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World War I Virtual MuseumTRANSCRIPT
Causes of WW 1
Trench WarfareLobby
TrenchWarfare
Why the U.S EnteredWW 1
Causes of WW 1
Why the U.S. entered the war
TrenchWarfare
The U.S.In the war
The U.S.In the war
Why the U.S. entered the
war
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty ofVersailles
The U.S. in the war Lobby
Alliances
Alliances- forming partnerships with other nations
The Alliances contained
The central powers which included Germany, Austria and the Ottoman Empire (were Turkey is now.
The Allies which included Britain, France, Russia and later the U.S.
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Militarism
Militarism-building up of the military
Military was built up for two reasons.
1) To protect their colonies
2) Peer pressure
-They used a military draft to accomplish this.
-Russia had the largest army ,Germany had the best trained, Britain had the largest navy
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Nationalism
Nationalism-pride in ones country
Nationalism in the WW 1 period
-The pan-German movement was the hope to unite all German speaking people
- The pan-Slavic movement was the hope to unite all Slavic(Russian) speaking people
Example- In Bosnia 95% of people spoke Slavic but it is controlled by German speaking Austria.
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Imperialism
Imperialism- competition for colonies
European nations were competing for land.
-They believed that “bigger was better.
Examples- Africa and Bosnia
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Trench Warfare
To protect their positions and to cut down on losses both sides dug trenches. At night supplies were brought in and scouts were sent out.
At dawn and dusk attacks would come they would hit the enemy with artillery and go over the top of the trenches.
The men had to go through barbwire, machine gun fire and craters
Problems in the trenches included mud, rats, smell, body rot, cold, staying dry, maggots, lice and disease.
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Why the U.S. entered WW 1
1. Sinking of the Lusitania
2. Unrestricted submarine warfare
3. Zimmerman's note
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Unrestricted submarine warfare
The Sussex pledge: Germany promised not to sink any merchant ships without warning them first and rescuing the passengers.
By 1917 German is defeating Russia on the eastern front they want a quick victory on the western front.
-To do this they use Unrestricted submarine warfare.
-They sink ALL ships headed toward allied nations.
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Zimmerman’s Note
Zimmerman was a German official.
-He sent a letter to Mexico asking them to attack the United States.
-In exchange he promised that Germany would aid them in retrieving some of the land that we took from them(Mexico).
Zimmerman
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Sinking of the Lusitania
The Lusitania was a passenger ship that was secretly carrying ammunition.
-A German submarine sunk the ship.
-1,198 passengers died (128 were Americans).
-President Wilson demanded that the Germans apologize and pay for the damages.
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The U.S. in the war
General Pershing led the U.S. troops-By 1917 Germany controller Belgium, Italy and northern France.-By 1918 Russia has had a revolution and they have dropped out of the war.-By July 1918, the United states has 1 million troops in the war.-We cut off the German rail lines which supply there troops.-We attack through the Argonne Forest. It takes 47 days and 1.2 million soldiers. but we cut of there supply-By October 1918, Germany’s lines are crumbling.-In November , the Allies have captured the high ground and Germany surrenders on the 11th hour, the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918. The war is then over.
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Treaty of Versailles
The treaty that ended the war was the Treaty of Versailles
The three main results were:1. Created new colonies -Russia: Poland, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania,
Estonia.-Austria-Hungary: Austria, Hungary,
Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia.-Ottoman Empire; divided up between the
Allies.2. Punished Germany:-They must take full responsibility for the war
and pay for the war(33 billion dollars)3. Create the League of nations-A organization of countries designed
to maintain peace and stability.But it was the treaty was a reason for
WW 2.
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