building risk indicators of surface water contamination by pesticides at the small catchment scale....
TRANSCRIPT
Building risk indicators of surface water contamination by pesticides at the small
catchment scale. Taking into account spatial and temporal dimensions. Support
for risk assessment and management : MIRIPHYQUE project. 2011-2013
2 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Background
Only few indicators exist at the catchment scale (Devillers et al., 2005).
But there are still needs for : tools to assess catchments’ potential to
contaminate surface water, methods to base the choice a priori between
several mitigation solutions.
… which take into account spatial distribution of pesticides uses and existing or potential buffer zones.
3 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Project general aim
To design a method in order to assess the potential of surface water contamination by pesticides at the small catchment scale, taking into account :spatial and temporal dimensions,
man made structures’ influence on pesticides fluxes (buffer zones, ditches, banks, roads),
HypothesisNumerical simulation models versus Indicators
Hybrid method, associating indicators and hydrological modelling at the catchment scale
4 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Methodology
Numerical modelling at the different relevant scales Organization of simulated time-chart results in a spatio-
temporal warehouse Modelling results aggregation ; statistical analysis of results,
comparison with observed data.
Implementation on two catchments with contrasted agro-pedo-climatical characteristics: la Fontaine du Theil et la Morcille
Catchment typology (geology, pedology, climate, agricultural practices) in order to prepare the adaptation of developed tools from one catchment to another (similar) one.
5 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Methodology
Aggregating, at the catchment scale, results from modelling at the field scale, for “typical” fields and “typical” agro-pedo-climatical scenarii.
In order to lead to water quality “indicators”, CdF, and to compare them to observed data (chemical or biological data)
Virtual example of resulting indicators :
Concentrations exceedance durations
T = return period
Duration
Concentration
T = 4 monthsT = 10 monthsT = 2 years
g/L
1 h 1 day 1 week 1 month
Duration
Concentration
T = 4 monthsT = 10 monthsT = 2 years
g/L
1 h 1 day 1 week 1 month
x
6 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Global chart
EIS « Pesticides »MetrologyCatchment descriptionAgricultural practicesTopological connections
« Field » warehouseField scale modelling results (discharges end concentrations time-charts, surface and subsurfaceRésultats
« Man made structure » warehouseRatio of pesticides fluxes reduction, transfer fromsurface to siubsurface
« Catchment » warehouseCatchment agregation results : discharges and concentration time-charts
Typology scenarii
Field typology (slope, soil ..)
Pesticides use strategy (date, dose ..)
Climate (dry year, wet year ..)
Field use
Plot scale model
Man made structure model
Hydrological model
Field use distribution (cultures et man made structures
Statistical analysis
Risk indicators(CdF)
EIS « Pesticides »MetrologyCatchment descriptionAgricultural practicesTopological connections
« Field » warehouseField scale modelling results (discharges end concentrations time-charts, surface and subsurface é
« Man made structure » warehouseRatio of pesticides fluxes reduction, transfer fromsurface to siubsurface
« Catchment » warehouseCatchment agregation results : discharges and concentration time-charts
Typology scenarii
Field typology (slope, soil ..)
Pesticides use strategy (date, dose ..)
Climate (dry year, wet year ..)
Field use
Plot scale model
Man made structure model
Hydrological model
Field use distribution (cultures et man made structures
Statistical analysis
Risk indicators(CdF)
Field scale modelling results (discharges and concentration time charts, surface and subsurface)
7 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Methodology : Workpackage 1
Physical modelling at the relevant scales1.1 Defining pesticides uses scenarii
1.2 Field scale modelling
1.3 Man made structures modelling
1.4 Catchment scale modelling
Fontaine du Theil :• Assessment of hydrodynamical characteristics of soil layers .
8 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Workpackage 1
La Morcille site0
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a) b)h1
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a) b)h1
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a) b)h1
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a) b)h1
h2
h 5
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h 1
h 2
Organisation type des sols sableux sur
altérite (UTS 1)
Organisation type des sols sableux sur granite
fracturé (UTS 2)
Sandy soils upon weathered granite (UCS 1)
Hydrodynamical characteristics (K-Psi-Theta) Bimodal porosity.
9 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Workpackage 1
Fontaine du Theil. Simulation at the field scale with MACRO (Jarvis et al, 1994)
Brown non hydromorphic soil.
10 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Methodology : Workpackage 2
SI E Pesticides - Analysis SubModel
Activités Agricoles
Bassin Versant
Activités Métrologiques
Organization of simulated time-charts in a spatio-temporal warehouse
2.1 Developing a conceptual model to represent data
2.2 Designing a data warehouse for numerical modelling results
Unités surfaciques
Unité Linéaire
Connectivité hydrologique
Elément Ponctuel
Elément Ponctuel de Connexion
Elément Surfacique
Elément Linéaire
0 ..1
0 ..1
NoeudReprésentation
E lément P onctuel de C onnexion
1 ..*
1
T ronçon E lémentaire
Segmentation Linéaire
E lément L inéaire
1
0 ..1
U nité Homogène A val
Connexion Aval
Ligne d'échange
0 ..1
*
U nité Homogène A val
Connexion Amont
Noeud A mont *
0 ..1
Ligne d'échange A val
Connexion Amont
U nité Homogène A mont
*
0 ..1
Noeud A val
Connexion Aval
U nité Homogène A mont
T ronçon E lémentaire A mont
Connexion Aval
Noeud A val
*
1Noeud A mont
Connexion Amont
T ronçon E lémentaire A val
1
* T ronçon A mont
Connexion Aval
Ligne A val
0 ..1
0 ..2Ligne A mont
Connexion Amont
T ronçon A val
0 ..2
0 ..1
E lément SurfaciqueRedécoupage Spatial
U nité Homogène
1
1 ..*
Unité Homogène
Tronçon Elémentaire
Ligne d'échangeNoeud
Homogeneous unit 1
Vegetative filter strip
Exchange linesExchange coefficients(surface, subsurface)
Homogeneous unit 2
11 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Workpackage 2
• 643 outlets
simplification• Outlet trees• Field deconnection by
hedges
Alternative solution : SACADEAU (tree of fields outlets)
12 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Methodology : workpackage 3
Aggregation at the catchment scale3.1 Design of the catchment scale aggregation method
3.2 Validation of « SACADEAU » tool on La fontaine du Theil
3.3 Sensitivity analysis at the different modelling scales ; reflection about implementation on other catchments
3.4 Comparison with existing data
13 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Workpackage 3
Field 3 : type « brown soil », slope 3%Soil occupation : cornPost emergence use of pesticides
Field 5 : type « hydromorphic soil », slope 1%Soil occupation : winter wheatPre emergence use of pesticides
Vegetative filter strip.Efficiency varying with time
C(outlet, t) = (f(field, buffer zone, t))surfacesubsurface
Data warehouse Simulation results ; year 2000
14 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Conclusion
• First year of the project. Next step : finalization of simulation results warehouse ; aggregation.
• Project which will lead to a method having both advantages of numerical simulations AND indicators …
15 Innovative approaches for the management of environmental risks from plant protection products . 26-28 october 2011
Thank you for your attention
Thanks for funding to :