business plan
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TRANSCRIPT
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Table of Contents
I. Executive Summary 2II. The Industry Description
a. Target Customer 4
b. Competitors 4c. Competitive Advantage 5
III. The Companya. Company Objectives 6 b. History 6c. Primary Product 7d. Legal Organization 7
IV. The Marketing Plana. Initiatives 8b. Pricing Strategy 8c. Marketing Strategy 9d. Improvements 9e. Our Promise 10
V. The Operations Plana. Location 11b. Hours of Operation 11c. Employee Training and Hiring 12d. The Production 13e. Facilities and Equipment 15f. Suppliers 15g. FDA Regulations 16
h. Procedure Regulations 18i. Critical Risks 19j. Growth Plan 21
VI. The Management Plana. Objectives 22b. Supervisors 22
VII. The Product Plana. Product Description 24b. Qualities 24
VIII. The Financial Plana. Assumptions 26b. Pro Forma Income Statement 26c. Projected Balance Sheet 27d. Projected Cash Flow 28e. Offering 29
IX. The Teama. Launch Team Resumes 30
X. Appendices
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Opportunity NYSARC is currently shredding paper, but has no way of utilizing it and so they keep it in large
bags. We want to take advantage of this opportunity and also make use of recycled paper here at
Clarkson to make to-go boxes for our students. If we are able to successfully provide recycled to-
go boxes on campus, then we will want to expand to other nearby universities, namely Potsdam
State. Our business concept involves purchasing machines for NYSARC for the purpose of
converting recycled paper into to-go boxes. This would establish a sound foundation for the
future use of the to-go boxes on campus, which are a popular choice for carrying meals.
Industry Overview and Target Market
The target market of the “Four-U” to-go box is the students, faculty and guests of Clarkson
University and the surrounding colleges in the area. We will be in direct competition with the
current Ozzi to go boxes that are in use at Clarkson. We feel that our to go box will be far more
used than the Ozzi box due to the convenience factor the “Four-U” offers.
Economic Summary
Aramark is presently providing Clarkson University with to-go boxes from China. Not only is
shipping and transportation more expensive, but the carbon footprint the to-go boxes are leaving
is too profound. Making the to-go boxes at St. Lawrence NYSARC will not only integrate
community members in the production process, but it will also improve the environmental
impact. Because NYSARC does not have any machines that can contribute to the production
process, we need to provide everything from start to finish. Will be requesting a large sum in
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order to fund the beginning of process, and based upon our financial plan, the company will
begin to see a profit during the third year of business.
Competitive Advantage
The “Four-U” to-go box is a food box that has been made of entirely recycled paper. The paper
that has been recycled comes from all around Northern New York and has been shredded in
Massena NY by NYSARC. Not only does NYSARC shred the paper but they also produce the
to-go box themselves. During the process they use eco-friendly deinking chemicals and overall
the box has received an ERP score of 84 which is much better than the competitor boxes. Unlike
the current to-go boxes from China these to-go boxes do not travel halfway around the world but
just thirty minutes to Clarkson University.
Offering
After complete analysis of the financial plan, we determined that in order to complete our
business plan, we would need to receive about $75,000. We would request to receive the money
in the form of a grant from the state government.
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Target Customers
The goal of the “Four-U” to-go box is to provide environmentally friendly to-go boxes to college
campuses and more. The target customers of this product are the people of the campus. The first
customer is Clarkson University in which the boxes will be used for students, professors, and
visitors. From there we will expand on to other college campuses including SUNY Potsdam,
SUNY Canton, and St. Lawrence University. At these colleges they customers will again be the
students, professors, and visitors to the campus.
Competitors
The “Four-U” to-go box faces competition from the Ozzi to-go box and the current paper to-go
box. The Ozzi to-go box is a plastic reusable box that is already on campus currently being used
as an alternative to the paper to-go boxes. These green plastic reusable boxes are said to become
more prominent in the next few years with many students paying to switch over to them. But
with this happening that means that the current paper to-go boxes that are being used every day
will not be in such demand. The paper-boxes may being getting pushed out of the picture which
means that the “Four-U” to-go box is coming in at the perfect time and adds to the going green
movement.
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Competitive Advantage
The competitive advantage of the “Four-U” to-go box is that it is a renewable box. It is made of
recycled paper and after use the box can be recycled again and again. Compared to the current
paper to-go boxes it is made of recycled materials instead of brand new paper and the design of
the “Four-U” to-go box has completely sealed sides to help keep the contents warmer. Compared
to the Ozzi plastic to-go boxes the “Four-U” to-go box does not have to be cleaned every time
after use, instead it can just be recycled again and made into another new box. Not only does the
“Four-U” to-go box have both a better design and materials than the other two but it also has a
better ERP score than the other two. The current paper to-go boxes are made in China and
shipped all the way to NY for use, where they are then thrown away after being used one time.
Whereas the “Four-U” to-go boxes are locally made and only travel about twenty-five miles to
where they are used and then recycled again. The Ozzi to-go boxes have a good ERP score
except for the fact that they are plastic and making and disposing of plastic is not good for the
environment. Overall the “Four-U” to-go box is a better environmentally friendly to-go box that
is renewable and gives jobs to the community.
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Company Objectives
St. Lawrence NYSARC strives to integrate the working environment for persons with
intellectual and developmental disabilities. This is their primary mission. The company wishes
to provide individuals with such disabilities lifelong opportunities to enhance their individuality
and personal growth. If these individuals achieve this, then the goals of the company have been
met.
History
St. Lawrence NYSARC was founded by eleven individuals in the year 1959 after a group of
parents recognized the need to develop educational and rehabilitative services for their children.
Throughout the next several, they made great strives to help their children educationally,
socially, and physically. In the year 1987, the Massena working facilities became up and
running, originally made for a program of 100 individuals. Then in the later 1900’s, the program
worked towards meeting the needs of senior citizens. Over the next years, more and more
individuals were hired and put into the programs offered by St. Lawrence NYSARC. The years
of 2000 to present day brought the organization great success. More volunteers gave up their
time to help the organization and several functions have been held to help raise money for the
organization.
This organization started out small and has worked its way up to be very successful. They have
been able to help serve the community by offering incredible programs for all ages. They are
employing and helping many individuals in order to make a difference and it hasn’t gone
unnoticed. Their work is appreciated by many.
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Primary Product
Many different types of work occur at the many different St. Lawrence NYSARC facilities.
They range from cleaning old routers, to bottle redemption, to shredding legal documents, along
with so much more. In the future, the goal is to make the “Four-U” to-go box the primary
product. The process associated with this product will employee the largest sum of people and
will help better integrate the working environment. Currently, St. Lawrence serves
approximately 750 individuals and employees roughly 612 employees. With the help of the
“Four-U” to-go box, those numbers will show a sharp increase.
Legal Organization
St. Lawrence NYSARC is a non-profit organization. This is an association that conducts
business solely to benefit the general public without the motive of earning a profit.
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Initiative
Recycling plays an important role in society. Everywhere you walk, there are locations to
recycle plastics and papers. Recycling is extremely important for a promising future. Recycling
is simple; you separate your paper, plastics, and other recyclable materials in its proper location
and you never see it again. Paper is an especially important product to be recycled because in
the United State alone, Americans use more than 90 million short tons of paper and paperboard.
St. Lawrence NYSARC, a non-profit organization, shreds an average of about 43,000 pounds per
year. Unfortunately, this waste is going in a landfill. It is now time to finally recycle the product
into something useful, such as a to-go box.
Pricing Strategy
During the first few years, the price of the “Four-U” to-go box will be rather high in comparison.
This is because the cost to purchase all the equipment it steep. There needs to be a profit. After
a few years, the price will be lowered in order to compete with other options.
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Marketing Strategy
The students, faculty, and guests that are being targeted are presented with a choice. Do they
choose the option that is better for the environment or do they choose the option that maximizes
convenience? Typically, the consumer chooses a to-go box because they are in a hurry. They
don’t have time to spend on sitting down and eating. In other words they need to eat their food
on-the-go. The Ozzi boxes are a good option if the consumer has the time and energy to retrieve
a to-go box from one of the vending machines. However; that is not always a possibility. The
consumer needs to be able to have an option that is easily accessible. The “Four-U” to-go is that
option. Therefore; we are targeting the “lazy” consumer. Our to-go boxes will be easy to get,
easy to use, and easy to dispose.
Improving the Marketing Plan
As stated before, St. Lawrence NYSARC currently collects and shreds approximately 43,000
pounds of paper a year. On average, 100 to-go boxes weigh 6.74 grams. Based on our
calculations, we expect to produce 11,814 boxes a week. We expect to only sell three to four
thousand to-go boxes a week at Clarkson University. This leaves a surplus of approximately
seven thousand to-go boxes which could ultimately be sold to other schools in the area.
One idea our team has generated is to create awareness around the community. We plan on
placing containers at Clarkson University to collect recycled paper. We are hoping this plan will
generate awareness and allow even more paper to be recycled. If this plan is successful, we can
look into creating more to-go boxes and venturing to more universities.
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Our Promise
The “Four-U” to-go box is going to be a beneficial product in many different areas. Not only
will the to-go boxes be made locally, but there will be an integration of employees in the
Massena-Potsdam area. This eco-friendly product will reduce space in a landfill while inspiring
others to continue the recycling process and find out more ways they can use their materials
through our awareness programs. Our to-go box may be one small step towards going green, but
it has a lot to hold.
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Location
The facility where the machinery will be placed is located in Massena, NY. The facilities are
located approximately 21 miles away from Clarkson University’s campus. In a car, this is about
a 30 minute trip. The facilities are reasonably located among all the suppliers and consumers.
The St. Lawrence NYSARC facilities receive recycled paper from governmental agencies,
hospitals, and other companies around the area. The to-go boxes will be transported relatively
close, to Potsdam, NY.
Hours of Operation
The employees working for St. Lawrence NYSARC, specifically in the to-go box making
processes, will be working one shift a day. This shifts lasts six hours. In addition to working the
six hours each day, each employee will receive a 30 minute lunch break and two 15 minute
breaks scattered throughout the shift. The employees will not receive pay for their time spent on
a break. The supervisors will be working one shift a day. Their shifts last eight hours with a one
hour lunch break. The hours of the paper making process will coincide with the hours of the
employees and supervisors. Currently, it is not necessary to run more than one shift a day.
Because of this, the paper making process will only run during the one shift. If there becomes a
higher demand for the “Four-U” to-go boxes, then a second shift could be an option in increase
production. Overtime could be another possibility as well. The amount of demand present will
determine which option is better.
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Employee Hiring and Training
In order to ensure mechanical accuracy, the hiring of an engineer must take place. This engineer
can be hired as a part-time employee. They will be in charge of fixing the machinery and
making sure the process is running smoothly. They will also be in charge of training the
supervisors. It’s important that the supervisors understand of the machinery is operated in order
to help direct the employees in day-to-day operations. After the engineer trains the supervisors
properly, both the engineer and the trained supervisors will participate in the training of the
employees. This will be a length process and will consist of several days.
There is currently a bottle redemption center and a router cleaning center located within the
Massena facilities. In order to implement the to-go box process, St. Lawrence NTSARC will
have to fire additional employees and supervisors. They will need to hire approximately 15
additional employees and 10 additional supervisors. This will allow all three centers to continue
to run at an effective rate.
In addition to hiring an engineer, additional employees, and additional supervisors, St. Lawrence
NYSARC will hire a driver. This employee will transport the “Four-U” to-go boxes from the
Massena facilities to Clarkson University. We will purchase a truck for them to drive the to-go
boxes from one location to the next.
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The Production
The process of converting the recycled paper into the to-go boxes in a lengthy process, involving
several different machines.
The recycled paper enters the facilities by truck. This paper comes in all shapes and sizes with
all different types of information on it. The first step to the process is shredding the paper.
Employees will be removing staples, paper clips, and other items that cannot enter the shredder.
After those have been removed, the paper will be fed into the shredder. The specific shredder
that will be purchased will produce confetti-like pieces at the end of this process.
After the paper has been shredded, it will move on a conveyer belt into the paper pulper. Here
the shredded materials are mixed and beat until they form a paste, known as paper pulp.
However; the information that is currently on the documents must be removed. Because of this,
chemicals will be added to the paper pulper to de-ink the shredded materials of any and all
information printed onto them. This will create a single colored paper pulp.
The pulp is transferred to a refiner by another conveyor belt. In this machine, the fibers in the
paper pulp are strengthened in order to rejuvenate and refine the paste.
Once the fibers have been restored, the paper pulp leaves and refiner and enters the molder by
another conveyor belt. In the molder, the pulp is placed into the to-go box mold and dried into
its final shape.
The last conveyor belt connects the molder to the final destination for the to-go boxes. At this
final destination, employees with be there to collect and package the boxes. Approximately 200
to-go boxes fit into a single cardboard box into to be shipped. The employees will stack to-go
boxes into stacks of 100 and place the stacks into plastic bags used for shipping. Then two sets
of bags will be placed into a box used for shipping.
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After the to-go boxes are packed then can enter one of two processes. If there is a demand for
the to-go boxes at the time, they will be loaded onto the truck and shipped to Clarkson
University. If there is little to no demand at the time, they will be stored in a specific spot
located within the Massena facility.
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Facilities and Equipment
As stated previously, there are currently three different types of operations occurring within the
Massena facility. The bottle redemption and router cleaning center will need to be minimized in
order to fit the machinery required for this process.
In order to make this possible, St. Lawrence NYSARC will have to purchase four different
machines and multiple conveyor belts in order to connect the machinery. The four machines
needed are the shredder, the pulper, the refiner, and the molder. Then four different conveyor
belts, ranging in size, will be purchased in order to connect the four machines to each other, and
the machinery to the final packaging location.
Suppliers
The majority of the machinery, such as the paper pulper, the refiner, the molder, and the
conveyor belts will be purchased through Alibaba. The shredder will be purchased from a
separate company. For this, we will be using Engineering Supply Company.
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FDA Regulations
In order for the “Four-U” to-go box to be in use, it must meet several qualifications set by the
Food and Drug Administration. The materials used to make the to-go boxes come into multiple
chemicals throughout the production process. In order to produce a safe product, the finish good
must meet all requirements set.
The FDA sections that the to-go must obey include: 21 CFR 174-179, 21 CFR 186, 21 CFR 181,
and the threshold of regulations exemptions. These sections discuss the process, the chemicals,
and the facilities involved in the food container process.
Based upon these sections, the to-go box has to be approved by the Food and Drug
Administration. During the approval process, a committee will check the finished good and the
process for specifics.
Addictive used in the production process may not come into contact with the product materials
for an extended period of time.
Any substance not part of the product material can come into contact only for its intended use.
Under positive manufacturing practices, the only articles that can come into contact with the
product include: substances recognized as safe to be in or on food, substances recognized as safe
for their intended use of packaging, and substances used in accordance to their prior approval.
Because the to-go box would be used with the purpose of carrying aqueous and dry food, there
will have to be standards met for both types of food. Different regulations are put into place for
different substances.
In addition to the previously mentioned regulations, all ingredients in the finished product must
be affirmed by GRAS. In other words, no ingredient should be harmful to human health.
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In order to be approved, the company must contact FDA. The company must submit a food
contact notification to the FDA. In the first phase of this process, a committee will meet to
discuss the basic data and information regarding the process, the product, the materials, and the
possible harmful substances. After this, phase two begins. In this phase, a team will evaluate the
product and process safety. If everything goes accordingly, the containers will be approved.
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Procedure Regulations
A 24 hour composite sample of the final effluent will be collected during any day in which the
pulping plant is operating during the first month of each quarter of a given year. If No
measurable concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and no measurable concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDF
can be detected in the final effluent for the last three consecutive months, then one 24-hour
composite sample of the final effluent will be collected annually during any day in which the
chlorine bleaching plant is operating, with a minimum of 350 days between any sample
collection.
If there are measurable concentrations of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and no measurable concentrations of
2,3,7,8-TCDF, an operator may commence the monthly sampling each month for at least twelve
consecutive monthly samples. The operator can then proceed to the quarterly sampling and if the
conditions required for quarterly sampling exist then the operator can proceed to annual
sampling referred to in item.
Another test to determine if the product is safe is the Absorbable Organic Halides Test. The
AOX test measures organic (carbon-based) compounds that have halides attached and that
absorb, or stick, to an activated carbon filter. Halides are highly reactive elements in the halogen
family: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. These elements bond easily with organic
substances, allowing quick entry into the environment and the food chain. Because chlorine is by
far the most common halide present in a pulp mill, the AOX test essentially measures chlorinated
organic compounds, also called organ chlorines.
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Critical Risks
While this plan has a strong potential of becoming very successful, there are some risks that
should be accounted for. While all of these risks could occur, the likelihood of each critical risk
varies.
The first risk that must be considered is that the “Four-U” to-go box may not be accepted into the
market. Currently, ARAMARK purchasing to-go boxes from a rather inexpensive supplier.
They have had a producer-consumer relationship for a great deal of time. Companies may not be
willing to branch out and work with a new supplier.
If the to-go boxes are not accepted into the market, income may come at a slow rate. If the sales
revenues are considerably low, the annual income for St. Lawrence NYSARC will be below the
wanted amount.
Also, if all the machinery is put into the Massena facilities, there may not be room for all the
stations and jobs currently in the facilities. The machinery required takes up a lot of space in the
facilities. The bottle redemption and router cleaning services will have to be minimizes and,
potentially, removed in order to fit the machinery required to produce the to-go boxes.
The annual average amount of paper received by St. Lawrence NYSARC is constant. If this
number remains constant, the project may not be able to expand to other universities. One of the
goals of this project is to expand to other universities in the upcoming years. However; if St.
Lawrence NYSARC does not receive more paper each year, the amount they are able to produce
will remain the same, eliminating the idea of branching to several schools in New York State.
A very important critical risk is not meeting the Food and Drug Administration requirements.
The requirements set by the FDA may not be reached by St. Lawrence NYSARC. The facilities
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are rather old, and may not contain the proper infrastructure. Also, the process must be approved
by the FDA. This will be a lengthy process.
Lastly, another critical risk that must be taken into consideration is the use of chemicals during
the entire process. Hopefully, the clients will be operating the majority of the machinery and
process. They must be able to handle the strong chemicals associated with each step of the
process. Training sessions will have to occur in order for the clients and the supervisors. The
supervisors will need extra training in order to know how to use each chemical and what to do in
case of an accident. Additional time will have to be set aside for this training to occur.
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Growth Plan
Although we have a stable base for our business, there are always ways to make improvements.
Looking into the future of a young business is very exciting because there are endless
possibilities to expand from.
First of all, there’s a total of four universities in St. Lawrence County including Clarkson, SUNY
Canton, SUNY Potsdam and St. Lawrence University. Ranging from 2,400 to 3,800 students (St.
Lawrence- Canton) all within 20 minutes of each other. Within a few years of launching “Four-
U” To-Go Boxes, we would like to see an amplification in products and services taken to these
other universities.
This would overall bring in more paper to recycle which would not only allow us to create more
boxes, but bring in a larger profit. If more paper was brought in and more products were being
made we would need to further update and expand facilities along with bring in more workers.
To do this, we would need more machines to process the shredded paper, turn it into pulp and
form it into boxes. With space limitations we would need to increase the size of our workspace to
allow these machines and workers to be able to do their jobs.
The second way we could evolve our company would be creating new products that would be
easily manufactured with the same machines and also delivered to the schools. Products
including soup containers and cups. Both to these ideas would make our business well-rounded,
offering more of a variety of recycled paper based products in the dining halls.
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Objectives
The ultimate goal of the St. Lawrence NYSARC project is the creation of new jobs that would
integrate the working environment. Our plan calls for the hiring of 15 new employees. Since St.
Lawrence NYSARC has other locations, the new employees could be transferred from other
locations to the Massena plant or they can be hired. In addition to the new employees, we would
also recommend hiring 5 new supervisors. These supervisors would watch over the employees
and make sure the productions process runs smoothly, such as helping out with some of the more
difficult tasks and fixing any issues that occur during the process. NYSARC currently has a ratio
of 1 supervisor to every 3 employees, and we will continue this ratio.
In addition to new employees and supervisors, a new engineer/technician would be hired. Their
job would be to maintain and keep the machines in running order. They would become an expert
with the paper pulping equipment at the plant and have the knowledge of running all of the
machines. They would also be tasked with training the supervisors and employees to use the
equipment.
Supervisors
For the supervisors, additional training will be needed in order for the employees to be proficient
and knowledgeable with the new paper pulping equipment. Because of St Lawrence NYSARC’s
previous experience in paper shredding, the new shredder that will be purchased will not require
much employee training. In addition to the new shredder there will also be a molder, pulper,
refiner, and conveyer belts. All of these machines have never been inside of NYSARC’s facility
before. This means that we will have to train the supervisors how to work each of these
machines. Although they do have some dangerous qualities, all of the machines are easy enough
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to understand and operate so there should not be any difficulties in training the current
supervisors. The training process should be quick, lasting no more than couple weeks, and the
plant should be up and running quickly after the equipment has been installed.
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Product Description
The “Four-U” to-go box is a box we constructed as a team to act as an efficient container for
meals, which students will utilize when they are on the go. It is made completely of recycled
paper products, which we plan to collect from the current paper providers and around campus in
our specialized recycle bins. The “Four-U” to-go boxes will also be discarded in a convenient
area much like the ones already in place of the existing to-go boxes. We designed the “Four-U”
to-go box with the purpose of an optimal closing mechanism in mind. As a result, we constructed
the box so that it would have bumps similar to the Ozzi box to give it a tight close, trapping in
the warmth of the food to combat the cold air. The design requires that the bottom lip is slightly
larger than the top lip. Because of this design, the food can be placed into the box, the top can be
folded over, and then the bottom lip can be folded up and over the top lip. This design ensure
heated food for longer periods of time. The “Four-U” to-go boxes will be molded by a molding
machine at the end of the pulping process and then transported to Clarkson University via truck.
They will follow the current dimensions of nine inches by eleven inches. The “Four-U” to-go
boxes will look similar to the current to-go boxes used on the Clarkson campus. However; the
sealed edges make them an even better option.
Qualities
There are two to-go boxes currently in use on campus, the traditional paper made box which
folds over to close and the Ozzi box, which is made of plastic. The traditional to-go box has two
slits cut into the bottom half in which to insert the edges of the top half to complete the folding
mechanism. The main problem with these boxes is that they don't always close, and foods such
as stir fry and pasta will make the bottom extremely hot and soggy. The Ozzi to-go box, although
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environmentally friendly, is a hassle to use because it requires you to carry it around for all of
your meals and if you lose it you will have to purchase a new one; it is more practical to just
have your to-go box handed to you with your meal and be on your way. The “Four-U” to-go box
is made completely from recycled paper products, so as long as there is no food residue it can be
recycled again. This makes it both convenient and environmentally friendly. It will also have the
opportunity to gradually expand to other universities based on its success at Clarkson University.
The sealed edges also make the box a primary option. The food will remain warm for a longer
period of time. Consumers will not feel rushed to finish their meal. Instead, they can take their
time and their food will still be warm. This quality is one of the most important. While it is
important to have a to-go box that is environmentally friendly, the box should meet a specific set
of standards for the consumer.
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Assumptions
For the financial plan we are assuming some numbers in order complete the financial statements.
We are assuming that for the first five years we sell 200,000 boxes a year. There is a fixed cost
of goods sold of $1,000 and a fixed operating expense set at $35,000. The depreciation expense
is also fixed at $1,680. We also assume that the variable operating expense is $6,000. For the
equipment, our total cost was $42,000, and that’s including the shredder, pulper, refiner,
conveyor belts, and molder. In order to make a profit, we set the price for the boxes at $0.35 a
box. With our Four-U to-go box set at 35 cents it makes the first year of business a profitable
year. This is a 20 cents increase in price compared to what ARAMARK pays now for the boxes.
So from a competitive nature, that’s a disadvantage for our Four-U to-go box. If the plan runs
smoothly, we plan on lowering the price in later years once the majority of the debt has been
paid. Lastly, we are assuming that we are receiving the money for the equipment in the form of
a grant.
(See Figure 1 in Appendix)
Pro Forma Income Statement
The income statement starts with the projected sales, so after selling 200,000 boxes at 35 cents
per unit, it’s a total of about $70,000. We assume that stays the same throughout the five years.
Next the cost of goods sold totals $27,000 after the variable cost of goods sold is added to fixed
cost. This totals in a gross profit of $43,000. The total operating expenses comes to $42,680
including fixed and variable operating expenses and depreciation. These costs drive the price
for each unit. When the cost of goods sold and the operating costs are added together and are
then divided by the unit sales, it will cost approximately $0.348 to make a unit. Therefore we
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need to charge at least $0.35 to make a profit. After the gross profit of $43,000 and expenses at
$42,680, results in a $320 operating income. We assume there is no interest earned and no taxes
paid, so the total net income is $320. If we assume that everything stays the same for five years
that would be a profit of $1,600. This is a minimum profit, it leaves room for the business to
expand and grow to selling more boxes and making a bigger profit.
(See Figure 2 in Appendix)
Projected Balance Sheet
The balance sheet consists of a company’s assets, liabilities and total equity, and the total assets
should equal the total liabilities plus total equity. To start with, we have 3 assets: cash, accounts
receivable and inventories. These three total assets combined to be $14,000 in total current
assets. Our fixed assets, which is the equipment, totals to $42,000. To get the total amount of
assets you subtract you accumulated depreciation, of $1,680, to get a total of $54,320 for total
assets. For liabilities we have both accounts payable and accrued expenses, for accounts payable
the total is $17,500 and accrued expenses is $21,000. This gives us a total of $38,500 for total
current liabilities. For the equity account on the balance sheet we have $15,820 for retained
earnings which is also the amount for total equity. These two numbers gives us a total of $54,320
for Total debt and equity. This shows that the total assets equals the total debt equity showing
that our numbers are correct and we balance the accounting equation.
(See Figure 3 in Appendix)
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Projected Cash Flows
For the project cash flows part of the financial plan, it shows all the money transactions and the
“cash” flows during the year. The cash flow statement starts with operating income and
depreciation, giving us $2,000 a combination of our $320 income and the given depreciation
value. The $2,000 is now our new adjusted income. Accounts receivable and inventories are both
debits and add to a total of $10,500. Accounts payable and accrued expenses are transferred from
the balance sheet and total $38,500. When you subtract the $10,500 from the $38,500 you get
$28,000 which is the net cash flow for working capital. Finally you add the $2,000 for adjusted
income, getting $30,000 for cash flows from operations.
(See Figure 4 in Appendix)
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Offering
In order to begin production, the equipment must be purchased. This is a costly task. Because of
this, we are requesting $75,000 be taken in the form of a grant before production begins. This
money will be used in order to purchase any all equipment and operating costs for the first few
years. If the total sum cannot be reached in the form of grant, we recommend that a grant is
accepted and a loan is taken out. However; if this money is received in the form of a loan, this
project is not a financially smart option. The annual income will not be able to pay back the loan
for over 250 years. If a grant is not an option, this project is not viable.
29
Emily Gibbons1003 Gill St.
Chittenango, NY, 13037 United States(315)-456-8338
EDUCATION CLARKSON UNIVERSITY Potsdam, NY United StatesBachelor of Science in Engineering and Management, May 2017 3.75 GPA Class of 2013 Scholar Engineering and Management Society Member Tour Guide Peer Educator CUSA Senator Freshman Project
CHITTENANGO HIGH SCHOOL Chittenango, NY United StatesHigh School Diploma, June 2013 Captain of the varsity soccer, volleyball, and lacrosse team. Vice President of the Class of 2013 Headed many clubs on campus. Received the Clarkson Leadership Award.
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE North Pole Ice Cream Chittenango, NY United StatesAssistant Manager Apr 2010 – present Manage staff, preparing work schedules and assigning specific duties. Determine staffing requirements, and interview, hire and train new employees, or oversee those
personnel processes. Perform sales floor work, such as greeting/assisting customers, stocking shelves, or taking inventory.
O'Brien and Gere Syracuse, NY United StatesJob Shadow Opportunity Jun 2012 – Jun 2012 Met with several different employees to learn about their education and careers. Experienced first-hand knowledge of company procedures. Was given the opportunity to observe and learn about many projects.
CH2MHILL Syracuse, NY United StatesJob Shadow Opportunity May 2011 – May 2011 Participated in company meetings. Met with different employees to learn about their projects. Primarily focused on the Save the Rain Project. Learned company procedures
TECHNICAL SKILLS Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Project MatLab Computer Program SAP System
Francesca Bartimole30
201 Irving St.Olean, NY 14760
Objective: A summer 2014 internship in Engineering and Management to explore options in the field and apply initiative, focused personality and confidence to perform well.
Education Clarkson University- Potsdam, NY GPA: 3.278 Academic Standing: Sophomore May 2017 Major: B.S., Engineering & Management Dean’s List-Fall 2013 Jamestown Community College-Olean, NY Dean’s ListOlean High School – Olean, NY
GPA: 96%
Relevant Experience Engineering and Management Projects
• Technological Entrepreneurship Spring 2014 o Perform research and design a to-go box out of shredded paper o Partner with adults with special needs to complete production o Supply ecofriendly, sanitary to-go box to Clarkson University
• Team Based Design and Innovation Fall 2013 o Demanded teamwork and collaboration o Worked on a real world problem o Learned marketing techniques and performed sales pitch for product Jamestown Community College Spring 2013
• Administrative Intern, Counseling and Career Planning Center o Designed PowerPoint for Advisement Preparation Sessions for new students o Revised PowerPoint for transfer students
o Managed a program event to reach out to current students for early registration Young Scholars Program—Clarkson University
Summer 2013 • Solved a hypothetical climate problem using Engineering, Social Network, Ethics and Sustainability theories
Dance Arts, 2011-2013 • Assistant Instructor o Demonstrated and executed technique to young students in a fun, effective way • Project Lead The Way-Intro to Engineering & Design, Civil Engineering 2009-2012 Gained experience in Revit Architecture and Auto CAD
Achievements • Clarkson Achievement • National Honor Society
193 Waters Rd.Greenwich, NY 12834
31
WHELDEN GRAZIANO
ObjectiveTo obtain a part time job or internship and use my good work ethic and skills to gain experience in the work industry.
Skills & Abilities
Hard working and intelligent thinker
A perfectionist, everything needs to be done right
Good with modeling programs like CAD or Creo.
Good decision maker and leader.
ExperienceClear Water Pools
2013-Present
Learned about working for a company and learned hardworking skills installing pools and working for this pool business.
Working for family
2000-2014
Worked many jobs under family members and these jobs taught me many life lessons and hardworking skills.
EducationGreenwich Central School
Graduated from school with straight A’s GPA and learn all the skills needed to succeed in life and go to college.
Clarkson University
Studying Engineering and Management, plan to graduate in 2018 and hope to learn all the skills needed to be a successful engineer.
ReferencesBob Sheridan
518-692-9592
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Jonathan Parker10 Clarkson Ave, Potsdam, NY 13676 Home: 9787329993 - Cell: 9787329993 - [email protected]
Career Focus
Detail-oriented student with strong technical skills and the ability to learn concepts quickly. Previous work experience: landscaping and cashier at supermarket.
Summary of Skills
Computer proficient Collaborative team memberCooperative team member Attention to detailMicrosoft Office, Excel, PowerPoint proficiency Excellent analytical skillsQuick learner
Education and Coursework
Bachelor of Science : Engineering and Management, 2017Clarkson University - Potsdam, NY, USA
Experience
Presenting: Demonstrated strong communication skills through demonstration of product design.Research: Researched and developed a medicine ball rack which resulted in a business opportunity.
Work History
Cashier: June 2013 to August 2014, Demulas Supermarkets - Nashua, NH
Extra-Curricular Activities
Team Member
High school soccer JV to Varsity 4 yearsCollege intramural and club soccer 1 yearSki club 5 years
Leadership
Tae-Kwon-Do 8 years
33
Tori Sailor135 Mountain Rd. Weare, NH 03281
Phone: 603.475.9572 E-Mail: [email protected]
ObjectiveTo acquire an internship, in the field of Engineering and Management where I can utilize my technical ability, educational background, and leadership skills while adding value to the company.
Education
August 2013 – Present
Bachelors of Science, Engineering and Management
August 2009 - June 2013
Experience
n Technological Entrepreneurship o Research and design a to-go box made of recycled paper
o Work with adult special needs employees to create a process they can complete
o Create eco-friendly to-go boxes for Clarkson University
n Team Based Design and Innovationo Create teamwork and collaboration amongst members
o Solve real world problem
o Learned marketing techniques
o Sales pitch for project
Skills, Activities, and Interests
Clarkson University Women’s Soccer August 2013 – Presento Participated and created numerous community service activities
Technical Skills
o Microsoft Office, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Power Point, CREO
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Wesley Carothers2775 Royal Crest Dr.
Midlothian, VA 23113 United States(720)-251-0374
EDUCATION CLARKSON UNIVERSITY Potsdam, NY United StatesBachelor of Science in Engineering and Management, May 2017 2.55 GPA Lacrosse Team Freshman Project
FAIRVIEW HIGH SCHOOL Boulder, CO United StatesHigh School Diploma, May 2013 Captain of Varsity Lacrosse team 3 year varsity letter for lacrosse 2 year all conference honorable mention Senior year 1st team all-conference 2 year Future Business Leaders of America member 2 year Latin club member 1 year Fellowship of Christian Athletes member
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Boulder Valley Lacrosse Association Boulder, CO United StatesAssistant Coach Feb 2009 – Jun 2013 Managed schedules Organized practices Coached kids
Sacred Heart of Mary Boulder, CO United StatesCamp Counselor Supervised activities Taught classes
TECHNICAL SKILLS Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Project MatLab Computer Program CREO Parametric
Sean Najewski
35
Cell:716-225-9586 Email: [email protected]
Academics:Clarkson University : Enrolled as an Engineering and Management MajorGraduating class of Spring 2017
Relevant Work Experience:Engineering Internship at Moog Inc.
● Worked alongside employees on a project that sent a satellite to the moons of Jupiter
● Ran basic tests to ensure quality in the parts used on the satellite● Documented data and created spreadsheets / graphs used in management
meetings● Worked in teams to complete various tasks
Wegmans Supermarkets● Worked as a cashier and as a part of the maintenance department
Teds Hot Dogs● Current Employer●
Volunteer Work:EMW Dream League
● Worked with disabled children ages 4-16● Tought them how to play baseball and how to be a part of a team
Iroquois Intermediate School● Teachers assistant to a former teacher of mine
Appendix I
36
Figure 1
Appendix II
37
Figure 2
Appendix III
38
Figure 3
Appendix IV
39
Figure 4
Appendix V
40
ERP Analysis
As a team, our goal was to conceive a to-go box that would surmount the environmentally
responsible properties concerning the existing to-go box which is currently on campus, and that
is exactly what we have accomplished with our Four-U to-go box design. Through the utilization
of recycled paper and a convenient design we have created a more environmentally responsible
product than was previously available. We have also created an ERP matrix, with the aid of the
ERP guidelines and protocols, to support our claims through visual representation and have
provided reasoning and explanations for our data. We guarantee that the Four-U to-go box would
garner an optimal analysis from an environmental standpoint in retrospect to the existing to-go
box.
The pre-manufacturing stage involves fives topics: materials, energy, solid residue, liquid
residue, and gaseous residue. The materials that go into the “Four-U” to-go box are primarily
recycled materials. Based upon that information, we assigned materials to a number grade of
four. The energy required to transport the recycled paper to the NYSARC building is minimal
because the recycled paper sources are relatively close. This gives the number grade of three to
energy. The solid residue that is generated during the purification process is minimal, generating
a number grade of three. Liquid residue was a two because liquid residue is generated in the
purification process. Lastly, the purification process generates gaseous residue, giving the
gaseous residue section a score of three. Overall, the premanufacture stage is very good for the
environment.
For the manufacturing process of the ERP analysis covers the same topics including: materials,
energy, solid residue, liquid residue, and gaseous residue. The materials received a grade of
three, the main material is recycled paper but the chemicals used in the pulper bring the grade
41
down so materials received a medium grade. For energy, the manufacturing process requires a lot
of energy to run all the machines from recycling the paper to casting the boxes, this produces a
score of a two. Solid residue earned a grade of two, resulting from all the toxin pulp left in the
machines that is left behind and around the factory. The liquid residue scored a two, this was also
a low score for all of the chemicals used and all the toxin liquids involved. Gaseous liquids are
the same way, receiving a low grade of just one, because many harmful toxins are emitted during
the pulping process. Overall, the manufacturing process is not good for the environment.
In this project, we have to reduce the environmental stressor as much as possible to be eco-
friendly as well as a reliable company. We can do this by using recyclable packaging with
optimization of our material. This is achieved by maximizing the amount of to-go boxes per
packaging unit and not having excess space that goes to waste. There is zero use of radioactive
material or radioactive byproducts, which makes it a safe process and easily disposable.
Arrangements have not been made to our packages to use a minimal amount of material. There’s
little to no liquid residue created during packaging and transportation. Gaseous residue is
generated from trucks during the transportation of boxes. It will be minimized with purchase of
trucks with good fuel economy that meet standard emission requirements.
The main goal of the “Four-U” to-go box is to be the ultimate eco-friendly container on the
market. The product itself is a to-go box made of recycled paper that has been shredded and
formed into a safe and usable box. For the product use of the materials we gave the “Four-U” an
ERP score of three because the consumable material has been minimized and the boxes can be
recycled to be used again but must go through the whole pulping process again first. Also, the
boxes have been generated from recycled paper instead of using new paper. For the energy use, it
received an ERP score of four due to the fact that during product use there is no energy required.
42
The solid residue portion of product use scored a four as well because the product itself does not
generate other solid residues itself other than food waste material which can be put into the
compost. For the liquid residue and gaseous residue they both scored a four as well because
during product use the “Four-U” to-go box produces no liquid or gaseous residue. So overall, the
product use has a very high ERP score which is good and proves that the “Four-U” to-go box is
very eco-friendly.
Another goal of this project is to minimize our carbon footprint from start to finish. Fortunately
enough, the “Four-U” to-go boxes can be recycled many times after its initial manufacture.
Users of the to-go box will simply discard their minimal residue boxes in a convenient and
exclusive area, similar to the waste organizational system at the Student Center. This system
allows an effortless way to recycle with energy use that is not detrimental to the environment.
So, solid, liquid, or gaseous residues will not be present, deeming the refurbishing, recycling, and
disposal step of this process an environmentally responsible product.
The “Four-U” to go box has many environmentally friendly qualities that make it an attractive
alternative to what we are currently using on campus. The fact that all of the raw materials used
to create the box are from recycled paper gives the “Four-U” a good overall ERP rating. This
will also improve local work and labor, which will not only increase the longevity of St.
Lawrence NYSARC, but it will be another product not made overseas. This feature is an
attraction for Clarkson University, as well as other universities and companies in the area. The
“Four-U” to-go box is able to reduce our carbon footprint while creating jobs in our own
backyard.
Appendix VI
43
Appendix VII
44
Equipment
Shredder
Company: Engineering Supply Company
Price: $3,500
Pulper: Small Waste Paper Recycling Machinery Stainless Pulper
Company: Aibaba
Price: $8,000
Refiner: Double Disk Pulp Refiner for Paper Pulp
Company: Alibaba
Price: $5,000
Molder: Automatic Small Food Paper Box Machine
Company: Alibaba
Price: $7,500
Conveyor Belts: Chain Conveyor (4 needed)
Company: Alibaba
Price: $1,500
Shipping Truck:
Company: Auto Trader
Price: $34,000
Appendix VIII
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Operational Plan in Massena Facilities
Red: Shredder
Blue: Pulper
Green: Refiner
Orange: Conveyor
Yellow: Molder
Pink: Packaging Station
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