btlew lesson 10 – the green banana part four enter

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Lesson 10 – The Green Banana

Part FourPart Four

ENTER

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I. Word Study

II. Phrases and Expressions

III. Word Building

IV. Grammar

Language Language StudyStudy

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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyWord list:

1. acceptance

2. appreciate

3. assure

4. breakthrough

5. casually

6. destination

7. encounter

15. perspective

16. potential

17. relate

18. scattered

19. tease

20. tend

8. occasion

9. origin

10. identity

11. ignorance

12. instantly

13. leak

14. numerous

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study

1. acceptancen. ≠ refusal, rejection

Examples:

The new policy gained widespread acceptance.

Ten acceptances and one refusal have been

received since the invitations were sent out.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study2. appreciate

v. to understand and enjoy sth.Examples:

I really appreciate your help.

The judge appreciated the courage students had displayed in the speech contest.

It’s hard to fully appreciate the essence of foreign literature in translation.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study3. assure

v. to tell sb. that sth. is sure to happen so that he does not have to worry

assure sb./oneself (of sth.): to cause sb. to feel certain about sth.rest assured (that…): to be certain that…

Compare “assure” with “ensure” and

“sure”.

Examples:

I can assure you that he is an honest

person.

You may rest assured that everything is

developing smoothly as you wish.

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study 4. breakthrough

n. a. the act of making a sudden, quick advance through an enemy’s defenses b. the important discovery or development

Examples:a major breakthrough in clone research 克隆研究方面的重大突破a breakthrough in negotiations 谈判的重大进展

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5. casually

adv. the state of being informal or happening by chance

Examples:

Jerry met his ex-girlfriend on his way home

casually.

It’s embarrassed to dress so casually in this

kind of situation.

casual adj.

More Examples

To be continued on the next page.

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a casual remark a casual encounter a casual attitude a casual inspection a casual disregard for

rumors casual wear a casual laborer a casual acquaintance a casual correspondence

with a friend



Translation

即席发言邂逅漫不经心的态度草率的检查对流言蜚语毫不在乎

便装 / 休闲装临时工泛泛之交与朋友的不定期通信

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study6. destination

n. a place sb. is going to

arrive at/reach one’s destination

Examples:Lhasa is the destination of our trip.Keep your confidence up, and you’ll reach your destination.

v. destine

Word Formation

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come acrossmeetconfront

Synonyms



v. to meet sb. or experience sth. suddenly or unexpectedly n. sudden or unexpected meetingencounter with sb./sth.Examples:

Catherine encountered an old friend in the shopping center.

The players encountered a lot of difficulties when they first started the training.

He had an encounter with an angry client.

7. encounter

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study 8. occasion

n. special time for sth.on occasion: now and then; whenever there is a needon the occasion of sth.: at the time of a certain eventExamples:

Jean had met him on several occasions before

they knew each other in the real sense.

She goes to the cinema on occasion.

She was still absent-minded even on the

occasion of her own wedding.

More Examples


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( ) the occasion ( ) the situation ( ) the circumstances



Keys

on

in

under

Please fill in the blanks below and compare the usage of prepositions in the following phrases of “ 在 ······ 情况下” .

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study9. origin

n. starting-point; source

Examples:

The origins of the custom are unknown.

The practice has its origin in the people.

v. originate

a. original

Word Formation

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I.I. Word StudyWord Study10. identity

n. who or what sb./sth. isidentity card (ID card): an officially issued card, often wi

th a photograph, to show who a person is

Examples:There is no clue to the identity of the murderer.The cheque will be cashed on proof of identity.

More Examples


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Examples:

Can you identify the robber from the group

of people?

She identified the man with the scar as her

attacker.

identify v. to ascertain the origin or characteristics of

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11. ignorance

n. having no knowledge or information

ignorance of sth.

ignore neglect

ignorant negligent

negligible

v. 忽视 / 略

adj. 无知的

v. 忽视，疏忽

adj . 疏忽的

adj. 可以忽略的

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an instant success

instant hot water

instant noodles/coffee

/powdered milk

in instant need of help

12. instantlyadv. at once; immediately

instant adj. 很快达成的成功瞬间致热的热水（一开水龙头水就热）快餐面 / 速溶咖啡 /速溶奶粉需要紧急援助

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Examples:

The water is leaking in. The damaged reactor leaked

radioactivity into the atmosphere. Don’t leak the secret to anyone. The information was leaked to the press

unavoidably.


I.I. Word StudyWord Study13. leak

v. a. to escape or pass through

b. to reveal (information)

leak sth. to sb.

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14. numerous

adj. many; countless

Examples:

She takes pride in having numerous friends.

On numerous occasions, Kate couldn’t help crying when she heard the same song.

More Examples


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There___ ___number of students in the classroom.

____ number of the students in the classroom ____still unknown.

Please fill in the blanks with correct verbs and articles.

(are; a)

(The; is)

Keys

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n. a way of thinking about or looking at sth.

Examples:Stand here and you can get a perspective of the whole valley.The vase on the right of the picture is out of perspective. Please draw the building in perspective. We can view the matter in the historical perspective.

15. perspective

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n. potentiality


I.I. Word StudyWord Study16. potential

n. a. the possibility that sth. will have a certain effect b. qualities that exist and can be developedExamples:

We recognized the potential for error in the method being used.

The company did a survey to investigate the potential for further investment.

The boy has the potential as a composer. The potential of the product is immeasurable.

Word Formation

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17. relate

v. to bring into or link in logical associationrelate to: to be connected with sb./sth.; understand

Examples:

Please relate the cause and effect of the

case.

Some adults can’t relate to children.

The cost relates directly to the amount of

time spent on the job.

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v. scatter


I.I. Word StudyWord Study18. scattered

adj. spread all over a large area

Examples:

The weather forecast says that tomorrow

will be sunshine with scattered showers.

After the meeting, there was wasted paper

scattered about.

Word Formation

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19. tease

v. to make jokes or laugh at sb. in order to have fun either in a friendly way or in an unkind way

Examples: They teased the child because of his

innocence. Don’t take the words seriously. It’s only

teasing.

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n. tendency



20. tend

v. to be likely to behave in a certain way

Examples:She tends to get up early every day.People tend to gain weight on holidays.

Word Formation

The end of Word Study.

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List:

1. call ~

2. consist of

3. dawn on

4. meet one’s need, make ends meet

5. reflect on/upon

6. strain up

7. “time”

8. work out

II.II. Phrases and Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions

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call for: to demand; require; need Examples:

The occasion calls for prompt action. Your promotion calls for a celebration.

call sb./sth. up: to telephone to/ bring back to mind/ summon for military service

Examples:I will call you up in the morning.The scenes called up my childhood memory.

1. call v.



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call off: to cancel; give upExamples:

You’d better call the deal off.The football match was called off due to the fog.

call by: to visit briefly when passing a house 顺便拜访call on/upon sb.: to make a short visit to 短暂拜访call on/upon sb. to do sth.: to require sb. 要求，恳请呼吁，号召


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Examples:

consists of is composed of

The book is made up of eight chapters. falls into

Eight chapters constitute the book.

2. consist of: to include as its main parts or aspects


Translation

这本书是由八个章节构成的。

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to make sb. realize

Examples:It finally dawned on me that he doesn’t like me.Through investigation, the truth of the case began to dawn on him gradually.Realization of the menace dawned on them.

3. dawn on


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4. meet one’s need

to satisfy the requirementsExample:

The child was spoiled because his parents met his need without a sense of principle.

make ends meet: to earn enough money to live without getting into debtExample:

It was hard for him to make ends meet without the support of parents when he was in university.

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to think carefully about sth. Example:

We have to reflect on what you have mentioned.

Compare:reflect (well/badly…) on sth./sb.: to show that sth./sb. is sound/unsound 显示某事 / 某人健全或不健全 ······Example:

The scandal reflected badly on the President.

5. reflect on/upon sth.


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to make a great effort to move upward

Example: The car strained up in the sun.

strain every nerve to do sth.: to spare no efforts; try hard to do sth.Example:

In order to attain the goal, he strained every nerve to accomplish the given job.

6. strain up


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all the time: always

Examples:

She was the center of attention

in the crowd all the time.

I’ll be with you all the time.

7. “time”



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from time to time: now and then; occasionallyExample:

The daughter visited her parents in a near city from time to time.

for the time being: until some other

arrangement is made Example:

You can stay with us in this apartment for the time being before you find a new place.



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at times: sometimes 有时，间或

at all times: always 随时，永远

at a time: separately; in sequence

逐一，依次

at the time: at a certain moment in

the past 在那时



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Examples:He felt very nervous in public at times.I’m at your service at all times.You can take it a bit at a time.Jeniffer decided to marry Ben at the time, but later changed her mind.



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in the nick of time: at the last moment 在最后时刻

Example:We got the railway station in the nick of time and caught the train finally.

a race against time: being desperate to do sth. before a certain time 争分夺秒

Example:It was a race against time to save people buried under the collapsed building.


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to turn out; be capable of being solved; find the answer to

Examples:

How will things work out?

This problem will not work out.

They’ve worked out a method of sending a

spacecraft to Mars.

8. work out


The end of Phrases and Expressions.

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III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

List:

1. Prefix–re

2. Suffix–ance (ence)

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III.III. Word BuildingWord Buildingrefill refill

prefix

rootPrefix—re-: (from Latin) again

refill= fill again

rearrangerearrest reconsider reconstructremarry rename reopen reorganize reprintreproduce revisit rewrite

重新布置 / 整顿 / 安排再次逮捕再斟酌重建 / 改造再婚重命名再开始 / 重开重建 / 编；改组再印 / 版；翻印再现 / 生；生殖再访；重游改写；重写


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III.III. Word BuildingWord BuildingPlease translate the following words by yourself.

reappear

rebuild

reeducate

reemploy

regroup

rejoin

remake

retell

reunite

复发；再出现重建；改造再教育；改造再聘重新组合重返；重新加入重制；翻新复述重聚；再结合

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-ance (-ence): (from Latin) forming nouns,

meaning “the action, quality or state of doing sth.”

ignoranceignorance

ignore v.

suffix

III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

Suffix –ance (-ence)


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accept attend depend occur perform prefer refer assist appear differ

III.III. Word buildingWord building

Give corresponding nouns of the

following verbs.

acceptanceattendancedependenceoccurrenceperformancepreferencereferenceassistanceappearancedifference

The end of Word Building.

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IV.IV. GrammarGrammarParallelism Parallelism

Definition:

Parallelism is the similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. Parallelism is a basic organization mode for discourse, and as such can take place on a large scale (affecting the arrangement of an entire unit of discourse) or a small one. Parallel elements may range from a minimum of two to any number required.

“Parallelism” stems from Greek word “parallelos”, which means “side-

by-side”.


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Every place has special meanings for the people in it, and in a certain sense every place represents the center of the world.

(Para. 7)

the similarity of structure in a pair of related phrases

ParallelismParallelism

IV.IV. GrammarGrammar


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We all tend to regard as the center that special place where we are known, where we know others, where things mean much to us, and where we ourselves have both identity and meaning: family, school, town and local region could all be our center of the world. (Para. 6)

the similarity of structure in a pair of related clauses

ParallelismParallelism



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IV.IV. GrammarGrammarAnadiplosisAnadiplosis

Definition:“Anadiplosis” stems from two Greek words meaning "to double back again" or "to reduplicate" and refers to the rhetorical device where the last word(s) of one clause is taken up in the first word(s) of the successive clause. In other words, anadiplosis is the repetition of the last word (or phrase) from the previous line, clause, or sentence at the beginning of the next.


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Every place has special meanings for the people in it, and in a certain sense every place represents the center of the world. The world has numerous such centers, and no one student or traveler can experience all of them. (Para. 7)

AnadiplosisAnadiplosis



More Examples

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The love of wicked men converts to fear, that fear to hate, and hate turns one or both to worthy danger and deserved death. (Shakespeare, Richard II)

Men in great place are thrice servants: servants of the sovereign or state; servants of fame; and servants of business. (Francis Bacon)

AnadiplosisAnadiplosis

Examples:Examples:


Analyze the grammatical

function of the italic parts.

The end of Grammar.

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btlew lesson 10 – the green banana part four enter

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