btlew silent spring rachel carson book 3 lesson 11
TRANSCRIPT
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Silent spring Silent spring Rachel Carson
Book Book 33Lesson 11
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Part One: Warm-up
Part Two: Background Information
Part Three: Text Appreciation
Part Four: Language Study
Part Five: Extension
Book Book 33Lesson 11
Contents
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part OnePart One
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
On EnvironmentOn Environment
For reference
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1. What do you know about environmental pollution?
Pollution refers primarily to the fouling of air, water, and land by wastes. Thus litter, billboards, and auto junkyards are said to constitute visual pollution; noise excessive enough to cause psychological or physical damage is considered noise pollution; and waste heat that alters local climate or affects fish populations in rivers is designated thermal pollution. The 20th century has seen pollution approach crisis proportions throughout the world.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
On EnvironmentOn Environment
For reference
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2. What environmental problems do we have nowadays?
Air pollution
Air pollution is contamination of the air by noxious gases and minute particles of solid and liquid matter in concentrations that endanger health. The major sources of air pollution are transportation engines, power and heat generation, industrial processes, and the burning of solid waste.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
On EnvironmentOn Environment
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Global warming
Global warming is the gradual increase of the temperature of the earth's lower atmosphere as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases. Some longer-term results of global warming include melting of polar ice, with a resulting rise in sea level and coastal flooding; disruption of drinking water supplies dependent on snow melts; profound changes in agriculture due to climate change. Among factors that may be contributing to global warming are the burning of coal, petroleum products, and deforestation.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
On EnvironmentOn Environment
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Noise pollution
Human created noise harmful to health or welfare. Transportation vehicles are the worst offenders, with aircraft, trucks, buses, automobiles, and motorcycles all producing excessive noise. Apart from hearing loss, noise can cause lack of sleep, irritability, heartburn, indigestion, high blood pressure, and possibly heart disease. Noise-induced stress creates severe tension in daily living and contributes to mental illness.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part TwoPart Two
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I. Author
II. Silent Spring
Background Background informationinformation
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Rachel Carson (1907—1964) was an American biologist and writer. She was a quiet, private person, fascinated with the workings of nature from a scientific and aesthetic point of view.
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I.I. Author Author
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grew up on a small Pennsylvania farm, went to the Pennsylvania College, majored in zoology, and then went to John Hopkins for a master’s degree in genetics.
published Under the Sea-Wind, then The Sea Around Us and The Edge of the Sea, and finally Silent Spring in 1962. In the wake of Silent Spring, she was attacked personally and as a scientist by many. While she was working on Silent Spring, she was seriously ill, a niece died and left a young son whom she adopted, her mother died, and she learned she had breast cancer.
died two years after Silent Spring was published, at age 56.
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I.I. Author Author
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Quotes from Rachel Carson
It is the public that is being asked to assume the risks that the insect controllers calculate. The public must decide whether it wishes to continue on the present road, and it can do so only when in full possession of the facts.
We still talk in terms of conquest. We still haven't become mature enough to think of ourselves as only a tiny part of a vast and incredible universe. Man's attitude toward nature is today critically important simply because we have now acquired a fateful power to alter and destroy nature.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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I.I. Author Author
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Quotes from Rachel Carson
But man is a part of nature, and his war against nature is inevitably a war against himself. The rains have become an instrument to bring down from the atmosphere the deadly products of atomic explosions. Water, which is probably our most important natural resource, is now used and re-used with incredible recklessness.
Now, I truly believe, that we in this generation, must come to terms with nature, and I think we’re challenged as mankind has never been challenged before to prove our maturity and our mastery, not of nature, but of ourselves.
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I.I. Author Author
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Quotes from Rachel Carson
The more clearly we can focus our attention onthe wonders and realities of the universe about us,the less taste we shall have for destruction.
Those who dwell, as scientists or laymen, among the beauties of the earth are never alone or weary in life… Those who contemplate the beauty of the earth find reserves of strength that will endure as long as life lasts.
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I.I. Author Author
The end of Author.
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Quotes from Rachel Carson
The more clearly we can focus our attention onthe wonders and realities of the universe about us,the less taste we shall have for destruction.
Those who dwell, as scientists or laymen, among the beauties of the earth are never alone or weary in life… Those who contemplate the beauty of the earth find reserves of strength that will endure as long as life lasts.
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I.I. Author Author
The end of Author.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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II. Silent II. Silent Spring Spring
received a letter from a friend in the summer of 1957, saying that an airplane hired by the state spraying DDT to control mosquitoes.
shocked by how extensive the pesticide situation was; decided to write about it and let people know.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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II. Silent II. Silent Spring Spring Summary of the book
The book starts with a fable of a lovely rural town that suddenly suffers blight, sickness, and death. Its people finally realize they had poisoned themselves. She presented scientific evidence that this was happening all over the country. She explained in plain terms how the strongest bugs survive, making stronger pesticides necessary, and that DDT, though scarce in the water, becomes concentrated as it works its way up the food chain. She advocated integrated management: using a minimum of chemicals combined with biological and cultural controls.
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II. Silent II. Silent Spring Spring
Significance of the book
It roused a new public awareness that nature was vulnerable to human intervention. She proposed that, at times, technological progress is so fundamentally at odds with natural processes that it must be curtailed. Conservation had never raised much broad public interest, for few people really worried about the disappearance of wilderness. But the threats She had outlined—the contamination of the food chain, cancer, genetic damage, the deaths of entire species—were too frightening to ignore. For the first time, the need to regulate industry in order to protect the environment became widely accepted, and environmentalism was born.
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II. Silent II. Silent Spring Spring
Thomas Paine's Common Sense galvanized radical sentiment in the early days of the American revolution.
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom's Cabin roused Northern antipathy to slavery in the decade leading up to the Civil War.
Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, which exposed the hazards of the pesticide DDT, eloquently questioned humanity's faith in technological progress and helped set the stage for the environmental movement.
Significance of the book
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The book that her efforts resulted in was about the spraying and what it did to the birds and other creatures. But that does not begin to describe its scope or account for its impact. One might just as well say that Darwin wrote about turtles and the Pacific islands where they were found. (Esquire magazine)
With the publication of Silent Spring in 1962, Rachel Louise Carson, the essence of gentle scholarship, set off a nationally publicized struggle between the proponents and opponents of the widespread use of poisonous chemicals to kill insects. Miss Carson was an opponent. (THE New York TIMES)
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II.II. Silent SpringSilent Spring
The end of Silent Spring.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part ThreePart Three
ENTER
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Text Text AppreciatioAppreciationn
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I. Text analysis 1. Theme 2. Structure
II. Writing devices 1. Diction 2. Antithesis 3. Alliteration & assonance 4. Rhetorical question 5. Metaphor 6. Parallelism
III. Sentence paraphrase
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I.I. Text Text AnalysisAnalysis
Out of his ignorance and lack of concern for the integrity of nature, man is tampering with nature by abusing chemicals, causing irrecoverable harms on environment and people.
Theme of the story
The end of Theme.
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Part 1 (paras. 1—2) about:
Part 2 (paras. ) about:
Part 3 (paras. ) about:
Part 4 (paras. ) about:
Part 5 (paras. ) about:
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisStructure of the text
3—5
6 — 9
10—23
beauty and harmony enjoyed by both nature and all its life
evil spell
transitional paragraphs, directing readers’ attention to the very cause of the nationwide disaster— a white powder, the chemical
explanation of how the ecological disasters were created
24—25 proper solution to the disasters
The end of structure.
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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Before the use
After the use
Before & after the use of chemicals
all life in harmony with its surrounding people’s life: the town in the midst of prosperous farms; fishing the streams plants: blooming flowers; growing on green field; oak, maple, birch flaming and flickering with life animals: birds feeding on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow; floods of migrants pouring through; sweet singing of birds
Scan the text and list out the related information.
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loss of life: mysterious diseases sweeping the flock of chickens; sickening and killing cattle and sheep and fish; several and unexplained deaths of adults and children; birds trembling violently and being unable to fly; soundless birds; browned and withered vegetation
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I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisBefore & after
the use of chemicalsDiscuss
in groups.
Before
the use
After
the use colorful nature: brown, withered
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colorful nature: in spring:white clouds of bloom , green fields, in autumn: oak and maple and birch setting up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered in winter:white snowThrough much of a year: laurel, ferns, wildflowers
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisBefore & after
the use of chemicalsDiscuss
in groups.
Before the use
After the use
silent nature:Sound: stillness, a spring without voices
Movement: backyards deserted, birds trembled violently and could not fly, fish died
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active nature:Sound: barking of the fox, birds’ chorus in the morning
Movement: drift, flame, flicker, silently crossthe fields, fly and feed, pour through, observe, flow, lie, raise houses, sink wells, build barns
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Diction
Polysyndeton
In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a background of pines. (1)
… only silence lay over the fields and the woods and marsh. (4)
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Stress each details
Polysyndeton: repetition of conjunctions in close succession, which has an cumul
ative effect
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Diction
Polysyndeton
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… the physical form and the habitsof the earth’s vegetation and its animal life have been molded by
the environment. (10) Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or gardens lie long in soil, …
(11)
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Diction
Emotive & specific words
In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a background of pines. (1)
To be continued on the next page.
The town lay in the midst of prosperous farms, where, in spring, white clouds of
bloom drifted above the green fields. (1)
Emotive words: words that
connote people’s feelings about things or ideas
Impress and move feelings
Colorful description of
nature
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Diction
Emotive & specific words
… where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. (2)
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Specific words stressing abundance and variety of species
Along the roads, laurel, great ferns and wildflowers delighted the traveler’s eye... (2)
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Diction
Emotive & specific words
Others came to fish the streams, which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. (2)
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… and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring… (2)
Then foxes barked in the hills and deersilently crossed the field. (1)
Specific words make the
description vivid and lively.
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Diction
Emotive & specific words
The few birds seen anywhere trembled violently and could not fly. (4)
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… mysterious diseases swept the flocks of chicken; the cattle and sheep sickened and died. (3)
… that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of scores of bird voices there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh. (4)
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Diction
Qualifying phrases
Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actually modifies its surroundings, had been relatively slight. (10)
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To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the earth’s vegetation and its animal
life have been molded by the environment. (10)
Qualifying phrases stress
precision.
Only in the present century has one species— man—acquired significant power to alter the nature of this world. (10)
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Diction
Concrete words
Tht end of Diction.
Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or gardens lie long in soil, entering into living organisms, passing from one to another in
a chain of poisoning and death. Or they pass mysteriously by underground
streams until they emerge and combine into new forms that kill vegetation, sicken cattle, and work unknown harm on those
who drink from once pure wells. (11)
Pure factual description
Concrete words describe
identifiable qualities of
particular things, feelings or events.
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Antithesis
The rapidity of change follows the impetuous pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of nature. (13)
Antithesis: the relation between successive units that are put in contrast
a pair of antitheses“drastic and rapid pace of man”
vs. “slow and careful pace of nature”
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Antithesis: more examples
This imagined tragedy may easily become a harsh reality we all shall know. (8)
Try to find more examples
in the text.
The end of Antithesis.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevicesAlliteration & assonance
In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a background of pines. (1)
…, and many real communities have already suffered a substantial number of them, ... (8)
Alliteration is the repetition of the same consonant sounds or of different vowel sounds at the beginning of words.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Alliteration & assonance: more examples
There had been several sudden and unexplained deaths, not only among adults but even among children. (3)
Others came to fish the streams, which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. (2)
The use of alliteration and assonance helps
achieving sensory impressions.
Assonance is the repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds.
The end of Alliteration & assonance.
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Rhetorical question
Can anyone believe it is possible to lay down such
a large number of poisons on the surface of the
earth without making it unfit for all life? (16)How could intelligent beings seek to control a few unwanted species by a method that contaminated the entire environment and brought the threat of disease and death even to his own kind? (18)
Rhetorical question is a question asked to imply a definite answer.
Rhetorical question is often used in argument & persuasion.
The end of Rhetorical question.
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
The town lay in the midst of prosperous farms, where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. (1)
metaphor: a figure of speech containing an implied comparison in which one thing is described in terms of another.
Metaphor
More examples
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevicesMetaphor: more examples
In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a background of pines. (1)
The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants were pouring through in spring and fall people traveled from great distances to observe them. (2)
Metaphor is used
to heighten
effect and
clarity.
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Metaphor used together with alliteration stressing the striking display of colors
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II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
On the mornings that had oncethrobbed with the dawn chorus ofscores of bird voices there wasnow no sound; … (4)
Metaphor: more examples
The end of Metaphor.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.II. Writing Writing DevicesDevices
Parallelism
These chemicals are now applied almost universally to farms, gardens, forests, and homes,
killing every insect, the “good” and the “bad”, tostill the song of birds and the leaping of fish, to
coat the leaves with a deadly film, and to linger on in soil… (16)
Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests orgardens lie long in soil, entering into living
organisms, passing from one to another in a chain of poisoning and death. (11)
Parallelism involves balancing the structural elements of a sentence.
Clear and effective
The end of Writing Devices.
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 1Paraphrase 1
The rapidity of change follows the impetuous
pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of
nature. (13)
Parallel structure: introduced by correlative conjunctions, such as either…or, both…and, not only…but also, whether…or, rather than
More examples
go to 2
The rapid change of the environment takes place as a consequence of man’s drastic and reckless alteration of nature. It does not occur as a result of slow and careful working of nature.
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 2Paraphrase 2
Given time—time not in years but in millennia—life adjusts, and a balance has been reached. (12)
It takes thousands of years for life to adapt itself to environment. Actually it so happens that life adapts and a balance has been reached.
Participle phrase used as adverbial of conditions
go to 3
More examplesIf life is given time
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 3Paraphrase 3
And even this, were it by some miracle possible, would be futile, for the new chemicals come from our laboratories in an endless stream. (14)
Even if life did adjust to the chemicals by some miracle, it would be useless, because the new chemicals are continuously created and produced .
Unreal conditional clause in which
“were” is placed at the beginning of the
clause
go to 4
More examples
If it were…possible
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 4Paraphrase 4
The chemicals are the synthetic creations of man’s inventive mind, having no counterparts in nature. (13)
Man-made productsMan’s creative power
There are no such things as chemicals in nature. go to 5
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 5Paraphrase 5
The whole process of spraying seems caught up in an endless spiral. (17)
The whole process of spraying chemicals to kill insects is a vicious cycle of chemical abuse. The more deadly chemicals are used, the more resistance they meet from the insects.
Get involved inNever-ending process of increasing abuse of
chemicals
go to 6
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Part FourPart Four
ENTER
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 6Paraphrase 6
Thus it is no accident that our most troublesome insects are introduced species. (23)
It is certain, unavoidable
That’s why the most troublesome insects in our country are brought in from other places.
“it” used as an anticipatory subject
go to 7
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 7Paraphrase 7
I am saying, rather, that control must be geared to
realities, and that the methods employed must be
such that they do not destroy us along with the
insects. (19)
On the contrary I am saying that the control should be determined by the actual environment and that the methods should not be harmful to humans that they die along with the insects .
Formal structure so…that
go to 8
More examples
Be adapted to
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 8Paraphrase 8
… instead we need the basic knowledge of animal
populations and their relations to their surroundings
that will “promote an even balance and damp down
the explosive power of outbreaks and new
invasions”. (24)
Instead we need the basic knowledge of
animal populations and their relations to their
surroundings. This knowledge contributes to
retaining an equal balance and reducing their
mass-breeding and invading power. go to 9
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 9Paraphrase 9
we have subjected enormous numbers of
people to contact with these poisons,
without their consent and often without
their acknowledge. (25)
We have made enormous numbers of people contact with these poisons.
make sb. experience, suffer
go to 10
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 10Paraphrase 10
Can anyone believe it is possible to lay down such a
large number of poisons on the surface of the earth
without making it unfit for all life? (16)
Such a number of poisons stored on the surface of the earth will surely make it unfit for all living things.
Rhetorical question store for
future use
go to 11
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III.III. Sentence Sentence Paraphrase 11Paraphrase 11
Such a system set the stage for explosive
increases in specific insect populations. (20)
Such a way of farming creates favorable
conditions for the rapid increase of
particular insects.
The end of Sentence Paraphrase.
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Part FourPart Four
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I. Word Study
II. Phrases and Expressions
Language Language StudyStudy
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.I. Word StudyWord Study1. abundance
n. a great or plentiful amount, fullness, affluence
Examples:
Carpets are available in abundance.
abundant a.
This area is abundant in petroleum deposit.
abound v.
Streams abound with fish.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
2. assault
v./n. violent physical or verbal attack(usually implies sudden, intense
violence)
Examples:
Muggers often assault their victims on dark
streets.
increases in violent assaults over the past
decade
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
3. colossal
a. enormous (a hugeness that elicits awe)
Examples:
Even by modern standards, the 46, 000
ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
colossal crumbling ruins of an ancient
temple
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
4. confine
v./n. keep within bounds, restrict
Examples:
Please confine your remarks to the issues at
hand.
The sick child was confined to bed.
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Examples:
• Mary's parents refused their consent to her marriage. • Has the minister consented to having his
speech printed?
5. consent v./n. agree, accept, approve of
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
6. contaminate
v. a. make impure or unclean by contact or mixture
b. expose to or permeate with radioactivity
Examples:
The river was contaminated with waste.
Don't be contaminated by bureaucracy.
n. contamination
Word formation
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
v. a. strive in opposition or against difficulties; struggle b. compete, as in a race; maintain Examples:
The armies in the two countries are contending for control of the strategic territory. They had to contend with long lines at the airport.The defendant contended that the evidence was inadmissible.
7. contend
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
8. deliberate
a. a. intentional b. arising from or marked by careful consideration
Examples:
He mistook the oversight for a deliberate insult.
He told us a deliberate lie.
They took a deliberate action yesterday.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
• shadows flickering on the wall• a flicker of doubt• leaves flickering in the wind•The candle flickered in the wind.•flames that flickered in the night
9. flicker v./n. a. move waveringly b. burn unsteadily or fitfully
墙上摇曳的影子一丝疑虑在风中摇晃的树叶蜡烛在风中闪烁不定。黑夜中闪烁的火光
Translation
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racial harmonydomestic harmony Everyone lives in harmony.Tourism should develop in harmony with environment.harmonious relationshipsharmonize different approaches into unified strategies
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
种族和睦家庭和睦每个人和睦生活在一起。旅游业应与环境同步发
展。和睦的关系将不同的方法统一起来
使其成为统一的策略
10. harmony n. a. agreement in feeling, interests, and opinions, etc. b. pleasing combination of related things
Translation
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
11. impetuous
a. impulsive and passionate (forceful impulsiveness or impatience)
Examples:
impetuous, heaving waves
impetuous promise
奔腾汹涌的浪花冲动的许诺
Translation
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
a. a. unselective; widespread; wholesale b. confused; chaotic; unrestrainedExamples:
indiscriminate taste in music indiscriminate violence the indiscriminate use of pesticides the indiscriminate policies of the previous administration indiscriminate spending
12. indiscriminate
无特殊音乐品味大规模的暴力事件杀虫剂的广泛使用前任内阁令人困惑 的政策无节制的挥霍
Translation
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.I. Word StudyWord Study13. intensify
v. make intense or more intense
Examples:
intensified imageThe press has intensified its scrutiny of his background.
放大像新闻界已增强了对他 背景的调查。
More examples
Translation
To be continued on the next page.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study14. modify
v. a. change in form or character; alter b. make less extreme, severe, or strong
Examples:
The equipment may be modified to produce VCD sets.
refuse to modify her stand on the issue
More examples
To be continued on the next page.
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repress
stifle
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
15. suppress
v. put an end to forcibly, prohibit the activities of (suggesting the exercise of force that drastically inhibits or crushes)
Examples:suppress anger/annoyance/delightsuppress a sneezesuppress the urgeThe virus suppresses the body’s immune system.
Synonyms
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
List:
1. be caught up in
2. be geared to
3. within bounds
4. immune to
5. lay down
6. life-and-death
7. a limit on
8. set the stage for
II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
v. a. captivated b. If you get caught up in sth. you become involved in it often without wanting to.
Examples:
I was caught up in the mood of the evening.
He got caught up in the drugs business.
1. be caught up in Cf.
II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions
catch up with
catch up on
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Examples:
You start first, walk on and I'll catch up with you later.
I have to catch up on my work so I can't go out.
catch up with, catch up on
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
v. adjust or adapt so as to make suitable
Examples:
Education should be geared to children's needs.
2. be geared to
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
out of bounds a. If a place is out of bounds, people are not
allowed to go there. b. If something is out of bounds, people are not
allowed to do it, use it, see it, or know about it.
Examples:
All our trading activities are within the bounds
of the law.
This area is out of bounds to persons not concerned.
3. within bounds being under legal or moral obligation
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions
4. immune to
a. a. not affected by a given influence b. not subject to an obligation imposed on others
Examples:
immune to persuasion 不能被说服的immune from taxation 免于纳税 immune from criminal prosecution 免于刑事诉讼
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
v. a. give up and surrender b. specify
Examples: lay down their arms
lay down the rules
5. lay down
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
a. a. involving or ending in life or death b. vitally important.Examples:
a life-and-death battle
a life-and-death struggle between union and management
6. life-and-death
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
n. 限度,极限
Examples:
What’s the limit on how many bottles of wine you can bring through customs?
attempt to set a limit on customer waste
7. a limit on
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
v. prepare for
Examples:
The president’s recent death set the stage
for a military coup.
Will this agreement merely set the stage for
another war?
8. set the stage for
II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions
The end of Phrases and Expressions.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part FivePart Five
ENTER
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Quiz Quiz
List:
1. Quiz 1
2. Quiz 2
3. Quiz 3
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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Quiz 1Quiz 1Match the items in the two columns.
The end of Quiz 1.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
1. modify2. consent3. tremble4. spell5. abundance6. tamper7. assault 8. intended9. evolve10. immune11. destructive12. undergo13. invariably14. suppress15. outbreak16. contention17. largely 18. potent19. integrity
a. powerfulb. mainlyc. charmd. alwayse. freef. interfereg. ruinoush. experiencei. outburstj. argumentk. developl. stiflem. deliberaten. completenesso. plentyp. shakeq. attackr. agrees. alter
1s, 2r, 3p, 4c, 5o, 6f, 7q, 8m, 9k, 10e, 11g, 12h, 13d, 14l, 15i, 16j, 17b, 18a, 19n
Key
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Quiz 2Quiz 21. only___ those conditions can we live __ each other. a. under, in peace and harmony with b. by, in peace and harmony with c. with, under peace and harmony with d. under, in peace and harmony for
2. ___ we seem to have conquered nature. But this is not true. Many scholars actually say that we should stop __ nature before it is too late.
a. On the surface, tampering to b. On the surface, tampering with c. On the appearance, tampering with d. In the surface, interfering with
a b
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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Lesson 4 - Wisdom of Bear Wood
Quiz 2Quiz 23. The other day I came across a book, which
came out quite recently. It argued that education should not be too closely ___ market needs.
a. geared with b. geared to c. link to d. connect with
4. We were ___ a great dilemma. But then Wei Ming came ____ a brilliant idea.a. facing to, up b. faced with, up with
c. thrown into, across d. confronted with, to
b b
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Quiz 2Quiz 2
5. __ New York is a world in itself because many different races and ethnic groups ___ each other.
a. In a certain extent, intermingle with b. In a certain degree, live with
c. In a certain way, are mixed up with d. To a certain extent, intermingle with
6. The reform and opening policy has changed our life ___.
a. in every way b. for the way c. on every way d.
in many ways
d a
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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Quiz 2Quiz 27. We have already ___ the terms, but the contract will have to be ___ higher authorities for approval.
a. settled on, subjected for b. settled on, subjected to c. agreed on, taken for d. agreed with, referred to
8. Don’t let us put it ____ until tomorrow. Let’s get it ____ the way.
a. aside, out of b. off, out of c. away, off d. off, outside
b b
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring -
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Quiz 2Quiz 29. One problem is the lack of strict inspection.
People actually either know or ____ those who ___ garbage.
a. know of, raise their pigs in b. know about, feed their pigs to
c. know of, feed their pigs on d. know, raise their pigs with
10. What happened that day had a great ____ on people’s lives. Now they all know that no country can be completely ____ terrorist attack. a. effect, immune to b. impact, immune from
c. influence, free to d. result, free from
c a
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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11. Products tend to sell well that are packed in
____ catch the consumer’s eye.
a. such ways as to b. such way as to
c. ways so as to d. a way that
12. True friends do not abandon each other ____
of danger.
a. at all times b. at one time
c. in no time d. in times
Quiz 2 Quiz 2
a d
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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Quiz 2Quiz 2
13. ____ he gets an operation, the boy may lose his hearing forever.
a. If b. Given
c. Even though d. Unless
14. His remarks were ____ annoy everybody at the meeting.
a. so as to b. such to c. such as to d. as much as to
d c
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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Quiz 2Quiz 2
15. At the top of the cliff____the deep valley stood
a ten-foot pine tree.a. there b. overlooking
c. where d. towering
16. ___ his poor health he had to retire at the age of 50.
a. Thanks to b. Because c. Owing to d. For
b c
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Quiz 2Quiz 2 17.There are times when children feel that they could
manage very well ___ their parents would leave them alone. a. only when b.only if
c. when only d. if only
18. People who speak and write well are generally ____ educated and intelligent and give a good impression. a. being seen b. to see
c. seen d. see
d c
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Quiz 2Quiz 219. The heat in the summer is no less____ in
this mountain region. a. concentrated b. extensive c. intensive d. intense
20. Obviously, the chairman’s remarks at the conference were _____ and not planned. a. substantial b. synthetic
c. simultaneous d. spontaneous
d d
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1. I love my parents so much that I would not _________hurt their feelings. (intend)
2. Some fathers are too _________ towards their daughters. They wouldn’t let them out of their sight. (possess)
3. I am sorry that I can’t keep the ________ because I will have a meeting this evening. (appoint)
4. The _______ of too much time to sports leaves too little time for studying. (devote)
5. ________ his age, the little boy reads very well. (consider)
Quiz 3Quiz 3intentionally
possessive
appointment
devotion
Considering
Fill out the blanks with the proper form of the given words.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
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6. He is worried about the ____________ use of antibiotics. (discriminate)
7. The press has _______ its scrutiny of the candidate's background. (intense)
8. Technology without morality is barbarous; morality without technology is ______. (potent)
9. She was _______ with joy. (radiate)
10. They won by a__________margin. (substance)
11. This _________ dress material does not crush. (synthetics)
12. It's _______ wet when I take my holidays. (vary)
Quiz 3Quiz 3indiscriminate
intensified
impotent
radiant
synthetic
invariably
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
substantial