body systems revision
DESCRIPTION
Body systems revision. Year 10 sport science. Respiratory system. Allows air to travel to our lungs from body FUNCTION Supplies oxygen to all parts of the body Consists of: Pharynx Larynx Trachea Lungs. Bronchus Bronchiole Alveoli Diaphragm. Respiratory system. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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BODY SYSTEMS REVISION
Y E A R 10 S
P O R T SC I E
N C E
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM• Allows air to travel to our lungs from
body
FUNCTION• Supplies oxygen to all parts of the body
Consists of:• Pharynx• Larynx• Trachea• Lungs
• Bronchus• Bronchiole• Alveoli• Diaphragm
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEMInspiration and ExpirationInspiration• Contraction of intercostal muscles• Diaphragm contracts downwards• Increase size of thoracic cavity and lung space• Air pressure in lungs decreased
Expiration• Intercostals and diaphragm relax• Space inside lungs decreases• Air pressure in lungs increased
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM• Tidal Volume - amount of air inhaled and exhaled per
breath (600mL male)
• Minute ventilation – volume of air moved into and out of respiratory tract each minute
Minute ventilation (VE) = respiratory rate × tidal volume
At rest, minute ventilation = 12 × 0.5 L = 6.0 L/min
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SKELETAL SYSTEM• Bone structure of body
FUNCTION• Movement of body• Support
Two sections:• Axial skeleton- bones of skull, spine, thorax• Appendicular skeleton- bones of upper and lower extremities
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SKELETAL SYSTEMTYPES OF BONES• Long bones (eg. Femur)• Short bones (eg. Tarsals)• Flat bones (eg. Sternum)• Irregular bones (eg. Vertebrae)• Sesamoid bones (eg. Patella)• Sutural bones (eg. Skull)
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SKELETAL SYSTEMTYPES OF JOINTS• Gliding Joint• Ball and Socket Joint• Pivot Joint• Hinge Joint• Saddle Joint• Condyloid Joint
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MUSCULAR SYSTEMFUNCTION• Allow movement to occur
TYPES OF MUSCLES• Smooth- involuntary (eg. Stomach)• Skeletal- voluntary (eg. Quadricep)• Cardiac- involuntary (eg. Heart)
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MUSCULAR SYSTEMTypes of movement• Flexion- shortening of muscle• Extension- lengthening of
muscle• Abduction- movement away
from body• Adduction- movement towards
body
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM• Supination- outward action of
hand• Pronation- inward action of hand• Eversion- outward action of foot• Inversion- inward action of foot• Dorsi flexion- upward action of
foot• Plantar flexion- downward action
of foot
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM• Transportation of blood throughout the body• Removal of waste products
Consists of:• Heart - (ventricles, atrium, aorta, vena cava,
pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein) • Blood - (RBC, WBC, platelets, plasma)• Blood vessels - (arteries, arterioles, capillaries,
venules, veins)
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
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RIGHT ATRIUM → RIGHT VENTRICLE → PULMONARY ARTERY → LUNGS → PULMONARY VEIN → LEFT ATRIUM → LEFT VENTRICLE → LEFT VENTRICLE → AORTA → ARTERIES →
ARTERIOLES → CAPILLARIES → VENULES → VEINS → VENA CAVA