

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THE CELL THEORY Matthias Schleiden concluded plants were composed of cells Theodor Schwann concluded animals were composed of cells Rudolf Virchow noted that cells came from other cells These theories were combined to form the basic components of the cell theory

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THE CELL THEORY 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells 2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organisms 3. Cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells

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CELLULAR BASICS OF LIFE Microscopes help scientists clarify the definition of life All living things have several basic characteristics: Consist of organized parts Obtain energy from their surroundings Perform chemical reactions Change with time Respond to their environment Reproduce

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CELL SIZE The size of a cell is limited by the relationship of the cells outer surface area to its volume Or surface area to volume ratio As a cell grows, the volume increase faster than its surface area Why is this important???? Because the materials that the cell needs (nutrients & oxygen) and waste produced (carbon dioxide) must be able to get in and out of the cell If a cell grows in volume quicker than the surface area the volume will not be able to leave the cell properly because it has gotten too big

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PROKARYOTES Lack membrane nucleus and organelles DNA is located in the nucleoid Prokaryotes are divided into 2 domains: Bacteria and Archaea

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EUKARYOTES Have nucleus and organelles Composed of one or more cells Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells

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BASIC PARTS OF A CELL ALL Cells must have Cytoplasm Genetic information (DNA) Cell (Plasma) Membrane Ribosomes

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W EEK 7- F RIDAY 10/3 J- Types of Cells sorting activity TI- none CW- Cell organelle guided notes HW- Bozeman Cell Organelle Flip Lesson DUE MON 10/6 Left SideRight Side 11: Cell Organelles 112: Cell Organelles 2 13: Cell Organelles 314: Cell Organelles 4

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ORGANELLES Sub-cellular structures Mini Organs

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CYTOPLASM Location/ type of cell: within the cell membrane Prokaryotes, eukaryotes, & bacteria Description: jelly-like goo that holds all organelles Function: contains the fluid of the cell, cytoskeleton, and all other organelles except the nucleus

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Nucleus Types of Cells: Plants and Animals Description: Membrane bound structure Function: control center of the cell Carries coded genetic information, DNA, for regulating function and reproducing themselves

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NUCLEUS Nuclear envelope Description: contains the nucleus in a double membrane layer Function: Regulates what enters/leaves cell Nuclear pores Description: tiny protein lined holes cover the surface Function: allow the passage of RNA and materials to leave the nucleus

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N UCLEOLUS Nucleolus Type of cell: Inside the nucleus/ eukaryotes Descriptions: is the site where DNA is concentrated when making ribosomal RNA Function: makes ribosomes

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MITOCHONDRIA The Power House of the cell Organelles transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) ATP powers all the cells chemical reactions

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R IBOSOMES Type of Cells: Prokaryote & Eukayotes Description: small round organelle Located in the cytosol and on the rough ER Function: make proteins

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PLASMA MEMBRANE Type of Cell- Prokaryote & Eukaryote Description: The cells outer boundary made up of 2 phospholipid layers (bilayer) Have a hydrophilic (water loving) and hydrophobic (water fearing) layer Function: Covers a cells surface Acts as a barrier between the inside and outside of a cell (semipermeable) All material enters and exits through the plasma membrane