A). COMPUTER LAB RULES(PENGURUSAN MAKMAL KOMPUTER)

1/. COMPUTER LAB REGULATIONS.

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.

DATA

USER

SECURITY

EQUIPMENT

PANDUAN AM1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

PANDUAN PENGGUNA1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

1.2.3.4.5.6

KESEDARAN2. PENGETAHUAN3. INTERAKSI

3.2.1.

Mengubah

kepada

2/. LAB ORGANIZATION.

COMPUTER LAB TIME TABLE

ORGANIZATION CHARTSKETCH THE ORGANIZATIAN CHART !

THE USAGE ?

THE USAGE OF LOG BOOKSTUDENTS LOG BOOK1.2.3.4.5.TEACHERS LOG BOOK1.2.3.4.5.6.

WHAT IS LOG BOOK ?

TYPES OF LOG BOOK1.2.

3/. ETHICS IN USING COMPUTER.

ETHICS

UNETHICALS

THE EFFECT OF COPYRIGHT VIOLATION1.2.3.4.5.

ETHICAL USE OF COMPUTER1.2.3.4.5.6.7.

THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF COMPUTER ETHICS

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

1. 2. 3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10GUIDELINES ON THE E-MAIL AND INTERNET USAGE

ETIKA KOMPUTER

KOD ETIKA

HARTA INTELEK

JENAYAH KOMPUTER

KEBERSENDIRIAN (PRIVACY)

UNDANG-UNDANG

B) COMPUTER HARDWARE

1. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

The features of the generations of computers.

GENERATIONS YEARSCIRCUITRY DEVICESPROCESSORS

FIRST

SECOND

THIRD

FOURTH

FIFTH

12314

differentiate between a single user system and a multi user system. SINGLE USER SYSTEMMULTI USER SYSTEM

1.1.

2.2.

3.3.

4.4.

5.5.

THE FUNCTIONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMPUTERS :

B) COMPUTER HARDWARE2. COMPUTER PARTS & COMPONENTS

2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE COMPUTER STSTEMS

MAIN COMPONENTS COMPUTERS :

6. THE FUNCTIONS OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS :

DATA PROCESSING CYCLE OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

PLEASE COMPLETE THE FIGURE BELOW .

WHAT HAPPEN TO THAT UNIT ?

INPUT

PROCESS

OUTPUT

STORAGE

2.2 SYSTEM UNIT

231815791061141

i) Inside view of system unit.

ii). Front view of a system unit.

iii). Back view of a system unit.

LET SEE

FUNCTIONS OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE MOTHERBOARD.

Read Access Memory(RAM)CPU(Centre Processing Unit )

FUNCTIONS OF THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF A SYSTEM UNIT

DVD ROM DRIVEDVD / CD RW DRIVEINPUT OUTPUT PORT

POWER SUPPLYPOWER BUTTONCD ROM DRIVERESET BUTTON

ZIP DRIVEHARDISK DRIVE MOTHER BOARDFLOPPY DRIVE

No.ComponentsFunctions

1A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to a system unit so that the peripheral can send data to or receive information from the computer.

2To start on computer

3Kick of soft boot, instructing the computer to go through the process of shutting down, which would clear memory and reset devices to their initialized state. It simply removes power immediately.

4Main circuit board of the system unit, which has some electronic components attached to it and others built into it.

5Convert standard electrical power into the form that computer can use. If a power supply is not providing the necessary power, the computer will not function properly.

6A device that reads DVD-ROM, also can read audio CDs, CD-ROMSs, CD-Rs and CD-RWs.

7A device that reads audio CDs, CD-ROMs, CD-Rs and CD-RWs.

8It is a combination drive that reads DVD and CD media, it also writes to CD-RW media. This drive also allows watching a DVD or burn a CD.

9A high-capacity disk drive that reads from and writes on a Zip disk.

10A device that reads from and writes on a floppy disk

11Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that store data, instructions and information. Also called a hard disk.

2.3 PERIPHERALS

1.2.3.

PERIPHERALTYPES OF PERIPHERALSFUNCTION OF PERIPHERALS

2.4 INPUT DEVICES2.5 OUTPUT DEVICES2.6 STORAGE DEVICES

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.

PRIMARY STORAGESECONDARY STORAGE

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

BIT

BYTE

KILOBYTE

MEGABYTE

GIGABYTE

3. BASIC MANTAINANCE

3.1 HANDLING INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICE.

3.2 COMPUTER SETTING.( Refer KPM ICTL Form One Module )C). COMPUTER SOFTWARE

1. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SOFTWARE.

1.2.

1.2.

SYSTEMS SOFTWAREAPPLICATION SOFTWARE

OPERATING SYSTEMUTILITY PROGRAMME

1.1.1.

222.

3.3.3.

4.4.4.

5.5.5.

6.6.6.

777

8.8.8.

9.9.9.

10.10.10.

2.1INTRODUCTING TO OPERATING SYSTEMS.

OPERATING SYSTEMUTILITY PROGRAMME

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

1.2.

3.

5.4.

WARM BOOT

COLD BOOT

2.2 OS Interface Environment

1.2.

3.

1.2.

3.

The Differences Between Dos And Windows Display

DISK OPERATING SYSTEM (DOS)WINDOWS

1.

1.

2.

2.

3.

3.

GUI ALLOWS .1.2.3.

2.3 FILE MANAGEMANTManage Folders & Subfolder

Create FoldersRename FoldersMove Files.

MICROSOFT WINDOWS

Satu siri perisian system kendalian yang dikeluarkan oleh Microsoft. Versi pertama windows telah diperkenalkan pada Disember 1985. Sebagai tambahan kepada MS DOS sebagai tindakbalas terhadap minat pengguna pada GUI (Graphical User Interface) yang sedang meningkat. Windows membenarkan pengguna menjalankan pelbagai aplikasi bergrafik pada satu masa secara multi tugas koperatif.

ANTARAMUKA PENGGUNA WINDOWS1. Dekstop Gambar latar belakang skrin Windows. Ianya adalah keseluruhan ruang kerja anda. Dipanggil desktop kerana Windows menggunakan analog skrin dengan cara yang sama anda menggunakannya untuk permukaan meja anda.

2. Task Bar ( Bar Tugas) Sebaris bebutang yang kebiasaannya terletak di bahagian bawah Dekstop. Apabila sesuatu aplikasi dibuka, bebutang aplikasi tersebut dipaparkan pada Bar Tugas.

CONTOH : Satu Tetingkap bernama Computer yang memaparkan kandungan komputer berkenaan.

3. Ikon-Symbol grafik yang mewakili sesuatu dalam computer anda.

DEKSTOPIKONTASK BAR(BAR TUGAS)Semua versi Windows mempunyai objek atau elemen yang sama iaitu :-1. Bar Tajuk2. Bebutang Windows.

BAGAIMANA MENJALANKAN PROGRAM

FAIL DAN FOLDER

BAGAIMANA MENBINA FAIL BARU

COMPUTER SOFTWARE WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE

THE USAGE OF WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE :

1. Menjimatkan masa menyunting text.2. Boleh menambah, memadam dan menyusun semula teks.3. Boleh mengira bilangan perkataan dengan cepat, memeriksa ejaan, memasukkan Jadual, memasukkan gambar kepilan atau memasukkan gambar digital.

HOW TO START ? ARRANGE the numbers STEP BY STEP.

All ProgramsMicrosoft WordMicrosoft OfficeStart Button

FEATURES IN WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE :

SKRIN MICROSOFT WORD 2007 (YANG BIASA KELIHATAN)

4321

1516111098765

141312

1. Bebutang Office Buka menu arahan berkaitan fail dokumen.2. Quick Access Toolbar (bar alatan capai cepat)

MEMASUKKAN TEKS Terdapat 2 cara :

Menekan kekunci yang berkaitan pada kekunci. Menyalin teks dari aplikasi lain. Proses ini dikenali sebagai salin dan tampal atau copy and paste.

MEMILIH TEKS. Beberapa cara melakukannya :

1. Memilih satu perkataan Dwi klik pada perkataan tersebut atau Menyeret penunjuk tetikus ke atas perkataan yang akan dipilih.

2. Memilih satu baris Klik pada Bar Kawalan ( ruang putih kosong di kiri baris yang akan dipilih ) atau Menyeret penunjuk tetikus di atas baris tersebut.

3. Memilih satu perenggan Dwi klik pada Bar Kawalan atau Klik 3 kali pada perenggan yang ingin dipilih atau Menyeret penunjuk tetikus ke atas semua perkataan dalam perenggan tersebut.

4. Memilih semua teks Klik 3 kali pada Bar Kawalan atau Tekan Ctrl+A.

MENJAJAR PERENGGANTerdapat dalam 4 jajaran :-Sila Klik pada Bebutang berkenaan Bebutang ini terletak pada reben Paragraph di dalam Tab Home. Word akan menjajar semula perenggan yang diplilih.

1. Jajar Kiri - Align Text Left (Ctrl+L)2. JajarTengah - Center (Ctrl+C)3. Jajar Kanan - Align Text Right (Ctrl+R) 4. Jajar Kiri dan Kanan serta memberi tambahan ruang diantara perkataan jika perlu - Justify (Ctrl+J).

MEMFORMAT TEKSFormat penting sebagai satu kaedah bagaimana cara teks dipaparkan. Menukar format teks bermakna anda menukar cara teks dipaparkan.

Pilih bebutang / arahan berkenaan yang berada dalam reben Font di dalam tab Home.

BOLDCONDONGUNDERLINE1. Teks Tebal (BOLD).Ctrl+BTeks yang dipilih akan ditebalkan.

2. Teks Condong (Italic).Ctrl+ITeks yang dipilih akan dicondongkan.

3. Teks Bergaris Bawah (Underline).Ctrl+UTeks yang dipilih bertukar menjadi teks bergaris bawah.

MENUKAR JENIS FONT

Pelbagai jenis Font boleh diset dan ditukar bagi dokumen anda.

Cara cara :1. Klik pada teks untuk memilihnya.2. Pilih bebutang opsyen Font Type yang terletak dalam reben Font di dalam tab Home.3. Senarai jenis Font akan dipaparkan.4. Klik pada jenis Font pilihan anda. 5. Hasilnya anda akan perolihi jenis teks yang baru pada dokumen anda.

MENUKAR SAIZ FONT

Pelbagai saiz Font boleh diset dan ditukar bagi dokumen anda.

Cara cara :1. Klik pada teks untuk memilihnya.2. Pilih bebutang opsyen Font size yang terletak dalam reben Font di dalam tab Home.3. Senarai size Font akan dipaparkan.4. Klik pada size Font pilihan anda. 5. Hasilnya anda akan perolihi sizes teks yang baru pada dokumen anda.

SIZE FONT

MENUKAR WARNA FONTCara cara :1. Klik pada teks untuk memilihnya.2. Pilih bebutang opsyen Font Color yang terletak dalam reben Font di dalam tab Home.3. Senarai warna Font akan dipaparkan.4. Klik pada warna Font pilihan anda. 5. Hasilnya anda akan perolihi warna teks yang baru pada dokumen anda.

MEMASUKKAN WORD ARTWord Art adalah satu program yang dikepilkan barsama Microsoft Word dan lain-lain Microsoft Office. Ia digunakan untuk membina teks berhias.

Cara untuk memasukkan teks berhias Word Art ke dalam dokumen 1. Klik pada tab Insert untuk papar kandungannya.2. Klik pada Bebutang WordArt dalam reben Text.3. Word akan memaparkan satu senarai opsyen teks berhias. 4. Klik pilihan anda.

MENUKAR STAIL WORD ARTMENYUNTING TEKS WORD ARTMEMASUKKAN GAMBAR KEPILAN (CLIPART)MEMASUKKAN GAMBARMEMASUKKAN STAIL GAMBARMEMASUKKAN BENTUK GAMBARMEMASUKKAN KESAN GAMBARMEMASUKKAN BENTUKMEMASUKKAN GRAFIK SMART ART (SMART ART GRAPHICS)MEMASUKKAN CARTAMENUKAR JENIS CARTAMEMBINA SENARAI BERPELURU (BULLETS)MENUKAR STAIL SENARAI BERPANDUMEMBINA SENARAI BERNOMBOR (NUMBERS)MENUKAR FORMAT NOMBOR PADA SENARAI BERNOMBORMEMULAKAN SENARAI BERNOMBOR DENGAN NILAI SELAIAN DARI 1.MEMASUKKAN JADUAL TIDAK BERFORMATMEMASUKKAN JADUAL MENGGUNAKAN KEKOTAK DIALOG INSERT TABLE.MEMASUKKAN JADUAL BERFORMAT.MENYUSUN TEKSMEMASUKKAN JADUAL ISI KANDUNGAN SECRA AUTOMATIK.

Ethical Use of ComputersHonesty is the underlying principle for all computer use. At one extreme, significant violations of Academic Integrity may result in penalties including dismissal from the University. More generally, common sense civility and respect for another's rights and computer property is as important to our CSE community as proper treatment of our equipment. Adapted, with permission, from Computer Literacy, by Helene G. Kershner:1. Respect the privacy of others. Do not in any way examine or change files or passwords belonging to others. Do not violate the privacy of individuals or organizations.2. Respect the integrity of the computing systems. Do not develop or use programs that invade, damage, or alter computing systems or software. Do not in any way harass other users.3. Always identify the user accurately. Never use someone else's account. Do not use fraudulent means to avoid accounting for the use of computing services.4. Respect copyrights and licenses. To copy a licensed computer program is illegal; it is indeed theft.5. Respect the intellectual property of others. Individual programming assignments are expected to be done by individual students; do not take another's work or ideas to call your own.6. Exhibit responsible, sensible use of computer hardware, software, and data. What is Computer Science?Computer Science is the systematic study of algorithmic methods for representing and transforming information, including their theory, design, implementation, application, and efficiency. The discipline emerged in the 1950s from the development of computability theory and the invention of the stored-program electronic computer. The roots of computer science extend deeply into mathematics and engineering. Mathematics imparts analysis to the field; engineering imparts design. The main branches of Computer Science are the following: Algorithms is the study of effective and efficient procedures of solving problems on a computer. Theory of Computation concerns the meaning and complexity of algorithms and the limits of what can be computed in principle. Computer Architecture concerns the structure and functionality of computers and their implementation in terms of electronic technologies. Software Systems is the study of the structure and implementation of large programs. It includes the study of programming languages and paradigms, programming environments, compilers, and operating systems. Artificial Intelligence concerns the computational understanding of what is commonly called intelligent behavior and with the creation of artifacts that exhibit such behavior. Other important topics in Computer Science include Computer Graphics, Databases, Networks and Protocols, Numerical Methods, Operating Systems, Parallel Computing, Simulation and Modeling, and Software Engineering.

Computer Ethics Ethics deals with placing a value on acts according to whether they are good or bad. Every society has its rules about whether certain acts are ethical or not. These rules have been established as a result of consensus in society and are often written into laws. When computers first began to be used in society at large, the absence of ethical standards about their use and related issues caused some problems. However, as their use became widespread in every facet of our lives, discussions in computer ethics resulted in some kind of a consensus. Today, many of these rules have been formulated as laws, either national or international. Computer crimes and computer fraud are now common terms. There are laws against them, and everyone is responsible for knowing what constitutes computer crime and computer fraud. The Ten Commandments of computer ethics have been defined by the Computer Ethics Institute. Here is our interpretation of them: 1) Thou shalt not use a computer to harm other people: If it is unethical to harm people by making a bomb, for example, it is equally bad to write a program that handles the timing of the bomb. Or, to put it more simply, if it is bad to steal and destroy other peoples books and notebooks, it is equally bad to access and destroy their files. 2) Thou shalt not interfere with other people's computer work: Computer viruses are small programs that disrupt other peoples computer work by destroying their files, taking huge amounts of computer time or memory, or by simply displaying annoying messages. Generating and consciously spreading computer viruses is unethical. 3) Thou shalt not snoop around in other people's files: Reading other peoples e-mail messages is as bad as opening and reading their letters: This is invading their privacy. Obtaining other peoples non-public files should be judged the same way as breaking into their rooms and stealing their documents. Text documents on the Internet may be protected by encryption. 4) Thou shalt not use a computer to steal: Using a computer to break into the accounts of a company or a bank and transferring money should be judged the same way as robbery. It is illegal and there are strict laws against it. 5) Thou shalt not use a computer to bear false witness: The Internet can spread untruth as fast as it can spread truth. Putting out false "information" to the world is bad. For instance, spreading false rumors about a person or false propaganda about historical events is wrong. 6) Thou shalt not use or copy software for which you have not paid: Software is an intellectual product. In that way, it is like a book: Obtaining illegal copies of copyrighted software is as bad as photocopying a copyrighted book. There are laws against both. Information about the copyright owner can be embedded by a process called watermarking into pictures in the digital format. 7) Thou shalt not use other people's computer resources without authorization: Multiuser systems use user ids and passwords to enforce their memory and time allocations, and to safeguard information. You should not try to bypass this authorization system. Hacking a system to break and bypass the authorization is unethical. 8) Thou shalt not appropriate other people's intellectual output: For example, the programs you write for the projects assigned in this course are your own intellectual output. Copying somebody elses program without proper authorization is software piracy and is unethical. Intellectual property is a form of ownership, and may be protected by copyright laws. 9) Thou shalt think about the social consequences of the program you write: You have to think about computer issues in a more general social framework: Can the program you write be used in a way that is harmful to society? For example, if you are working for an animation house, and are producing animated films for children, you are responsible for their contents. Do the animations include scenes that can be harmful to children? In the United States, the Communications Decency Act was an attempt by lawmakers to ban certain types of content from Internet websites to protect young children from harmful material. That law was struck down because it violated the free speech principles in that country's constitution. The discussion, of course, is going on. 10) Thou shalt use a computer in ways that show consideration and respect: Just like public buses or banks, people using computer communications systems may find themselves in situations where there is some form of queuing and you have to wait for your turn and generally be nice to other people in the environment. The fact that you cannot see the people you are interacting with does not mean that you can be rude to them. See http://www.ccsr.cms.dmu.ac.uk/resources/professionalism/codes/cei_command_com.html for further comments on the ten commandments.

ADDITIONAL READING:The following email message was sent to the instructor as a response to the ten commandments mentioned in this page:Your 10 commandments contradict the hackingcommunities constitution:1. We believe: That every individual should have theright to free speech in cyber space.2. We believe: That every individual should be freeof worry when pertaining to oppressive governmentsthat control cyber space.3. We believe: That democracy should exist in cyberspace to set a clear example as to how a functioningelement of society can prosper with equal rights andfree speech to all.4. We believe: That hacking is a tool that should andis used to test the integrity of networks that holdand safe guard our valuable information.5. We believe: Those sovereign countries in the worldcommunity that do not respect democracy should bepunished.6. We believe: That art, music, politics, and crucialsocial elements of all world societies can be achievedon the computer and in cyber space.7. We believe: That hacking, cracking, and phreakingare instruments that can achieve three crucial goals:a.Direct Democracy in cyber space.b.The belief that information should be free to all.c.The idea that one can test and know the dangers andexploits of systems that store the individual_sinformation.8. We believe: That cyber space should be a governingbody in the world community, where people of allnations and cultures can express their ideas andbeliefs has to how our world politics should beplayed.9. We believe: That there should be no governingsocial or political class or party in cyber space.10. We believe: That the current status of theinternet is a clear example as to how many races,cultures, and peoples can communicate freely andwithout friction or conflict. 11. We believe: In free enterprise and friction freecapitalism. 12. We believe: In the open source movement fully, asno government should adopt commercial or pricedsoftware for it shows that a government may be biasedto something that does not prompt the general welfareof the technology market and slows or stops theinnovation of other smaller company_s products.13. We believe: That technology can be wielded forthe better placement of man kind and the environmentwe live in.14. We believe: That all sovereign countries in theworld community should respect these principles andideas released in this constitution. Written by the hacking group Xanatomy.Five Unethical Uses of ComputersX

Sarah Elizabeth Sarah Elizabeth began writing professionally in 2010 for Demand Studios. She enjoys writing for eHow and has a special flare for writing about weddings and the things that go with them. Sarah has a Bachelor of Arts in English literature with a focus in American literature. By Sarah Elizabeth, eHow Contributor Print this articleA computer Computers and the Internet have given society as a whole vast accessibility and power to do much that was previously impossible. Surfing the Internet is only one such example of the many activities available through the computer. While education and communication have been facilitated, not everything about computers are positive. In fact, they harbor many unethical uses that are becoming increasingly available to the general public. Other People Are Reading Unethical & Ethical Behavior in the Workplace Ethical & Unethical Issues 1. Pornography Distribution and use of pornography has been greatly facilitated with the use of the computer. Not only is the use of adult pornography widespread with the use of computers, but so is child pornography. Child pornography is one of the most, if not the most, unethical uses of the computer today.Cyber-bullying Bullying online is another form of unethical computer use. It is widespread and getting increasing coverage in the media as it becomes a larger problem. Sitting in front of a computer screen takes away the need to bully and harass someone in person and thus makes even worse actions and harassment possible. Additionally, the use of social networking on the computer as a tool for cyber-bullying is growing. Plagiarism Plagiarism is another unethical use of the computer. By going online, it is becoming increasingly easy to find material for plagiarism. The computer also facilitates writing articles through plagiarism by the use of writing programs and simply copying and pasting the words onto a document and taking credit for the work.Cheating Cheating in relationships is made easier through social networking online or the use of emails. Everything is password protected, making users able to be unfaithful in their relationships and even engage in cyber sex without anyone catching on.Identity Theft Theft of someone's identity is facilitated by the computer, making it yet another unethical use. If criminals are knowledgeable enough at computer hacking, then it is easy for them to gain access to the personal and financial information of other people and proceed in stealing their identity and ruining their lives.

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