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The Building Regulations 2010

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JAPPROVED DOCUMENT

Combustion appliances andfuel storage systems

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O N L I N E V E R S I O N

O N L I N E V E R S I O NO N L I N E V E R S I O NO N L I N E V E R S I O N

MAIN CHANGES IN THE2004 EDITIONSection 1

New guidance has been included for access for visual inspection of concealed flues. This should ensure that flues can be properly inspected both when an appliance is first commissioned and subsequently serviced.

Section 2

Guidance has been included in support of a new requirement J3 “Warning of release of carbon monoxide” on the provision of carbon monoxide alarms where solid fuel appliances are installed.

The provisions for flue outlet clearances relative to adjacent pitched roofs have been clarified in Diagram 17.

The guidance on the provision of hearths and wall clearances for solid fuel appliances have been made more flexible to take account of the availability of modern appliances.

Section 2, 3 & 4

The guidance for permanent ventilation openings for open flued appliances in very airtight houses (those with a design air permeability less than or equal to 5.0 m3/(h.m2)) have been increased to counteract the decrease in adventitious ventilation relative to older houses. Appendix F gives advice on assessing the air permeability of older houses in relation to this guidance.

Section 4

This section now explicitly includes liquid biofuel and blends on mineral oil and liquid biofuel within the scope of combustion installations designed to burn oil.

Section 5

The guidance on identifying where secondary containment for oil tanks is necessary has been expanded to include locations in inner protection zone as shown on the Environment Agency’s groundwater sources map.

Appendix G

This informative appendix provides and explanation of the European designation system for certain flue and chimney products.

Main changes made by the 2010 amendmentsThis 2010 edition, incorporating the further 2010 amendments reflects the changes made as a result of the Building Regulations 2010 and Building (Approved inspector etc) Regulations 2010. The changes mainly reflect regulation number changes as a result of re-ordering. There have been no amendments to the substantive requirements in Schedule 1 (i.e. Parts A to P) of the Building Regulations.Please note the simplification of the definition of ‘room for residential purposes’ in regulation 2 of the Building Regulations 2010. Please also note that L1(c) has now become regulation 40.

APPROVED DOCUMENTSThe following documents have been approved and issued by the First Secretary of State for the purpose of providing practical guidance with respect to the requirements of the Building Regulations 2010.

Approved Document A: Structure 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document B (Fire safety) – Volume 1: Dwellinghouses2006 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document B (Fire safety) – Volume 2: Buildings other than dwellinghouses 2006 edition incorporating 2007 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document C: Site preparation and resistance to contaminants and moisture 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document D: Toxic substances 1992 edition incorporating 2002 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document E: Resistance to the passage of sound 2003 edition incorporating 2004 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document F: Ventilation 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document G: Sanitation, hot water safety and water efficiency 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document H: Drainage and waste disposal 2002 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document J: Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document K: Protection from falling collision and impact 1998 edition incorporating 2000 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document L1A: Conservation of fuel and power – New dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document L1B: Conservation of fuel and power – Existing dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 and 2011 amendments

Approved Document L2A: Conservation of fuel and power – New buildings other than dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document L2B: Conservation of fuel and power – Existing buildings other than dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 and 2011 amendments

Approved Document M: Access to and use of buildings 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document N: Glazing – safety in relation to impact, opening and cleaning 1998 edition incorporating 2000 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document P: Electrical safety – Dwellings 2006 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document to support regulation 7: Materials and workmanship 1999 edition incorporating 2010 amendments



J

1ApprovedDocumentJ Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems

ContentsPAGE

What is an Approved Document? 3

HowtousethisApprovedDocument 3

Whereyoucangetfurtherhelp 3

Responsibilityforcompliance 4

The requirements 5

Limitationonrequirements 5

TypesofbuildingworkcoveredbythisApprovedDocument 5

Notificationofwork 6

Exemptions 6

Materialsandworkmanship 7

Supplementaryguidance 7

TechnicalSpecifications 7

Independentschemesofcertificationandaccreditation 7

Interactionwithotherlegislation 8

Maintenance 8

The Requirements J1, J2, J3, J4, J5, J6 and J7 9

Section 0: General guidance 10

Introductiontotheprovisions 10

Explanationoftermsused 10

Measuringthesizeoffluesandducts 16

Section 1: Provisions which apply generally to combustion installations 17

Performance 17

Airsupplyforcombustionappliances 17

Permanentlyopenventilationofrooms 17

Permanentventilationofappliancecompartments 17

Ventilationofotherroomsorspaces 17

Permanentlyopenairvents 19

ProvisionscomplyingwithbothPartFandPartJ 20

Interactionofmechanicalextractventilationandopen-fluedcombustionappliances 21

Provisionofflues 22

Condensatesinflues 22

Constructionofmasonrychimneys 22

Constructionofflueblockchimneys 22

Materialchangeofuse 23

PAGE

Connectingfluepipes 23

Repairofflues 23

Re-Useofexistingflues 24

Useofflexiblemetalfluelinersforthereliningofchimneys 24

Useofplasticfluepipesystems 24

Factory-mademetalchimneys 24

Concealedflues 25

Configurationofnaturaldraughtfluesservingopen-fluedappliances 26

Inspectionandcleaningopeningsinflues 27

Fluesdischargingatlowlevelnearboundaries 27

Dryliningaroundfireplaceopenings 27

Conditionofcombustioninstallationsatcompletion 27

NoticePlatesforhearthsandflues 28

Accesstocombustionappliancesformaintenance 28

Section 2: Additional provisions for appliances burning solid fuel (including solid biofuel) with a rated output up to 50kW 29

Airsupplytoappliances 29

Sizeofflues 29

Heightofflues 30

Outletsfromflues 30

Connectingfluepipes 32

Locationandshieldingofconnectingfluepipes 32

Debriscollectingspace 33

Masonryandflueblockchimneys 33

Separationofcombustiblematerialfromfireplacesandflues 34


Liningandreliningoffluesinchimneys 34

Formationofgathers 35

Hearths 37

Fireplacerecessesandprefabricatedappliancechambers 38

Fireplaceliningcomponents 40

Wallsadjacenttohearths 40

Alternativeapproach 40

Carbonmonoxidealarms 41

JO N L I N E V E R S I O N


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2Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems ApprovedDocumentJ

PAGE

Section 3: Additional provisions, for gas burning appliances 43

Gassafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations 43

Gasfires(otherthanfluelessgasfires) 45

Fluelessgasappliances 45

Airsupplytogasfiresandotherappliances 45

Flueddecorativefueleffect(DFE)fires 45

Fluedappliancesotherthandecorativefueleffectfires 45

Airsupplytofluelessappliances 45

Sizeofnaturaldraughtfluesforopenfluedappliances 47

Heightofnaturaldraughtfluesforopenfluedappliances 48

Outletsfromflues 48

Provisionofflues 51

Connectingfluepipecomponents 52

Masonrychimneys 52

Flueblockchimneys 52


Locationandshieldingofflues 52

Reliningoffluesinchimneys 52

Debriscollectionspaceforchimneys 53

Basesforbackboilers 53

Hearths 54

Shieldingofappliances 54


Section 4: Additional provisions for oil burning appliances 56

Scope 56

Appliancesfittedinbathroomsandshowerrooms 56

Airsupplytoappliances 56

Sizeofflues(otherthanbalancedfluesandfluesdesignedtodischargethroughoradjacenttowalls) 56

Outletsfromfluesandflueheights 56

Fluesforoil-firedappliances:fluegastemperature 59

Provisionsforfluegastemperaturesinexcessof250°C 59

Provisionsforfluegastemperaturesnotexceeding250°C 59

Connectingfluepipecomponents 59

PAGE

Masonrychimneys 60

Flueblockchimneys 60


Locationandshieldingofflues 60

Reliningoffluesinchimneys 60

FluesforappliancesburningClassDoil 61

Hearthsforoil-firedappliances 61

Shieldingofoil-firedappliances 61


Section 5: Provisions for liquid fuel storage and supply 63

Performance 63

Heatingoilstorageinstallations 63

Protectivemeasuresagainstfire 63

Oilsupplypipesystems:meansofautomaticisolation 64

Provisionswherethereisariskofoilpollution 64

LPGstorageinstallations 64

Tanklocationandprotectivemeasures 65

Locationandsupportofcylinders 65

LPGpipework(Informative) 67

APPENDICES

Appendix A:Checklistforcheckingandtestingofhearths,fireplaces,fluesandchimneys 68

Appendix B:Openingareasoflargeorunusualfireplaces 70

Appendix C:Examplecalculationoftheventilationrequirementsofagasfiredappliance 71

Appendix D:Examplecalculationoftheventilationrequirementsofanoilfiredappliance 72

Appendix E:MethodsofcheckingcompliancewithrequirementJ2 73

Appendix F:Assessingairpermeabilityofolderdwellingsinrelationtopermanentventilationrequirements 76

Appendix G:Europeanchimneydesignations 77

Appendix H:Addressees 79

Standards referred to 80

Other publications referred to 82

Index 83

J CONTENTS O N L I N E V E R S I O N


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ThisdocumenthasbeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStatetoprovidepracticalguidanceonwaysofcomplyingwithRequirementsJ1toJ7andregulations7oftheBuildingRegulations2010(SI2010/2214)forEnglandandWales.TheBuildingRegulations2010arereferredtothroughouttheremainderofthisDocumentas‘theBuildingRegulations’.WhereappropriatetheApprovedDocumentalsogivesguidanceonrelevantrequirementsintheBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc)Regulations2010(SI2010/2215).

TheintentionofissuingApprovedDocumentsistoprovideguidanceaboutcompliancewithspecificaspectsofbuildingregulationsinsomeofthemorecommonbuildingsituations.Theysetoutwhat,inordinarycircumstances,maybereasonableprovisionforcompliancewiththerelevantrequirement(s)ofbuildingregulationstowhichtheyrefer.

IfguidanceinanApprovedDocumentisfollowedtherewillbeapresumptionofcompliancewiththerequirement(s)coveredbytheguidance.However,thispresumptioncanbeoverturned,sosimplyfollowingguidancedoesnotguaranteecompliance.Forexample,ifoneparticularcaseisunusualinsomeway,then‘normal’guidancemaynotbeapplicable.Itisalsoimportanttonotethattheremaywellbeotherwaysofachievingcompliancewiththerequirements.There is therefore no obligation to adopt any particular solution contained in this Approved Document if you would prefer to meet the relevant requirement in some other way. However, persons intending to carry out building work should always check with their Building Control Body, either the local authority or an approved inspector, that their proposals comply with building regulations.

TheguidancecontainedinthisApprovedDocumentrelatesonlytotheparticularrequirementsofbuildingregulationsthatthedocumentaddresses(see‘Requirements’below).However,buildingworkmaybesubjecttomorethanonerequirementofbuildingregulations.Insuchcasestheworkwillalsohavetocomplywithanyotherapplicablerequirementsofbuildingregulations.

ThisdocumentisoneofaseriesthathasbeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStateforthepurposeofprovidingpracticalguidancewithrespecttotherequirementsofSchedule1andRegulation7oftheBuildingRegulations2010(SI2010/2215)forEnglandandWales.

AtthebackofthisdocumentisalistofallthedocumentsthathavebeenapprovedandissuedbytheSecretaryofStateforthispurpose.

How to use this Approved DocumentInthisdocumentthefollowingconventionshavebeenadoptedtoassistunderstandingandinterpretation:

a. Textshownagainst agreenbackground areextractsfromtheBuildingRegulationsorBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc)Regulations,andsetoutthelegalrequirementsthatrelatetocompliancewiththesanitation,hotwatersafetyandwaterefficiencyrequirementsofbuildingregulations.Itshouldberememberedhoweverthat,asnotedabove,buildingworksmustcomplywithalltheotherapplicableprovisionsofbuildingregulations.

b. KeytermsaredefinedinSection0andareprintedin italic text.

c. DetailsoftechnicalpublicationsreferredtointhetextofthisDocumentwillbegiveninfootnotesandrepeatedasendnotes.Areferencetoapublicationislikelytobemadeforoneoftwomainreasons.Thepublicationmaycontainadditionalormorecomprehensivetechnicaldetail,whichitwouldbeimpracticaltoincludeinfullintheDocumentbutwhichisneededtofullyexplainwaysofmeetingtherequirements;oritisasourceofmoregeneralinformation.Thereasonforthereferencewillbeindicatedineachcase.Thereferencewillbetoaspecifiededitionofthedocument.TheApprovedDocumentmaybeamendedfromtimetotimetoincludenewreferencesortorefertorevisededitionswherethisaidscompliance.

Where you can get further helpIfyoudonotunderstandthetechnicalguidanceorotherinformationsetoutinthisApprovedDocumentandtheadditionaldetailedtechnicalreferencestowhichitdirectsyou,thereareanumberofroutesthroughwhichyoucanseekfurtherassistance:

• TheCommunitiesandLocalGovernmentwebsite:www.communities.gov.uk

• ThePlanningPortalwebsite:www.planningportal.gov.uk

• Ifyouarethepersonundertakingthebuildingworkyoucanseekassistanceeitherfromyourlocalauthoritybuildingcontrolserviceorfromyourapprovedinspector(dependingonwhichbuildingcontrolserviceyouareusing,orintendtouse,tocertifycomplianceofyourworkwiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations).

What is an Approved Document? JO N L I N E V E R S I O N



J WHATISANAPPROVEDDOCUMENT?

• Personsregisteredwithacompetentpersonself-certificationschememaybeabletogettechnicaladvicefromtheirschemeoperator.

• Ifyourqueryisofahighlytechnicalnatureyoumaywishtoseektheadviceofaspecialist,orindustrytechnicalbody,fortherelevantsubject.

Responsibility for complianceItisimportanttorememberthatifyouaretheperson(e.g.designer,builder,installer)carryingoutbuildingworktowhichanyrequirementofbuildingregulationsappliesyouhavearesponsibilitytoensurethattheworkcomplieswithanysuchrequirement.Thebuildingownermayalsohavearesponsibilityforensuringcompliancewithbuildingregulationrequirementsandcouldbeservedwithanenforcementnoticeincasesofnon-compliance.

O N L I N E V E R S I O NPPROVEDO N L I N E V E R S I O NPPROVEDDO N L I N E V E R S I O NDOCUMENTO N L I N E V E R S I O NOCUMENT?O N L I N E V E R S I O N?


J


ThisApprovedDocument,whichtakeseffecton1October2010,dealswithcombustionappliancesandfuelstoragesystemsintheBuildingRegulations2010(asamended).

Limitation on requirements Inaccordancewithregulation8oftheBuildingRegulations,therequirementsinPartsAtoD,FtoKandNandP(exceptforparagraphsG2,H2andJ6)ofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulationsdonotrequireanythingtobedoneexceptforthepurposeofsecuringreasonablestandardsofhealthandsafetyforpersonsinoraboutbuildings(andanyotherswhomaybeaffectedbybuildingsormattersconnectedwithbuildings).

ParagraphG2isexcludedfromregulation8asitdealswiththeconservationofwater.ParagraphsH2andJ6areexcludedfromregulation8becausetheydealdirectlywithpreventionofthecontaminationofwaterandofoilpollution.PartsEandM(whichdeal,respectively,withresistancetothepassageofsoundandaccesstoanduseofbuildings)areexcludedfromregulation8becausetheyaddressthewelfareandconvenienceofbuildingusers.PartLisexcludedfromregulation8becauseitaddressestheconservationoffuelandpower.Allthesemattersareamongstthepurposes,otherthanhealthandsafetythatmaybeaddressedbyBuildingRegulations.

Types of work covered by this Approved DocumentBuilding work

Buildingwork,asdefinedinregulation3oftheBuildingRegulations2010,includestheerectionandextensionofabuilding,theprovisionorextensionofacontrolledserviceorfitting,andthematerialalterationofabuildingoracontrolledserviceorfitting.Inaddition,BuildingRegulationsmayapplyincaseswherethepurposesforwhichorthemannerorcircumstancesinwhichabuildingorpartofabuildingisusedchangeinthewaythatconstitutesamaterialchangeofuse.Underregulation4oftheBuildingRegulations2010(asamended),buildingworkshouldbecarriedoutinsuchawaythat,oncompletionofwork,

i. thebuildingcomplieswiththeapplicablePartsofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulations,

ii. inthecaseofanextensionormaterialalterationofabuilding,ortheprovision,extensionormaterialalterationofacontrolledserviceorfitting,whereitdidnotcomplywithanysuchrequirement,itisnomoreunsatisfactoryinrelationtothatrequirementthanbeforetheworkwascarriedout.

WorkdescribedinPartJconcernstheprovisionorextensionofcontrolledservicesorfittings.WorkassociatedwithinstallationscoveredinthesesectionsmaybesubjecttootherrelevantPartsoftheBuildingRegulations.

Material change of use

Amaterialchangeofuseoccursinspecifiedcircumstancesinwhichabuildingorpartofabuildingthatwaspreviouslyusedforonepurposewillbeusedinfutureforanother.WherethereisamaterialchangeofusetheBuildingRegulationssetrequirementsthatmustbemetbeforethebuildingcanbeusedforitsnewpurpose.

Regulation5oftheBuildingRegulationsspecifiesthefollowingcircumstancesasmaterialchangesofuse:

• abuildingisusedasadwellingwherepreviouslyitwasnot.

• abuildingcontainsaflatwherepreviouslyitdidnot.

• abuildingisusedasanhotelorboardinghousewherepreviouslyitwasnot.

• abuildingisusedasaninstitutionwherepreviouslyitwasnot.

• abuildingisusedasapublicbuildingwherepreviouslyitwasnot.

• abuildingnolongercomeswithintheexemptionsinSchedule2totheBuildingRegulationswherepreviouslyitdid.

• abuildingwhichcontainsatleastonedwellingcontainsagreaterorlessernumberofdwellingsthanitdidpreviously.

• abuildingcontainsaroomforresidentialpurposeswherepreviouslyitdidnot.

• abuildingwhichcontainsatleastoneroomforresidentialpuposescontainsagreaterorlessernumberofsuchroomsthanitdidpreviously.

• abuildingisusedasashopwherepreviouslyitwasnot.

PartsJ1toJ4willapplytoallthematerialchangesofusementionedabovewhichmeansthatwheneversuchchangesoccurthebuildingmustbebroughtuptothestandardsrequiredbyPartsJ1toJ4.

Historic buildings

Buildingsincludedinthescheduleofmonumentsmaintainedundersection1oftheAncientMonumentsandArchaeologicalAreasAct1979areexemptfromcompliancewiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.

The requirementsO N L I N E V E R S I O N



J THEREqUIREMENTS

ThereareotherclassesofbuildingswherespecialconsiderationmaybeneededindecidingwhatisadequateprovisionforcompliancewithPartJ:

a. listedbuildings;

b. buildingssituatedindesignatedconservationareas;

c. buildingswhichareofarchitecturalorhistoricinterestandwhicharereferredtoasamaterialconsiderationinalocalauthority’sdevelopmentplan;and

d. buildingsofarchitecturalandhistoricalinterestwithinnationalparks,areasofoutstandingornaturalbeautyandworldheritagesites.

ItwouldnotnormallybeconsideredappropriatetorelaxtherequirementsofPartJsincetheyrelatetohealthandsafety.However,itmaybenecessarytoseekalternativetechnicalsolutionstothosesetoutinthisapproveddocumentinordertoachievereasonablestandardsofsafetywithoutprejudicingthecharacterofthehostbuildingorincreasingtheriskoflong-termdeteriorationofthebuilding’sfabricorfittings.

Indeterminingwhatisappropriateinthecircumstances,theadviceofthelocalauthority’sconservationofficershouldbesought.Theviewsoftheconservationofficerareparticularlyimportantwherebuildingworkrequiresplanningpermissionand/orlistedbuildingconsent.

Notification of workInalmostallcasesofnewbuildingworkitwillbenecessarytonotifyaBuildingControlBody(BCB)inadvanceofanyworkstarting.Therearetwoexceptionstothis:whereworkiscarriedoutunderaself-certificationschemelistedinSchedule3,andwhereworkislistedinSchedule4totheBuildingRegulationsasbeingnotnotifiable.

Competent person self-certification schemes under Schedule 3

Underregulation12(6)oftheBuildingRegulationsitisnotnecessarytonotifyaBCBinadvanceofworkwhichiscoveredbythisApprovedDocumentifthatworkisofatypesetoutincolumn1ofSchedule3totheRegulationsandiscarriedoutbyapersonregisteredwitharelevantself-certification(competentpersons)schemeassetoutincolumn2ofthatSchedule.Inordertojoinsuchaschemeapersonmustdemonstratecompetencetocarryoutthetypeofworktheschemecovers,andalsotheabilitytocomplywithallrelevantrequirementsintheBuildingRegulations.

Thereareanumberofschemesauthorisedfortheinstallationofcombustionappliances.Detailsofcurrentschemesincludingthose

relatingtocombustionappliancescanbefoundfromwww.communities.gov.uk/planningandbuildingregulations/competentpersonsschemes.Fulldetailsoftheschemescanbefoundontheindividualschemewebsites.

Whereworkiscarriedoutbyapersonregisteredwithacompetentpersonscheme,regulation20oftheBuildingRegulationsandregulation20(1)oftheBuilding(ApprovedInspectorsetc.)Regulations2010requirethattheoccupierofthebuildingbegiven,within30daysofthecompletionofthework,acertificateconfirmingthattheworkcomplieswithallapplicableBuildingRegulationrequirements.ThereisaalsorequirementthattheBCBbegivenanoticethatthishasbeendone,oracopyofthecertificate,againwithin30daysofthecompletionofthework.Thesecertificatesandnoticesareusuallymadeavailablethroughtheschemeoperator.

BCBsareauthorisedtoacceptthesecertificatesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.However,localauthorityinspectionandenforcementpowersremainunaffected,althoughtheyarenormallyusedonlyinresponsetoacomplaintthatworkdoesnotcomply.

Work which is not notifiable under Schedule 4

Schedule4totheBuildingRegulationssetsouttypesofworkwherethereisnorequirementtonotifyaBCBthatworkistobecarriedout.Thesetypesofworkaremainlyofaminornaturewherethereisnosignificantrisktohealth,safety,waterefficiencyorenergyefficiency.Health,safety,andenergyefficiencyrequirementscontinuetoapplytothesetypesofwork;onlytheneedtonotifyaBCBhasbeenremoved.

Whereonlynon-notifiableworkassetoutinSchedule4iscarriedout,thereisnorequirementforacertificateconfirmingthattheworkcomplieswithBuildingRegulationrequirementstobegiventotheoccupierortheBCB.

Ingeneral,allworkonacombustionappliancewhichisnotarepairormaintenancewillbenotifiableworkandSchedule4willnotapply.However,itmightbepossibletoaddacontroldevicetotheapplianceortoalteritselectricalconnectionundertheallowanceinthisschedule.Localauthoritybuildingcontroldepartmentscangiveadviceincasesofdoubt.

ExemptionsSchedule2totheBuildingRegulationssetsoutanumberofclassesofbuildingswhichareexemptfromallBuildingRegulationsrequirements,includingthoseinPartJ.

O N L I N E V E R S I O NUIREMENTSO N L I N E V E R S I O NUIREMENTS



THEREqUIREMENTS JPleasenotethattheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)RegulationsapplytobuildingsexemptundertheBuildingRegulations.

Materials and workmanshipAnybuildingworkwithinthemeaningoftheBuildingRegulationsshould,inaccordancewithregulation7,becarriedoutwithpropermaterialsandinaworkmanlikemanner.

Youmayshowthatyouhavecompliedwithregulation7inanumberofways.TheseincludetheappropriateuseofaproductbearingCEmarkinginaccordancewiththeConstructionProductsDirective(89/106/EEC)asamendedbytheCEMarkingDirective(93/68/EEC)1oraproductcomplyingwithanappropriatetechnicalspecification(asdefinedinthoseDirectives),aBritishStandardoranalternativenationaltechnicalspecificationofanystatewhichisacontractingpartytotheEuropeanEconomicAreawhichinuseisequivalent,oraproductcoveredbyanationalorEuropeancertificateissuedbyaEuropeanTechnicalApprovalissuingbody,andtheconditionsofuseareinaccordancewiththetermsofthecertificate.

YouwillfindfurtherguidanceintheApprovedDocumentsupportingregulation7onmaterialsandworkmanship.

Supplementary guidanceTheDepartmentofCommunitiesandLocalGovernmentoccasionallyissuesadditionalmaterialtoaidinterpretationoftheguidanceinApprovedDocuments.ThismaterialmaybeconveyedinofficialletterstochiefexecutivesoflocalauthoritiesandApprovedInspectorsand/orpostedonthewebsitesaccessedthrough:www.communities.gov.uk/planningandbuilding/buildingregulations/.

Technical SpecificationsStandardsandtechnicalapprovalsarerelevantguidancetotheextentthattheyrelatetohealth,safetyorwaterefficiencyconsiderationsintheBuildingRegulations.Theymayalsoaddressotheraspectsofperformancesuchasserviceability,oraspectsthat,althoughtheyrelatetohealthandsafety,arenotcoveredbytheBuildingRegulations.

WhenanApprovedDocumentmakesreferencetoanamedstandard,therelevantversionofthestandardistheonelistedattheendofthepublication.However,ifthisversionofthestandardhasbeenrevisedorupdatedbytheissuingstandardsbody,thenewversionmaybeusedasasourceofguidanceprovidedthatitcontinuestoaddresstherelevantrequirementsRegulations.Whereitisproposedtoworktothe

1 ImplementedbytheConstructionProductsRegulations1991(SI/1991/1620),bytheConstructionProducts(Amendment)Regulations1991(SI1991/1620).

newversioninsteadoftheversionlistedattheendofpublication,thisshouldbediscussedwithBCBinadvanceofanyworkstarting.

Theappropriateuseofaproduct,whichcomplieswithaEuropeanTechnicalApprovalasdefinedintheConstructionProductsDirective,(89/106/EEC)shouldmeettherelevantrequirements.

Independent schemes of certification and accreditationMuchoftheguidancethroughoutthisdocumentisgivenintermsofperformance.

Sincetheperformanceofasystem,product,componentorstructureisdependentuponsatisfactorysiteinstallation,testingandmaintenance,independentschemesofcertificationandaccreditationofinstallersandmaintenancefirmswillprovideconfidenceintheappropriatestandardofworkmanshipbeingprovided.

Confidencethattherequiredlevelofperformancecanbeachievedwillbedemonstratedbytheuseofasystem,material,productorstructurewhichisprovidedunderthearrangementsofaproductconformitycertificationschemeandanaccreditationofinstallerscheme.

Thirdpartyaccreditedproductconformitycertificationschemesnotonlyprovideameansofidentifyingmaterialsanddesignsofsystems,productsandstructureswhichhavedemonstratedthattheyreachtherequisiteperformance,butadditionallyprovideconfidencethatthesystems,materials,productsandstructuresactuallyprovidedarethesamespecificationordesignasthattestedorassessed.

Thirdpartyaccreditationofinstallersofsystems,materials,productsandstructuresprovidesameansofensuringthatinstallationshavebeenconductedbyknowledgeablecontractorstoappropriatestandards,therebyincreasingthereliabilityoftheanticipatedperformance.

ManycertificationbodiesthatapprovesuchschemesareaccreditedbytheUnitedKingdomAccreditationService(UKAS).

BuildingControlBodiesmayacceptcertificationofproducts,components,materials,orstructuresundersuchschemesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerelevantstandard.SimilarlyBuildingControlBodiesmayacceptthecertificationofinstallationormaintenanceofproducts,components,materialsandstructuresundersuchschemesasevidenceofcompliancewiththerelevantstandard.NonethelessaBuildingControlBodywillwishtoestablishinadvanceofthework,thatanysuchschemeisadequateforthepurposeoftheBuildingRegulations.




J THEREqUIREMENTS

Interaction with other legislationThe Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992

TheWorkplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992containsomerequirementswhichaffectbuildingdesign.ThemainrequirementsarenowcoveredbytheBuildingRegulations,butforfurtherinformationsee:Workplacehealth,safetyandwelfare.Workplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992.ApprovedCodeofPracticeL24.PublishedbyHSEBooks1992(ISBN0717604136).

TheWorkplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992applytothecommonpartsofflatsandsimilarbuildingsifpeoplesuchascleanersandcaretakersareemployedtoworkinthesecommonparts.WheretherequirementsoftheBuildingRegulationsthatarecoveredbythisPartdonotapplytodwellings,theprovisionsmaystillberequiredinthesituationsdescribedaboveinordertosatisfytheWorkplaceRegulations.

The Clean Air Act 1993

UndertheCleanAirAct1993localauthoritiesmaydeclarethewholeorpartofthedistrictoftheauthoritytobeasmokecontrolarea.Itisanoffencetoemitsmokefromachimneyofabuilding,fromafurnaceorfromanyfixedboileriflocatedinadesignatedsmokecontrolareaunlessanauthorisedfuelwasused.Itisalsoanoffencetoacquirean‘unauthorisedfuel’forusewithinasmokecontrolareaunlessitisusedinan‘exempt’appliance(‘exempted’fromthecontrolswhichgenerallyapplyinthesmokecontrolarea).

AuthorisedfuelsarefuelswhichareauthorisedbyStatutoryInstruments(Regulations)madeundertheCleanAirAct1993.Theseincludeinherentlysmokelessfuelssuchasgas,electricityandanthracitetogetherwithspecifiedbrandsofmanufacturedsolidsmokelessfuels.Thesefuelshavepassedteststoconfirmthattheyarecapableofburninginanopenfireplacewithoutproducingsmoke.

Exemptappliancesareappliances(ovens,woodburners,boilersandstoves)whichhavebeenexemptedbyStatutoryInstruments(Orders)undertheCleanAirAct1993.Thesehavepassedteststoconfirmthattheyarecapableofburninganunauthorisedorinherentlysmokysolidfuelwithoutemittingsmoke.

Moreinformationanddetailsofauthorisedfuelsandexemptappliancescanbefoundontheinternetathttp://smokecontrol.defra.gov.uk/

MaintenanceTheguidanceinthisApprovedDocumentprovidesawayofensuringthatcombustionappliancescanfunctionsafely.Forcombustionappliancestocontinuetoworksafelyandeffectivelyitisessentialthattheyareadequatelyandregularlyservicedandmaintained.



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ThisApprovedDocument,whichtakeseffecton1October2010,dealswiththefollowingRequirementswhicharecontainedintheBuildingRegulations2010(asamendedbySI2001/2214).

Requirement Limitsonapplication

Part J Combustion Appliances and Fuel Storage Systems

Air supply

J1. Combustion appliances shall be so installed that there is an adequate supply of air to them for combustion, to prevent overheating and for the efficient working of any flue.

Discharge of products of combustion

J2. Combustion appliances shall have adequate provision for the discharge of products of combustion to the outside air.

Warning of release of carbon monoxide

J3. Where a fixed combustion appliance is provided, appropriateprovision shall be made to detect and give warning of the release of carbon monoxide.

Protection of building

J4. Combustion appliances and fluepipes shall be so installed, and fireplaces and chimneys shall be so constructed and installed, as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of people suffering burns or the building catching fire in consequence of their use.

Provision of information

J5. Where a hearth, fireplace, flue or chimney is providedor extended, a durable notice containing information on the performance capabilities of the hearth, fireplace, flue or chimney shall be affixed in a suitable place in the building for the purpose of enabling combustion appliances to be safely installed.

Protection of liquid fuel storage systems

J6. Liquid fuel storage systems and the pipes connecting them to combustion appliances shall be so constructed and separated from buildings and the boundary of the premises as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of the fuel igniting in the event of fire in adjacent buildings or premises.

Protection against pollution

J7. Oil storage tanks and the pipes connecting them to combustion appliances shall: (a) be so constructed and protected as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of the oil escaping and causing pollution; and (b) have affixed in a prominent position a durable notice containing information on how to respond to an oil escape so as to reduce to a reasonable level the risk of pollution.

Requirements J1 and J2 apply only to fixed combustion appliances (including incinerators).

Requirement J3 applies only to fixed combustion appliances located in dwellings.

Requirement J6 applies only to:

(a) fixed oil storage tanks with capacities greater than 90 litres and connecting pipes; and(b) fixed liquefied petroleum gas storage installations with capacities greater than 150 litres and connecting pipes, which are located outside the building and which serve fixed combustion appliances (including incinerators) in the building.

Requirement J7 applies only to fixed oil storage tanks with capacities of 3500 litres or less, and connecting pipes, which:

(a) are located outside the building; and(b) serve fixed combustion appliances (including incinerators) in a building used wholly or mainly as a private dwelling, but does not apply to buried systems.

Particularreferenceshouldbemadeto:

Approved Document Bforguidanceoncompartmentationofbuildingsforfiresafetypurposesandforappropriatedegreesoffireresistanceforcompartmentboundaries.

Approved Document Fforguidanceonventilationforhealth,andprovisionofextractventilationusingopenfluedcombustionappliances.

The Requirements J1/J2/J3/J4/J5/J6COMBUSTIONAPPLIANCESANDFUELSTORAGESYSTEMS JO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES ANDO N L I N E V E R S I O NAND FUELO N L I N E V E R S I O NFUEL STORAGEO N L I N E V E R S I O NSTORAGE SYSTEMSO N L I N E V E R S I O NSYSTEMS


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Introduction to the provisions0.1 ThisApprovedDocumentgivesguidanceonhowtosatisfytherequirementsofPartJ.AlthoughPartJappliestotheaccommodationofanycombustioninstallationandliquidfuelstoragesystemwithintheLimitsonApplication,theguidanceinthisApprovedDocumenthasbeenpreparedmainlywithdomesticinstallationsinmind,suchasthosecomprisingspaceandwaterheatingsystemsandcookersandtheirflues,andtheirattendantoilandliquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG)fuelstoragesystems.PartJdoesnotincludespecificprovisionsrelatingtothestorageofsolidfuel(includingsolidbiofuel)buttherelevantguidanceinApprovedDocumentBshouldbefollowed.

0.2 Theguidanceappliestocombustioninstallationshavingpowerratingsandfuelstoragecapacitiesuptothelimitsshownina)toc)below.GuidancewhichappliesgenerallyisgiveninthissectionandSection1.Morespecificguidanceisthengivenin:

a. Section2forsolidfuelinstallationsofupto45kWrated output;

b. Section3forgasinstallationsofupto70kWnet(77.7kWgross)rated input;

c. Section4foroilinstallationsofupto45kWrated heat output.

Section5givesguidanceonrequirementJ5forheatingoilstorageinstallationswithcapacitiesupto3500litresandLPGstorageinstallationswithcapacitiesupto1.1tonne,althoughthereisnosizelimitontheapplicationofrequirementJ5.Section5alsogivesguidanceonrequirementJ6,whichislimitedtoinstallationswherethecapacityoftheoilstoragetankis3500litresorless,servingbuildingsusedwhollyormainlyasprivatedwellings.

0.3 ForinstallationssubjecttotherequirementsofpartJbutoutsidethescopeofthisApprovedDocument,suchasincineratorsorinstallationswithhigherratingsthanthosementionedabove,specialistguidancemaybenecessary.However,somelargerinstallationsmaybeshowntocomplybyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationstobefoundintheCIBSE Guide BandpracticestandardsproducedbyBSIandIGEM.

Explanation of terms used0.4 ThefollowingdefinitionshavebeenadoptedsolelyforthepurposesofprovidingclarityinthisApprovedDocument.

1. Anappliance compartmentisanenclosurespecificallyconstructedoradaptedtoaccommodateoneormorecombustionappliances.

2. Abalanced compartmentisamethodofinstallinganopen-fluedapplianceintoacompartmentwhichissealedfromtheremainderofthebuildingandwhoseventilationissoarrangedinconjunctionwiththeapplianceflueastoachieveabalancedflueeffect.

3. Abalanced flueapplianceisatypeofroom-sealedappliancewhichdrawsitscombustionairfromapointoutsidethebuildingadjacenttothepointatwhichthecombustionproductsaredischarged,theinletandoutletbeingsodisposedthatwindeffectsaresubstantiallybalanced.Balancedfluesmayrunvertically,butinthemostcommonconfigurationtheydischargehorizontallythroughtheexternalwallagainstwhichtheapplianceissituated.

4. Theboundaryistheboundaryofthelandorbuildingsbelongingtoandunderthecontrolofthebuildingowner.DependingupontheparagraphsofthisApprovedDocumenttowhichitapplies,itmaybedrawnonlyaroundtheperimeterofthelandinquestionorextendedtothecentrelineofadjacentroutesorwaterwaysasshowninDiagram1.

5. ABuilding Control BodyisabodythatcarriesoutchecksforcompliancewiththeBuildingRegulationsonplansofbuildingworkandonthebuildingworkitself.TheBuildingControlBodymaybeeitherthelocalauthorityoranApprovedInspector.Forfurtherdetails,seethemanualtotheBuildingRegulations.

6. Thecapacityofanoiltankisitsnominalcapacityasstatedbythemanufacturer.Itisusually95percentofthevolumeofliquidrequiredtofillittothebrim.

Section 0: General guidance

Diagram1 Boundaries in thisApproved Document



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7. Achimneyisastructureconsistingofawallorwallsenclosingoneormoreflues(seeDiagram2).Inthegasindustry,thechimneyforagasapplianceiscommonlycalledtheflue.

8. Acombustion appliance(orappliance)isanapparatuswherefuelisburnedtogenerateheatforspaceheating,waterheating,cookingorothersimilarpurpose.Theappliancedoesnotincludesystemstodeliverfueltoitorforthedistributionofheat.Typicalcombustionappliancesareboilers,warmairheaters,waterheaters,fires,stovesandcookers.

9. ThedesignationsysteminBSEN1443:2003expressestheperformancecharacteristicsofachimneyoritscomponents,asassessedinaccordancewithanappropriateEuropeanproductstandard,bymeansofacodesuchasEN1234–T400 N1D1Gxx.FurtherinformationisgiveninAppendixG.

Sleeve

Diagram2 Chimneys and flues

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10.Adraught breakisanopeningformedbyafactory-madecomponentintoanypartoftheflueservinganopen-fluedappliance.Suchopeningsmaybeprovidedtoallowdilutionairtobedrawnintoaflueortolessentheeffectsofdown-draughtoncombustionintheappliance.

11.Adraught diverterisaformofdraughtbreakintendedtopreventconditionsinthemainlengthoffluefrominterferingwiththecombustionperformanceofanopen-fluedappliance(seeDiagram3(a)).Itallowstheappliancetooperatewithoutinterferencefromdown-draughtsthatmayoccurinadversewindconditionsandexcessivedraught.

12.Adraught stabiliserisafactory-madecounter-balancedflapdeviceadmittingairtotheflue,fromthesamespaceasthecombustionair,topreventexcessivevariationsinthedraught(seeDiagram3(b)).Itisusualforthesetobeinthefluepipeorchimney,buttheymaybelocatedontheappliance.

13.Equivalent areaisdefinedinBSEN13141-1:2004astheareaofasharp-edgedcircularorificewhichwouldpassthesameairflowrateatthesameappliedpressuredifferenceastheproductordevicebeingtested.Theequivalentareaofasimpleventilatorwillbelessthanthegeometricalfreeareaandforcomplexproductsmaybesignificantlyless.

14.Factory-made metal chimneys(alsoknownassystemchimneys)areprefabricatedchimneysthatarecommonlymanufacturedassetsofcomponentsforassemblyonsite(althoughtheycanbesuppliedasoneunit),havingtheperformanceappropriateforthe

intendedappliance.Theyareavailableinvariousmaterialsandtypesrangingfromsingle-walledmetalchimneyssuitableforsomegasappliancestotwin-walledchimneyswithinsulationsandwichedbetweenaninnerlinerandanoutermetalwallwhicharedesignedforoilorsolidfueluse.

15.Inafanned draughtinstallation,theproperdischargeofthefluegasesdependsupontheoperationofafan,whichmaybeseparatelyinstalledintheflueormaybeanintegralpartofthecombustionappliance.Fansincombustionapplianceseithermayextractfluegasesfromthecombustionchamberormaycausethefluegasestobedisplacedfromthecombustionchamberifthefanissupplyingitwithairforcombustion.Applianceswithfansprovidingthecombustionair(includingmostoil-firedandmanygas-firedboilers)arealsocommonlyreferredtoasforceddraughtappliances(seeDiagram4).Fluesinfanneddraughtinstallationsrunhorizontallyorverticallyandcanbeathigherorlowerpressuresthantheirsurroundings,dependentuponthelocationofthefan.

16.Afire compartmentisabuildingorpartofabuildingcomprisingoneormorerooms,spacesorstoreysconstructedtopreventthespreadoffiretoorfromanotherpartofthesamebuildingoranadjoiningbuilding.(Aroof-spaceabovethetopstoreyofafirecompartmentisincludedinthatfirecompartment.)Aseparated partofabuildingisaformofcompartmentationinwhichpartofabuildingisseparatedfromanotherpartofthesamebuildingbyacompartmentwall.Suchwallsrunthefullheightofthepartandareinoneverticalplane.FurtherinformationonthisisgiveninApprovedDocumentBVol2(seeSection8CompartmentationandAppendixCMethodsofMeasurement).

17.Afireplace recessisastructuralopening(sometimescalledabuilder’sopening)formedinawallorinachimneybreast,fromwhichachimneyleadsandwhichhasahearthatitsbase.Simplestructuralopenings(Diagram5(a))aresuitableforclosedappliancessuchasstoves,cookersorboilers,butgathers(Diagram5(b))arenecessaryforaccommodatingopenfires.Fireplacerecessesareoftenlinedwithfirebackstoaccommodateinsetopenfires(Diagram5(c)).Liningcomponentsanddecorativetreatmentsfittedaroundopeningsreducetheopeningarea.Itisthefinishedfireplaceopeningareawhichdeterminesthesizeoffluerequiredforanopenfireinsucharecess.

18.Thefire resistanceofacomponentorconstructionisameasureofitsabilitytowithstandtheeffectsoffireinoneormorewaysforastatedperiodoftime.GuidanceondeterminationofperformanceintermsoffireresistanceisgiveninApprovedDocumentB(FireSafety).

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Diagram3 Draught diverter and draught stabiliser

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19.Afire wallisameansofshieldingafueltankfromthethermalradiationfromafire.ForLPGtanks,italsoensuresthatgasaccidentallyleakingfromthetankorfittingsmusttravelbyalongerpathandthereforedispersesafely,beforereachingahazardsuchasanopeninginabuilding,aboundaryorotherpotentialignitionsource.

20.Aflue isapassagethatconveystheproductsofcombustionfromanappliancetotheoutsideair(seeDiagram2).

21.Flueblock chimneysystemsconsistofasetoffactory-madecomponents,madefromprecastconcrete,clayorothermasonryunits,thataredesignedforassemblyonsitetoprovideacompletechimneyhavingtheperformanceappropriatefortheintendedappliance.Therearetwotypesofcommonsystems,onebeingsolelyforusewithgas-burningappliancesandtheother,oftencalledchimneyblocksystems,beingprimarilydesignedforsolidfuel-burningappliances.

GENERALGUIDANCE J

Diagram4 Types of installation




22.Aflue box isafactorymadeunit,usuallymadeofmetal,whichissimilartoaprefabricatedappliancechamberexceptthatitisdesignedtoaccommodateagasburningapplianceinconjunctionwithafactory-madechimney.

23.Aflueless applianceisonewhichisdesignedtobeusedwithoutconnectiontoaflue.Itsproductsofcombustionmixwiththesurroundingroomairandareeventuallytransportedtotheoutsideasstaleairleavestheroom(seeDiagram4(g)).

24.Aflue lineristhewallofthechimneythatisincontactwiththeproductsofcombustion(seeDiagram2),suchasaconcreteflueliner,theinnerlinerofafactory-madechimneysystemoraflexiblelinerfittedintoanexistingchimney.

25.Aflue outletisthepointatwhichtheproductsofcombustionaredischargedfromthefluetotheoutsideatmosphere,suchasthetopofachimneypotorflueterminal.

26.Afluepipeisapipe,eithersinglewalled(bareorinsulated)ordoublewalled,whichconnectsacombustionappliancetoaflueinachimney.Forclarity,whenusedinthisway,itmaybecalledaconnectingfluepipe.(Fluepipeisalsousedtodescribethetubularcomponentsfromwhichsomefactorymadechimneysforgasandoilappliancesaremadeorfromwhichplasticfluesystemsaremade).

27.Ahearthisabaseintendedtosafelyisolateacombustionappliancefrompeople,combustiblepartsofthebuildingfabricandsoftfurnishings.Theexposedsurfaceofthehearthprovidesaregionaroundtheappliancewhichcanbekeptclearofanythingatriskoffire.Thebodyofthehearthmaybethininsulatingboard,asubstantialthicknessofmaterialsuchasconcreteorsomeintermediateprovisiondependentupontheweightanddownwardheatemissioncharacteristicsoftheappliance(s)uponit(seeDiagram6).

28.Theheat input rateisthemaximumrateofenergyflowintoanappliance.Itiscalculatedastherateoffuelflowtotheappliancemultipliedbyeitherthefuel’sgrossornetcalorificvalue.

Note:Traditionally,theUKhasusedGrossvalues,mostEuropeanstandardsuseNetvalues.Thusforgasappliancesitisnowthenormtoexpressthisratingasanetvalue(kW(net)).

29.Installation instructionsarethoseinstructionsproducedbymanufacturerstoenableinstallerstocorrectlyinstallandtestappliancesandfluesandtocommissionthemintoservice.

30.Inanatural draughtflue,thecombustionproductsflowintotheflueasaresultofthedraughtproducedduetothedifferencebetweenthetemperatureofthegaseswithin

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Diagram5 Fireplace recesses




theflueandthetemperatureoftheambientair.Tallerfluesproduceagreaterdraughtattheirbase.Exceptforthosebalancedflueapplianceswhicharedesignedtodischargedirectlythroughthewalladjacenttotheappliance,asatisfactorynaturaldraughtrequiresanessentiallyverticalrunofflue(seeDiagram4(a)and(b)).

31.Non-combustible material.Thisisthehighestlevelofreactiontofireperformance.Non-combustiblematerialsinclude:

a. anymaterialwhichwhentestedtoBS476-11:1982(2007)doesnotflamenorcauseanyriseintemperatureoneitherthecentre(specimen) orfurnacethermocouples;and

b. productsclassifiedasnon-combustibleintestsfollowingtheproceduresinBS476-4:1970(2007);

c. anymaterialclassifiedasclassA1inaccordancewithBSEN13501-1:2002Fireclassificationofconstructionproductsandbuildingelements.Classificationusingdatafromreactiontofiretests.

Typicalexamplesofsuchmaterialstobefoundinbuildingsincludetotallyinorganicmaterialssuchasconcrete,firedclay,ceramics,metals,plasterandmasonrycontainingnotmorethan1percentbyweightorvolumeoforganicmaterial.(Useinbuildingsofcombustiblemetalssuchasmagnesium–aluminiumalloysshouldbeassessedineachindividualcase.)

MoredetailedinformationisgiveninApprovedDocumentB(FireSafety).

32.A Notified Body,forthepurposesoftheGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations(1995),means:

a. abodywhichisapprovedbytheSecretaryofStateforTradeandIndustryasbeingcompetenttocarryouttherequiredAttestationproceduresforgasappliancesandwhosenameandidentificationnumberhasbeennotifiedbyhim/hertotheCommissionoftheEuropeanCommunityandtoothermemberStatesinaccordancewiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations(1995);

b. abodywhichhasbeensimilarlyapprovedforthepurposesoftheGasAppliancesDirectivebyanothermemberStateandwhosenameandidentificationnumberhasbeennotifiedtotheCommissionandtoothermemberStatespursuanttotheGasAppliancesDirective.

33.Anopen-flued applianceisonewhichdrawsitscombustionairfromtheroomorspacewithinwhichitisinstalledandwhichrequiresafluetodischargeitsproductsofcombustiontotheoutsideair(seeDiagram4(a),(c)and(e)).

34.Aprefabricated appliance chamberisasetoffactory-madeprecastconcretecomponentsdesignedtoprovideafireplacerecesstoaccommodateanappliancesuchasastove,andincorporatesagatherwhenusedwithanopenfire.Thechamberisnormallypositionedagainstawallandmaybedesignedtosupportachimney.Thechamberandchimneyareoftenenclosedtocreateafalsechimneybreast(seealso‘fluebox’).

35.Therated heat input(sometimesshortenedtoratedinput)foragasapplianceisthemaximumheatinputrateatwhichitcanbeoperated,asdeclaredontheappliancedataplate.(Seealsoheatinputrate.)

36.Therated heat outputforanoilapplianceisthemaximumdeclaredenergyoutputrate(kW)asdeclaredontheappliancedataplate.

Diagram6 The functions of hearths

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37.Therated heat outputforasolidfuelapplianceisthemanufacturer’sdeclarednominalenergyoutputrate(kW)fortheappliance.Thismaybedifferentfordifferentfuels.

38.Aroom-sealed appliancemeansanappliancewhosecombustionsystemissealedfromtheroominwhichtheapplianceislocatedandwhichobtainsairforcombustionfromaventilateduninhabitedspacewithinthebuildingordirectlyfromtheopenairoutsidethebuildingandwhichventstheproductsofcombustiondirectlytoopenairoutsidethebuilding(seeDiagram4(b),(d)and(f)).

39.Solid biofuel means,forthepurposeofthisApprovedDocument,asolidfuelderivedfromplantsandtrees.Itcanincludelogs,woodchips,woodpelletsandotherprocessedplantmaterial.

40.Athroatisacontractedpartofthefluebetweenafireplacerecessanditschimney(seeDiagram22).ThroatsareusuallyformedfromprefabricatedcomponentsasshowninDiagram29.

Measuring the size of flues and ducts0.5 Thesizeaflueorduct(area,diameteretc)shouldbemeasuredatrightanglestothedirectioninwhichgasesflow.Whereoffsetcomponentsareused,theyshouldnotreducetheflueareatolessthantheminimumrequiredforthecombustion appliance(seeDiagram7).

Diagram7 Measurement of flues and ducts

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Performance1.1 IntheSecretaryofState’sviewrequirementsJ1toJ5willbemetifthebuildingprovisionsforthesafeaccommodationofcombustion appliances:

a. enabletheadmissionofsufficientairfor:

i. thepropercombustionoffuelandtheoperationofflues;and

ii. thecoolingofapplianceswherenecessary;

b. enablenormaloperationofapplianceswithouttheproductsofcombustionbecomingahazardtohealth.

c. incorporateanappropriatemeansofwarningofareleaseofCarbonMonoxideforfixedappliancesthatburnsolidfuels;

d. enablenormaloperationofapplianceswithouttheircausingdangerthroughdamagebyheatorfiretothefabricofthebuilding;

e. havebeeninspectedandtestedtoestablishsuitabilityforthepurposeintended;

f. havebeenlabelledtoindicateperformancecapabilities.

Note:Whilst,forthepurposesofrequirementJ2A,itisconsideredappropriatetorequirecarbonmonoxidealarmsonlywithsolidfuelappliances,suchalarmscanstillreducetheriskofpoisoningfromothertypesofappliance.

Air supply for combustion appliances1.2 Combustion appliancesrequireventilationtosupplythemwithairforcombustion.Ventilationisalsorequiredtoensuretheproperoperationoffluesor,inthecaseofflueless appliances,toensurethattheproductsofcombustionaresafelydispersedtotheoutsideair.Installationofroom-sealed appliancesorthosewithadirectlyconnectedductedexternalairsupplywillminimiseventilationenergylossesfromtheroomandtheriskofcolddraughts.Insomecases,combustion appliancesmayalsorequireairforcoolingcontrolsystemsand/ortoensurethatcasingsremainsafetotouch(seeDiagram8).Generalguidanceonwhereitmaybenecessarytoinstallairventsforthesepurposesisgivenbelow.

1.3 Airventsizes,whicharedependentuponthetypeoffuelburned,aregiveninSections2,3and4andareforonecombustion applianceonly.Theairsupplyprovisionswillusuallyneedtobeincreasedwherearoomcontainsmorethanoneappliance(suchasakitchencontaininganopen-fluedboilerandanopen-fluedcooker).

Permanently open ventilation of rooms1.4 Aroomcontaininganopen-flued appliancemayneedpermanentlyopenairvents.Anopen-fluedappliancemustreceiveacertainamountofairfromoutside(‘combustionair’inDiagram8)dependentuponitstypeandrating.Infiltrationthroughthebuildingfabricmaybesufficientbutforcertainapplianceratingsandformsofconstruction,permanentopeningsarenecessary(seeDiagram8).

Permanent ventilation of appliance compartments1.5 Appliance compartmentsthatencloseopen-fluedcombustion appliancesshouldbeprovidedwithventslargeenoughtoadmitalloftheairrequiredbytheapplianceforcombustionandproperflueoperation,whetherthecompartmentdrawsitsairfromaroomordirectlyfromoutside(seeDiagram8(b)and(c)).

1.6 Whereappliancesrequirecoolingair,appliance compartmentsshouldbelargeenoughtoenableairtocirculateandhigh-andlow-levelventsshouldbeprovided(seeDiagram8(d),(e),(f)and(g)).

1.7 Whereappliancesaretobeinstalledwithinbalanced compartments(seeparagraph0.4(2)),specialprovisionswillbenecessaryandtheapplianceandventilationsystemmanufacturer’sinstructionsshouldbefollowed.

Ventilation of other rooms or spaces1.8 Ifanapplianceisroom-sealedbuttakesitscombustionairfromanotherspaceinthebuilding(suchastheroofvoid)orifafluehasapermanentopeningtoanotherspaceinthebuilding(suchaswhereitfeedsasecondaryflueintheroofvoid),thatspaceshouldhaveventilationopeningsdirectlytooutside.Wheretheroof-spaceistobeusedasasourceofairforacombustioninstallationservingadwelling,thedwellingroofventilationprovisionssuggestedinApprovedDocumentCwouldnormallybesatisfactory.

1.9 Wherefluedappliancesaresuppliedwithcombustionairthroughairventswhichopenintoadjoiningroomsorspaces,theadjoiningroomsorspacesshouldhaveairventopeningsofatleastthesamesizedirecttotheoutside.Airventsforflueless appliances,however,shouldopendirectlytotheoutsideair.

Section 1: Provisions which apply generally to combustion installations



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PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOJ COMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS

Diagram8 General air supply to a combustion appliance(forsizesseeSections2,3and4)

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Permanently open air vents1.10 Permanentlyopenairventsshouldbenon-adjustable,sizedtoadmitsufficientairforthepurposeintendedandpositionedwheretheyareunlikelytobecomeblocked.Ventilatorsshouldbeinstalledsothatbuildingoccupantsarenotprovokedintosealingthemagainstdraughtsornoise.Ventilationopeningsshouldnotbemadeinfire-resistingwallsotherthanexternalwalls(althoughtheyshouldnotpenetratethosepartsofexternalwallsshieldingLPGtanks).Airventsshouldnotbelocatedwithinafireplace recessexceptonthebasisofspecialistadvice.

1.11 Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetosizepermanentlyopenairventssothattheirequivalent areaissufficientfortheappliance(s)tobeinstalled(takingaccountwherenecessaryofobstructionssuchasgrillesandanti-verminmesh),andtositethem:

a. outsidefireplace recessesandbeyondthehearthsofopenfiressothatdustorashwillnotbedisturbedbydraughts;and

b. inalocationunlikelytocausediscomfortfromcolddraughts.

1.12 Whereventilationistobeprovidedviaasingleproprietaryassembly,forexamplewhenitisproposedtouseaproprietaryventilatorwithintegralgrillestobridgeacavitywall,theequivalentareaoftheventilatorshouldbetakenasthatdeclaredbythemanufacturerhavingbeenmeasuredbythemethodinBSEN13141-1:2004.

1.13 Wheretwoormorecomponentsaretobeusedtoprovideanon-proprietaryassembly,theassemblyshouldbekeptassimpleandsmoothaspossible.Theassemblyshouldbetakentohaveanequivalent areaequaltothatofthecomponentwiththesmallestequivalent areaintheassembly.

1.14 Theequivalent areastatedintheventilatormanufacturer’sliteratureormarkedontheairventshouldbeusedwheneveritisavailable,asthiscandifferconsiderablyfromthefreeareameasuredatoneendoftheairvent.Whenthisisnotavailabletheequivalent areaofasimpleventilatorwithnointernalbafflescanbetakenasthetotalunobstructedcross-sectionalarea,measuredintheplanewherethisareaisataminimumandatrightanglestothedirectionofairflow.Foranairbrick,grilleorlouvrewithaperturesnosmallerthan5mm,itwillbetheaggregatefreeareaoftheindividualaperturesasshownDiagram9.

PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOCOMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS J

Equivalentor Free area 1

(a) Ventilator assembled on site fromcomponents

The ventilator area is the smaller ofequivalent area (1 or 2) (as declaredby manufacturer), free area (1 or 2)(as measured in (b)) or the duct area.

Equivalentor Free area 2

Diagram9 Ventilator free areas



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1.15 Grillesormeshesprotectingairventsfromtheentryofanimalsorbirdsshouldhaveaperturedimensionsnosmallerthan5mm.

1.16 Discomfortfromcolddraughtscanbeavoidedbysupplyingairdirectlytoappliances,locatingventsclosetoappliances(forexamplebyusingfloorvents),bydrawingairfromintermediatespacessuchashallwaysorbyensuringgoodmixingofincomingcoldairbyplacingexternalairventsclosetoceilings(seeDiagrams10and11).Innoisyareasitmaybenecessarytoinstallnoise-attenuatedventilatorstolimittheentryofnoiseintothebuilding.TransferorconnectingventilationshouldbeatlowleveltoreducethetransferofsmokeintheeventofafireandotherwisemeettheguidancegiveninApprovedDocumentB.

1.17 Buildingsmayhaveair-tightmembranesintheirfloorstoisolatethemfromthegroundbelow.Ventilationductsorventsinstalledtosupplyairtocombustion appliancesshouldnotpenetratethesemembranesinawaythatwillrenderthemineffective.Suchmembranes(includingradon-proofmembranes)aredescribedinBREReportBR414(2001)andBREReportBR211(2007),whichgiveguidancewhenservicepenetrationsarenecessary.

Provisions complying with both Part F and Part J1.18 Roomsorspacesintendedtocontainopen-fluedcombustion appliancesmayneedpermanentventilationtocomplywithPartJandadjustableventilationtocomplywithPartF.Permanentlyopenairventsforcombustion appliancescanbeacceptedinplaceofsomeoralloftheadjustablebackgroundventilationforhealth,dependentuponopeningareaandlocation.HoweveradjustableventsinstalledtomeettherequirementsofPartFcannotbeusedassubstitutesfortheventilationopeningsneededtocomplywithPartJunlesstheyarefixedpermanentlyopen.

1.19 Roomsorspacesintendedtocontainflueless appliancesmayneed:permanentventilationandpurgeventilation(suchasopenablewindows)tocomplywithPartJ;andadjustableventilationandrapidventilationtocomplywithPartF.PermanentventilationprovisionstocomplywithPartJmaybeacceptableinplaceofadjustableventilationprovisionsforPartFsubjecttothelimitationsdescribedinParagraph1.18.Openableelementsinstalledfortherapidventilationofroomsandotherprovisionsmadefortherapidventilationofkitchens,inordertocomplywithPartF,maybeacceptableinplaceofopenableelementsfortherapidventilationofroomsorspacescontainingflueless appliances.


Well-

Well-

Diagram10 Location of permanent air vent openings, some examples



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Interaction of mechanical extract ventilation and open-flued combustion appliances1.20 Extractfanslowerthepressureinabuilding,whichcancausethespillageofcombustionproductsfromopen-flued appliances.Thiscanoccureveniftheapplianceandthefanareindifferentrooms.Ceilingfansproduceaircurrentsandhencelocaldepressurisation,whichcanalsocausethespillageoffluegasesfromopen-flued appliancesorfromsolidfuelopenfires.Inbuildingswhereitisintendedtoinstallopen-fluedcombustion appliancesandextractfans,thecombustion appliancesshouldbeabletooperatesafelywhetherornotthefansarerunning.Awayofshowingcomplianceinthesecircumstanceswouldbetofollowtheinstallationguidancebelow,andtoshowbyteststhatcombustion appliancesoperatesafelywhetherornotfansarerunning.

a. Forgasappliances:whereakitchencontainsanopen-fluedappliance,theextractrateofthekitchenextractfanshouldnotexceed20litres/second(72m³/hour).

b. Foroilappliances:wherearoomcontainsanopen-flued appliancetheextractrateshouldbelimitedto40litres/secondforanappliancewithapressurejetburnerand20litres/secondforanappliancewithavaporisingburner.

c. Forsolidfuelappliances:avoidinstallingextractventilationinthesameroom.Anopen-flued applianceinakitchenmaysatisfytherequirementsofPartFthroughpassivestackventilation.RefertoApprovedDocumentF.Ifmechanicalextractionisunavoidablethenseekspecialistadvicetoensuresafeoperationoftheappliance.

d. Forcommercialandindustrialinstallations,specialistadvicemaybenecessaryregardingthepossibleneedfortheinterlockingofgasheatersandanymechanicalventilationsystems.

e. WhenfansareusedtoextractradonfrombelowabuildingfollowtheguidanceinBREGoodBuildingGuideGBG25.

1.21 Asuitabletestwouldbetocheckforspillagewhenappliancesaresubjectedtothegreatestpossibledepressurisation.Aprerequisiteforthisconditionisthatallexternaldoors,windowsandotheradjustableventilatorstooutsideareclosed.Thedepressurisationattheappliancewilldependontheparticularcombinationoffansinoperation(fansintheroomcontainingtheapplianceandfanselsewhereinthebuilding)andthepatternofopeninternaldoors,hatchesetc.whichisestablishedatthetimeofthetest(whenfansshouldbeontheirmaximumuseablesetting),andthespecificcombinationcausingthegreatestdepressurisationattheappliancedependsuponthecircumstancesineachcase.Severaltests(whichshouldincludeatestwiththedoorleadingintotheroomofinstallationclosedandallfansinthatroomswitchedon)maythereforebenecessarytodemonstratethesafeoperationoftheappliancewithreasonablecertainty.Theeffectofceilingfansshouldbecheckedduringthetests.

1.22 Thepresenceofsomefansmaybeobvious,suchasthoseonviewinkitchens,butothersmaybelessobvious:fansinstalledindomesticappliancessuchastumbledryersandfansfittedtootheropen-flued combustion appliancescanalsocontributetodepressurisation.Inaddition,fansmayalsobeprovidedtodrawradongasfromthegroundbelowabuilding(seeParagraph1.17).


Diagram11 Provision of permanent air vent openings in a solid floor



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1.23 Theappliancemanufacturer’sinstallation instructionsmaydescribeasuitablespillagetestforgasappliancesbuttheprocedureinBS5440-1:2008canbeused.Foroil-firedappliancestheeffectsoffanscanbecheckedand,wherespillageorfluedraughtinterferenceisidentified,itmaybenecessarytoaddadditionalventilationtotheroomorspace.Afluedraughtinterferencetestforoil-firedappliancesisdescribedinOFTECTechnicalBooks2,4and5.

Provision of flues1.24 Appliancesotherthanflueless appliancesshouldincorporateorbeconnectedtosuitableflueswhichdischargetotheoutsideair.

1.25 ThisApprovedDocumentprovidesguidanceonhowtomeettherequirementsintermsofconstructingaflueorchimney,whereeachflueservesoneapplianceonly.FluesdesignedtoservemorethanoneappliancecanmeettherequirementsbyfollowingtheguidanceinBS5410-1:1997foroil-andBS5440-1:2008forgas-firedsystems.However,eachsolidfuelapplianceshouldhaveitsownflue.

Condensates in flues1.26 Chimneysandfluesshouldprovidesatisfactorycontrolofwatercondensation.Waysofprovidingsatisfactorycontrolinclude:

a. forchimneysthatdonotservecondensingappliances,byinsulatingfluessothatfluegasesdonotcondenseinnormaloperation

b. forchimneysthatdoservecondensingappliances:

i. byusingliningcomponentsthatareimpervioustocondensatesandsuitablyresistanttocorrosion(BSEN1443:2003‘W’designation)andbymakingappropriateprovisionsfordraining,avoidingledges,crevices,etc

ii. makingprovisionsforthedisposalofcondensatefromcondensingappliances.

Construction of masonry chimneys1.27 Newmasonrychimneysshouldbeconstructedwithflue linersandmasonrysuitablefortheintendedapplication.Waysofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetousebricks,medium-weightconcreteblocksorstone(withwallthicknessesasgiveninSection2,3or4accordingtotheintendedfuel)withsuitablemortarjointsforthemasonryandsuitablysupportedandcaulkedliners.Linerssuitableforsolidfuelappliances(andgenerallysuitableforotherfuels)couldbe:

a. linerswhoseperformanceisatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationT400N2D3G,asdescribedinBSEN1443:2003,suchas:

i. clayflue linerswithrebatesorsocketsforjointingmeetingtherequirementsforClassA1N2orClassA1N1asdescribedinBSEN1457:2009;or

ii. concreteflue linersmeetingtherequirementsfortheclassificationTypeA1,TypeA2,TypeB1orTypeB2asdescribedinBSEN1857:2003;or

iii. otherproductsthatmeetthecriteriaina).

1.28 Linersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewiththeirmanufacturer’sinstructions.Appropriatecomponentsshouldbeselectedtoformthefluewithoutcuttingandtokeepjointstoaminimum.Bendsandoffsetsshouldbeformedonlywithmatchingfactory-madecomponents.Linersneedtobeplacedwiththesocketsorrebateendsuppermosttocontainmoistureandothercondensatesintheflue.Jointsshouldbesealedwithfirecement,refractorymortarorinstalledinaccordancewiththeirmanufacturer’sinstructions.Spacesbetweentheliningandthesurroundingmasonryshouldnotbefilledwithordinarymortar.Intheabsenceoflinermanufacturer’sinstructions,thespacecouldbefilledwithaweakinsulatingconcretesuchasmixturesof:

a. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto20partssuitablelightweightexpandedclayaggregate,minimallywetted;or

b. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto6partsVermiculite;or

c. onepartordinaryPortlandcementto10partsPerlite.

Construction of flueblock chimneys1.29 Flueblock chimneysshouldbeconstructedoffactory-madecomponentssuitablefortheintendedapplicationinstalledinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions.Waysofmeetingtherequirementforsolidfuelappliances(andgenerallysuitableforotherfuels)includeusing:

a. flueblockswhoseperformanceisatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationT400N2D3G,asdescribedinBSEN1443:2003,suchas:

i. clayflueblocksatleastmeetingtherequirementsforClassFB1N2asdescribedinBSEN1806:2006

ii. otherproductsthatmeetthecriteriaina).

b. blockssuitableforthepurposelinedinaccordancewithParagraph1.27.

1.30 Jointsshouldbesealedinaccordancewiththeflueblockmanufacturer’sinstructions.Bendsandoffsetsshouldbeformedonlywithmatchingfactory-madecomponents.

PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOJ COMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NWHICHO N L I N E V E R S I O NWHICH APPLYO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLY GENERALLYO N L I N E V E R S I O NGENERALLY TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO

INSTALLATIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NINSTALLATIONS


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Material change of use1.31 Whereabuildingistobealteredfordifferentuse(e.g.itisbeingconvertedintoflats)thefire resistanceofwallsofexistingmasonrychimneysmayneedtobeimprovedasshowninDiagram12.

Connecting fluepipes1.32 Satisfactorycomponentsforconstructingconnectingfluepipesinclude:

a. castironfluepipescomplyingwithBS41:1973(1998)

b. metalfluepipesappropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-2:2004tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburnt–refertodetailedguidanceinSections2,3and4.

c. vitreousenamelledsteelpipecomplyingwithBS6999:1989(1996)

d. otherfluepipeshavingthenecessaryperformancedesignationforusewiththeintendedappliance.

1.33 Fluepipeswithspigotandsocketjointsshouldbefittedwiththesocketfacingupwardstocontainmoistureandothercondensatesintheflue.Jointsshouldbemadegas-tight.A

satisfactorywayofachievingthiswouldbetouseproprietaryjointingaccessoriesor,whereappropriate,bypackingjointswithnon-combustibleropeandfirecement.

Repair of flues1.34 Itisimportanttothehealthandsafetyofbuildingoccupantsthatrenovations,refurbishmentsorrepairstoflue linersshouldresultinfluesthatcomplywiththerequirementsofJ2toJ5.Thetestproceduresreferredtoinparagraph1.55andinAppendixEcanbeusedtocheckthis.

1.35 FluesarecontrolledservicesasdefinedinRegulation2oftheBuildingRegulations,thatistosaytheyareservicesinrelationtowhichPartJofSchedule1imposesrequirements.Ifrenovation,refurbishmentorrepairamountstoorinvolvestheprovisionofaneworreplacementflue liner,itis‘buildingwork’withinthemeaningofRegulation3oftheBuildingRegulations.‘Buildingwork’andmustnotbeundertakenwithoutpriornotificationtothelocalauthority.Examplesofworkthatwouldneedtobenotifiedinclude:

a. reliningworkcomprisingthecreationofnewfluewallsbytheinsertionofnewliningssuchasrigidorflexibleprefabricatedcomponents

Diagram12 Material change of use: fire protection of chimneys passingthrough other dwellings

PROVISIONSWHICHAPPLYGENERALLYTOCOMBUSTIONINSTALLATIONS JO N L I N E V E R S I O NWHICHO N L I N E V E R S I O NWHICH APPLYO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLY GENERALLYO N L I N E V E R S I O NGENERALLY TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO



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b. acastinsitulinerthatsignificantlyalterstheflue’sinternaldimensions.

Anyoneindoubtaboutwhetherornotanyrenovation,refurbishmentorrepairworkinvolvingaflueisnotifiable‘buildingwork’,couldconsultthebuildingcontroldepartmentoftheirlocalauthority,oranapprovedinspector.

Re-use of existing flues1.36 Whereitisproposedtobringaflueinanexistingchimneybackintouseortore-useafluewithadifferenttypeorratingofappliance,theflueandthechimneyshouldbecheckedand,ifnecessary,alteredtoensurethattheysatisfytherequirementsfortheproposeduse.Awayofcheckingbeforeand/orafterremedialworkwouldbetotesttheflueusingtheproceduresinAppendixE.

1.37 AwayofrefurbishingdefectiveflueswouldbetolinethemusingthematerialsandcomponentsdescribedinSections2,3,and4dependentuponthetypeofcombustion applianceproposed.Beforereliningflues,theyshouldbeswepttoremovedeposits.

1.38 Afluemayalsoneedtobelinedtoreducetheflueareatosuittheintendedappliance.Oversizefluescanbeunsafe.

1.39 Ifachimneyhasbeenrelinedinthepastusingametalliningsystemandtheapplianceisbeingreplaced,themetallinershouldalsobereplacedunlessthemetallinercanbeproventoberecentlyinstalledandcanbeseentobeingoodcondition.

Use of flexible metal flue liners for the relining of chimneys1.40 Awayofreliningachimneywouldbetouseaflexiblemetalflue liner,appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-2:2004tosuittheappliance,fuelandfluegascharacteristics.Flexibleflue linersshouldbeusedonlytorelineachimneyandshouldnotbeusedastheprimarylinerofanewchimney.Theycanbeusedtoconnectgasbackboilerstochimneyswheretheapplianceislocatedinafireplace recess.

Use of plastic fluepipe systems1.41 Awayofusingplasticfluesystemsandlinerswouldbetouseaplasticflue,appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN14471:2005tosuitetheappliance,fuelandfluecharacteristics.Plasticfluepipesystemscanbeacceptableinsomecases,forexamplewithcondensingboilerinstallations,wherethefluepipesaresuppliedbyorspecifiedbytheappliancemanufacturerasbeingsuitableforpurpose.

Factory-made metal chimneys1.42 Waysofmeetingtherequirementswhenproposingfactory-made metal chimneysinclude:

a. usingcomponentsystemsappropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburntandinstallingtheminaccordancewiththerelevantrecommendationsofBSEN15287-1:2007;

b. forgasandforoilapplianceswherefluetemperatureswillnotnormallyexceed250°C,usingtwin-walledcomponentsystems(and,forgas,single-walledcomponentsystems)appropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003tosuittheapplianceandtypesoffuelstobeburntandinstallinggasappliancesinaccordancewithBS5440-1:2008;

c. usinganyotherchimneysystemthatissuitablefortheintendedpurposeandinstalledinaccordancewiththerelevantrecommendationsinBSEN15287-1:2007orBS5440-1:2008,asappropriatetothetypeofappliancebeinginstalled.

1.43 Whereafactory-made metal chimneypassesthroughawall,sleevesshouldbeprovidedtopreventdamagetotheflueorbuildingthroughthermalexpansion.Tofacilitatethecheckingofgas-tightness,jointsbetweenchimneysectionsshouldnotbeconcealedwithinceilingjoistspacesorwithinthethicknessesofwallswithoutproperaccessbeingprovided(seeparagraph1.47).

1.44 Whenprovidingafactory-made metal chimney,provisionshouldbemadetowithdrawtheappliancewithouttheneedtodismantlethechimney.

1.45 Factory-made metal chimneysshouldbekeptasuitabledistanceawayfromcombustiblematerials.WaysofmeetingtherequirementforchimneysdesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003comprise:

a. locatingthechimneynotlessthandistance‘xx’fromcombustiblematerial,where‘xx’isdefinedinBSEN1856-1:2003asshowninDiagram13;

b. whereachimneypassesthroughacupboard,storagespaceorroofspace,providingaguardplacednoclosertotheouterwallofthechimneythanthedistanceina)above.

1.46 Whereafactory-made metal chimneypenetratesafire compartmentwallorfloor,itmustnotbreachthefireseparationrequirementsofPartB.SeeApprovedDocumentBformoreguidancebuttherequirementsmaybemetby:

a. usingafactory-made metal chimneyoftheappropriateleveloffire resistanceinstalledinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003AnnexNA;or

b. casingthechimneyinnon-combustible materialgivingatleasthalfthefire resistancerecommendedforthefire compartmentwallorfloor.




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Concealed flues1.47 Whereaflueisroutedwithinavoid,appropriatemeansofaccessatstrategiclocationsshouldbeprovidedtoallowthefollowingaspectstobevisuallycheckedandconfirmed.Thisisnecessarybothwhenanapplianceisfirstinstalledandsubsequentlywhentheapplianceisserviced:

• theflueiscontinuousthroughoutitslength

• alljointsappearcorrectlyassembledandareappropriatelysealed

• theflueisadequatelysupportedthroughoutitslength

• anyrequiredgradientoffallbacktotheboiler(requiredtorecoverthecondensateproducedaspartofthecombustionprocess)andanyotherrequireddrainpointshavebeenprovided.

Meansofaccessforfluesneedstobesufficientlysizedandpositionedtoallowavisualinspectiontobeundertakenoftheflue,particularlyatanyjointsintheflue.Itisnotintendedthatthemeansofaccessshouldbesizedtoallowfullphysicalaccesstothefluesystem.Diagram14showsanacceptableapproachforaflueinanceilingvoid.

Fluesshouldnotpassthroughanotherdwellingsinceaccessforinspectionmaynotalwaysbeavailabletothatdwellingandchimneysystemrunningthroughit.Fluesmaypassthroughcommunalareasincludingpurpose-designedductswhereinspectionaccessisprovided.

Any‘meansofaccess’shouldnotimpairanyfire,thermaloracousticrequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.RefertotherelevantguidanceinApprovedDocumentsB,LandE.Wherenecessary,inspectionpanelsorhatchesshouldbefittedwithresilientsealsandprovidethesimilarstandardsoffire,thermalandacousticisolationtothesurroundingstructure.

Accesshatchesshouldbeatleast300mmx300mmorlargerwherenecessarytoallowsufficientaccesstothevoidtolookalongthelengthoftheflue.Digram14showsanacceptableapproachtoprovidingaccesstoahorizontalfluelocatedwithinaceilingvoid.


Distance xx

distance (xxmm) asdesignated to BS EN 1856-1

xx

xx

Diagram13 The separation of combustible material from a factory-made metalchimney designated to BS EN 1856-1:2003



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Configuration of natural draught flues serving open-flued appliances1.48 Fluesystemsshouldofferleastresistancetothepassageoffluegasesbyminimisingchangesindirectionorhorizontallength.Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetobuildfluessothattheyarestraightandverticalexceptfortheconnectionstocombustion applianceswithrearoutletswherethehorizontalsectionshouldnotexceed150mm.Wherebendsareessential,theyshouldbeangledatnomorethan45°tothevertical.

1.49 Provisionsshouldbemadetoenablefluestobesweptandinspected.Awayofmakingreasonableprovisionwouldbetolimitthenumberofchangesofdirectionbetweenthecombustion applianceoutletandtheflue outlettonotmorethanfour(eachupto45°),withnotmorethantwoofthesebeingbetweenanintendedpointofaccessforsweepingandeitheranotherpointofaccessforsweepingortheflue outlet.(90°factory-madebends,elbowsorTeepiecesinfluepipesmaybetreatedasbeingequaltotwo45°bends(seeDiagram15)).


Flue terminal Flue terminalExternal wall

Inte

rnal

wal

l

Inspection hatchx

x

x

Inspection hatch

Concealedflue connection

All voids containing concealed flues should have at least one inspection hatchmeasuring at least 300mm square.

No flue joint within the void should be more than 1.5m distant from the edge of the nearest inspection hatch, i.e. dimension x in the diagram should be less than 1.5m.

Where possible inspection hatches should be located at changes of direction.Where this is not possible then bends should be viewable from both directions.

Accessibleflue connection

Boiler A

Boiler B

Any intervening jointsto be visible within 1.5m of an inspectionhatch

Any intervening jointsto be visible within 1.5m of an inspectionhatch

Inspection hatch

Inspection hatch

+

xx

Diagram14 Example locations of access panels for concealed horizontal flues



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Inspection and cleaning openings in flues1.50 Aflueshouldnothaveopeningsintomorethanoneroomorspaceexceptforthepurposesof:

a. inspectionorcleaning;or

b. fittinganexplosiondoor,draught break,draught stabiliserordraught diverter.

1.51 Openingsforinspectionandcleaningshouldbeformedusingpurposefactory-madecomponentscompatiblewiththefluesystem,havinganaccesscoverthathasthesamelevelofgas-tightnessasthefluesystemandanequallevelofthermalinsulation.Openingsforcleaningtheflueshouldalloweasypassageofthesweepingbrush.Coversshouldalsobenon-combustibleexceptwherefittedtoacombustiblefluepipe(suchasaplasticfluepipe).Aftertheappliancehasbeeninstalled,itshouldbepossibletosweepthewholeflue.

Flues discharging at low level near boundaries1.52 Fluesdischargingatlowlevelnearboundariesshoulddosoatpositionswherethebuildingownerwillalwaysbeabletoensuresafefluegasdispersal.AwayofachievingthiswhereownersofadjacentlandcouldbuilduptotheboundarywouldbetoadoptthesuggestionsinDiagram34or41,asrelevant.

Dry lining around fireplace openings1.53 Whereadecorativetreatment,suchasafireplacesurround,masonrycladdingordrylining,isprovidedaroundafireplaceopening,anygapsthatcouldallowfluegasestoescapefromthefireplaceopeningintothevoidbehindthedecorativetreatmentshouldbesealedtopreventsuchleakage.Thesealingmaterialshouldbecapableofremaininginplacedespiteanyrelativemovementbetweenthedecorativetreatmentandthefireplace recess.

Condition of combustion installations at completion1.54 ResponsibilityforachievingcompliancewiththerequirementsofPartJrestswiththepersoncarryingoutthework.That‘person’maybe,e.g.,aspecialistfirmdirectlyengagedbyaprivateclientoritmaybeadeveloperormaincontractorwhohascarriedoutworksubjecttoPartJorengagedasub-contractortocarryitout.Inordertodocumentthestepstakentoachievecompliancewiththerequirements,areportshouldbedrawnupshowingthatmaterialsandcomponentsappropriatetotheintendedapplicationhavebeenusedandthatflueshavepassedappropriatetests.AsuggestedchecklistforsuchareportisgivenatAppendixAandguidanceontestingisgivenatAppendixE.Otherformsofreportmaybeacceptable.Specialistfirmsshouldprovidethereporttotheclient,developerormaincontractor,whomaybeaskedfordocumentationbytheBuilding Control Body.


Diagram15 Bends in flues




1.55 Fluesshouldbecheckedatcompletiontoshowthattheyarefreefromobstructions,satisfactorilygas-tightandconstructedwithmaterialsandcomponentsofsizeswhichsuittheintendedapplication.Wherethebuildingworkincludestheinstallationofacombustion appliance,testsshouldcoverfluepipesand[thegas-tightnessof]jointsbetweenfluepipesandcombustion applianceoutlets.AspillagetesttocheckforcompliancewithJ2shouldbecarriedoutwiththeapplianceunderfire,aspartoftheprocessofcommissioningtocheckforcompliancewithPartL,and(inrelevantcases)asrequiredbytheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations.

1.56 Hearthsshouldbeconstructedwithmaterialsandcomponentsofsizestosuittheintendedapplicationandshouldshowtheareawherecombustiblematerialsshouldnotintrude.

Notice plates for hearths and flues (Requirement J5)1.57 Whereahearth,fireplace(includingaflue box),flueorchimneyisprovidedorextended(includingcaseswhereaflueisprovidedaspartoftherefurbishmentwork),informationessentialtothecorrectapplicationanduseofthesefacilitiesshouldbepermanentlypostedinthebuilding.AwayofmeetingthisrequirementwouldbetoprovideanoticeplateasshowninDiagram16conveyingthefollowinginformation:

a. thelocationofthehearth,fireplace(orflue box)orthelocationofthebeginningoftheflue;

b. thecategoryoftheflueandgenerictypesofappliancesthatcanbesafelyaccommodated;

c. thetypeandsizeoftheflue(oritslinerifithasbeenrelined)andthemanufacturer’sname;

d. theinstallationdate.

1.58 Noticeplatesshouldberobust,indeliblymarkedandsecurelyfixedinanunobtrusivebutobviouspositionwithinthebuildingsuchas:

a. nexttotheelectricityconsumerunit;or

b. nexttothechimneyorhearthdescribed;or

c. nexttothewatersupplystop-cock.

1.59 ForchimneyproductswhoseperformancecharacteristicshavebeenassessedinaccordancewithaEuropeanStandard(EN)andwhicharesuppliedormarkedwithadesignation,theinstallermayoptionallyincludethisdesignationonthelabelasshowninDiagram16.

Access to combustion appliances for maintenance1.60 Thereshouldbeapermanentmeansofsafeaccesstoappliancesformaintenance.Roofspaceinstallationsofgas-firedappliancesshouldcomplywiththerequirementsofBS6798:2009.

Diagram16 Example notice plate for hearths and flues




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Air supply to appliances2.1 AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoadoptthegeneralguidancegiveninSection1,beginningatParagraph1.2,inconjunctionwiththeguidancebelow.

2.2 AnyroomorspacecontaininganapplianceshouldhaveapermanentairventopeningofatleastthesizeshowninTable1.Forappliancesdesignedtoburnarangeofdifferentsolidfuelstheairsupplyshouldbedesignedtoaccommodateburningthefuelthatproducesthehighestheatingoutput.

2.3 Somemanufacturersmayspecifyevenlargerareasofpermanentlyopenairventsoromittospecifyarated output(forexampleinthecaseofacooker).Inthesecases,manufacturers’installation instructionsshouldbefollowedsubjecttoanyminimumventilationprovisionsofthisApprovedDocument.

Table1 Air supply to solid fuel appliances

Type of appliance Type and amount of ventilation (1)

Openappliance,suchasanopenfirewithnothroat,e.g.afireunderacanopyasinDiagram23.

Permanentlyopenairvent(s)withatotalequivalentareaofatleast50%ofthecrosssectionalareaoftheflue.

Openappliance,suchasanopenfirewithathroatasinDiagrams22and29.

Permanentlyopenairvent(s)withatotalequivalentareaofatleast50%ofthethroatopeningarea.(2)

Otherappliance,suchasastove,cookerorboiler,withafluedraughtstabiliser.

Permanentlyopenventsasbelow:

Ifdesignairpermeability>5.0m3/(h.m2)then

300mm2/kWforfirst5kWofapplianceratedoutput

850mm2/kWforbalanceofapplianceratedoutput

Ifdesignairpermeability5.0m3/(h.m2)then850mm2/kWofapplianceratedoutput(4)

Otherappliance,suchasastove,cookerorboiler,withnofluedraughtstabiliser.

Permanentlyopenventsasbelow:

Ifdesignairpermeability>5.0m3/(h.m2)then

550mm2/kWofapplianceratedoutputabove5kW

Ifdesignairpermeability5.0m3/(h.m2)then550mm2perkWofapplianceratedoutput(4)

Notes:

1. EquivalentareaisasmeasuredaccordingtothemethodinBSEN13141-1:2004orestimatedaccordingtoparagraph1.14.Dividetheareagiveninmm2by100tofindthecorrespondingareaincm2

2. ForsimpleopenfiresasdepictedinDiagram29,therequirementcanbemetwithroomventilationareasasfollows:

Nominalfiresize(fireplaceopeningsize) 500mm 450mm 400mm 350mm

Totalequivalentareaofpermanentlyopenairvents 20,500mm2 18,500mm2 16,500mm2 14,500mm2

3. Example:anappliancewithafluedraughtstabiliserandaratedoutputof7kWwouldrequireanequivalentareaof:[5x300]+[2x850]=3200mm2

4. Itisunlikelythatadwellingconstructedpriorto2008willhaveanairpermeabilityoflessthan5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Paunlessextensivemeasureshavebeentakentoimproveair-tightness.SeeAppendixF.

Size of flues2.4 Fluepipesshouldhavethesamediameterorequivalentcross-sectionalareaasthatoftheapplianceflue outletandshouldnotbesmallerthanthesizerecommendedbytheappliancemanufacturer.

2.5 FluesshouldbeatleastthesizeshowninTable2relevanttotheparticularappliance,andnotlessthanthesizeoftheapplianceflue outletorthatrecommendedbytheappliancemanufacturer.

Section 2: Additional provisions for appliances burning solid fuel (including solid biofuel) with a rated output up to 50kW



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2.6 Formulti-fuelappliances,theflueshouldbesizedtoaccommodateburningthefuelthatrequiresthelargestflue.

Table2 Size of flues in chimneys

Installation (1) Minimum flue size

Fireplacewithanopeningofupto500mmx550mm 200mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan175mm

Fireplacewithanopeninginexcessof500mmx550mmorafireplaceexposedontwoormoresides

Seeparagraph2.7.Ifrectangular/squarefluesareusedtheminimumdimensionshouldbenotlessthan200mm

Closedapplianceofupto20kWratedoutputwhich:a) burnssmokelessorlow-volatilesfuel(2)orb) isanappliancewhichmeetstherequirementsof

theCleanAirActwhenburninganappropriatebituminouscoal(3)

orc) isanappliancewhichmeetstherequirementsof

theCleanAirActwhenburningwood(3)

125mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan100mmforstraightfluesor125mmforflueswithbendsoroffsets

PelletburnerorpelletboilerwhichmeetstherequirementsoftheCleanAirAct(3)

125mmdiameter

Thismaybereducedtonolessthan100mmwhenpermittedbytheappliancemanufacturerandsupportedbycalculationaccordingtoBSEN13384-1:2002.Thiscalculationcanbeappliedtoanindividualinstallationormanufacturerscanprovideprecalculateddesigns.

Otherclosedapplianceofupto30kWratedoutputburninganyfuel

150mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan125mm

Closedapplianceofabove30kWandupto50kWratedoutputburninganyfuel

175mmdiameterorrectangular/squareflueshavingthesamecross-sectionalareaandaminimumdimensionnotlessthan150mm

Notes:

1. Closedappliancesincludecookers,stoves,roomheatersandboilers.

2. Fuelssuchasbituminouscoal,untreatedwoodorcompressedpaperarenotsmokelessorlow-volatilesfuels.

3. Theseappliancesareknownas‘exemptedfireplaces’.

ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDJ FUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW

2.7 Forfireplaceswithopeningslargerthan500mmx550mmorfireplacesexposedontwoormoresides(suchasafireplaceunderacanopyoropenonbothsidesofacentralchimneybreast)awayofshowingcompliancewouldbetoprovideafluewithacross-sectionalareaequalto15percentofthetotalfaceareaofthefireplaceopening(s)(seeAppendixB).However,specialistadviceshouldbesoughtwhenproposingtoconstructflueshavinganareaof:

a. morethan15percentofthetotalfaceareaofthefireplaceopenings;or

b. morethan120,000mm²(0.12m²).

Height of flues2.8 Fluesshouldbehighenoughtoensuresufficientdraughttocleartheproductsofcombustion.Theheightnecessaryforthiswilldependuponthetypeoftheappliance,theheightofthebuilding,thetypeofflueandthenumberofbendsinit,andanassessmentoflocalwindpatterns.However,aminimumflueheightof4.5mcouldbesatisfactoryiftheguidanceinParagraphs2.10to2.12isadopted.Asanalternativeapproach,thecalculationprocedurewithinBSEN13384-1:2005canbe

usedasthebasisfordecidingwhetherachimneydesignwillprovidesufficientdraught.

2.9 Theheightofaflueservinganopenfireismeasuredverticallyfromthehighestpointatwhichaircanenterthefireplacetothelevelatwhichthefluedischargesintotheoutsideair.Thehighestpointofairentryintothefireplacecouldbethetopofthefireplaceopeningor,forafireunderacanopy,thebottomofthecanopy.Theheightofaflueservingaclosedapplianceismeasuredverticallyfromtheapplianceoutlet.

Outlets from flues2.10 Theoutletfromaflueshouldbeabovetheroofofthebuildinginapositionwheretheproductsofcombustioncandischargefreelyandwillnotpresentafirehazard,whateverthewindconditions.

2.11 Flue outletpositionswhichcanmeettherequirementsincommoncircumstancesareshowninDiagram17.Thechimneyheightsand/orseparationsshownmayneedtobeincreasedinparticularcaseswherewindexposure,surroundingtallbuildings,hightreesorhighgroundcouldhaveadverseeffectsonfluedraught.

O N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNINGRATEDO N L I N E V E R S I O NRATED OUTPUTO N L I N E V E R S I O NOUTPUT UPO N L I N E V E R S I O NUP TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO 50kWO N L I N E V E R S I O N50kW


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ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORAPPLIANCESBURNINGSOLIDFUELWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO50kW J

Regulated building

Adjacent building

Point where flue passes through weather surface (Notes 1, 2) Clearances to flue outlet

A At or within 600mm of the ridge

At least 600mm above the ridge

B Elsewhere on a roof (whether pitched or flat)

At least 2300mm horizontally from the nearest point on the weather surface and:

a) at least 1000mm above the highest point of intersection of the chimney and the weather surface; or

b) at least as high as the ridge.

C Below (on a pitched roof) or within 2300mm horizontally to an openable rooflight, dormer window or other opening (Note 3)

At least 1000mm above the top of the opening.

D Within 2300mm of an adjoining or adjacent building, whether or not beyond the boundary (Note 3)

At least 600mm above any part of the adjacent building within 2300mm.

Notes

1) The weather surface is the building external surface, such as its roof, tiles or external walls.

2) A flat roof has a pitch less than 10°.

3) The clearances given for A or B, as appropriate, will also apply.

4) A vertical flue fixed to an outside wall should be treated as equivalent to an inside flue emerging at the nearest edge of the roof.

Diagram17 Flue outlet positions for solid fuel appliances



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2.12 Awayofmeetingtherequirementswherefluesdischargeonorincloseproximitytoroofswithsurfaceswhicharereadilyignitable,suchaswhereroofsarecoveredinthatchorshingles,wouldbetoincreasetheclearancestoflue outletstothoseshowninDiagram18.

Note:Thatchedroofscansometimesbevulnerabletospontaneouscombustioncausedbyheattransferredfromfluesbuildingupinthicklayersofthatchincontactwiththechimney.Toreducetheriskitisrecommendedthatrigidtwin-walledinsulatedmetal flue linersbeusedwithinaventilated(topandbottom)masonrychimneyvoidprovidedtheyareadequatelysupportedandnotindirectcontactwiththemasonry.Non-metallicchimneysandcastin-situflue linerscanalsobeusedprovidedtheheattransfertothethatchisassessedinrelationtothedepthofthatchandriskofspontaneouscombustion.

Sparkarrestorsarenotgenerallyrecommendedastheycanbedifficulttomaintainandmayincreasetheriskofflueblockageandfluefires.

FurtherinformationandrecommendationsarecontainedinHetasInformationPaper1/007Chimneys in Thatched Properties.

Connecting fluepipes2.13 ForconnectingfluepipesawayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetofollowthegeneralguidanceinParagraphs1.32and1.33.

Location and shielding of connecting fluepipes2.14 Connectingfluepipesshouldbeusedonlytoconnectappliancestotheirchimneys.Theyshouldnotpassthroughanyroofspace,partition,internalwallorfloor,excepttopassdirectlyinto


Diagram18 Flue outlet positions for solid fuel appliances – clearances to easilyignited roof coverings (Note:ThisdiagramneedstobereadinconjunctionwithDiagram17)



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achimneythrougheitherawallofthechimneyorafloorsupportingthechimney.Connectingfluepipesshouldalsobeguardediftheycouldbeatriskofdamageoriftheburnhazardtheypresenttopeopleisnotimmediatelyapparent.

2.15 Connectingfluepipesshouldbelocatedsoastoavoidignitingcombustiblematerial.Waysofmeetingtherequirementincludeminimisinghorizontalandslopingrunsand:

a. followingtheguidanceinParagraph1.45wheretheconnectingfluepipeisafactory-mademetalchimneywhoseperformanceisatleastequaltodesignationT400N2D3GaccordingtoBSEN1856-1:2003orBSEN1856-2:2004,andinstalledtoBSEN15827-1;or

b. separationbyshieldinginaccordancewithDiagram19.

Debris collection space2.16 Whereachimneycannotbecleanedthroughtheappliance,adebriscollectingspacewhichisaccessibleforemptyingandsuitablysizedopening(s)forcleaningshouldbeprovidedatappropriatelocationsinthechimney.

Masonry and flueblock chimneys2.17 MasonrychimneysshouldbebuiltinaccordancewithParagraphs1.27and1.28.Flueblock chimneysshouldbebuiltinaccordancewithParagraphs1.29and1.30.Theminimumchimneythicknessanddistancetocombustibles(xxmm)shouldbenolessthanthemanufacturer’sproductdeclaration(Gxx)basedontestingtoBSEN1858:2008(concreteflueblocks)orBSEN1806:2006(clay/ceramicflueblocks).OthermasonrychimneyproductsshouldexceedtheminimumthicknessindicatedinDiagram20.


At least3 � D

At lea

st

3 � D

At least3 � D

At least1.5 � D

At least1.5 � D

At least1.5 � D

At least1.5 � D

At least1.5 � D

Diagram19 Protecting combustible material from uninsulated fluepipes for solidfuel appliances



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Separation of combustible material from fireplaces and masonry flues2.18 Combustiblematerialshouldnotbelocatedwhereitcouldbeignitedbytheheatdissipatingthroughthewallsoffireplacesormasonryflues.AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetofollowtheguidanceinDiagram21sothatcombustiblematerialisatleast:

a. 200mmfromtheinsidesurfaceofaflueorfireplace recess;or

b. atleastxxmmfromaflueproductwithdesignatedseparationdistance(Gxx);or

c. 40mmfromtheoutersurfaceofamasonrychimneyorfireplace recessunlessitisafloorboard,skirtingboard,dadoorpicturerail,mantel-shelforarchitrave.Metalfixingsincontactwithcombustiblematerialsshouldbeatleast50mmfromtheinsidesurfaceofaflue.

Factory-made metal chimneys2.19 AwayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetocomplywithParagraphs1.42to1.46inSection1(butnotParagraph1.42(b)).TheappropriatedesignationisgiveninTable3.

Lining and relining of flues in chimneys2.20 Liningorreliningfluesmaybebuildingworkand,inanycase,suchworkshouldbecarriedoutsothattheobjectivesofJ2toJ5aremet(seeParagraphs1.34and1.35).Existingfluesbeingre-usedshouldbecheckedasdescribedinParagraph1.36.Waysofmeetingtherequirementsincludetheuseof:

a. linerswhoseperformanceisatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationT400N2D3G,asdescribedinBSEN1443:2003,suchas:

i. factory-madeflueliningsystemsmanufacturedtoBSEN1856-1:2003orBSEN1856-2:2004.

ii. acastin-situfluereliningsystemwherethematerialandinstallationproceduresaresuitableforusewithsolidfuelburningappliancesandmeetingtherelevantrequirementsofBSEN1857:2003+A1:2008.

iii. othersystemswhicharesuitableforusewithsolidfuel-burningappliancesandmeetingthecriteriain(a).

b. linersasdescribedinParagraph1.27.


Diagram20 Wall thicknesses for masonry and flueblock chimneys



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Table3 Minimum performance designations for chimney and fluepipe components for use with new solid fuel fired appliances

Appliance type

Minimum designation

Fuel type

Allsolidfuelappliances

MasonryorflueblockfluewithlinertoT400N2D3Gxx

ClayflueblocksFB1N2

Clay/ceramiclinersB1N2

ConcretelinersB2

FactorymademetalchimneystoT400N2D3Gxx

Coal,SmokelessFuel,Peat,woodandotherbiomass

Seeparagraph1.27–1.29and1.42

Formation of gathers2.21 Tominimiseresistancetotheproperworkingofflues,taperedgathersshouldbeprovidedinfireplacesforopenfires.Waysofachievingthesegathersinclude:

a. usingprefabricatedgathercomponentsbuiltintoafireplace recess,asshowninDiagram22(a);or

b. corbellingofmasonryasshowninDiagram22(b);or

c. usingasuitablecanopy,asshowninDiagram23;or

d. usingaprefabricated appliance chamberincorporatingagather.


Diagram21 Minimum separation distances from combustible material in or near a chimney



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Diagram22 Construction of fireplace gathers

Diagram23 Canopy for an open solid fuel fire



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Hearths2.22 Hearthsshouldbeconstructedofsuitablyrobustmaterialsandtoappropriatedimensionssuchthat,innormaluse,theypreventcombustionappliancessettingfiretothebuildingfabricandfurnishings,andtheylimittheriskofpeoplebeingaccidentallyburnt.AwayofmakingprovisionwouldbetoadopttheguidanceinParagraphs2.23to2.28andtoprovideahearthappropriatetothetemperaturestheappliancecancreatearoundit.Thehearthshouldbeabletoaccommodatetheweightoftheapplianceanditschimneyifthechimneyisnotindependentlysupported.

2.23 Appliancesshouldstandwhollyabove:

a. hearthsmadeofnon-combustibleboard/sheetmaterialortilesatleast12mmthick,iftheapplianceisnottostandinanappliancerecessandhasbeentestedtoanapplicableappliancestandardtoverifythatitcannot

causethetemperatureoftheuppersurfaceofthehearthtoexceed100°C;or

b. constructionalhearthsinaccordancewiththeparagraphsbelow.

2.24 Constructionalhearthsshould:

a. haveplandimensionsasshowninDiagram24;and

b. bemadeofsolid,non-combustible material,suchasconcreteormasonry,atleast125mmthick,includingthethicknessofanynon-combustiblefloorand/ordecorativesurface.

2.25 Combustiblematerialshouldnotbeplacedbeneathconstructionalhearthsunlessthereisanair-spaceofatleast50mmbetweentheundersideofthehearthandthecombustiblematerial,orthecombustiblematerialisatleast250mmbelowthetopofthehearth(seeDiagram25).


Diagram24 Constructional hearth suitable for a solid fuel appliance (including open fires)

Diagram25 Constructional hearth suitable for a solid fuel appliance (including open fires)



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2.26 AnapplianceshouldbelocatedonahearthsothatitissurroundedbyasurfacefreeofcombustiblematerialasshowninDiagram26.ThissurfacemaybepartofthesurfaceofthehearthprovidedinaccordancewithParagraph2.23,oritmaybethesurfaceofasuperimposedhearthlaidwhollyorpartlyuponaconstructionalhearth.Theboundaryofthissurfaceshouldbevisuallyapparenttoprovideawarningtothebuildingoccupantsandtodiscouragecombustiblefloorfinishessuchascarpetfrombeinglaidtooclosetotheappliance.Awayofachievingthiswouldbetoprovideachangeinlevel.

2.27 DimensionsshowninDiagram26maybereducedtomanufacturer’srecommendationsforapplianceswithsurfacetemperaturesnotexceeding85°Cwheninnormaloperationandwherethereisnoriskofspillageoffuelorash.

2.28 Combustiblematerialplacedonorbesideaconstructionalhearthshouldnotextendunderasuperimposedhearthbymorethan25mmortocloserthan150mmmeasuredhorizontallytotheappliance.

2.29 SomewaysofmakingtheseprovisionsareshowninDiagram27.

Fireplace recesses and prefabricated appliance chambers2.30 Fireplacesforopenfiresneedtobeconstructedsuchthattheyadequatelyprotectthebuildingfabricfromcatchingfire.Awayofachievingtherequirementswouldbetobuild:

a. fireplace recessesfrommasonryorconcreteasshowninDiagram28;or

b. prefabricatedfactory-madeappliancechambersusingcomponentsthataremadeofinsulatingconcretehavingadensityofbetween1200and1700kg/m³andwiththeminimumthicknessasshowninTable4.Componentsshouldbesuppliedassetsforassemblyandjointinginaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstructions.


Diagram26 Non-combustible hearth surface surrounding a solid fuel appliance



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Diagram27 Ways of providing hearths



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Table4 Prefabricated appliance chambers: minimum thickness

Component Minimum thickness (mm)

Base 50

Sidesection,formingwalloneithersideofchamber 75

Backsection,formingrearofchamber 100

Topslab,lintelorgather,formingtopofchamber 100

Fireplace lining components2.31 Afireplace recessmayrequireprotectionfromheatifitistoprovideadurablesettingforcertainappliancessuchasinsetopenfires.SuitableprotectionwouldbefireplaceliningcomponentsasshowninDiagram29orliningtherecesswithsuitablefirebricks.

Walls adjacent to hearths2.32 Wallsthatarenotpartofafireplace recessoraprefabricated appliance chamberbutareadjacenttohearthsorappliancesalsoneedtoprotectthebuildingfromcatchingfire.AwayofachievingtherequirementisshowninDiagram30.Thinnermaterialcouldbeusedprovideditgivesthesameoveralllevelofprotectionasthesolidnon-combustible material.

2.33 ClearancesshowninDiagram30maybereducedtomanufacturer’srecommendationsforapplianceswithsurfacetemperaturesnotexceeding85°Cwheninnormaloperation.

Alternative approachTherequirementsmayalsobemetbyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationsinthepublicationslistedbelowtoachievealevelofperformanceequivalenttothatobtainedbyfollowingtheguidanceinthisApprovedDocument:

a. BSEN15287-1:2007Chimneys.Design,installationandcommissioningofchimneys.Chimneysfornon-room-sealedheatingappliances;and

b. BS8303:1994Installationofdomesticheatingandcookingappliancesburningsolidmineralfuels.Parts1to3.


Diagram28 Fireplace recesses



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Carbon monoxide alarms2.34 Whereaneworreplacementfixedsolidfuelapplianceisinstalledinadwelling,acarbonmonoxidealarmshouldbeprovidedintheroomwheretheapplianceislocated.

2.35 CarbonmonoxidealarmsshouldcomplywithBSEN50291:2001andbepoweredbyabatterydesignedtooperatefortheworkinglifeofthealarm.Thealarmshouldincorporateawarningdevicetoalertuserswhentheworkinglifeofthealarmisduetopass.Mains-poweredBSEN50291TypeAcarbonmonoxidealarmswithfixedwiring(notplug-intypes)maybeusedasalternativeapplicationsprovidedtheyarefittedwithasensorfailurewarningdevice.

2.36 Thecarbonmonoxidealarmshouldbelocatedinthesameroomastheappliance:

a. ontheceilingatleast300mmfromanywallor,ifitislocatedonawall,ashighupaspossible(aboveanydoorsandwindows)butnotwithin150mmoftheceiling;and

b. between1mand3mhorizontallyfromtheappliance.

Note:FurtherguidanceontheinstallationofcarbonmonoxidealarmsisavailableinBSEN50292:2002andfrommanufacturers’instructions.Provisionofanalarmshouldnotberegardedasasubstituteforcorrectinstallationandregularservicing.


Diagram29 Open fireplaces: throat and fireplace components



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Diagram30 Wall adjacent to hearths



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Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations3.1 AllcombustioninstallationsmustbeaccommodatedinwaysthatmeettherequirementsoftheBuildingRegulations.However,gasinstallationsalsohavetocomplywiththeGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations,whichrequireanyoneundertakinggasworktobecompetent.Anygasengineeringbusiness,whetheranemployerorselfemployed,mustbeamemberofaclassofpersonsapprovedbytheHealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE).Becauseofthis,theBuildingRegulationsallowthatworkneednotbenotifiedtoBuilding Control Bodiesifitsolelycomprisestheinstallationofagasapplianceanditistobeundertakenbyamemberofsuchanapprovedclassofpersons.TheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulationscoverthesafeinstallationmaintenanceanduseofgasfittings,appliancesandflues.ThefollowingparagraphsgivebuildersandlayreadersanoutlineofsomeofthemainrequirementsoftheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations,butforfurtherinformationreferenceshouldbemadetotheHealthandSafetyCommission’sApprovedCodeofPractice(seebelow)orBuildingControlBodies.

3.2 TheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulationsrequirethat(a)gasfittings,appliancesandgasstoragevesselsmustbeinstalledonlybyapersonwiththerequiredcompetenceand(b)anypersonhavingcontroltoanyextentofgasworkmustensurethatthepersoncarryingoutthatworkhastherequiredcompetenceand(c)anygasinstallationbusinesses,whetheranemployerorself-employed,mustbeamemberofaclassofpersonsapprovedbytheHSE;forthetimebeingthismeanstheymustberegisteredwithGasSafeRegister.

3.3 GuidanceontheindividualcompetencyrequiredforgasworkisavailablefromtheSectorSkillsCouncilEnergyandUtility(EU)Skills[http://www.euskills.co.uk/gas].Personsdeemedcompetenttocarryoutgasworkarethosewhoholdacurrentcertificateofcompetenceinthetypeofactivitytobeconducted.AssessmentofcompetencemaybethroughtheS/NVqqualilificationunderanationallyaccreditedcertificationschemeorundertheApprovedCodeofPracticearrangements.

3.4 TheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulationscontrolallaspectsofthewayscombustionsystemsfiredbygas(includingnaturalgasandLPG)areinstalled,maintainedandused,mainlyindomesticandcommercialpremises,andtheclassesofpersonswhomay

undertakegaswork.TheRegulationsmaybeamendedfromtimetotimeandwhicheverRegulationsarecurrentlyinforceatthetimeaninstallationiscarriedoutmustbecompliedwith.TheadvicegivenbelowreflectsthepresentstateoftheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulationsfollowingtheamendmentsthatcameintoeffecton31October1998.

3.5 ThetextoftheRegulationsandguidanceonhowtocomplywiththemarecontainedintheHealthandSafetyExecutive(HSE)ApprovedCodeofPractice‘Safetyintheinstallationanduseofgassystemsandappliances’.ImportantelementsoftheRegulationsincludethat:

a. anyapplianceinstalledinaroomusedorintendedtobeusedasabathorshowerroommustbeoftheroom-sealedtype;

b. agasfire,othergasspaceheaterorgaswaterheaterofmorethan14kW(gross)heat input(12.7kW(net)heatinput)mustnotbeinstalledinaroomusedorintendedtobeusedassleepingaccommodationunlesstheapplianceisroomsealed;

c. agasfire,otherspaceheaterorgaswaterheaterofupto14kW(gross)heatinput(12.7kW(net)heatinput)mustnotbeinstalledinaroomusedorintendedtobeusedassleepingaccommodationunlessitisroomsealedorequippedwithadevicedesignedtoshutdowntheappliancebeforethereisabuild-upofadangerousquantityoftheproductsofcombustionintheroomconcerned;

d. therestrictionsin(a)–(c)abovealsoapplyinrespectofanycupboardorcompartmentwithintheroomsconcerned,andtoanycupboard,compartmentorspaceadjacentto,andwithanairventinto,sucharoom;

e. instantaneouswaterheaters(installedinanyroom)mustberoomsealedorhavefittedasafetydevicetoshutdowntheapplianceasin(c)above;

f. precautionsmustbetakentoensurethatallinstallationpipework,gasfittings,appliancesandfluesareinstalledsafely.Whenanygasapplianceisinstalled,checksarerequiredforensuringcompliancewiththeRegulations,includingtheeffectivenessoftheflue,thesupplyofcombustionair,theoperatingpressureorheatinput(orwherenecessaryboth),andtheoperationoftheappliancetoensureitssafefunctioning;

g. anyfluemustbeinstalledinasafepositionandmustbeadequate,suitableandeffectiveforusewiththeappliancewhichitserves;

JSection 3: Additional provisions for gas burning appliances with a rated input up to 70kW (net)



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h. noalterationisallowedtoanypremisesinwhichagasfittingorgasstoragevesselisfittedwhichwouldadverselyaffectthesafetyofthatfittingorvessel,causingitnolongertocomplywiththeRegulations;

i. LPGstoragevesselsandLPG-firedappliancesfittedwithautomaticignitiondevicesorpilotlightsmustnotbeinstalledincellarsorbasements.

ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESJ WITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net)

Diagram31 Types of gas fire

O N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR GASO N L I N E V E R S I O NGAS BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCESINPUTO N L I N E V E R S I O NINPUT UPO N L I N E V E R S I O NUP TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO 70kWO N L I N E V E R S I O N70kW (net)O N L I N E V E R S I O N(net)


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Gas fires (other than flueless gas fires)3.6 TheseappliancesfallintothemaincategoriesshowninDiagram31andthebuildingprovisionsforaccommodatingthemsafelydifferforeachtype.

3.7 Provideditcanbeshowntobesafe,gasfiresmaybeinstalledinfireplaceswhichhavefluesdesignedtoservesolidfuelappliances.Certaintypesofgasfiremayalsobeinstalledinfireplaceswhichhavefluesdesignedspecificallyforgasappliances.TheGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations1995requirethatparticularcombinationsofappliance,flue box(whererequired)andfluemustbeselectedfromthosestatedinthemanufacturer’sinstructionsashavingbeenshowntobesafebyaNotified Body.

Flueless gas appliances3.8 Flueless appliancesshouldmeettherequirements,includingrequirementJ2.Awayofachievingthiswouldbetofollowtheguidanceonventilationprovisionsforflueless appliancesbeginningatParagraph3.15.

3.9 Afluelessinstantaneouswaterheatershouldnotbeinstalledinaroomorspacehavingavolumeoflessthan5m³.

Air supply to gas fires and other appliances3.10 AwayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetofollowthegeneralguidancegiveninSection1,beginningatParagraph1.2,inconjunctionwiththeguidancebelow.

Flued Decorative Fuel Effect (DFE) fires3.11 AnyroomorspaceintendedtocontainaDFEfireshouldhavepermanentlyopenairventsasdescribedin(a)or(b)below,unlesstheinstallationisinaccordancewithParagraph3.12:

a. foraDFEfireinafireplace recesswithathroat,theairventequivalent areashouldbeatleast10,000mm²(100cm²)

b. foraDFEfireinafireplacewithnothroat,suchasafireunderacanopy,theairventshouldbesizedinaccordancewithSection2ofthisApprovedDocument,asiftheroomwereintendedtocontainasolidfuelfire(seeTable1).

3.12 Indwellingswithanairpermeabilitygreaterthan5.0m3/hr/m2(seeAppendixF),permanentlyopenairventsmaynotbenecessaryforDFEfireswithratingsnotexceeding7kW(net)thathaveafluegasclearancerate(withoutspilling)notexceeding70m3/hour.

Flued appliances other than decorative fuel effect fires3.13 Theseappliancesincludeinsetlivefueleffect(ILFE)fires,radiantconvectorfiresandboilers,inbothroom-sealedandopen-fluedvariants.

3.14 AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetofollowtheguidanceinDiagram32.AnexamplecalculationillustratingtheuseofthisguidanceisgiveninAppendixC.

Air supply to flueless appliances3.15 Forsomeflueless appliances,itmaybenecessarytoprovidepermanentlyopenairventsand/ormakeprovisionforrapidventilationasrecommendedinBS5440-2:2009orequivalent,tocomplywithPartFaswellasPartJoftheBuildingRegulations.Somewaysofmeetingtherequirementwheninstallingfluelesscookers(includingovens,grillsorhotplates),fluelesswaterheatersandfluelessspaceheatersaregiveninDiagram33.

3.16 Aroomcontainingagaspointintendedforusewithaflueless appliance(suchasagaspointforacookeroragaspointforaspaceorwaterheater,thegaspointnotbeingadjacenttoaflue)shouldhavetheventilationprovisionrequiredfortheinstallationofthatappliance(calculatedonthebasisthatanappliancewiththelargestratingconsistentwiththetabletoDiagram33couldbeinstalledthere).

ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESWITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net) JO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR GASO N L I N E V E R S I O NGAS BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES

INPUTO N L I N E V E R S I O NINPUT UPO N L I N E V E R S I O NUP TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO 70kWO N L I N E V E R S I O N70kW (net)O N L I N E V E R S I O N(net)


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5. In older dwellings with an air permeability which is more than 5.0m3/h/m2 the first 7kW(net) can be ignored.

Diagram32 Free areas of permanently open air vents for gas appliance installations (other than decorative fuel effect fires or flueless appliances)



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Size of natural draught flues for open-flued appliances3.17 Wherebuilderswishtoprovide(orrefurbish)fluesforgasappliancesbutdonotintendtosupplytheappliances,awayofshowingcompliancewouldbetosizefluesinaccordancewithTable5.

3.18 IfanexistingflueistobeuseditshouldbecheckedinaccordancewithParagraph1.36.

3.19 ForappliancesthatareCEmarkedascompliantwiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations,fluesshouldbesizedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.

3.20 Connectingfluepipesshouldbethesamesizeintermsofdiameterand/orequivalentcross-sectionalareaastheapplianceflue outlet.Thechimney flueshouldhaveatleastthesamecross-sectionalareaasthatoftheapplianceflue outlet.

ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESWITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net) J

8

Notes:1. The permanent ventilation provisions listed in this table are additional to the openable elements or (for kitchens only)

extract ventilation in accordance with Approved Document F.2. Divide the area given above in mm2 by 100 to find the corresponding area in cm2.3. An internal space here means one which communicates with several other rooms or spaces. An example would be a

hallway or landing.4. For LPG fired space heaters conforming to BS EN 449:2002+A1:2007, follow the guidance in BS 5440-2:2009.5. No permanently open vent is needed if the room or space has a door direct to outside.6. Example: for a space heater in a lounge measuring 4m x 4m x 2.4m (= 38.4m3), the appliance rated input should not

exceed 38.4 x 0.045 = 1.73kW (net).7. Example: a hallway containing a space heater with a rated input of 7kW (net) should have a permanently open vent with

equivalent area of: 10,000 + 2750 x (7 – 5.4) = 14,400mm2.8. No permanent opening required if the room has a door that opens directly to outside.

Diagram33 Ventilation for flueless gas appliances



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Table5 Size of flues for gas-fired appliances

Intended installation Minimum flue size

Radiant/Convectorgasfire Newflue:Circular 125mmdiameterRectangular 16,500mm2cross-sectionalareawitha

minimumdimensionof90mm

Existingflue:Circular 125mmdiameterRectangular 12,000mm2cross-sectionalareawitha

minimumdimensionof63mm

ILFEfireorDFEfirewithinafireplaceopeningupto500mmx550mm

DFEfireinstalledinafireplacewithanopeninginexcessof500mmx550mm

Circularorrectangular Minimumfluedimensionof175mm(1)

Calculateinaccordancewithparagraph2.7inSection2

Note:

1. SomeILFEandDFEappliancesrequireacircularflueofatleast125mmdiameter.

Height of natural draught flues for open-flued appliances3.21 Fluesshouldbehighenoughtoensuresufficientdraughttosafelycleartheproductsofcombustion.Theheightnecessaryforthiswilldependuponthetypeofappliance,thebuildingheight,thetypeofflueandthenumberofbendsinit,andacarefulassessmentoflocalwindpatterns.ForappliancesthatareCEmarkedascompliantwiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations,compliancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallation instructionswillmeettherequirements.

3.22 WhereanolderappliancethatisnotCEmarkedistobeinstalled,awayofshowingcomplianceifithasmanufacturer’sinstallation instructionswouldbe:

a. fordecorativefueleffectfires,tofollowtheguidanceinBS5871-3:20012005;or

b. forappliancesotherthandecorativefueleffectfires,tofollowthecalculationproceduresinBS5440-1:2008.

Outlets from flues3.23 Outletsfromfluesshouldbesosituatedexternallyastoallowthedispersalofproductsofcombustionand,ifabalanced flue,theintakeofair.Awayofmeetingthisrequirementwouldbetolocateflue outletsasshowninDiagram34andDiagram35.

Note:Theplumeofwetflueproductsfromcondensingboilers,positionedinaccordancewiththesafetydistancessetoutinDiagram34,cansometimesbeconsideredanuisanceforneighbouringproperties.Whilstthisnuisanceisnotconsideredtobewithinthescopeofbuildingregulations,suchinstallationscouldbeconsideredasa‘StatutoryNuisance’assetoutintheEnvironmentalProtectionAct.AssuchinstallersmaywishtoadopttheguidanceinChapter6oftheGuide to Condensing Boiler Installation Assessment Procedure for Dwellings

Care may also need to be taken to locate flue outlets away from parts of the building that may be damaged by frequent wetting.

ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFORGASBURNINGAPPLIANCESJ WITHARATEDINPUTUPTO70kW(net)O N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR GASO N L I N E V E R S I O NGAS BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCES



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Diagram34 Location of outlets from flues serving gas appliances



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TabletoDiagram34 Location of outlets from flues serving gas appliances

Minimum separation distances for terminals in mm

Location Balancedflue Openflue

Naturaldraught Fanneddraught Naturaldraught Fanneddraught

A Belowanopening(1) Applianceratedheatinput(net)

300 (3) 300

0–7kW>7–14kW>14–32kW>32kW

30060015002000

B Aboveanopening(1) 0–32kW>32kW

300600

300 (3) 300

C Horizontallytoanopening(1) 0–7kW>7–14kW>14kW

300400600

300 (3) 300

D Belowgutters,soilpipesordrainpipes

300 75 (3) 75

E Beloweaves 300 200 (3) 200

F Belowbalconyorcarportroof 600 200 (3) 200

G Fromaverticaldrainpipeorsoilpipe

300 150(4) (3) 150

H Fromaninternalorexternalcornerortoaboundaryalongsidetheterminal(2)

600 300 (3) 200

I Aboveground,rooforbalconylevel

300 300 (3) 300

J Fromasurfaceoraboundaryfacingtheterminal(2)

600 600 (3) 600

K Fromaterminalfacingtheterminal

600 1200 (3) 1200

L Fromanopeninginthecarportintothebuilding

1200 1200 (3) 1200

M Verticallyfromaterminalonthesamewall

1200 1500 (3) 1500

N Horizontallyfromaterminalonthesamewall

300 300 (3) 300

P Fromastructureontheroof N/A N/A 1500mmifaridgeterminal.Foranyotherterminal,asgiveninBS5440-1:2008

N/A

q Abovethehighestpointofintersectionwiththeroof

N/A Siteinaccordancewithmanufacturer’sinstructions

SiteinaccordancewithBS5440-1:2008

150

Notes:

1. Anopeningheremeansanopenableelement,suchasanopenablewindow,orafixedopeningsuchasanairvent.However,inaddition,theoutletshouldnotbenearerthan150mm(fanneddraught)or300mm(naturaldraught)toanopeningintothebuildingfabricformedforthepurposeofaccommodatingabuilt-inelement,suchasawindowframe.

2. Boundaryasdefinedinparagraph0.4(4).Smallerseparationstotheboundarymaybeacceptableforappliancesthathavebeenshowntooperatesafelywithsuchseparationsfromsurfacesadjacenttooroppositetheflueoutlet.

3. Shouldnotbeused.

4. Thisdimensionmaybereducedto75mmforappliancesofupto5kWinput(net).

N/Ameansnotapplicable.




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3.24 Flue outletsshouldbeprotectedwherefluesareatsignificantriskofblockage.Guidanceonmeetingthisrequirementisgivenbelow.

3.25 Fluesservingnatural draughtopen-flued appliancesshouldbefittedwithoutletterminalsifthefluediameterisnogreaterthan170mm.SuitableterminalsincludethoseappropriatelydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003,andconformingtoBSEN13502:2002.Theriskofblockageoffluesofmorethan170mmdiametershouldbeassessedinthelightoflocalconditions.Inareaswherenestsofsquirrelsorjackdawsarelikely,thefittingofaprotectivecagedesignedforsolidfueluseandhavingameshsizenolargerthan25mm(butnosmallerthan6mm)maybeanacceptableprovisionifthetotalfreeareaofitsoutletopeningsisatleasttwicethecross-sectionalareaoftheflue.

3.26 Aflue outletshouldbeprotectedwithaguardifpersonscouldcomeintocontactwithitorifitcouldbedamaged.Ifaflue outletisinavulnerableposition,suchaswherethefluedischargeswithinreachfromtheground,orabalcony,verandaorawindow,itshouldbedesignedtopreventtheentryofanymatterthatcouldobstructtheflowoffluegases.

Provision of flues3.27 Satisfactoryprovisionofchimneysandfluepipesforgasappliancesmaybeachievedby:

a. followingtheguidanceontheselectionofcomponentsandthemanneroftheirinstallationasgiveninParagraphs3.28to3.35andthereferencestoSection1;or(iftheintendedapplianceisnewandofknowntype)

or(iftheintendedapplianceisnewandofknowntype):

b. i) usingfactory-madecomponentsthatachieveaperformanceatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationgiveninTable6fortheintendedappliancetypewhentestedtoanappropriateEuropeanchimneystandard(BSEN);and

ii) installingthesecomponentsinaccordancewiththeguidanceinParagraphs3.28to3.35andSection1,asrelevant,andinaccordancewiththeappliancemanufacturer’sandcomponentmanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.

Table6 Minimum performance designations for chimney and fluepipe components for use with new gas appliances

Appliance type Minimum designation (see notes)

Boiler:open-flued NaturaldraughtFanneddraughtCondensing

T250N2D1OT250P2D1OT140P2W1O

Boiler:room-sealed NaturaldraughtFanneddraughtCondensing

T250N2D1OT250P2D1OT140P2W1O

Gasfire–radiant/convector,ILFEorDFE

T250N2D1O

Airheater NaturaldraughtFanneddraughtSE–duct

T250N2D1OT250P2D1OT250N2D1O

Notes:

1. ThedesignationofchimneyproductsisdescribedinAppendixG.TheBSENfortheproductwillspecifyitsfulldesignationandmarkingrequirements.

2. Thesearedefaultdesignations.Wheretheappliancemanufacturer’sinstallationinstructionsspecifyahigherdesignation,thisshouldbecompliedwith.


Diagram35 Location of outlets near roof windows from flues serving gas appliances




Connecting fluepipe components3.28 Satisfactorycomponentsforconnectingfluepipesinclude:

a. anyoftheoptionsinParagraph1.32;or

b. sheetmetalfluepipesasdescribedinBSEN1856-2:2004;or

c. fibrecementpipesasdescribedinBSEN1857:2003+A1:2008;or

d. anyothermaterialorcomponentthathasbeencertifiedassuitableforthispurpose.

Masonry chimneys3.29 MasonrychimneysshouldbebuiltinaccordancewithParagraphs1.27and1.28inSection1.

Flueblock chimneys3.30 Chimneyscanbeconstructedfromfactory-madeflueblocksystemsprimarilydesignedforsolidfuel,asdescribedinParagraphs1.29and1.30inSection1.Theycanalsobeconstructedfromfactory-madeflueblocksystemscomprisingstraightblocks,recessunits,lintelblocks,offsetblocks,transferblocksandjointingmaterialscomplyingwith:

a. BSEN1858-1:2003forconcreteflueblocksofatleastclassD2;or

b. BSEN1806:2006forclay/ceramicflueblockswithaperformanceclassofatleastFB4N2.

3.31 Flueblock chimneysshouldbeinstalledwithsealedjointsinaccordancewiththeflueblockmanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.Wherebendsoroffsetsarerequired,theseshouldbeformedusingmatchingfactory-madecomponents.Flueblockswhicharenotintendedtobebondedintosurroundingmasonryshouldbesupportedandrestrainedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.

Factory-made metal chimneys3.32 ChimneysforgasappliancesmaybeconstructedusingsystemsdescribedinParagraphs1.42to1.46inSection1.Factory-made metal chimneysshouldbeguardediftheycouldbeatriskofdamageortheburnhazardtheypresenttopeopleisnotimmediatelyapparent.

Location and shielding of flues3.33 Combustiblematerialsinthebuildingfabricshouldbeprotectedfromtheheatdissipationfromfluessothattheyarenotatriskofcatchingfire.AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetofollowtheguidanceinTable6.

3.34 Whereafluepipeorchimneypenetratesafire compartmentwallorfloor,itmustnotbreachthefireseparationrequirementsofPartB.SeeApprovedDocumentBformoreguidance.

Table7 Protecting buildings fromhot flues

Flue within Protection measures

Connectingfluepipe Fluesshouldbeatleast25mmfromanycombustiblematerial(measuredfromtheoutersurfaceofthefluewall,ortheoutersurfaceoftheinnerwallinthecaseofmulti-walledproducts).Wherepassingthroughacombustiblewall,floororroof(otherthanacompartmentwall,floororroof)thisseparationcanbeachievedbyanon-combustiblesleeveenclosingthefluepipeorchimneywitha25mmair-spacetotherelevantfluewall.(Theair-spacecouldbewhollyorpartiallyfilledwithnon-combustibleinsulatingmaterial).

Factory-madechimneyappropriatelydesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003

Factory-madechimneyappropriatelydesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003andBSEN1856-2:2004

InstallinaccordancewithParagraph1.45ofthisApprovedDocumentwithminimumseparationdistancesaccordingtofluedesignation.

Masonrychimney Provideatleast25mmofmasonrybetweenfluesandanycombustiblematerial.

Flueblockchimney Provideflueblockwallsatleast25mmthick.

3.35 Connectingfluepipesandfactory-madechimneysshouldalsobeguardediftheycouldbeatriskofdamageoriftheypresentaburnhazardtopeoplethatisnotimmediatelyapparent

Relining of flues in chimneys3.36 Liningorreliningfluesmaybebuildingworkand,inanycase,suchworkshouldbecarriedoutsothattheobjectivesofrequirementsJ2toJ5aremet(seeParagraphs1.34and1.35).Existingfluesbeingre-usedshouldbecheckedasdescribedinParagraph1.36.For flue linersservinggasappliances,waysofmeetingtherequirementsincludetheuseof:

a. linersasdescribedinParagraph1.27;

b. linersasdescribedinParagraph2.20;

c. flexiblestainlesssteellinersappropriatelydesignatedtoBSEN1856-1:2003(refertoTable6);

d. othersystemssuitableforthepurpose.

3.37 Flexiblemetalflue linersshouldbeinstalledinonecompletelengthwithoutjointswithinthechimney.Otherthanforsealingatthetopandthebottom,thespacebetweenthechimneyandthelinershouldbeleftemptyunlessthisiscontrarytothemanufacturer’sinstructions.Double-skinflexibleflue linersshouldbe installed inaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallationinstructions.BS715linersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewithBS5440-1:2008.




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Debris collection space for chimneys3.38 Adebriscollectionspaceshouldbeprovidedatthebaseofaflueunlessitislined,orconstructedofflueblocks,orisafactory-made metal chimneywithaflue box.Thiscanbeachievedbyprovidingaspacehavingavolumeofnotlessthan12litresandadepthofatleast250mmbelowthepointwherefluegasesdischargeintothechimney.Thespaceshouldbereadilyaccessibleforclearanceofdebris,forexamplebyremovaloftheappliance.ForgasfiresofthetypeillustratedinDiagram31(a)and

(b),thereshouldbeatleast50mmclearancebetweentheendoftheapplianceflue outletandanysurface.

Bases for back boilers3.39 Provisionsforbackboilersshouldadequatelyprotectthefabricofthebuildingfromheat.Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetostandbackboilersonhearthsintendedforsolidfuelappliances.Alternatively,unlessotherwisestatedintheappliancemanufacturer’sinstructions,awayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetostandbackboilersonbasescomplyingwithDiagram36.


Diagram36 Bases for back boilers (installation using a proprietary back boilerenclosure shown)



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Hearths3.40 Appliancesshouldbeplacedonhearthsunless:

a. theyaretobeinstalledsothateverypartofanyflameorincandescentmaterialwillbeatleast225mmabovethefloor;or

b. themanufacturer’sinstructionsstatethatahearthisnotrequired.

3.41 Wherehearthsarerequired,guidanceontheirminimumplandimensionsisgiveninDiagrams37and38.Hearthsshouldcompriseatleasta(top)layerofnon-combustible,non-friablematerialnotlessthan12mmthick.Theedgesofhearthsshouldbemarkedtoprovideawarningtothebuildingoccupantsandtodiscouragecombustiblefloorfinishessuchascarpetfrombeinglaidtooclosetotheappliance.Awayofachievingthiswouldbetoprovideachangeinlevel.

Shielding of appliances3.42 Gas-firedappliancesshouldbelocatedwhereaccidentalcontactisunlikelyandsurroundedbyanon-combustiblesurfacewhichprovidesadequateseparationfromcombustiblematerials.ForappliancesthatareCEmarkedascompliantwiththeGasAppliances(Safety)Regulations,awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoadoptthemanufacturer’sinstructions.Analternativeapproachwouldbetoprotectcombustiblefabricwith:

a. ashieldofnon-combustible material,suchasinsulatingboard,withafire-resistantsurface;or

b. anairspaceofatleast75mm(seeDiagram39).


Diagram37 Hearths for decorative fuel effect (DFE) and inset live fuel effect (ILFE)fires: minimum plan dimensions of non-combustible surfaces



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Alternative approachTherequirementsmayalsobemetbyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationsinthepublicationslistedbelowtoachieveanequivalentlevelofperformancetothatobtainedbyfollowingtheguidanceinthisApprovedDocument:

BS5440Installationandmaintenanceoffluesandventilationforgasappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kWnet(1st,2ndand3rdfamilygases),Part1:2008Specificationforinstallationandmaintenanceofflues;Part2:2009Specificationforinstallationandmaintenanceofventilationforgasappliances.

BS5546:2000Specificationforinstallationofhotwatersuppliesfordomesticpurposes,usinggas-firedappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kW.

BS5864:2004Specificationforinstallationindomesticpremisesofgas-firedducted-airheatersofratedinputnotexceeding60kW.

BS5871Specificationforinstallationofgasfires,convectorheaters,fire/backboilersanddecorativefueleffectgasappliances,Part1:2005Gasfires,convectorheatersandfire/backboilersandheatingstoves(1st,2ndand3rdfamilygases);Part2:2005Insetlivefueleffectgasfiresofheatinputnotexceeding15kWandfire/backboilers(2ndand3rdfamilygases);Part3:2005Decorativefueleffectgasappliancesofheatinputnotexceeding20kW(2ndand3rdfamilygases).

BS6172:2004Specificationforinstallationofdomesticgascookingappliances(1st,2ndand3rdfamilygases).

BS6173:2001Specificationforinstallationofgas-firedcateringappliancesforuseinalltypesofcateringestablishments(2ndand3rdfamilygases).

BS6798:2009Specificationforinstallationofgas-firedboilersofratedinputnotexceeding70kWnet.


Diagram38 Hearths for other appliances: plan dimension of non-combustible surfaces

Diagram39 Shielding of appliances



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Scope4.1 ThisguidanceisrelevanttocombustioninstallationsdesignedtoburnoilsmeetingthespecificationsforClassC2(Kerosene)andClassD(Gasoil)giveninBS2869:2006orequivalent,liquidbiofuelconformingtoEN14213:2003andblendsofmineraloilandliquidbiofuel.

Appliances fitted in bathrooms and shower rooms4.2 Open-fluedoil-firedappliancesshouldnotbeinstalledinroomssuchasbathroomsandbedroomswherethereisanincreasedriskofcarbonmonoxidepoisoning.Wherelocatingcombustion appliancesinsuchroomscannotbeavoided,awayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetoprovideroom-sealed appliances.

Air supply to appliances4.3 AwayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetoadoptthegeneralguidancegiveninSection1,startingatParagraph1.2,andtoprovidepermanentlyopenairventsasshowninDiagram40inroomsorspacescontainingappliances.AnexamplecalculationillustratingtheuseofthisguidanceisgiveninAppendixD.Wheremanufacturers’installation instructionsrequiregreaterareasofpermanentlyopenairventsthanthoseshowninDiagram40,themanufacturers’adviceshouldbefollowed.

Size of flues (other than balanced flues and flues designed to discharge through or adjacent to walls)4.4 Fluesshouldbesizedtosuittheintendedappliancesuchthattheyensureadequatedischargevelocitytopreventflowreversalproblemsbutdonotimposeexcessiveflowresistances.Awayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetouse:

a. connectingfluepipesofthesamesizeastheapplianceflue outlet;and

b. fluesinchimneysofthesamecross-sectionalareaastheapplianceflue outlet.

Whenconstructingmasonryorflueblock chimneys,awayofdoingthiswouldbeto:

i. makethefluethesamesizeastheapplianceflue outlet;or

ii. makethefluelargerandofasizethatwouldallowthelaterinsertionofasuitableflexibleflue linermatchingtheappliancetobeinstalled.

4.5 Largerfluesmayneedtobeprovidedwhereappliancemanufacturers’installation instructionsdemandthis.

Outlets from flues and flue heights4.6 Theoutletfromaflueshouldbesosituatedexternallyastoensure:thecorrectoperationofanatural draughtflue;theintakeofairifabalanced flue;anddispersaloftheproductsofcombustion.

4.7 AwayofmeetingtherequirementcouldbetofollowtheguidanceinDiagram41.TheseparationsgivenintheTabletoDiagram41areminimumvaluesthatmayhavetobeincreasedwherethereisariskthatlocalfactorssuchaswindpatternscoulddisrupttheoperationoftheflueorwhereanatural draught fluewouldnotbetallenoughtocleartheproductsofcombustionofanopen-flued appliance.ForfluesinproximitytoroofwindowstheminimumseparationdistancesidentifiedinDiagram35shouldbeapplied.

Note:Theplumeofwetflueproductsfromcondensingboilers,positionedinaccordancewiththesafetydistancessetoutinDiagram41,cansometimesbeconsideredanuisanceforneighbouringproperties.Whilstthisnuisanceisnotconsideredtobewithinthescopeofbuildingregulations,suchinstallationscouldbeconsideredasa‘StatutoryNuisance’assetoutintheEnvironmentalProtectionAct.Assuch,installersmaywishtoadopttheguidanceinChapter6oftheGuide to Condensing Boiler Installation Assessment Procedure for Dwellings.

Care may also need to be taken to locate flue outlets away from parts of the building that may be damaged by frequent wetting.

4.8 Flue outletsshouldbeprotectedwithterminalguardsifpersonscouldcomeintocontactwiththemoriftheycouldbedamaged.Ifaflue outletisinavulnerableposition,suchaswherethefluedischargesatapointwithinreachoftheground,balcony,verandaorawindow,itshouldbedesignedtopreventtheentryofanymatterthatcouldobstructtheflow.

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Section 4: Additional provisions for oil burning appliances with a rated output up to 45kW



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ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFOROILBURNINGAPPLIANCESWITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO45kW J

5. In older dwellings with an air permeability which is more than 5.0m3/hr/m2 the first 5kW(net) can be ignored.

Notes:

-

Diagram40 Free areas of permanently open air vents for oil-firedappliance installations

O N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR OILO N L I N E V E R S I O NOIL BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCESOUTPUTO N L I N E V E R S I O NOUTPUT UPO N L I N E V E R S I O NUP TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO 45kWO N L I N E V E R S I O N45kW


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TabletoDiagram41 Location of outlets from flues serving oil-fired appliances

Minimum separation distances for terminals in mm

Locationofoutlet(1) Appliancewithpressurejetburner

Appliancewithvaporisingburner

A Belowanopening(2,3) 600 Shouldnotbeused

B Horizontallytoanopening(2,3) 600 Shouldnotbeused

C Belowaplastic/paintedgutter,drainagepipeoreavesifcombustiblematerialprotected(4)

75 Shouldnotbeused

D Belowabalconyoraplastic/paintedgutter,drainagepipeoreaveswithoutprotectiontocombustiblematerial

600 Shouldnotbeused

E Fromverticalsanitarypipework 300 Shouldnotbeused

F Fromanexternalorinternalcornerorfromasurfaceorboundaryalongsidetheterminal

300 Shouldnotbeused

G Abovegroundorbalconylevel 300 Shouldnotbeused

H Fromasurfaceorboundaryfacingtheterminal 600 Shouldnotbeused

J Fromaterminalfacingtheterminal 1200 Shouldnotbeused

K Verticallyfromaterminalonthesamewall 1500 Shouldnotbeused

L Horizontallyfromaterminalonthesamewall 750 Shouldnotbeused

M Abovethehighestpointofanintersectionwiththeroof 600(6) 1000(5)

N Fromaverticalstructuretothesideoftheterminal 750(6) 2300

O Aboveaverticalstructurewhichislessthan750mm(pressurejetburner)or2300mm(vaporisingburner)horizontallyfromthesideoftheterminal

600(6) 1000(5)

P Fromaridgeterminaltoaverticalstructureontheroof 1500 Shouldnotbeused

Notes:

1. TerminalsshouldonlybepositionedonwallswhereapplianceshavebeenapprovedforsuchconfigurationswhentestedinaccordancewithBSEN303-1:1999orOFTECstandardsOFSA100orOFSA101.

2. Anopeningmeansanopenableelement,suchasanopenablewindow,orapermanentopeningsuchasapermanentlyopenairvent.

3. Notwithstandingthedimensionsabove,aterminalshouldbeatleast300mmfromcombustiblematerial,e.g.awindowframe.

4. Awayofprovidingprotectionofcombustiblematerialwouldbetofitaheatshieldatleast750mmwide.

5. Whereaterminalisusedwithavaporisingburner,theterminalshouldbeatleast2300mmhorizontallyfromtheroof.

6. OutletsforverticalbalancedfluesinlocationsM,NandOshouldbeinaccordancewithmanufacturer’sinstructions.

ADDITIONALPROVISIONSFOROILBURNINGAPPLIANCES WITHARATEDOUTPUTUPTO45kW

Diagram41 Location of outlets from flues serving oil-fired appliances

O N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONSO N L I N E V E R S I O NPROVISIONS FORO N L I N E V E R S I O NFOR OILO N L I N E V E R S I O NOIL BURNINGO N L I N E V E R S I O NBURNING APPLIANCESO N L I N E V E R S I O NAPPLIANCESOUTPUTO N L I N E V E R S I O NOUTPUT UPO N L I N E V E R S I O NUP TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO 45kWO N L I N E V E R S I O N45kW


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Flues for oil-fired appliances: flue gas temperature4.9 SatisfactoryprovisionofchimneysandfluepipesdependsuponthefluegastemperaturetobeexpectedinnormalserviceandseparateguidanceisgiveninthisApprovedDocumentaccordingtowhethertheproposedinstallationwillhaveafluegastemperaturemorethanorlessthan250°CasmeasuredbyasuitablemethodsuchasthoseinOFTECStandardsA100orA101.SuitablechimneysystemsmaythenbeselectedbasedontheirperformancedesignationhavingbeentestedinaccordancewiththerelevantEuropeanstandard.

4.10 Fluegastemperaturesdependuponappliancetypesandtheageoftheirdesign.ModernboilersbearingtheCEmark,indicatingcompliancewiththeBoiler (Efficiency) Regulations (1993),normallyhavefluegastemperaturesnotexceeding250°C.Condensingoil-firedapplianceswillnormallyproducefluegastemperatureswellbelow100°C.Informationforindividualappliancesshouldbesoughtfromthemanufacturer’sinstallation instructions,fromthemanufacturersthemselvesorfromOFTEC.Wherethisisnotavailable,fluesshouldbeconstructedforanassumedfluegastemperaturegreaterthan250°C.

Provisions for flue gas temperatures in excess of 250°C4.11 AwayofmakingsatisfactoryprovisionforoilappliancesinthesecaseswouldbetofollowtheguidancegiveninSections1and2forconnectingfluepipesandmasonryorflueblock chimneysortoprovideafactory-made metal chimneyinaccordancewithParagraphs1.42to1.46inSection1(butnotParagraph1.42(b)).However,otherproductsmaybeacceptableiftheyhavebeencertifiedforthispurpose.

Provisions for flue gas temperatures not exceeding 250°C4.12 Satisfactoryprovisionofchimneysandfluepipesforoilappliancesinthesecasesmaybeachievedby:

a. followingtheguidanceontheselectionofcomponentsandthemanneroftheirinstallationasgiveninParagraphs4.13to4.20andthereferencestoSection1or(iftheintendedapplianceisnewandofknowntype);

b. i) usingfactory-madecomponentsthatachieveaperformanceatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignationgiveninTable8(fortheintendedappliancetype)whentestedtoanappropriateEuropeanchimneystandard(BSEN);and

ii) installingthesecomponentsinaccordancewiththeguidanceinParagraphs4.13to4.20andSection1,asrelevant,andinaccordancewiththeappliancemanufacturer’sandcomponentmanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.

Table8 Minimum performance designations for chimney and fluepipe components for use with new oil-fired appliances with flue gas temperature less than 250ºC

Appliance type Minimum designation

Fuel type

Condensingboiler,includingcombinationboiler,rangecooker,rangecooker/boiler–withpressure-jetburners

T120N2W1O ClassC2oil(kerosene)LiquidbiofuelconformingtoEN14213:2003

Condensingboiler,includingcombinationboiler,rangecooker,rangecooker/boiler–withpressure-jetburners

T160N2W2O ClassDoil(heatingoil)

Non-condensingboiler,includingcombinationboiler,rangecooker,rangecooker/boiler–withpressure-jetburners

T250N2D1O ClassC2oil(kerosene)LiquidbiofuelconformingtoEN14213:2003

Non-condensingboiler,includingcombinationboiler,rangecooker,rangecooker/boiler–withpressure-jetburners

T250N2D2O ClassDoil(heatingoil)

Cookerandroomheater–withvaporisingburner

T160N2D1O ClassC2oil(kerosene)

Cookerandroomheater–withvaporisingburner

T250N2D2O ClassDoil(heatingoil)

Notes:

1. ThedesignationofchimneyproductsisdescribedinAppendixG.TheBSENfortheproductwillspecifyitsfulldesignationandmarkingrequirements.

2. Thesearedefaultdesignations.Wheretheappliancemanufacturer’sinstallationinstructionsspecifyahigherdesignation,thisshouldbecompliedwith.

3. Refertotheappliancemanufacturerregardingthesuitabilityoftheapplianceandfluesystemforusewithoil/bio-liquidblends.

Connecting fluepipe components4.13 Connectingfluepipescanbeconstructedusingthefollowingcomponents:

a. anyoftheoptionslistedinParagraph1.32;or

b. sheetmetalfluepipesasdescribedinBSEN1856-2:2004;or

c. fibrecementpipesasdescribedinBSEN1857:2003+A1:2008;or

d. anyothercomponentthathasbeencertifiedassuitableforthispurpose.

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Masonry chimneys4.14 MasonrychimneyscanbebuiltinaccordancewithParagraphs1.27and1.28inSection1.

Flueblock chimneys4.15 Chimneyscanbeconstructedfromfactory-madeflueblocksystemsprimarilydesignedforsolidfuel,asdescribedinParagraphs1.29and1.30inSection1.Theycanalsobeconstructedfromfactory-madeflueblocksystemscomprisingstraightblocks,recessunits,lintelblocks,offsetblocks,transferblocksandjointingmaterialscomplyingwith:

a. BSEN1858:2003forconcreteflueblocks;or

b. BSEN1806:2006forclay/ceramicflueblocks,withaperformanceatleastequaltothedesignationgiveninTable8fortheintendedappliancetype.

4.16 Flueblock chimneysshouldbeinstalledwithsealedjointsinaccordancewiththeflueblockmanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.Wherebendsoroffsetsarerequired,theseshouldbeformedusingmatchingfactory-madecomponents.Flueblockswhicharenotintendedtobebondedintosurroundingmasonryshouldbesupportedandrestrainedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’s installation instructions.

Factory-made metal chimneys4.17 Chimneysforoil-firedappliancescanbeconstructedusingthesystemsdescribedinParagraphs1.42to1.46inSection1.

Location and shielding of flues4.18 Awayofprotectingthebuildingfabricfromtheheatdissipationfromflues,wherefluegastemperaturesarenotexpectedtoexceed250°C,wouldbetofollowtheguidanceinTable9.

4.19 Whereafluepipeorchimneypenetratesafire compartmentwallorfloor,itmustnotbreachthefireseparationrequirementsofPartB.SeeApprovedDocumentBformoreguidance.

4.20 Fluepipesandfactory-madechimneysshouldalsobeguardediftheycouldbeatriskofdamageoriftheypresentahazardtopeoplethatisnotimmediatelyapparentsuchaswhentheytraverseintermediatefloorsoutofsightoftheappliance.

Table9 Protecting buildings from hot flues for flue gas temperatures not more than 250ºC

Flue within: Protection measures

Connectingfluepipe

Factory-madechimneydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003

Fluesshouldbeatleast25mmfromanycombustiblematerial(measuredfromtheoutersurfaceofthefluewall,ortheoutersurfaceoftheinnerwallinthecaseofmulti-walledproducts).Wherepassingthroughacombustiblewall,floororroof(otherthanacompartmentwallfloororroof)thisseparationcanbeachievedbyanon-combustiblesleeveenclosingthefluepipeorchimneywitha25mmair-spacetotherelevantfluewall.(Theair-spacecouldbewhollyorpartiallyfilledwithnon-combustibleinsulatingmaterial.)

Factory-madechimneydesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1856-1:2003andBSEN1856-2:2004

InstallinaccordancewithParagraph1.45ofthisApprovedDocumentwithminimumseparationdistancesaccordingtofluedesignation.

Masonrychimney Provideatleast25mmofmasonrybetweenfluesandanycombustiblematerial.

Flueblockchimney Provideflueblockwallsatleast25mmthick.

Flueassembliesforroom-sealedappliances

a) fluespassingthroughcombustiblewallsshouldbesurroundedbyinsulatingmaterialatleast50mmthick.

b) provideaclearanceofatleast50mmfromtheedgeoftheflueoutlettoanycombustiblewallcladding.

Relining of flues in chimneys4.21 Liningorreliningfluesmaybebuildingworkand,inanycase,suchworkshouldbecarriedoutsothattheobjectivesofrequirementsJ2toJ5aremet(seeParagraphs1.34and1.35).Forflue linersservingoilappliances,waysofmeetingtherequirementsincludetheuseof:

a. liningssuitableforuseifthefluegastemperaturecanbeexpectedtoexceed250°Csuchas:

i. linersasdescribedinParagraph1.27;

ii. linersasdescribedinParagraph2.20;

iii. flexiblestainlesssteellinersdesignatedinaccordancewithBSEN1858:2008;

iv. othersystemswhichhavebeencertifiedassuitableforthispurpose.

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b. liningssuitableforuseifthefluegastemperatureisunlikelytoexceed250°Csuchas:

i. anyoftheliningsdescribedin(a)above;

ii. othersystemswhichhavebeencertifiedassuitableforthispurpose;

iii. (iftheapplianceisnewandofknowntype)flueliningsystemsthathaveaperformanceatleastequaltothatcorrespondingtothedesignation giveninTable8fortheintendedappliancetype.

4.22 Flexiblemetalflue linersshouldbeinstalledinonecompletelengthwithoutjointswithinthechimney.Otherthanforsealingatthetopandthebottom,thespacebetweenthechimneyandthelinershouldbeleftemptyunlessthisiscontrarytothemanufacturer’sinstructions.Double-skinflexibleflue linersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewiththemanufacturer’sinstallation instructions.LinersshouldbeinstalledinaccordancewithBSEN15827-1:2007.

Flues for appliances burning Class D oil4.23 FlueswhichmaybeexpectedtoserveappliancesburningClassDoilshouldbemadeofmaterialswhichareresistanttoacidsofsulphur,i.e.minimumfluedesignation‘D2’fornon-condensingappliancesor‘W2’forcondensingappliances,accordingtothedesignationsysteminBSEN1443:2003andrelatedfluestandards.

Hearths for oil-fired appliances4.24 Hearthsareneededtopreventthebuildingcatchingfireand,whilstitisnotahealthandsafetyprovision,itiscustomarytotopthemwithatrayforcollectingspilledfuel.

4.25 Iftheoperationofanapplianceisunlikelytocausethetemperatureofthefloorbelowittoexceed100°C,asshownusinganappropriatetestproceduresuchasthoseinOFTEC StandardsA 100 and A 101,specialmeasuresmaybeunnecessarybeyondtheprovisionofarigid,imperforate,andnon-absorbentsheetofnon-combustible materialsuchasasteeltray.Thismaybeprovidedasanintegralpartoftheappliance.

4.26 Iftheappliancecouldcausethetemperatureofthefloorbelowittoexceed100°C,amoresubstantialhearthisrequired.Awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoprovideahearthofsolidnon-combustible materialatleast125mmthick(whichmayincludethethicknessofanynon-combustiblefloor)withplandimensionsnotlessthanthoseshowninDiagram24inSection2.Itshouldhavenocombustiblematerialbelowitunlessthereisanair-spaceofatleast50mmbetweenthematerialandtheundersideofthehearth,orthereisadistanceofatleast250mm

betweenthematerialandthetopofthehearth(seeDiagram25inSection2).

4.27 Toprovidearegionaroundtheappliancewhichisfreeofanycombustiblematerial,theapplianceshouldnotbeplacedclosertotheedgesofthehearthnorclosertoanycombustiblematerialwhichislaidoverthehearththanthedistancesshowninDiagram42.Theperimeterofthissaferegionshouldbemarkedtoprovideawarningtothebuildingoccupantsandtodiscouragecombustiblefloorfinishessuchascarpetfrombeinglaidtooclosetotheappliance.Awayofachievingthiswouldbetoprovideachangeinlevel.

Shielding of oil-fired appliances4.28 Combustiblematerialsadjacenttooil-firedappliancesmayneedprotectionfromtheeffectsofheat.Specialmeasuresmaybeunnecessaryifthematerialswillnotbesubjectedtotemperaturesinexcessof100°C,butotherwiseawayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoprotectcombustiblefabricwith:

a. ashieldofnon-combustible material,suchasinsulatingboardwithfire-resistantsurface;or

b. anair-spaceofatleast75mm(seeDiagram39inSection3).

4.29 Applianceshavingsurfacetemperaturesduringnormaloperationofnomorethan100°Cwouldnotnormallyrequireshielding.

Alternative approachTherequirementsmayalsobemetbyadoptingtherelevantrecommendationsinthepublicationlistedbelowtoachieveanequivalentlevelofperformancetothatobtainedbyfollowingtheguidanceinthisApprovedDocument:BS5410-1:1997Code of practice for oil firing.Installations up to 45kW output capacity for space heating and hot water supply purposes.

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Diagram42 Location of an oil-fired appliance in relation to its hearth.Minimum dimensions of the heat-resistant material in the hearth and the clear zone of non-combustible surface

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Section 5: Provisions for liquid fuel storage and supply

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Performance5.1 IntheSecretaryofState’sviewrequirementsJ6andJ7willbemetif:

a. oilandLPGfuelstorageinstallationsincludingthepipeworkconnectingthemtothecombustion appliancesinthebuildingstheyservearelocatedandconstructedsothattheyarereasonablyprotectedfromfireswhichmayoccurinbuildingsorbeyondboundaries;

b. oilstoragetanks,theirancillaryequipmentandthepipeworkconnectingthemtocombustion appliancesinbuildingsusedwhollyormainlyforprivatedwellings:

i. arereasonablyresistanttophysicaldamageandcorrosionandaredesignedandinstalledsoastominimisetheriskofoilescapingduringthefillingormaintenanceofthetank;and

ii. incorporatesecondarycontainmentwhenthereisasignificantriskofpollution;and

iii. arelabelledwithinformationonhowtorespondtoaleak.

Heating oil storage installations5.2 GuidanceisgiveninthisApprovedDocumentonwaysofmeetingrequirementsJ6andJ7whenproposingtoconstructoilstoragesystemswithabove-groundorsemi-buriedtanksof3500litrescapacityorless,usedexclusivelyforheatingoil.HeatingoilscompriseClassC2oil(kerosene)orClassDoil(gasoil)asspecifiedinBS2869:1998,liquidbiofuelconformingtoEN14213:2003andblendsofmineraloilandliquidbiofuel.AwayofmeetingrequirementsJ6andJ7forsuchinstallationswouldbetofollowtherelevantrecommendationsinBS5410-1:1997,whilstalsoadoptingtheguidanceinparagraphs5.4to5.12.

5.3 RequirementJ7doesnotapplytooilstoragesystemswherethecapacityofthetankexceeds3500litres,orwherethetankisfullyburiedorwherethebuildingservedisnotwhollyormainlyusedasoneormoreprivatedwellings.However,requirementJ6appliestooilstoragesystemsservingbuildingsofalldescriptions,wherethecapacityofthetankexceeds90litres,withnouppercapacitylimitonapplication,andincludingcaseswherethetankisburied.Fortankswithcapacitiesinexcessof3500litres,adviceonwaysofcomplyingwithrequirementsJ6andanyotherfireprecautionslegislationmaybesoughtfromtheFireAuthority.InEnglandtanksservingbuildingswhicharenotwhollyor

mainlyusedasprivatedwellingsarelikelytobesubjecttotheControlofPollution(OilStorage)(England)Regulations2001(seeparagraph5.7).

Protective measures against fire5.4 AwayofachievingcompliancewithrequirementJ6wouldbetoadopttheguidancegiveninTable10,whichalsooffersadviceonreducingtheriskoffuelstoragesystemfiresignitingbuildingsandtomakeprovisionagainsttheinstallationbecomingovergrown.Thiscanbeachievedwithahardsurfacebeneaththetanksuchasconcrete,orpavingslabsatleast42mmthick,extendingoutatleast300mmbeyondtheperimeterofthetank(oritsexternalskinifitisoftheintegrallybundedtype).

Table10 Fire protection for oilstorage tanks

Location of tank Protection usually satisfactory

Withinabuilding Locatetanksinaplaceofspecialfirehazardwhichshouldbedirectlyventilatedtooutside.WithoutprejudicetotheneedforcompliancewithalltherequirementsinSchedule1,theneedtocomplywithPartBshouldparticularlybetakenintoaccount.

Lessthan1800mmfromanypartofabuilding

a) Makebuildingwallsimperforate(1)within1800mmoftankswithatleast30minutesfireresistance(2)tointernalfireandconstructeaves.

b) Provideafirewall(3)betweenthetankandanypartofthebuildingwithin1800mmofthetankandconstructeavesasin(a)above.Thefirewallshouldextendatleast300mmhigherandwiderthantheaffectedpartsofthetank.

Lessthan760mmfromaboundary

Provideafirewallbetweenthetankandtheboundaryoraboundarywallhavingatleast30minutesfireresistancetofireoneitherside.Thefirewallortheboundarywallshouldextendatleast300mmhigherandwiderthanthetopandsidesofthetank.

Atleast1800mmfromthebuildingandatleast760mmfromaboundary

Nofurtherprovisionsnecessary.

Notes:

1. Excludingsmallopeningssuchasairbricksetc.

2. Fireresistanceintermsofinsulation,integrityandstabilityasdeterminedbytestingtotherelevantpartsofBS476orBSEN1363orBSEN1364.

3. Firewallsareimperforatenon-combustiblewallsorscreens,suchasmasonrywallsorfire-ratedcompositepanelscreens.




5.5 Fire wallsshouldbebuilttobestablesoasnottoposeadangertopeoplearoundthem.AwayofachievingthiswhenconstructingmasonrywallswouldbetofollowtheguidanceonwallthicknessinrelationtoheightgiveninYour garden walls: Better to be safe than sorry(See’OtherPublicationsreferredto’).

Oil supply pipe systems: means of automatic isolation5.6 AwayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbetoinstallfuelpipeworkwhichisresistanttotheeffectsoffireandtofitaproprietaryfirevalvesysteminaccordancewiththerelevantrecommendationsinBS5410-1:1997,Sections8.2and8.3.

Provisions where there is a risk of oil pollution5.7 TheControlofPollution(OilStorage)(England)Regulations2001(SI2001/2954)cameintoforceon1March2002.TheyapplytoawiderangeofoilstorageinstallationsinEngland,buttheydonotapplytothestorageofoilonanypremisesusedwhollyormainlyasoneormoreprivatedwellings,ifthecapacityofthetankis3500litresorless.Adviceontheconstructionofabove-groundoilstoragetanksthatmaybesubjecttotheseRegulationsiscontainedin Above Ground Oil Storage Tanks: PPG2 (2004).

Note: Belowgroundoilstorageisnotrecommendedwhereotheroptionsareavailableasundergroundtanksaredifficulttoinspectandleaksmaynotbeimmediatelyobvious.Someguidanceandfurthersourcesofreferencearecontainedininstallation, decommissioning and removal of underground storage tanks: PPG27(2002).

5.8 RequirementJ6appliestooilstoragetanksof3500litresorlessservingcombustion appliancesinbuildingsusedwhollyormainlyasprivatedwellings.Insuchcases,secondarycontainmentshouldbeprovidedwherethereisasignificantriskofoilpollution.ForthepurposesofrequirementJ6,thereisasignificantriskofpollutioniftheoilstorageinstallation:

a. hasatotalcapacityofmorethan2500litres;or

b. islocatedwithin10mofinlandfreshwatersorcoastalwaters;or

c. islocatedwherespillagecouldrunintoanopendrainortoaloose-fittingmanholecover;or

d. islocatedwithin50mofsourcesofpotablewater,suchaswells,bore-holesorsprings;or

e. islocatedwhereoilspilledfromtheinstallationcouldreachthewaterslistedabovebyrunningacrosshardground;or

f. islocatedwheretankventpipeoutletscannotbeseenfromtheintendedfillingpoint.

g. islocatedwithinZone1(innerprotectionzone)ofanEnvironmentAgencyGroundwaterSourceProtectionZone(SPZ).

Note:ThelocationofSPZsisshownontheEnvironmentAgency›sGroundwaterSourcesmapavailableonlineatwww.environment-agency.gov.uk/research/library/maps.

5.9 Inlandfreshwatersincludestreams,rivers,reservoirsandlakes,aswellasditchesandgrounddrainage(includingperforateddrainagepipes)thatfeedintothem.

5.10 Whensecondarycontainmentisconsiderednecessary,awayofmeetingtherequirementwouldbeto:

a. provideanintegrallybundedprefabricatedtank;or

b. constructabundfrommasonryorconcreteinaccordancewiththegeneralguidanceinAboveGroundOilStorageTanks:PPG2(2004)andthespecificadviceinMasonryBundsforOilStorageTanksorConcreteBundsforOilStorageTanks,asappropriate.However:

c. wherethebundwallsarepartofthewallsofachamberorbuildingenclosingthetank,anydoorthroughsuchwallsshouldbeabovebundlevel;and

d. specialistadviceshouldbesoughtwherethebundhasastructuralroleaspartofabuilding.

5.11 Bunds,whetherpartofprefabricatedtanksystemsorconstructedonsite,shouldhaveacapacityofatleast110percentofthelargesttanktheycontain.Integrallybundedoiltanksthatcomplywiththefollowingstandardswillmeetthisprovision:

i. OFST100OilFiringEquipmentStandard–PolyethyleneOilStorageTanksforDistillateFuels(2008);

ii. OFST100OilFiringEquipmentStandard–SteelOilStorageTanksandTankBundsforusewithDistillateFuels,LubricationOilsandWasteOils(2008).

5.12 AnoilstorageinstallationshouldcarryalabelinaprominentpositiongivingadviceonwhattodoifanoilspilloccursandthetelephonenumberoftheEnvironmentAgency’sEmergencyHotline(seeAppendixF).

LPG storage installations5.13 LPGinstallationsarecontrolledbylegislationenforcedbytheHSEortheiragents.FactorswhichdeterminetheamountofbuildingworknecessaryforaLPGstorageinstallationtocomplyincludeitscapacity,whethertanksareinstalledaboveorbelowgroundandthenatureofthepremisestheyserve.AstorageinstallationmaybeshowntocomplywiththelegislationbyconstructingitinaccordancewithanappropriateindustryCodeofPractice,preparedin

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consultationwiththeHSE.However,foraninstallationofupto1.1tonnecapacity,whosetankstandsintheopenair,followingtheguidanceinthisApprovedDocumentandtherelevantguidanceinApprovedDocumentB,willnormallyensurethatnofurtherbuildingworkisneededtocomplywithotherlegislation.

Tank location and protective measures5.14 ForLPGstoragesystemsofupto1.1tonnecapacity,comprisingonetankstandingintheopenair,awayofmeetingtherequirementJ6wouldbetocomplywiththerelevantrecommendationsintheUKLPGCode Of Practice 1: Bulk LPG Storage at Fixed Installations Part 1 (2009)andBS5482-1:2005(seeAppendixFand‘OtherPublicationsreferredto’)whilstalsoadoptingthefollowingguidance:

5.15 TheLPGtankshouldbeinstalledoutdoorsandnotwithinanopenpit.Thetankshouldbeadequatelyseparatedfrombuildings,theboundaryandanyfixedsourcesofignitiontoenablesafedispersalintheeventofventingorleaksandintheeventoffiretoreducetheriskoffirespreading.AwayofmeetingtherequirementsinnormalsituationswouldbetoadopttheseparationdistancesinTable11andDiagram43,whichalsooffersadviceonreducingtheriskofLPGstoragefiresignitingthebuilding.Drains,gulliesandcellarhatcheswithintheseparationdistancesshouldbeprotectedfromgasentry.

5.16 Fire wallsmaybefree-standingwallsbuiltbetweenthetankandthebuilding,boundaryandfixedsourceofignition(seeDiagram43(b))orapartofthebuildingoraboundarywallbelongingtotheproperty.Wherea fire wallispartofthebuildingoraboundarywall,itshouldbelocatedinaccordancewithDiagram43(c)and,ifpartofthebuilding,constructedinaccordancewithDiagram43(d).

5.17 Suitablefire wallswouldbeimperforateandofsolidmasonry,concreteorsimilarconstruction.Theyshouldhaveafire resistance(insulation,integrityandstability(REI))ofatleast30minutesbut,ifpartofthebuildingasshowninDiagram43(d),theyshouldhaveafire resistance(REI)ofatleast60minutes.Toensuregoodventilation,fire wallsshouldnotnormallybebuiltonmorethanonesideofatank.

Table11 Fire protection for LPG storage tanks (see Diagram 43)

Minimum separation distances from buildings, boundaries or fixed sources of ignition (metres)

(A) Capacity of tank not exceeding (tonnes):

(B) To a tank with no fire wall or to a tank around a fire wall

(C) To a tank shielded by a fire wall

0.25 2.5 0.3

1.1 3 1.5

5.18 Afire wallshouldbeatleastashighasthepressurereliefvalve.ItshouldextendhorizontallysuchthattheseparationspecifiedinTable11(ColumnB)ismaintained:

a. whenmeasuredaroundtheendsofthefire wallasshowninDiagram43(b);or

b. whenmeasuredtotheendsofthefire wallasshowninDiagram43(c),ifthefire wallistheboundaryorpartofthebuilding.

Location and support of cylinders5.19 WhereanLPGstorageinstallationconsistsofasetofcylinders,awayofmeetingtherequirementswouldbetofollowtheprovisionsbelowandasshowninDiagram44.

5.20 Provisionsshouldenablecylinderstostandupright,securedbystrapsorchainsagainstawalloutsidethebuildinginawell-ventilatedpositionatgroundlevel,wheretheyarereadilyaccessible,reasonablyprotectedfromphysicaldamageandwheretheydonotobstructexitroutesfromthebuilding.Satisfactorybuildingworkprovisionswouldbetoprovideafirmlevelbasesuchasconcreteatleast50mmthickorpavingslabsbeddedonmortaratalocationsothatcylindervalveswillbe:

a. atleast1mhorizontallyand300mmverticallyfromopeningsinthebuildingorheatsourcessuchasflueterminalsandtumble-dryervents;and

b. atleast2mhorizontallyfromdrainswithouttraps,unsealedgulliesorcellarhatchesunlessaninterveningwallnotlessthan250mmhighisprovided.

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Table 11Column (B)

Table 11Column (B)

Table 11Column (C)

Table 11Column (C)

Table 11Column (C)

Table 11 Column (B)(See Diagram (c) above)

Diagram43 Separation or shielding of liquefied petroleum gas tanks of up to 1.1 tonne capacity from buildings, boundaries and fixed sources of ignition

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LPG pipework (Informative)5.21 ForthepuposesoftheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations1998(GSIUR),wheretheLPGservicepipeworkrunsundergroundfromtheLPGtanktothepremisesitshouldbemanufacturedofnon-corrodingmaterial.Pipeenteringthebuildingshouldbemanufacturedfrommetallicmaterialandthetransitionjointsbetweenthenon-metallicandmetallicpipeshouldbelocatedoutdoors.Thepipeshouldenterthebuildingabovegroundandbesleeved.Thesleeveshouldbecontinuousthroughtheexternalwallandbesealedattheinnerwalltoensurethatanyescapesofgasareventedtotheoutsideonly.FurtherguidanceisavailableinUKLPGCodeofPractice22andInstitutionofGasEngineersandManagersstandardIG/TD/4.

5.22 InrespectofinstallationpipeworksubjecttotheprovisionsoftheGSIUR,Regulation19(6)oftheGSIURrequiresthatinstallationpipeworkshouldnotbeinstalledinanyshaft,ductorvoidwhichisnotadequatelyventilated.ThisisalsoapplicabletoLPGpipeworkinbuildingsnotsubjecttoGSIUR.GuidanceontheventilationofpipeinductscanbefoundinBS8131:1997CodeofPracticeforaccommodationofbuildingservicesinducts.

Diagram44 Location of LPG cylinders

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ExAMPLES: SEE PARAGRAPH 1.55Hearth, fireplace, flues and chimneys

Thechecklistcanhelpyoutoensurehearths,fireplaces,fluesandchimneysaresatisfactory.Ifyouhavebeendirectlyengaged,copiesshouldalsobeofferedtotheclientandtotheBuildingControlBodytoshowwhatyouhavedonetocomplywiththerequirementsofPartJ.Ifyouareasub-contractor,acopyshouldbeofferedtothemaincontractor.

1. Building address, where work has been carried out........................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

2. Identification of hearth, fireplace, chimney or flue. Example: Fireplace in lounge

Example: Gas fire in rear addition bedroom

Example: Small boiler room

3. Firing capability: solid fuel/gas/oil/all. All Gas only Oil only

4. Intended type of appliance.State type or make. If open fire give finished fireplace opening dimensions.

Open fire 480 W x 560 H (mm)

Radiant/convector fire 6kW input

Oil fire boiler 18kW output (pressure jet)

5. Ventilation provisions for the appliance:State type and area of permanently open air vents.

2 through wall ventilators each 10,000mm2 (100cm2)

Not fitted Vents to outside: Top 9,900mm2

Bottom 19,800mm2

6. Chimney or flue construction

a) State the type and make and whether new or existing. New. Brick with clay liners

Existing masonry S.S. prefab to BS 4543-2

b) Internal flue size (and equivalent height, wherecalculated – natural draught gas appliances only).

200mm Ø 125mm Ø (H0=3.3m) 127mm Ø

c) If clay or concrete flue liners used confirm they are correctly jointed with socket end uppermost and state joining materials used.

Sockets uppermost Jointed by fire cement

Not applicable Not applicable

d) If an existing chimney has been refurbished with a new liner, type or make of liner fitted.

Not applicable to BS 715

Flexible metal liner Not applicable

e) Details of flue outlet terminal and diagram reference.

Outlet detail: Smith Ltd Louvred pot 200mm Ø

125mm Ø GC1 terminal Maker’s recommended terminal

Compiles with: As Diagram 17, AD J As BS 5440-1:2008 As Diagram 41, AD J

f) Number and angle of bends. 2 x 45˚ 2 x 45˚ 1 x 90˚ Tee

g) Provision for cleaning and recommended frequency. Sweep annually via fireplace opening

Annual service by Gas Safe Register engineer

Sweep annually via base of Tee and via appliance

7. Hearth, form of construction. New or existing? New. Tiles on concrete floor. 125mm thick. As Diagram 25 AD J

Existing hearth for solid fuel fire, with fender.

New. Solid floorMin 125mm concrete above DPM. As Diagram 42, ADJ

8. Inspection and testing after completionTest carried out by: Test (Appendix E in AD J) and results

Flue inspection visual sweeping coring ball smoke Appliance (where included) spillage

Inspected and tested byJ Smith, Smith Building Co.

Not possible, bendsOKOKOKNot included

Tested by J Smith, GasSafe Reg no. 1234

Not possible, bendsNot applicableNot applicableNot applicableOK

Tested by J Smith, The Oil Heating Co.

Checked to Section 10,BS7566:Part 3: 1992 – OKOKOKOK

I/Wetheundersignedconfirmthattheabovedetailsarecorrect.Inmyopinion,theseworkscomplywiththerelevantrequirementsinPartJofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulations.

Printnameandtitle……………………………………………………………………………………Profession………………………………………………….

Capacity…(e.g.“ProprietorofSmith’sFlues”,AuthorisingEngineerforBrownplc)…………….........................…......…Telno.…...........………

Address……………………………………………………………………………………………………..........................….Postcode…........…………

Signed……………………………………………………………………………………………..Date…………………………………………

Registeredmembershipof…(e.g.GasSafe,OFTEC,HETAS,NACE,NACS)…………………………….………………………………………………

J

Appendix A: Checklist for checking and testing of hearths, fireplaces, flues and chimneys



J


Blank form – This page may be copied to provide certificates for use

Hearth, fireplace, flues and chimneysThechecklistcanhelpyoutoensurethathearths,fireplaces,fluesandchimneysaresatisfactory.Ifyouhavebeendirectlyengaged,copiesshouldalsobeofferedtotheclientandtotheBuildingControlBodytoshowwhatyouhavedonetocomplywiththerequirementsofPartJ.Ifyouareasub-contractor,acopyshouldbeofferedtothemaincontractor.

1. Building address, where work has been carried out…………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Identification of hearth, fireplace, chimney or flue.

3. Firing capability: solid fuel/gas/oil/all.

4. Intended type of appliance.State type or make. If open fire give finished fireplace opening dimensions.

5. Ventilation provisions for the appliance:State type and area of permanently open air vents.

6. Chimney or flue construction

a) State the type and make and whether new or existing.

b) Internal flue size (and equivalent height, wherecalculated – natural draught gas appliances only).

c) If clay or concrete flue liners used confirm they are correctly jointed with socket end uppermost and state joining materials used.

d) If an existing chimney has been refurbished with a new liner, type or make of liner fitted.

e) Details of flue outlet terminal and diagram reference.

Outlet detail:

Complies with:

f) Number and angle of bends.

g) Provision for cleaning and recommended frequency.

7. Hearth, form of construction. New or existing?

8. Inspection and testing after completionTest carried out by: Test (Appendix E in AD J) and results

Flue inspection visual sweeping coring ball smoke Appliance (where included) spillage

I/Wetheundersignedconfirmthattheabovedetailsarecorrect.Inmyopinion,theseworkscomplywiththerelevantrequirementsinPartJofSchedule1totheBuildingRegulations.

Printnameandtitle……………………………………………………………………………………Profession………………………………………………….

Capacity…(e.g.“ProprietorofSmith’sFlues”,AuthorisingEngineerforBrownplc)…………….........................…......…Telno.…...........………

Address……………………………………………………………………………………………………..........................….Postcode…........…………

Signed……………………………………………………………………………………………..Date…………………………………………

Registeredmembershipof…(e.g.GasSafe,OFTEC,HETAS,NACE,NACS)…………………………….………………………………………………

APPENDIXA JO N L I N E V E R S I O N


J


(SEE PARAGRAPH 2.7)B1 Theopeningareaofafireplaceshouldbecalculatedfromthefollowingformula:

B2 ExamplesofLandHforlargeandunusualfireplaceopeningsareshowninDiagram45.

Appendix B: Opening areas of large or unusual fireplaces

Diagram45 Large or unusual fireplace openings. (Note: for use with this Appendix,measure L, H and W in mm)



J


(SEE DIAGRAM 32)C1 Anopen-fluedboilerwitharatedinputof15kW(net)isinstalledinanappliance compartmentsuchasaboilerroom,whichisventilateddirectlytotheoutside.Thedesignoftheboilerissuchthatitrequirescoolingairinthesecircumstances.

C2 ThecoolingairisexhaustedviaventD,whichhasanarea:

C3 VentEallowsthecoolingairtoenter,aswellasadmittingtheairneededforcombustionandthesafeoperationoftheflue.Ithasanarea:

C4 Theventilationareasincm²canbefoundbydividingtheresultsgivenaboveinmm²by100.

Appendix C: Example calculation of the ventilation requirements of a gas-fired appliance



J


(SEE DIAGRAM 40)D1 Anopen-flued applianceisinstalledinanappliance compartmentsuchasacupboard,whichisventilatedviaanadjoiningroom.Theairpermeabilityofthedwellingis6.0m3/(h.m2)at50Pa.Theappliancehasaratedoutputof11kW,i.e.6kWmorethantheratingatwhichpermanentventilationopeningsbecomenecessaryfortheadjoiningroom.

D2 Airforcombustionandthesafeoperationoftheflueenterstheadjoiningroompartiallythroughinfiltration,withthebalanceenteringviaventA,whoseareaiscalculatedasfollows:

D3 Thecoolingairfortheappliance compartmentisexhaustedthroughventB,whichhasanarea:

D4 Alloftheairforcombustionandthesafeoperationoftheflueaswellascoolingairenterstheappliance compartmentthroughventC,whichhasanarea:

D5 Theventilationareasincm²canbefoundbydividingtheresultsgivenaboveinmm²by100.

J

Appendix D: Example calculation of the ventilation requirements of an oil-fired appliance



J


(SEE PARAGRAPHS 1.36 AND 1.54)E1 ThisAppendixdescribeswaysofcheckingthecompliancewithJ2ofexisting,relinedornewflues,and(whereincludedinthework)thecombustion appliance.Itappliesonlytonatural draughtfluesintendedforopen-flued appliances.Theproceduresdescribedareusedonlytoassesswhethertheflueinthechimney,theconnectingfluepipe(andfluegaspassagesintheappliance)arefreeofobstructionandacceptablygas-tight.Inaddition,applianceperformancetests,includingfluespillageteststocheckforcompliancewithJ2,shouldbecarriedoutwhenanapplianceiscommissionedtocheckforcompliancewithPartLandasrequiredbytheGasSafety(InstallationandUse)Regulations.

E2 Testsonfluesshouldbecarriedoutatthemostappropriatetimeduringthebuildingwork.Wherepossible,forexample,smoketestsshouldbeperformedwhenthestructureofachimneyisvisibleandbeforetheapplicationoffinishessuchasplasterordryliningthatcouldobscuresightofsmokeleakageduringtesting.

Testing applicationsTests for existing flues

E3 Fluesinexistingchimneyscanbeobstructedbynests,debrisresultingfromdeteriorationofthestructure(e.g.brickwork,flueliningmaterialorpiecesofchimneypot)andbysootandtar.Fluesinexistingchimneysmayalsoleakasaresultofholesorcracksappearinginthestructureandlinings,particularlyatjoints.Thetop,exposedpartofachimneyisparticularlypronetodecay.Awayofcheckingthestateofafluepriortobringingitbackintousewouldbetodothefollowing:

a. Sweeptheflue.Thisisintendedtocleanthefluetodemonstratethatitisessentiallyfreefromobstructionsandtoenablebettervisualinspectionandtestingoftheflue.Tardepositscausedbyburningwoodmaybeespeciallyhardtodislodgeandshouldberemoved.Thedebristhatcomesdownthechimneywhensweepingshouldbeexaminedforexcessivequantitiesofliningorbrickthataresignsthatfurtherrepairsarenecessary.

b. Carryoutavisualinspectionoftheaccessiblepartstoidentify:

i. Deteriorationinthestructure,connectionsorliningswhichcouldaffecttheflue’sgas-tightnessandsafeperformancewiththeproposedcombustion appliance.Examinetheinterioroftheflueandtheexteriorofthechimneyincludingintheroof-space.Thepresenceofsmokeortarstainsontheexteriorofachimney/breastisasignofleaksthatpossiblyindicatedamage;

ii. Modificationsmadewhilstthefluewasoutofservice,suchasthefittingofaventilatorterminal,whichwouldbeincompatiblewithusingthefluewiththeintendedappliance;

iii. Correctliningandliningsizesfortheproposednewapplication.

c. Performcheckswherenecessarytodemonstratethattheflueisfreefromrestriction:avisualcheckmaybesufficientwherethefulllengthofthefluecanbeseen.Incasesofdoubt,awayofcheckingthiswouldbetocarryoutacoringballtest.

d. Checkthegas-tightnessofthefluebycarryingoutasmoketest.

New masonry and flueblock chimneysE4 Checkduringconstructionthatlinersareinstalledtherightwayup,withsocketsfacingupwardsandjointsaresealedsothatmoistureandcondensatewillbecontainedinthechimney.

E5 Fluesinnewmasonrychimneyscanbeobstructed,particularlyatbends,bydebrisleftduringconstructionorbyexcessmortarfallingintotheflueorbyjointingmaterialextrudedfrombetweenlinersandflueblocks.Thefluesshouldbecheckedtodemonstratethattheyhavebeencorrectlyconstructedandarefreeofrestrictionsandacceptablygas-tight.

Awayofcheckingtheconditionofanewfluepriortobringingitintousewouldbetodothefollowing:

a. Carryoutavisualinspectionoftheaccessiblepartstocheckthatthelining,linersorflueblocksareofthecorrectmaterialsandofsuitablesizefortheproposedapplication.

b. Performcheckswherenecessarytodemonstratethattheflueisfreefromrestriction:avisualcheckmaybesufficientwherethefulllengthofthefluecanbeseen.Incasesofdoubt,awayofcheckingthiswouldbetocarryoutacoringballtestortosweeptheflue,whichmaybemoreeffectiveatremovingflexibledebristhatmightnotbedislodgedbyacoringball.

c. Checktheoperationandgas-tightnessofthefluebycarryingoutasmoketest.

New factory-made metal chimneysE6 Achecklistforthevisualinspectionofanewlycompletedfactory-made metal chimneyisgiveninBSEN15287-1:2007andadditionalchecksorparticularvariantsmaybeincludedinmanufacturers’installation instructions.Followinginspection,thechimneyshouldbesubjectedtoasmoketest.

JAppendix E: Methods of checking compliance with requirement J2




J APPENDIXE

Relined fluesE7 Afluewhichhasbeenrelinedmaybecheckedtoshowthatitisfreefromrestrictions,suchasfromsurplusmaterial(wherethatcanoccur)andthatitisacceptablygas-tightbyusingthesametestsaswouldbeappliedinthecaseofanewlybuiltflue.However,afluewhichhasbeenrelinedwithaflexiblemetallinerinaccordancewithParagraph3.36ofthisApprovedDocumentmaybeassumedtobeunobstructedandacceptablygas-tight.(Theuseofacoringballorinappropriatesweepsbrushescanseriouslydamageaflexiblemetalflue liner.)

AppliancesE8 Whereacombustion applianceisprovidedandconnecteduptothefluesystemaspartofthework,thecompletesystemofapplianceandflueshouldbetestedforgas-tightnessinadditiontotestingtheflueseparatelyasabove.Forgasappliances,anappropriatespillagetestprocedureisgiveninBS5440-1:2008.Foroil-andsolid-fuelfiredappliances,suitabletestproceduresaregiveninBS5410-1:1997andBSEN15287-1:2007AnnexOrespectively.

Flue test proceduresCoring ball test

E9 Thistestmaybeappropriateforprovingtheminimumdiameterofcircularflues.Itmayalsobeusedtocheckforobstructionsinsquarefluesbutwillnotdetectobstructionsinthecorners.(Apurpose-madecoringballorplatemayneedtobeusediftheflueisrectangular.)Itisnotapplicabletofluepipesandshouldnotbeusedwithflexiblemetalflue liners.Itshouldbecarriedoutbeforesmoketesting.

E10 Aheavyball,withadiameterabout25mmlessthanthatoftheflue,isloweredonaropefromtheflue outlettothebottomoftheflue.Ifanobstructionisencountered,theblockageshouldberemovedandthetestrepeated.

Smoke testing

E11 Whereanexistingflueistobecheckedwithasmoketest,itshouldfirstbeswept.

E12 Twosmoketestingproceduresaredescribedbelow.TestIconfirmsthegas-tightnessofthewholeflueandmaybeusedforoneservingasolidfuelapplianceorifthereisanydoubtovertheconditionofagasoroilflue.TestIImaybeusedwheretheflueistoserveagas-firedappliance.Neithertestisasubstituteforanyspillageorfluedraughtinterferencetestrequiredwhencommissioningtheappliance.Othersmoketestingprocedurescouldbeusedwheretheseformpartoftheprocedurefortheinstallationofanapprovedflueorreliningsystem

Smoke test I

E13 Alldoorsandwindowsintheroomservedbytheflueshouldbeclosed.Theflueshouldfirstbewarmedtoestablishadraught,e.g.withablowlamporelectricheater.Asuitablenumberoffluetestingsmokepelletsareplacedatthebaseoftheflue,suchasinthefireplace recessorintheapplianceifitisfitted,andignited.Whensmokestartstoform,thebaseoftheflueorfireplaceopeningshouldbesealedortheapplianceshouldbeclosed,sothatthesmokecanonlyentertheflue.(Forexample,therecessopeningshouldbeclosedoffwithaboardorplate,sealedattheedgesor,ifthepelletsareintheappliance,itsdoors,ashpitcoversandventsshouldbeclosed.)

E14 Smokeshouldbeseentoissuefreelyfromtheflue outletorterminal.Whenthisisestablished,thetopoftheflueissealed.Thefulllengthoftheflueshouldthenbechecked,bearinginmindParagraphE19;thereshouldbenosignificantleakage.Thetestshouldbeallowedtocontinueforatleast5minutes.Theclosuresatthetopandbottomoftheflueshouldthenberemoved.

Smoke test II

E15 Alldoorsandwindowsintheroomservedbytheflueshouldbeclosed.Theflueshouldfirstbewarmedtoestablishadraught.Asuitableflue-testingsmokepelletisignitedatthebaseoftheflueorintheintendedpositionoftheappliance,sothatthesmokeisdrawnintothefluewiththerisingdraught.(Ifthepelletsareplacedinarecessatthebaseoftheflue,theopeningbetweentheroomandtherecessshouldbepartiallyclosed,suchaswithaboard,butsoastoleaveanairentrygapofabout25mmatthebottom.)

E16 Smokeshouldbeseentoissuefreelyfromtheflue outletorterminalandnottospillbackintotheroom.Thereshouldbenosignificantleakageofsmokefromthelengthofthechimneyinsideoroutsideofthebuilding.

E17 SmoketestsIandIIareinlinewiththerecommendationsinBS5440-1:2008.

Notes in relation to testing

E18 Wherewarmingoftheflueisspecified,thisisintendedtoestablishadraught,butthismaytakemorethan10minutesinthecaseoflargeorcoldflues.

E19 Appliances,wherefitted,shouldnotbeunderfireatthetimeofcarryingoutthetest.Duringasmoketest,smokeshouldnotemergefromtheoutletofanyotherflue,asthisindicatesleakagebetweenflues.Whencheckingforsmokeleakagefromaflue,itshouldbeborneinmindthatsmokefromafaultyfluecanemergesomedistanceawayfromtheoriginalfault.Insuchcases,thesmokecouldemergefromsuchplacesasbargeoverhangsintheendofterracedwellingsorfromwindowrevealsincavitywalls.




APPENDIXE JE20 Thepurposeofcarryingoutsmoketestingistocheckthatfluegaseswillrisefreelythroughtheflueandtoidentifywhetherthereareanyfaults,suchasincorrectlysealedjointsordamagethatwouldcausethefluegasestoescapeintothedwelling.

E21 Itshouldbenotedthatsmokepelletscreateapressuresignificantlyhigherthanthepressurerequiredintheproductstandardsfornatural draught chimneysandforflueshavingagas-tightnessdesignationofN1.Fluestothisdesignationarepermittedtohavealeakagerateofupto2litre/s/m²fluewallarea.Somesmokeleakagemaythereforebeseenduringsmoketestsanditcanbeamatterofexpertjudgementofwhetherleakageindicatesfailure.

E22 However,wispsofsmokevisibleontheoutsideofthechimneyornearjointsbetweenchimneysectionsdonotnecessarilyindicateafault.Ifforcefulplumes,orlargevolumesofsmokeareseen,thiscouldindicateamajorfaultsuchasanincorrectlymadeconnectionorjoint,oradamagedsectionofchimneythatrequiresinvestigationandremedialactionfollowedbyarepeatofthetest.



J


F1 Theminimumrequirementsforpermanentventilationforcertainappliancesdependonaknowledgeoftheair-tightnessofthedwellingwheretheyaretobeinstalled,Dwellingsbuiltafter2008arelikelytohaveevidenceoftheair-tightnesseitherthroughanindividualairpermeabilitytestcertificateorthroughrepresentativetestingofthesamedesignofdwellingonthesamehousingdevelopment.

F2 Olderhousesareunlikelytohavebeentestedbutareunlikelytoachieveanairpermeabilityoflessthan5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Paunlessthebuildingfabrichasbeensubstantiallyupgraded.Thatwouldincludeallormostofthefollowingmeasures:

• Fulldouble(ortriple)glazing

• Effectiveclosuresontrickleventsandothercontrollableventilationdevices

• Allexternaldoorswithintegraldraughtsealsandletterboxseals

• Internalandexternalsealingaroundexternaldoorsandwindowframes

• Filledcavityorsolidwalls

• Impermeableoverlayandedgesealingofsuspendedgroundfloors

• Carefulsealingatjunctionsbetweenbuildingelementssuchasbetweenwallsandfloorsorceilings

• Carefulsealingaroundlofthatch

• Carefulsealingaroundchimneyorfluepenetrations

• Carefulsealingaroundinternalsoilpipe

• Carefulsealingarounddomesticwaterandheatingpipespassingintoexternallyventilatedspaces

• Carefulsealingofallservicepenetrationsinthebuildingfabric(electricity,gas,water,drainage,phone,TVaerial,etc.)

• InternalwarningpipeforWC

• Allcablechannelsforlightswitchesandpowersocketssealed

• Allcableentryforlightingandceilingrosessealed.Recessedlightingshouldnotpenetrateceilingsseparatingloftspaces.

F3 Failuretoimplementevenafewofthesemeasureswilltypicallymeanthattheoverallairpermeabilitywillprobablyexceed5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Pa.However,individualroomsinsomeolderhouseswithsolidwallsandsolidfloorscanbeinherentlyair-tightwhenfittedwithmodernglazing.Thesituationmaythereforeneedtobeassessedwithrespectbothtotheoveralldwellingandtotheindividualroomwheretheapplianceistobefitted.Ifindoubtthenassumethattheairpermeabilityislowerthan5.0m3/(h.m2)at50Paandfittheappropriatepermanentventilationorseekspecialistadvice.

FurtherinformationonsourcesofairleakagecanbefoundinGPG224 Improving airtightness in dwellings.

Appendix F: Assessing air permeability of older dwellings in relation to permanent ventilation requirements



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Appendix G: European chimney designations G1 ThisinformativeappendixprovidesasummaryoftheEuropeanchimney designationscheme.Theessenceoftheschemeisaseriesofcodelettersbasedonthegeneralchimney designationschemeofBSEN1443:2003,anexampleofwhichandtheirexplanationisgivenbelow.

DesignationG2 Thedesignationofachimneyconsistsof:

Chimney EN1234–T450N2D1G50

Numberofcorrespondingchimneystandard

Temperatureclass

PressureclassNorPorH

Resistancetocondensateclass,W(wet)orD(dry)

Corrosionresistanceclass

SootfireresistanceclassGorOfollowedbydistancetocombustiblematerials

G3 Europeanchimneystandardshavebeendevelopedbasedonthematerialoftheflue linere.g.clay/ceramic,concrete,metal,andplastic.Somematerialbasedstandardshaveadoptedadifferentshorteneddesignatione.g.forclayflue linersadesignationLiner–EN1457-300-A1-N2meansitissuitableforachimneywiththedesignationT600N2D3G,withanominalsizeof300mm.

G4 ThedesignationofthecorrosionresistanceclassofametalchimneyproductisdealtwithinBSEN1856-1andBSEN1856-2byatwo-foldapproach.Aminimummaterialspecificationandthicknessisallowedwhichisdependentonthatwhichispermittedinmemberstatesregulations,wheretheseexist.ProductsuponwhichadeclarationhasbeenmadeinthismanneraredesignatedVm.Thealternativeapproachinvolvesthechoiceofoneofthreecorrosionresistancetests.ProductsmeetingthetestscarrythedesignationV1,V2orV3,asappropriateallowtheproducttobedesignatedwiththeCorrosionresistanceclass1,2,or3respectively.Thematerialspecificationstillformspartoftheoveralldesignation,andappearsalongsidethe‘V’letter,e.g.Vx-L40045.Thematerialspecificationfortheliner(orconnectingpipe)isformedbytheletter‘L’followedbyfivedigits.Thefirsttwodigitsrepresentthematerialtypeandthelastthreedigitsrepresentthematerialthicknessinmultiplesof0.01mm.

G5 FortheUK,guidanceontheminimummaterialspecificationappropriateforthevariousapplicationsintermsofcorrosionresistance(solidfuel,gasandoil)isgivenintheUKNationalAnnextoBSEN1856-1and-2.

Forfurtherexamplesofshorteneddesignationrefertothespecificproductstandards.

G6 Inselectinganapplianceforagivenchimney designation,theappliance,irrespectiveofthefuelused,isrequiredtogeneratecombustionproductswithcharacteristicsequalorlessthanthosedesignatedforthechimney.Whenselectingachimneysuitableforagivenappliance,anychimneywithperformancecharacteristicsequaltoorhigherthanthoseappropriatefortheappliancemaybeused.

Temperature classesG7 TemperatureclassesaresetoutinTableG1andexpressedas‘T’followedbyanumberwhichislessthanorequaltothenominalworkingtemperature,i.e.,theaveragefluegastemperatureobtainedduringthenominal/ratedoutputtest(usuallythemaximumoperatinglevel);

TableG1 Temperature classes

Temperature class Nominal working temperature °C

T080 80

T100 100

T120 120

T140 140

T160 160

T200 200

T250 250

T300 300

T400 400

T450 450

T600 600

Pressure classesG8 PressureclassesaresetoutinTableG2andexpressedaseither‘N’,‘P’or‘H’followedbyeither‘1’or‘2’.Nrelatesingeneraltonatural draught chimneysi.e.operatingundernegativepressurewherethevalue1or2allowsforadifferentclassofproduct;metalchimneystoBSEN1856-1havetheclassN1.IntheUKthevalueN2willbeassignedasaminimumtomasonrychimneys.PandHrelatetochimneyswhichoperateunderpositivepressuree.g.forfanassistedapplicationsanddieselgeneratorsrespectively.Thepressuredesignationdependsonthegastightnessitachieves,thelowernumberbeingthemoreonerous,thehigherallowedleakageforpositivepressureapplicationbeingintendedtoexternalinstallations.




J APPENDIXG

TableG2 Pressure classes

Pressure class

Test pressure

Pa

Gas tightness – Maximum leakage rate

L/s/m2

N1 40 2.0

N2 20 3.0

P1 200 0.006

P2 200 0.120

H1 5000 0.006

H2 5000 0.120

Condensate resistance classesG9 Condensateresistanceclass–expressedaseither‘W’forwetor‘D’fordryoperations.Aproductdesignated‘W’,abletocontaincondensateswithintheflue,isaimedatcondensingappliances.Aproductdesignated‘D’wouldusuallyhavefluegastemperatureshighenoughtoavoidcondensateformation.

Corrosion resistance classesG10 CorrosionresistanceclassesaresetoutinTableG3–thisisfueldependantandexpressedas1,2or3.

TableG3 Corrosion resistance classes (from BS EN 1443-2003)

Corrosion resistance class

1Possible fuel types



gas

Gas:sulphur-content50mg/m3

NaturalgasL+H

GasNaturalgasL+H

GasNaturalgasL+H

liquid

Kerosene:sulphur-content50mg/m3

Oil:sulphur-content0.2mass%kerosene:sulphur-content50mg/m3

Oil:sulphur-content>0.2mass%kerosene:sulphur-content50mg/m3

wood Woodinopenfireplaces WoodinopenfireplacesWoodinclosedstoves

coal Coal

peat Peat

Sootfire resistance classesG11 Sootfireresistanceclass–expressedaseither‘G’withsootfireresistance,or‘O’without,Aproductassignedthedesignation‘G’hasbeentestedat1000ºCfor30minutes.

Distance to combustible materialG12 Thedesignationoftheminimumdistancefromtheoutersurfaceofthechimneytocombustiblematerialisgivenasxxexpressedinmillimetres(e.g.thedistance‘x-x’identifiedinparagraph1.45anddiagram13).




J

ACE(AmalgamatedChimneyEngineers):WhiteAcre,MetheringhamFen,LincolnLN43AL

Tel01526323009 Fax01526323181

BFCMA(BritishFlueandChimneyManufacturersAssociation):2WalthamCourt,MilleyLane,HareHatch,Reading,BerkshireRG109TH

Tel01189403416 [email protected] www.feta.co.uk

BRE(BuildingResearchEstablishmentLtd.):BucknallsLane,Garston,Watford,HertfordshireWD259XX

Tel01923664000 [email protected] www.bre.co.uk

BSI(BritishStandardsInstitution):389ChiswickHighRoad,LondonW44AL

Tel02089969000 Fax02089967400www.bsigroup.com

CIBSE(CharteredInstitutionofBuildingServicesEngineers):222BalhamHighRoad,LondonSW129BS

Tel02086755211 Fax02086755449www.cibse.org

Gas Safe Register:POBox6804,BasingstokeRG244NB

Tel08004085500www.gassaferegister.co.uk

Environment Agency:RioHouse,WatersideDrive,AztecWest,Almondsbury,BristolBS324UD

08708506506www.environment-agency.gov.uk

EnvironmentAgencyEmergencyHotline0800807060

HETAS(HeatingEquipmentTestingandApprovalScheme):OrchardBusinessCentre,StokeOrchard,Cheltenham,GloucestershireGL527RZ

Tel08456345626www.hetas.co.uk

HSE(HealthandSafetyExecutive):(1G)RedgraveCourt,MertonRoad,MerseysideL207HS

Tel08453450055www.hse.gov.uk

HSEInfoline:08453450055

Gassafetyadviceline:0800300363

IGEM(InstitutionofGasEngineers&Managers):IGEMHouse,HighStreet,Kegworth,DerbyshireDE742DA

Tel08443754436 Fax01509678198www.igem.org.uk

UKLPG:Unit14,BowCourt,FletchworthGateBurnsallRoad,CoventryCV56SP

www.uklpg.org

NACE(NationalAssociationofChimneyEngineers):POBox849,MetheringhamLincolnLN43WU

Tel01526322555www.nace.org.uk

NACS(NationalAssociationofChimneySweeps):Unit15,EmeraldWay,StoneBusinessPark,Stone,StaffordshireST150SR

Tel01785811732 [email protected]

NFA(NationalFireplaceAssociation):POBox583,HighWycombe,BucksHP156XT

Tel08456431901 Fax08456431902www.fireplace.co.uk

OFTEC(OilFiringTechnicalAssociationLtd):FoxwoodHouse,DobbsLane,KesgraveIpswichIP52qq

Tel08456585080 [email protected] www.oftec.org

SFA(SolidFuelAssociation):7SwanwickCourt,Alfreton,DerbyshireDE557AS

Tel01773835400 [email protected]

Appendix H: AddressesO N L I N E V E R S I O N



J

BS 41:1973 (1998)Specificationforcastironspigotandsocketflueorsmokepipesandfittings.

BS EN 303-1:1999HeatingBoilers.Heatingboilerswithforceddraughtburners.Terminologygeneralrequirements,testingandmarking.

BS 476-4:1970(2007)Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Non-combustibilitytestformaterials.AMD2483andAMD4390.

BS 476-11:1982(2007)Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Methodforassessingtheheatemissionfrombuildingmaterials.

BS 476-20:1987Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Methodfordeterminationofthefireresistanceofelementsofconstruction(generalprinciples).

BS 476-21:1987Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Methodsfordeterminationofthefireresistanceofloadbearingelementsofconstruction.

BS 476-22:1987Firetestsonbuildingmaterialsandstructures.Methodsfordeterminationofthefireresistanceofnon-loadbearingelementsofconstruction.

BS EN 449:2002 + a1:2007 SpecificationforDedicatedLiquidPetroleumGasAppliances.DomesticFluelessSpaceHeaters(includingDiffusiveCatalyticCombustionHeaters).

BS 715:2005Specificationformetalfluepipes,fittings,terminalsandaccessoriesforgas-firedapplianceswitharatedinputnotexceeding60kW.AMD8413.

BS 799-5:1987OilBurningEquipment.SpecificationforOilStorageTanks.

BS 1181:1999Specificationforclayflueliningsandflueterminals.

BS 1251:1987Specificationforopenfireplacecomponents.

BS EN 1443:2003Chimneys.GeneralRequirements.

BS 1449-2:1983Specificationforstainlessandheat-resistingsteelplate,sheetandstrip.AMD4807,AMD6646andAMD8832.

BS EN 10268:2006Coldrolledsteelflatproductswithhighyieldstrengthforcoldforming.Technicaldeliveryconditions.

BS EN 1457:2009Chimneys.Clay/ceramicflueliners.Requirementsandtestmethods.

BS EN 1806:2006Chimneys.Clay/ceramicflueblocksforsinglewallchimneys.Requirementsandtestmethods.

BS 1846-1:1994GlossaryofTermsRelatingtoSolidFuelBurningEquipment.1994Domesticappliances.

BS EN 1856-1:2003Chimneys.Requirementsformetalchimneys.Systemchimneyproducts.

BS EN 1856-2:2004Chimneys.Requirementsformetalchimneys.Metallinersandconnectingfluepipes.

BS EN 1857:2003 + A1:2008Chimneys.Components.Concreteflueliners.

BS EN 1858:2003Chimneys.Components.Concreteflueblocks.

BS EN 1859:2009Chimneys.Metalchimneys.Testmethods.

BS 2869:2006Fueloilsforagricultural,domesticandindustrialenginesandboilers.Specification.

BS EN 1859:2000Chimney,Metalchimneys.Testmethods.

BS 2869-2:1998Fueloilsfornon-Marineuse.Specificationforfueloilforagriculturalandindustrialenginesandburners(ClassesA2,C1,C2,D,E,F,GandH).AMD6505.

BS 4543-1:1990Factory-madeinsulatedchimneys.Methodsoftest.AMD8379.

BS 4543-2:1990Factory-madeinsulatedchimneys.Specificationforchimneyswithstainlesssteelflueliningsforusewithsolidfuelfiredappliances.AMD8380.

BS 4543-3:1990Factory-madeinsulatedchimneys.Specificationforchimneyswithstainlesssteelflueliningforusewithoilfiredappliances.AMD8381.

BS 4876:1984Specificationforperformancerequirementsfordomesticfluedoilburningappliances(includingtestprocedures).

BS 5410-1:1997Codeofpracticeforoilfiring.Installationsupto44kWoutputcapacityforspaceheatingandhotwatersupplypurposes.AMD3637.

BS 5410-2:1978Codeofpracticeforoilfiring.Installationsof45kWandaboveoutputcapacityforspaceheating,hotwaterandsteamsupplyservices.

BS 5440-1:2008Installationandmaintenanceoffluesandventilationforgasappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kWnet(1st,2ndand3rdfamilygases).SpecificationforInstallationandmaintenanceofflues.

Standards referred toO N L I N E V E R S I O N



STANDARDSREFERREDTO JBS 5440-2:2000Installationandmaintenanceoffluesandventilationforgasappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kWnet(1st,2ndand3rdFamilyGases).Specificationforinstallationandmaintenanceofventilationforgasappliances.

BS 5482-1:2005Codeofpracticefordomesticbutane-andpropane-gas-burninginstallations.Installationsatpermanentdwellings,residentialparkhomesandcommercialpremises,withinstallationpipeworksizesnotexceedingDN25forsteelandDN28forcorrugatedstainlesssteelorcopper.

BS 5546:2000Specificationforinstallationofhotwatersuppliesfordomesticpurposes,usinggasfiredappliancesofratedinputnotexceeding70kW.

BS 5854:1980 (1996)Codeofpracticeforfluesandfluestructuresinbuildings.

BS 5864:2004SpecificationforInstallationinDomesticPremisesofGas-FiredDucted-AirHeatersofRatedInputNotExceeding60kW.

BS 5871-1:2005SpecificationforInstallationofGasFires,ConvectorHeaters,Fire/BackBoilersandDecorativeFuelEffectGasAppliances.GasFires,ConvectorHeatersandFire/BackBoilersandheatingstoves(1st,2ndand3rdFamilyGases).

BS 5871-2:2005

SpecificationforInstallationofGasFires,ConvectorHeaters,Fire/BackBoilersandDecorativeFuelEffectGasAppliances.InsetLiveFuelEffectGasFiresofHeatInputNotExceeding15kW(2ndand3rdFamilyGases).

BS 5871-3:2005SpecificationforInstallationofGasFires,ConvectorHeaters,Fire/BackBoilersandDecorativeFuelEffectGasAppliances.DecorativeFuelEffectGasAppliancesofHeatInputNotExceeding20kW(2ndand3rdFamilyGases).

BS 6172:2004SpecificationforInstallationofDomesticGasCookingAppliances(1st,2ndand3rdFamilyGases).

BS6173:2001SpecificationforInstallationofGasFiredCateringAppliancesforUseinAllTypesofCateringEstablishments(1st,2ndand3rdFamilyGases).

BS EN 15287-1:2007Chimneys.Design,installationandcommissioningofchimneys.Chimneysfornon-roomsealedheatingappliances.

BS 6798:2009SpecificationforInstallationofGas-FiredBoilersofRatedInputNotExceeding70kW.

BS 6999:1989 (1996)SpecificationforVitreous-EnamelledLow-Carbon-SteelFluepipes,OtherComponentsandAccessoriesforSolid-Fuel-BurningApplianceswithaMaximumRatedOutputof45kW.

BS 7435-1:1991 (1998)FibreCementFluePipes,FittingsandTerminals.SpecificationforLightqualityFibreCementFluepipes,FittingsandTerminals.

BS 7435-2:1991FibreCementFluePipes,FittingsandTerminals.Specificationsforheavyqualitycementfluepipes,fittingsandterminals.

BS 7566:InstallationofFactory-MadeChimneystoBS4543forDomesticAppliances

BS 7566-1:1992(1998)InstallationofFactory-MadeChimneystoBS4543forDomesticAppliances.MethodofSpecifyingInstallationDesignInformation.

BS 7566-2:1992(1998)InstallationofFactory-MadeChimneystoBS4543forDomesticAppliances.SpecificationforInstallationDesign.

BS 7566-4:1992(1998)InstallationofFactory-MadeChimneystoBS4543forDomesticAppliances.RecommendationsforInstallationDesignandInstallation.

BS 8303-1:1994InstallationofDomesticHeatingandCookingAppliancesBurningSolidMineralFuels,SpecificationfortheDesignofInstallations.

BS 8303-2:1994InstallationofDomesticHeatingandCookingAppliancesBurningSolidMineralFuels,SpecificationforInstallingandCommissioningonSite.

BS 8303-3:1994InstallationofDomesticHeatingandCookingAppliancesBurningSolidMineralFuels,RecommendationsforDesignandonSiteInstallation.

BS EN 10088-1:2005StainlessSteels.ListofStainlessSteels.

BS EN 13384-1:2002+ A2:2008Chimneys.Thermalandfluiddynamiccalculationmethods.Chimneysservingoneappliance.

BS EN 14213:2003Heatingfuels.Fattyacidmethylesters(FAME).Requirementsandtestmethods.

BS EN 15287-1:2007Chimneys.Design,installationandcommissioningofchimneys.

O N L I N E V E R S I O NREFERREDO N L I N E V E R S I O NREFERRED TOO N L I N E V E R S I O NTO



J

Government

ApprovedDocumentJ:2002Edition:SupplementaryGuidanceontheUKImplementationofEuropeanStandardsforChimneysandFlues,ODPM(2004).Available to download from www.planningportal.gov.uk.

TheGasSafety(InstallationsandUse)Regulations1998.

GasAppliances(Safety)Regulations1995.

Workplace,SafetyandWelfare,Workplace(Health,SafetyandWelfare)Regulations1992,ApprovedCodeofPracticeL24,HSEBooks(1992).ISBN9780717604135

Guide to Condensing Boiler Installation Assessment Procedure for Dwellings.OfficeoftheDeputyPrimeMinister(2005).ISBN9781851127849

Building Research Establishment

BR414(2001)Protectivemeasuresforhousingongascontaminatedland.ISBN9781860814600

BR211(2007)Radon:guidanceonprotectivemeasuresfornewbuildings(includingsupplementaryadviceforextensions,conversionsandrefurbishment)(2007edition).

Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers

CIBSEGuideB:Heating,Ventilating,AirConditioningandRefrigeration,(2005).ISBN9781903287583

Energy Saving Trust

GPG224Improvingairtightnessindwellings(2005).

Environment Agency

TheControlofPollution(OilStorage)(England)Regulations(2001).

PollutionPreventionGuidelinesPPG2–AboveGroundOilStorageTanks(2004).

PollutionPreventionGuidelinesPPG27-Installation,DecommissioningandRemovalofUndergroundStorageTanks(2002).

MasonryBundsforOilsStorageTanks,CIRIA/EnvironmentAgencyJointGuidelines

ConcreteBundsforOilsStorageTanks,CIRIA/EnvironmentAgencyJointGuidelines

Available to download from http://publications.environment-agency.gov.uk.

Health and Safety Executive

Safetyintheinstallationanduseofgassystemsandappliances,ApprovedCodeofPracticeandGuidanceL56,HSEBooks.ISBN9780717616350

HETAS

HETASInformationPaper1/007ChimneysinThatchedProperties(2009).

Oil Firing Technical Association (OFTEC)

OFTECOilFiredApplianceStandard.OFSA100.HeatingBoilerswithAtomisingBurners.Outputsupto70kW.MaximumOperatingPressuresof3Bar(2004).

OFTECOilFiredApplianceStandard.OFSA101.OilFiredCookerswithAtomisingorVaporisingBurnerswithorwithoutBoilers.HeatOutputsupto45kW(2004).

OFTECTechnicalBook3:Installationrequirementsforoilfiredequipment1stEdition(2006).

OFST100OilFiringEquipmentStandard–PolyethyleneOilStorageTanksforDistillateFuels(2008).

OFST200OilFiringEquipmentStandard–SteelOilStorageTanksandTankBundsforusewithDistillateFuels,LubricationOilsandWasteOils(2007).

UKLPG

CodeofPractice1BulkLPGStorageatFixedInstallationsPart1:Design,InstallationandOperationofVesselsLocatedAboveGround(January2009).

Other publications referred toO N L I N E V E R S I O N


J


AAccess

Appliances1.60Flues1.47,1.49,Diagram14

Accreditationpage7Air permeability assessment

AppendixFAir supply1.2–1.4,Diagram8

Fluelessappliances1.19Gasappliances3.10,3.15–3.16,

Diagram32Oilappliances4.3,Diagram40Solidfuelappliances2.1–2.3,Table1See alsoAirvents

Air-tight membranes1.17Air vents1.3–1.4

Equivalentarea1.12–1.14GasappliancesDiagram32Grillesandmeshes1.15Location1.11,1.16,Diagram10Noise1.16OilappliancesDiagram40Permanentlyopen1.10–1.17SolidfloorsDiagram11Solidfuelappliances2.1–2.3

Appliance compartmentsDefinition0.4GasappliancesDiagram32OilappliancesDiagram40Ventilation1.5–1.7

Approved Document JPurposepage3Typesofworkcoveredpage5

Architectural interestpage6

BBack boilers3.39,Diagram36Balanced compartments

Definition0.4Ventilation1.7

Balanced fluesDefinition0.4Flueoutlets3.23,Diagram34

BathroomsGasappliances3.5Oilappliances4.2

BedroomsGasappliances3.5Oilappliances4.2

BiofuelLiquid4.1,5.2,Table8Solid0.4,page8,Table3,TableG3

BoundariesDiagram1Definition0.4Flueoutlets1.52,3.23,Diagram34LPGstorageinstallations5.15,

Diagram43OilstorageinstallationsTable10

British Standardspage80–81BS41:1973(1998)1.32BS7153.37BS1251:1987Diagram29BS2869:19985.2BS5410-1:19971.25,5.2,5.6,

page61,AppendixE8,BS5440page55BS5440-1:20081.23,1.25,1.42,

3.22,3.37,AppendixE8BS5440-2:20093.15BS5482-1:20055.14BS5546:2000page55BS5864:2004page55BS5871:2005page55,3.22,

Diagram31BS6172:2004page55BS6173:2001page55

BS6798:20091.60,page55BS6999:1989(1996)1.32BS8131:19975.22BS8303:19942.33BSEN1443:20031.26,1.27,2.20,

4.23,AppendixG1,TableG3BSEN1457:20091.27BSEN1806:20061.29,2.17,3.30,

4.15BSEN1856-1:20031.42,1.45,1.46,

2.20,3.36,AppendixG4,AppendixG4–5

BSEN1856-2:20041.32,1.40,2.20,3.28,4.13,AppendixG4,AppendixG4–5

BSEN1857:2003(2008)1.27,2.20,3.28,4.13

BSEN1858:20032.17,3.30,4.15,4.21

BSEN13141-1:20041.12BSEN13384-1:20052.8BSEN14213:20035.2BSEN14471:20051.41BSEN15287-1:20071.42,2.33,

AppendixE8BSEN15827-1:20074.22BSEN50291:20012.35BSEN50292:20022.36

Building Control Body (BCB)Definition0.4Notificationofworkpage6

Building Regulationspage9

CCapacity

Definition0.4Carbon monoxide alarms1.1,2.33,

2.34–2.36CE markingpage7,3.19,3.42Certification

Competentpersonself-certificationschemespage6

Productcertificationschemespage7Change of appliance type1.36–1.39Change of usepage5,1.31,Diagram12Chimneys

ChecklistAppendixACondensateresistance1.26,

AppendixG9CorrosionresistanceTableG3,

AppendixG4–5,AppendixG10Definition0.4EuropeandesignationsAppendixGFireprevention2.18,Diagram21,

AppendixG11–12Gasappliances3.27,3.29–3.32

Debriscollectionspace3.38Fireprevention3.33–3.34,Table7Minimumperformance

designationsTable6Oilappliances4.9–4.12,4.14–4.22

Fireprevention4.18–4.19,Table9Minimumperformance

designationsTable8PressureclassesTableG2,

AppendixG8Solidfuelappliances2.17,2.19–2.20,

Table3Debriscollectionspace2.16Fireprevention2.18,Diagram21Minimumperformance

designationsTable3Wallthickness2.17,Diagram20

SootfireresistanceAppendixG11StructureDiagram2TemperatureclassesTableG1,

AppendixG7

See alsoFactory-mademetalchimneys;Flueblockchimneys;Flues;Masonrychimneys

Clean Air Act 1993page8Combustion appliances

Definition0.4Combustion products

Gas-tightnesstestsAppendixE8Spillageintoroom1.20–1.23,

AppendixE8Competent person self-certification

schemespage6Compliance with requirementspage3

CheckingAppendixEIndependentcertificationand

accreditationschemespage7Responsibilityforpage4,1.54Self-certificationpage6

Condensates in flues1.26Condensing appliances

Flueliners1.26,1.41Flueoutlets3.23,4.7

Conservation areaspage6Control of Pollution (Oil Storage)

(England) Regulations 20015.7–5.12

Coring ball testAppendixE9–10

DDebris collection space2.16,3.38Decorative fuel effect (DFE) fires

Diagram31,3.11–3.12Flues3.22HearthsDiagram37

Depressurisation1.20–1.23Designation system

ChimneysAppendixGDefinition0.4

Draught breakDefinition0.4

Draught diverterDiagram3Definition0.4

Draught stabiliserDiagram3Definition0.4

Dry lining around fireplace1.53Ducts

Sizemeasurement0.5,Diagram7

EEquivalent area1.12–1.14

Definition0.4European chimney designations

AppendixGEuropean Technical Approvalpage7Exemptionspage6–7

FFactory-made metal chimneys1.42–

1.46,Table3CheckingAppendixE6Definition0.4Gasappliances3.32Guarding1.45,3.32,3.35,4.20Oilappliances4.17Solidfuelappliances2.19

Fanned draughtDiagram4Definition0.4

Fire compartmentsDefinition0.4Fluespenetrating1.46,3.34,4.19

Fireplace canopiesDiagram23Fireplace gathers2.21,Diagram22,

Diagram23Fireplace linings2.31,Diagram29

IndexO N L I N E V E R S I O N



J INDEX

Fireplace openingsAppendixB,Diagram45

Dryliningaround1.53Fireprotection2.30,2.32–2.33Fluesizeaspercentageof2.7

Fireplace recessesDiagram5Definition0.4Fireprotection2.18,2.30,Diagram28Linings2.31

Fire protectionFactory-mademetalchimneys1.45,

3.35,Diagram13Fireplacesandhearths2.25–2.33,

3.40–3.41,4.25–4.27Flues3.33–3.34,4.18–4.19,Table7

Connectingfluepipes2.14–2.15,3.35,Diagram19

Flueoutlets2.12LPGstorageinstallations5.14–5.18,

Diagram43,Table11Masonrychimneys1.31,2.18,

Diagram12,Diagram21Oilstorageinstallations5.4–5.6,

Table10Fire resistance

Definition0.4Fire walls5.5,5.16–5.18

Definition0.4Flexible metal flue liners1.40,4.22Floor ventsDiagram11,1.17Flueblock chimneys1.29–1.30,2.17,

3.30–3.31,Diagram20CheckingAppendixE4–5Definition0.4Gasappliances3.30–3.31Minimumperformancedesignations

Table3Oilappliances4.15–4.16Wallthickness2.17,Diagram20

Flue boxDefinition0.4

Flue gasSpillage1.20,1.55Temperatures4.9–4.12,AppendixG7

Flueless appliancesDiagram4Airsupply1.19,3.15–3.16,Diagram8,

Diagram33Definition0.4Gasappliances3.8–3.9,3.15–3.16,

Diagram33Flue liners1.26,1.27

CheckingAppendixE7Definition0.4Flexiblemetal1.40,3.37Gasappliances3.36–3.37Minimumperformancedesignations

Table3Oilappliances4.21–4.22Re-lining1.35,1.37–1.40,2.20,

3.36–3.37,4.21–4.22Repair1.34–1.35Solidfuelappliances2.20

Flue outletsDiagram17,Diagram18Configuration1.49Definition0.4Gasappliances3.23–3.26,Diagram34,

Diagram35Nearboundaries1.52Oilappliances4.6–4.8,Diagram41Solidfuelappliances2.10–2.12Terminalsandguards3.25–3.26,4.8

FluepipesConfiguration1.49,Diagram15Connecting1.32–1.33

Gasappliances3.28Oilappliances4.13Solidfuelappliances2.13–2.15

Definition0.4Gasappliances3.20,3.28,Table6Guarding4.20

Locationandshielding2.14–2.15,4.19–4.20

Oilappliances4.4,4.13,Table8Plastic1.41Solidfuelappliances2.4,2.13–2.15Testing1.55

FluesDiagram2AccessDiagram14ChecklistAppendixAConcealed1.47,Diagram14Condensateresistance1.26,

AppendixG9Configuration1.48–1.49,Diagram15Definition0.4Gasappliances3.5

Flueoutlets3.23–3.26,Diagram34–35

Heightofflues3.21–3.22Locationandshielding3.33–3.35,

Table7Provision3.27,Table6Sizeofflues3.17–3.20,Table5

GastightnesstestsAppendixE7–8Inspectionandcleaning1.49,

AppendixE3,Diagram15Meansofaccess1.47,1.49,

Diagram14Noticeplates1.57–1.58,Diagram16Oilappliances

BurningClassDoil4.23Flueliners4.21–4.22Flueoutlets4.6–4.8,Diagram41Locationandshielding4.18–4.20,

Table9Provision4.9–4.12Sizeofflues4.4–4.5

Provision1.23Repair1.34–1.35Re-use1.36–1.39Sizemeasurement0.5,Diagram7Solidfuelappliances

Debriscollectionspace2.16Flueliners2.20Flueoutlets2.10–2.12Heightofflues2.8–2.9Locationandshielding2.14–2.15Sizeofflues2.4–2.7,Table2

Testing1.55,AppendixE3,AppendixE9–22

See alsoChimneys;Flueliners;Fluepipes

GGas appliances3.1–3.42,3.38

Airsupply3.10,3.15–3.16,Diagram32,Diagram33,AppendixC

Backboilers3.39Combustionproductspillage1.20,

1.23Flueless3.8–3.9,3.15–3.16,

Diagram33Flues3.7

Chimneyconstruction3.29–3.32Flueliners3.36–3.37Flueoutlets3.23–3.26,Diagram34Height3.21–3.22Locationandshielding4.18–4.20Provision3.27,Table6Size3.17–3.20,Table5

Hearths3.40–3.41,Diagram37,Diagram38

Regulations3.1–3.5Roofspaceinstallations1.60Shielding3.42,Diagram39Standardsapproachpage55Typesofinstallation3.6–3.16,

Diagram4,Diagram31,Diagram32Gas Safety (Installation and Use)

Regulations3.1–3.5

Gas tightness testsAppendixE7–8Gathers2.21,Diagram22,Diagram23

HHearths1.56,Diagram6

ChecklistAppendixADefinition0.4Gasappliances3.40–3.41,Diagram37Noticeplates1.57–1.58,Diagram16Oilappliances4.24–4.27Solidfuelappliances2.22–2.29,2.32–

2.33,Diagram24–27,Diagram30Heat input rate

Definition0.4Historic buildingspage5–6

IInset live fuel effect (ILFE) fires

3.13–3.14,Diagram31,Diagram37Installation instructions

Definition0.4Installers

Certificationandaccreditationpage6,page7,3.3

Gasappliances3.1–3.3Responsibilityforcompliance1.54

Instantaneous water heaters3.5,3.9

LLegislationpage8Limitation on requirementspage5Listed buildingspage6LPG cylinders

Locationandsupport5.19–5.20,Diagram44

LPG pipework5.21–5.22LPG storage installations5.13–5.21

BuildingRegulations3.5Tanklocationandprotective

measures5.14–5.18,Table11,Diagram43

MMasonry chimneys1.27–1.28,

Diagram20CheckingAppendixE4–5Fireprevention1.31,2.18,

Diagram12,Diagram21Gasappliances3.29Minimumperformancedesignations

Table3Oilappliances4.14Solidfuelappliances2.17–2.18Wallthickness2.17,Diagram20

Material change of usepage5,1.31,Diagram12

Materials and workmanshippage7Metal chimneys

SeeFactory-mademetalchimneysMinor workspage6Multi-fuel appliances2.6

NNational parkspage6Natural draught flues1.48–1.49,

Diagram4Non-combustible material

Definition0.4Non-notifiable workpage6Notice plates1.57Notification of workpage6Notified Body

Definition0.4




INDEX JOOil appliances4.1–4.29

Airsupply4.3,Diagram40,AppendixD

BurningClassDoil4.23Combustionproductspillage1.20,

1.23Fluegastemperatures4.9–4.12Flues

Chimneyconstruction4.13–4.17Flueliners4.21–4.22Flueoutlets4.6–4.8,Diagram41Locationandshielding4.18–4.20,

Table9Provision4.9–4.12,Table8Size4.4–4.5

Hearths4.24–4.27,Diagram42Shielding4.25–4.27Standardsapproachpage61

Oil storage installations5.1–5.12Fireprotection5.4–5.5,Table10Heating5.2–5.3Pollutionprevention5.7–5.12

Oil supply pipes5.6Open fireplacesDiagram29Open-flued appliancesDiagram4

Airsupply1.4–1.5,1.18,Diagram8Definition0.4Gasappliances3.17–3.22,Diagram

32,AppendixC,Naturaldraughtflues1.48–1.49,3.17–3.22

Oilappliances4.2,AppendixD

PPerformance requirements1.1Plastic fluepipes1.41Prefabricated appliance chambers

2.30,Table4Definition0.4

Product certification schemespage7Publications (excluding BSI and

European Standards)page82AboveGroundOilStorageTanks

(CLGPPG2,2004)5.7BulkLPGStorageatFixed

Installations(UKLPGCodeofPractice,2009)5.14

GoodBuildingGuide(BREGBG25)1.20

Installation,decommissioningandremovalofundergroundstoragetanks(CLGPPG27,2002)5.7

Protectivemeasuresforhousingongascontaminatedland(BR414,2001)1.17

Radon:guidanceonprotectivemeasuresfornewbuildings(BR211,2007)1.17

Safetyintheinstallationanduseofgassystemsandappliances(HSE)3.3

RRadiant convector gas fires3.13–3.14,

Diagram31Radon gas extraction1.20Rated heat input

Definition0.4Rated heat output

Definition0.4Roof space installations1.60Room-sealed appliancesDiagram4

Airsupply1.8,Diagram8Definition0.4GasappliancesDiagram32

SSelf-certification schemespage6Shower rooms3.5,4.1Smoke spillage1.55Smoke testingAppendixE11–22Solid biofuel

Definition0.4Solid floorsDiagram11Solid fuel appliances2.1–2.35

Airsupply2.1–2.3,Table1Carbonmonoxidealarms2.34–2.36Chimneywallthickness2.17,

Diagram20Combustionproductspillage1.20Debriscollectionspace2.16Fireplacegathers2.21,Diagram22,

Diagram23Fireplacelinings2.31,Diagram29Fireplacerecesses2.30,Diagram28Fireprevention2.18,2.32–2.33,

Table3,Diagram21,Diagram30Flues

Connectingfluepipes2.13–2.15Flueoutlets2.10–2.12,Diagram

17–18Heightofflues2.8–2.9Sizeofflues2.4–2.7

Hearths2.22–2.29,Diagram24–27Prefabricatedappliancechambers

2.30,Table4Spillage tests1.55Standardspage7

TTechnical specificationspage7Thatched roofs2.12ThroatDiagram29

Definition0.4

VVentilation

AirpermeabilityassessmentAppendixF

Appliancecompartments1.5–1.7Fluelessappliances1.19,3.15–3.16,

Diagram8,Diagram33Gasappliances3.15–3.16,Diagram

33,AppendixCOilappliancesAppendixDRoom1.4,1.8–1.9,1.18–1.19,

1.20–1.23See alsoAirsupply;Airvents

Ventilator free areasDiagram9

WWorkmanshippage7Workplace (Health, Safety and

Welfare) Regulations 1992page8



MAIN CHANGES IN THE2004 EDITIONSection 1

New guidance has been included for access for visual inspection of concealed flues. This should ensure that flues can be properly inspected both when an appliance is first commissioned and subsequently serviced.

Section 2

Guidance has been included in support of a new requirement J3 “Warning of release of carbon monoxide” on the provision of carbon monoxide alarms where solid fuel appliances are installed.

The provisions for flue outlet clearances relative to adjacent pitched roofs have been clarified in Diagram 17.

The guidance on the provision of hearths and wall clearances for solid fuel appliances have been made more flexible to take account of the availability of modern appliances.

Section 2, 3 & 4

The guidance for permanent ventilation openings for open flued appliances in very airtight houses (those with a design air permeability less than or equal to 5.0 m3/(h.m2)) have been increased to counteract the decrease in adventitious ventilation relative to older houses. Appendix F gives advice on assessing the air permeability of older houses in relation to this guidance.

Section 4

This section now explicitly includes liquid biofuel and blends on mineral oil and liquid biofuel within the scope of combustion installations designed to burn oil.

Section 5

The guidance on identifying where secondary containment for oil tanks is necessary has been expanded to include locations in inner protection zone as shown on the Environment Agency’s groundwater sources map.

Appendix G

This informative appendix provides and explanation of the European designation system for certain flue and chimney products.

Main changes made by the 2010 amendmentsThis 2010 edition, incorporating the further 2010 amendments reflects the changes made as a result of the Building Regulations 2010 and Building (Approved inspector etc) Regulations 2010. The changes mainly reflect regulation number changes as a result of re-ordering. There have been no amendments to the substantive requirements in Schedule 1 (i.e. Parts A to P) of the Building Regulations.Please note the simplification of the definition of ‘room for residential purposes’ in regulation 2 of the Building Regulations 2010. Please also note that L1(c) has now become regulation 40.

APPROVED DOCUMENTSThe following documents have been approved and issued by the First Secretary of State for the purpose of providing practical guidance with respect to the requirements of the Building Regulations 2010.

Approved Document A: Structure 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document B (Fire safety) – Volume 1: Dwellinghouses2006 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document B (Fire safety) – Volume 2: Buildings other than dwellinghouses 2006 edition incorporating 2007 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document C: Site preparation and resistance to contaminants and moisture 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document D: Toxic substances 1992 edition incorporating 2002 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document E: Resistance to the passage of sound 2003 edition incorporating 2004 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document F: Ventilation 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document G: Sanitation, hot water safety and water efficiency 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document H: Drainage and waste disposal 2002 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document J: Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document K: Protection from falling collision and impact 1998 edition incorporating 2000 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document L1A: Conservation of fuel and power – New dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document L1B: Conservation of fuel and power – Existing dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 and 2011 amendments

Approved Document L2A: Conservation of fuel and power – New buildings other than dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 amendments

Approved Document L2B: Conservation of fuel and power – Existing buildings other than dwellings 2010 edition incorporating further 2010 and 2011 amendments

Approved Document M: Access to and use of buildings 2004 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document N: Glazing – safety in relation to impact, opening and cleaning 1998 edition incorporating 2000 and 2010 amendments

Approved Document P: Electrical safety – Dwellings 2006 edition incorporating 2010 amendments

Approved Document to support regulation 7: Materials and workmanship 1999 edition incorporating 2010 amendments



The Building Regulations 2010

Published by NBS, part of RIBA Enterprises Ltd, and available from:

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© Crown Copyright, 2010

Reprint December 2010, with corrections

Copyright in the typographical arrangement rests with the Crown.

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