blockade histories
TRANSCRIPT
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Apache Corporation
Ms. Tiffany Clifton
OCS-G 02825 E-7
West Cameron Block 65
Offshore, LA
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 12,130 MD (11,814 TVD) Hole Size: 10-5/8
Mud Vendor: Ambar/ Lonestar Mud Wt: 17.2 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Walter Slaughter Mud Type: Water Base
Problem: After drilling to interval TD, a wiper trip was made to the shoe. Whilewashing and reaming back to bottom to condition the hole for running logs and casing,
complete returns were lost. A total of 36 bbl of water was added to the annulus before
the hole became static. An LCM pill containing F.I.T.TM
, Drill-SealTM
Medium, and
Calcium Carbonate was spotted and full circulation was established. After circulating
the water out of the annulus, washing and reaming was resumed. After reaming
another 5 feet full returns were lost again. A decision was made to pump BlockadeTM
.
Application: Upon arrival of the Drillchem engineer on location, the rig was currently
mixing 200 bbl of 17.2 ppg BlockadeTM
slurry which would allow 170 bbls of pump-
able slurry. The bit was placed 59 bbl above the casing shoe and all of the 170 bbl ofslurry was loaded into the pipe within 2 bbl of the bit. After closing the annular
preventers, began bullheading BlockadeTM
slurry at 0.5 bpm using the BJ cement
pumping unit. A total of 127.5 bbl of slurry had exited the bit before a maximum
squeeze pressure of 400 psi was achieved. The annular preventers were opened and the
remaining 42.5 bbl of slurry was circulated out at 8 bpm with no losses. The annular
preventers were again closed and an additional 3.5 bbl were pumped to achieve a final
squeeze pressure of SICP = 400 psi and SIDPP = 400 psi. Pressure was held for 8
hours to allow for dewatering.
Results: After the 8 hour wait, SIDDP = 390 psi and SICP 380 psi. The well wasopened up and observed to be static. While washing and reaming to bottom sweeps
containing 15 ppb F.I.T.TM
, 10 ppb Drill-SealTM
Medium, and 10 ppb Calcium
Carbonate were pumped. The hole was conditioned for logging, and logs and casing
were run without any further problems.
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Apache Corporation
Mr. Brian Logan/ Mr. Vic Socier
OCS-G 21685 #A-5South Timbalier Block 308
Offshore, LA
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 17,261 MD (14,890 TVD) Hole Size: 8-1/2
Mud Vendor: Ambar Lonestar Mud Wt: 16.6 #/gal
DrillChem Engineers: Mel Melder/Dale Shank Mud Type: Water Base
Problem: While drilling at 17,261, the hole began taking mud at rates of up to 33%.
The pump rate was reduced from 128 SPM to as low as 60 SPM with no sustained
improvement. Conventional LCM pills failed to stop the losses.
Recommendation: Apache requested DrillChem personnel to perform a
BLOCKADE squeeze. Pipe was pulled, the bottom hole assembly was set back, and
950 of 2 7/8 stinger on drill pipe was tripped to bottom. A BLOCKADE slurry
was spotted on bottom as a balanced plug.
Application: One hundred fourteen barrels of 16.6 #/gal BLOCKADE slurry were
built, but only 93 barrels could be pumped to the Halliburton unit due to the transfer
pump losing prime. Ninety barrels of slurry were displaced into the annulus with 3
barrels remaining inside the tubing. Fifteen stands were pulled, placing the bottom ofthe stinger at 15,867, or 516 above the liner shoe at 16,383 MD. With 61.5 bbls of
slurry in the open hole and 31.5 bbls in the liner, the hesitation squeeze sequence was
initiated. The procedure was completed in ten stages as follows:
Results: After obtaining desirable squeeze pressure, this final squeeze pressure was
held for eight hours. SICP was monitored on the rig-floor choke console gauge and
documented every fifteen minutes. Over this eight-hour period, SICP dropped from
800 psi to 593 psi as the BLOCKADE de-watered to form its terminal integrity
matrix.
Pressure was bled off slowly to zero psi. The pipe was pulled and the drilling assembly
picked up and used to wash and ream from the casing shoe to TD. The residual
BLOCKADE slurry was washed through with no problems. A schedule of 20 bbl
F.I.T. sweeps was implemented to minimize seepage losses as deeper sands were
drilled. The hole was drilled to a total depth of 20,239 with no further loss of mud.
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Apache Corporation
Mr. Brian Logan/ Mr. Vic Socier
OCS-G 21685 #A-5South Timbalier Block 308
Offshore, LA
BLOCKADE Squeeze Sequence
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Minutes
Pressu
re
(PSI)
STANDPIPE PRESSURE
CASING PRESSURE
Discontinue pump-in, hold
pressure for 8 hours
Pump-in pressure not to exceed
860 psi (Halliburton gauge), 800
psi (Rig floor gauge) BLOCKADE de-watering
process- Pressure drop from
800 psi to 593 psi
Injection and De-watering Pressure Profile vs Time
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Caskids Operating
Mr. Mike Caswell
A. Jumonville #1Laurel Ridge Field
Iberville Parish, LA
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 10,656 MD/TVD (9-5/8 shoe) Hole Size: 8 1/2
Mud Vendor: Haliburton Mud Wt: 13.3 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Gus Rodriguez Mud Type: Water Base
Problem: After setting the 9-5/8 casing, an attempt to get a shoe test failed. After thefailed shoe test the well went on vacuum and the annulus had to be filled with 80 bbls
of water before the well went static.
Recommendation: Drillchem recommended performing a Blockade squeeze on the
shoe to stop the losses and obtain a sound shoe test.
Application: A 100 bbl 13.3 ppg Blockade slurry was spotted balanced plug style at
the shoe. As soon as the Blockade slurry began to exit the bit full returns were
established. After spotting the slurry the bit was positioned 150 above the top of the
slurry and bottoms up was circulated with full returns, circulating all of the water out
of the hole. After closing the annular preventers, a hesitation squeeze was performedresulting in a final pressure of SIDPP= 2,025 psi and SICP= 2,050 psi equaling a 17.0
ppg equivalent mud weight. Pressure was held for 6 hours. After the 6 hour wait the
annular preventers were opened circulation was established with full returns.
Results: After washing to bottom and cleaning out the Blockade, the shoe was
successfully jug tested to a 16.9 ppg equivalent mud weight. The 8-1/2 interval was
successfully drilled without any further complication with the shoe.
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Denbury Onshore, LLC
Mr. Merlin Keown
S/L 18380
Terrebonne Parish, LA
BLOCKADETMand DRILL-SEALTMare trademarks of Drillchem Drilling Solutions, LLC. SWELL CM, E Z SQUEEZE
,and SYN-SEAL
are
trademarks of Turbo-Chem International, Inc.
BLOCKADECASE HISTORY
Problem Interval: 11,125-15,400 MD/TVD DrillChem Engrs: T. Leblanc/B. BroussardLast csg size: 13 5/8 Mud Vendor: Halliburton/Baroid
Last csg depth: 11,125 Mud Wt: 16.2 ppg
Hole Size: 12.25 x 14.5 Mud Type: Diesel OBM
Background: Lost circulation at 14,119 with 16.0 ppg OBM. Performed two E Z SQUEEZE
hesitation squeezes, but mud losses continued. Performed a cement hesitation squeeze. Drilled out
cement, conducted an FIT to 17.0 ppg EMW. W/R to 13,383, then re-drilled hole to 14,119. Drilled
with 16.2 ppg OBM and full returns to casing point at 15,400 where the well was logged with noproblems. Lost circulationagain while U/R 12.25 hole to 14.5 at 11,210. A third E Z SQUEEZE
hesitation squeeze was applied, lead by a SWELL CMpill, but mud losses continued. A second cement
hesitation squeeze was then performed. After drilling out cement, added 7 ppb SYN-SEALto the mudsystem while W/R with a 12.25 bit to 15,340. Lost circulationagain at 15,340. Stuck pipe with the
bit at 15,010 while attempting to POOH into casing. Backed off drill string at 14,803. Pulled open-end
drill pipe up inside the 13.625casing while filling the annulus with water to keep hole full. Applied fivehesitation squeezes and lost approximately 6,500 bbls in this interval, prior to requesting Drillchems
assistance.
Application: Operator suspected that mud losses were occurring around 13.625 casing shoe and
behind casing due to compromised cement bond, but decided to conduct a Blockade squeeze beforeproceeding with another cement squeeze. Positioned open-end drill string 200 above casing shoe.
Mixed 400 barrels of water-based BLOCKADETM slurry at 16.2 ppg in reserve pit. PumpedBLOCKADETMslurry down drill string with rig pump, bull-heading 350 bbls past the shoe, leaving 30
bbls inside casing (380 bbls net volume pumped). Maximum pressures observed were 448 psi on DP and
50 psi on casing during injection. Shut pump down and observed 0 psi SIDPP and 0 psi SICP. Drillchemrecommended filling annulus and letting pill de-water for 10 hours. Opened Hydril and filled backside
with 16 bbls of mud initially, then with 13 bbls of water over the next hour. Annulus then remained
static while monitoring well for next 10 hours.
Results: After 10 hours wait time, engaged mud pump and circulated with full returns at 3 bpm with
open-end drill string 200 above shoe . Staged pump up to 5 bpm, then 8 bpm with full returns. Mixed a50 bbl pill containing 50 ppb BLOCKADETM
and 5 ppb DRILL-SEALTM
in OBM. Spotted 40 bbls netvolume of the pill around open-end drill string. Pulled up above pill to 10,467 (658 above casing shoe).
CCM at 5 bpm, cutting mud weight from 16.2 to 16.0 ppg. Shut pump off, closed Hydril, and conducted
FIT as per operator to 295 psi CP (16.51 EMW) while pumping into annulus. Pressure bled back to 210
psi SICP (16.36 EMW) over next 10 minutes with pump off. Released pressure, opened Hydril andcirculated with full returns. POOH to pick up bit and make clean out run. W/R to TOF, made wiper trip,
CCM for casingwith full returns.
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Denbury Onnshore, LLC
Mr. Merlin Keown
S/L 18380 #1 BP1Terrebonne Parish, LA
BLOCKADETMand DRILL-SEALTMare trademarks of Drillchem Drilling Solutions, LLC. SWELL CM, E Z SQUEEZE
,and SYN-SEAL
are
trademarks of Turbo-Chem International, Inc.
BLOCKADETM
CASE HISTORY
Problem Interval: 14,641- 16,225 MD/TVD DrillChem Engrs: D. Shank/T. LeBlanc
Last Casing Size: 11 5/8 Mud Vendor: Halliburton/Baroid
Last Casing Depth: 14,641 (window) Mud Wt: 17.3 ppg
Hole Size: 10 5/8 Mud Type: Diesel OBM
Background: At 16,225, while increasing mud weight from 17.0 #/gal to 17.3 #/gal, pump pressurefell abruptly. The annulus was filled with a total of 295 barrels of water before losses stopped. Withoutattempting to spot an LCM pill, the pipe was pulled into the casing and the #3 reserve pit was cleaned in
preparation to mix a BLOCKADEslurry.
Application: Operator suspected that the losses had around the window at 14,641, but requested aminimum 250-barrel slurry to repair other potential loss zones in the wellbore. The bit was pulled to
13,735, leaving 100 barrels of volume between the bit and the window. The slurry was built andweighted to 17.3 #/gal. Rig pump was used to pump the slurry into the drill string. While pumping, a
cut valve allowed 75 barrels of slurry to flow into the active pits. Pumping was halted for approximately
four hours while 140 additional barrels of slurry were built. A total of 258 barrels of slurry weredisplaced into the hole during the initial injection, leaving163 barrels in the open hole and 95 barrels in
the casing. The first pressure increase was detected after eighty-five barrels had been pumped into the
open hole. During the initial injection, maximum pressures were recorded at 920 psi SIDPP and 700 psi
SICP. Following the first one-hour wait, the squeeze sequence was completed in 8 stages withmaximum pressures reaching 875 SIDPP, 760 psi SICP. A total of 35 bbls of slurry were injected
following the initial injection of 163 barrels.
Results: After 8 hours of dewatering, a further integrity test was made to ensure that the shoe and
formation could withstand 900 psi (18.45 #/gal EMW). This test was held for 10 minutes after which
the mud pump was engaged and the hole was circulated with full returns, ramping the pump rate up to 5bbls/min. After a complete system circulation, pumping was halted and preparations were made to
displace to water base mud.
Conclusions: Following the displacement, the casing was washed to the shoe. Bit weight at the
window suggested the presence of a BLOCKADEmatrix plug. Washing and reaming continued into the
open hole, during which time BLOCKADE residue returned over the shakers. At 14,909 a secondBLOCKADEplug was encountered and drilled, again evidenced by slurry solids over the shakers. Thesetwo separated matrix plugs would indicate that at least two zones were successfully squeezed in a single
operation. This case clearly demonstrates the necessity of providing enough slurry to seal multiple thief
zones
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Denbury Onshore, LLC
Mr. Merlin Keown
S/L 18380 #1 BP1Terrebonne Parish, LA
BLOCKADETM
CASE HISTORY
Problem Interval: 14,641- 16,235 MD/TVD DrillChem Engrs: Dale Shank
Last Casing Size: 11 5/8 Mud Vendor: Halliburton/Baroid
Last Casing Depth: 14,641 (window) Mud Wt: 17.7 ppg
Hole Size: 10 5/8 Mud Type: WBM
Background: Following previous squeeze in this interval, the hole had been cleaned out, the OBMsystem had been displaced to WBM, and 10 feet of new hole had been drilled. An underreamer had
been picked up and the 10 5/8 hole was being opened. While reaming at 14,925, the drill string
torqued severely, the well packed off, and complete returns were lost. Returns were regained andmassive amounts of large-sized shale cavings were pumped from the hole each time the underreamerwas run to or past the obstruction. Surveys indicated that the new wellbore was only five feet from the
original, that the wall separating the two holes had collapsed, and that the underreamer was tagging the
fish left in the original hole. In addition to this problem, a slow, steady influx of gas necessitatedweighting the system from 17.5 to 17.7 #/gal. It was during this weight-up that complete loss of returns
occurred.
Application: Two hundred sixty-seven barrels of 17.7 #/gal BLOCKADEslurry were spotted 20 bblsbelow the bit, leaving 80 barrels in the casing, 36 bbls in the open hole between the window and the
problem formation, and 151 bbls injected. After waiting one hour following the initial injection, thehole was tested to 480 psi SICP, the choke was opened, and excess water was circulated out of the
annulus. The choke was closed and the squeeze sequence was completed in eight stages, during which atotal of 215.5 barrels of slurry were injected.
Results: After the 5th
stage, the hole was circulated with full returns as the mud weight was increased to17.7 #/gal, after which, pressure was once again applied and held for 6 hours. Pipe was pulled to lay
down the BHA and underreamer. A bit was picked up and run in the hole. As washing proceeded
between 14,733 and 15,000, large quantities of 25 shale slabs were seen at each bottoms up. Below15,000, there was less evidence of wellbore damage. Wash-down to 16,235 continued at a cautious
pace over three days. Two short trips were made and the mud weight was increased to 17.9 #/gal prior
to pulling out of the hole to run liner. No mud losses occurred during any of these operations.
Conclusions: The collapse of formation between the sidetrack wellbore and original hole presented anunusual dimension to stopping the mud losses. It could not be determined at what depth or in which
wellbore the losses were occurring, but supervisory personnel recognized the need for a large volume ofBLOCKADEslurry to maximize coverage of one or more possible thief zones. It was this volume, in
conjunction with the amount of time the slurry remained in place following the injection sequence thatwas crucial in stopping persistent losses. The degree of wellbore strengthening following the squeeze
was clearly indicated as the hole withstood the subsequent weight-up to 17.9 #/gal and corresponding
ECD levels as high as 18.1 #/gal.
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September 13, 2002
Re: Dynamic Exploration
Graugnard #1 WellLost ciruculation remedy with Blockade LCM Squeeze
This overview outlines the progression of events following our being called to
resolve the lost circulation problems on the above-referenced well. During the course of
our involvement from September 7 13, 2002, two Drillchem engineers worked on a 24hour basis with the Dynamic Exploration drilling foremen, Ambar Lonestar mud
engineers, and Nabors rig crews. All recommendations, application procedures and
related processes were discussed among the drilling foremen (Bobby McLemore and Ken
Bryant), the Drillchem engineers (Mel Melder and Walter Slaughter), and Drillchems
office (Jim Hayes) before actually proceeding with each application.
Lost circulation was encountered while drilling a 9 7/8 hole at 11,502 feet with a14.0 ppg water based mud. Attempts were made to regain circulation with Amseal
(cellulose fiber) and calcium carbonate without success.
We received a call from Bobby McLemore at 6:15 am on September 7, 2002. Our
engineers and products arrived on location midday. A plan-of-atttack was discussed
between Mel Melder and Mr. McLemore. We recommended applying a Blockade pillnear TD and a second pill at the surface casing shoe at 4,507 feet. Permission was given
to proceed accordingly.
The bit had a plugged jet. The mud in the surface pits was thick, heavy, and in bad
need of treatment after being contaminated with CO2 gas. Before mixing the first
Blockade pill, we recommended the surface mud undergo conditioning. The surface mudwas conditioned at the direction of the Ambar/Lonestar mud engineer.
A 100 barrel Blockade pill (#1) was mixed and a net volume of 85 barrels wasspotted in the open hole at 11,003 feet (499 feet off bottom). This was done in order to
leave about 50 barrels of pill in the open hole available to be applied in a hesitation
squeeze method for a loss zone located at TD.
The drill string was then pulled out of the hole to 4,222 feet. A 100 barrel
Blockade pill (#2) was mixed in the slugging pit. While attempting to displace the #2 pilland squeeze it into the formation below the casing shoe, the pill was diluted more than
50% with whole mud from the active mud system through a leaking valve. Partial mud
returns at the flowline were noted. The Hydril was closed and pumping continued in an
effort to conduct a hesitation squeeze. Maximum shut in casing pressure achieved was200 psi with a final SICP of 20 psi. After the Hydril was opened, the mud was circulated
with partial returns.
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The drill string was then pulled out of the hole and the partially-plugged bit waschanged. The pipe was tripped back in the hole to 4,250 feet. A 75 barrel Blockade pill
(#3) was mixed and a net volume of 60 barrels was displaced to the bit. The Hydril was
closed and a hesitation procedure was followed. No shut in casing pressures were noted.
The pill was then over-displaced by 66 barrels with the pills lead at 5,562 feet and thetail at 5,204 feet.
The pipe was then tripped into hole to 11,057 feet. An 84 barrel Blockade pill(#4) was mixed and a net of 69 barrels was displaced down the drill string to the bit. The
Hydril was closed and a hesitation procedure was conducted. This procedure was halted
with 38 barrels of pill #4 left on bottom of the open hole. No shut in casing pressureswere noted.
The drill string was pulled out of the hole very slowly due to swabbing while
pulling the first 16 stands. Once out of the hole, an RTTS was run to the casing shoe and
set. The casing was tested to 1,000 psi successfully. The RTTS was then pulled out of thehole.
The drill string was then tripped in the hole open-ended to 4,468 feet where full
circulation was established. The mud was conditioned while the mud weight was reduced
from 14.0 to 13.8 ppg. The open-ended drilll string was staged in the hole about 10 standsat a time to 11,387 feet, with the mud being conditioned to 13.8 ppg at each stage. The
mud weight was then increased to 14.0 ppg due to gas cut mud.
Full circulationwas maintained throughout the staging and conditioning process,
indicating a successful seal by the Blockade pills.
The mud weight was subsequently increased to 14.2 ppg and drilling was resumed
to 11,572 with no mud losses.
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Energy XXI Corporation
Mr. Mark Magner/ Mr. Bobby Dale
SL 19515 #1 Venus ProspectCameron Parish, LA
BLOCKADE
Application Recap
Problem Depth: 11,592 MD/ 11,286 TVD Hole Size: 12 1/4
Mud Vendor: Halliburton Mud Wt: 11.45 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Tim LeBlanc Mud Type: Water Base
PROBLEM: Lost circulation after encountering a drilling break at 11,592 feet MD. A total
of 314 barrels of drill water was required to fill annulas (10.5 EMW).
APPLICATION: Mixed 110 barrels of 14.4+ ppg Blockade
TM slurry. Positioned bit at
11,476 feet MD. Displaced 100 barrels (pumpable volume) in balanced plug fashion across
suspected loss zone. Pulled bit to 4,047 feet MD (60 feet above casing shoe). Closed annual
preventer and conducted hesitation squeeze (See graph below).
RESULTS:Obtained a 14.0 ppg EMW squeeze pressure (SIDPP) and held same for 8 hours.
After 8 hours, released pressure and began cutting back mud weight to 10.5 ppg with full
returns. Circulated out water from the annulus, tripped in the hole to bottom, and drilled
ahead with full returns.
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Energy XXI Corporation
Mr. Mark Magner/ Mr. Bobby Dale
SL 19515 #1 Venus ProspectCameron Parish, LA
BLOCKADE
Application Recap
Problem Depth: 12,375 MD/ 12,167 TVD Hole Size: 8-1/2
Mud Vendor: Halliburton Mud Wt: 15.0 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: James Hayes Mud Type: Diesel OBM
PROBLEM: Lost circulation after encountering a drilling break at 12,375 feet MD. A total
of 454 barrels of mud was lost before shutting down pumps. Upon shutting down pumps, the
well flowed back 54 barrels of mud (appeared to be ballooning).
APPLICATION: Mixed 75 barrels of 15.0 ppg BlockadeTM
slurry. Positioned bit at 12,370
feet MD. Displaced 65 barrels (pumpable volume) in balanced plug fashion across suspected
loss zone. Pulled bit to 11,385 feet MD (557 feet above casing shoe). Closed annual preventer
and conducted hesitation squeeze (See graph below).
RESULTS:Obtained a 16.0 ppg EMW squeeze pressure (SIDPP) and held same for 4 hours.
After 4 hours, released pressure and made trip to change out BHA. After picking up new
BHA, washed and reamed to bottom pumping sweeps containing 15 ppb F.I.T.TM
with no
losses.
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Helix ERT
Mr. Robert Lovell/ Mr. Lary Broussard
OCS-G 01023 #E-18Ship Shoal Block 224
Offshore, LA
1
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 16,586 MD/ 14,053 TVD Hole Size: 6-1/2
Mud Vendor: Halliburton Mud Wt: 18.5 ppgDrillChem Engineer: Mel Melder Mud Type: Water Base
PROBLEM: Lost circulation after taking a gas kick. Unable to kill well due to loss ofcirculation.
APPLICATION: Mixed a 100 barrel pill with mud containing 25 ppb Blockade and 25 ppb
F.I.T. The pill was then chased with kill weight mud and bull-headed into open hole past
casing shoe. With the F.I.T./Blockade/WBM pill in place, the well was killed while
circulating with partial losses. Operator elected to follow-up with a Blockade squeeze in order
to increase formation integrity.
Mixed 110 bbls of 18.5 ppg BLOCKADE slurry. Pulled bit to 15,253 (1,333 above casing
shoe). Displaced 100 bbls (pumpable volume) of Blockade slurry into drill string, then chasedsame with mud until the Blockade slurry was within 5 bbls of the bit. Stopped pumping and
closed Hydril. Conducted hesitation squeeze (see table and graph below).
Before beginning the squeeze procedure, the slurry was allowed to set in the open hole for 60minutes. Pressures had stabilized to 285 psi SIDPP and 200 psi SICP. The squeeze sequence was
completed in ten stages as follows:
Beginning
PressureDP/CSG
Pump-inVolume
Pump-inRate (bpm)
Maximum
Pump-inPressure DP
Maximum
Pump-inPressure CSG
Waiting Period(minutes)
Bleed-off PressureDP/CSG
285/200 5 0.4 443 240 15 325/250
325/250 2 0.4 508 300 15 345/300345/300 1 0.4 556 320 40 372/310
372/310 1 0.4 566 320 15 391/320
391/320 2 0.5 663 420 15 441/400
441/400 2 0.5 737 500 15 534/490
534/490 1.5 0.5 650 300 60 95/90
95/90 2 0.5 560 120 15 196/130
196/130 1.5 0.25 715 220 15 302/240
302/240 0.75 0.25 788 280 495 371/310
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Helix ERT
Mr. Robert Lovell/ Mr. Lary Broussard
OCS-G 01023 #E-18Ship Shoal Block 224
Offshore, LA
2
Note: All EMW were calculated at the casing shoe. Notice divergence between SIDPP and SICPonce squeeze pressure exceeded 19.2 ppg EMW, indicating opening of a new fracture. Subsequent
squeeze pressure was limited to about 19.0 ppg EMW.
RESULTS: Obtained a 19.0+ ppg EMW squeeze pressure (SIDPP) and held same for 8
hours. After eight hours, washed and reamed as needed to TD. Drilled ahead with returns.
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Hunt Oil Company
OCS-G 31277 #1
West Cameron Block 99Rig: Lester Pettus
Offshore, LA
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Hole Depth: 14,120 MD (13,036 TVD) Hole Size: 6
Casing Depth: 11,890 MD (11,104 TVD) Casing Size: 7
Mud Vendor: Baroid Mud Wt: 16.5 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Walter Slaughter Mud Type: Water Base
Problem: After multiple cement squeezes a shoe test of 17.4 ppg EMW was achieved.
Drilling proceeded to 14,120 MD where the well kicked. While weighting up from
16.2 to 16.6 ppg to kill the well, full returns were lost. Four 100 bbl pills containing 40
ppb Steel Seal were mixed and pumped by the mud company without regaining
circulation. A decision was made to pump BlockadeTM
.
Application: A total of 160 bbl of 16.5 ppg BlockadeTM
slurry was mixed, giving 150
bbls of pump-able slurry. The bit was placed at 10,790 MD (40 bbl above the casing
shoe) and all of the 150 bbl of slurry was loaded into the pipe within 2 bbl of the bit.
After closing the annular preventers, began bullheading BlockadeTMslurry at 0.5 bpm
using the BJ cement pumping unit. A total of 98 bbl of slurry had exited the bit before
a maximum squeeze pressure of 650 psi was achieved. The annular preventers were
opened and the remaining 52 bbl of slurry was circulated out with no losses. The
annular preventers were again closed and an additional 3.25 bbl were pumped to
achieve a final squeeze pressure of SICP = 575 psi and SIDPP = 650 psi. Pressure was
held for 8 hours to allow for dewatering.
Results: After the 8 hour wait, SIDDP = 575 psi and SICP 650 psi. The well was
opened up and observed to be static. While washing and reaming to bottom sweepscontaining 20 ppb F.I.T.
TM were pumped. Drilling resumed and the well was
successfully drilled to TD, utilizing a maximum mud weight of 16.9 ppg.
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Hunt Oil Company
Mr. Jerry Gilley
West Cameron 289 #2Offshore, LA
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 10,030 MD Hole Size: 8-1/2Mud Vendor: Halliburton Mud Wt: 11.6 ppgDrillChem Engineer: Chuck Duke Mud Type: Water Base
PROBLEM: Operator anticipated not getting a sound shoe test after setting a 9-5/8
drilling liner.
APPLICATION: Mixed a 25 bbl pill containing 25 ppb F.I.T.TM
and 25 ppb
BlockadeTM
and spotted in the open hole and across the shoe. The bit was then pulled up
above the pill and the mud was circulated at full drill strokes for 1 hour. A dynamic shoe
test was then attempted. The test produced an equivalent mud weight of 16.6 ppg, short
of the 17.2 ppg EMW required.
Mixed 40 bbls of 11.6 ppg BlockadeTM
slurry. Spotted pill balanced plug style at the
shoe and pulled bit 150 above top of slurry to 9,363 (667 above casing shoe). Closed
Hydril and conducted hesitation squeeze.
RESULTS: Obtained a 17.2 ppg EMW squeeze pressure (SIDPP) and held same for 8
hours. After eight hours, the shoe was successfully tested to 17.2 ppg EMW.
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Hunt Petroleum Corporation
Lowe #7
Joaquin FieldShelby County, TX
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Trouble Depth: 6,791 OpenHole: 6 1/8 at 7,219
Mud Vendor: Baroid Mud Wt: 10 ppg
DrillChem Engineers: Barry Broussard Mud Type: Water Base
Problem:Lost circulation while drilling ahead at 7,219. Spotted a 60 bbl
conventional Baroid LCM pill on bottom and filled annulus with water while POOH to7 liner shoe at 5,158' to let hole heal. The decision was made to call Drillchem to
perform a Blockade squeeze.
Application:Mixed and pumped a 105 bbl 10.0 ppg Blockade slurry. The slurry was
loaded into the pipe using rig pumps and chased with mud to within 2 bbls of the bit.
With annulus full, closed hydril and lined up to monitor annular pressures on choke
console while squeezing. Bull-headed 100 bbls (net volume) of Blockade slurry,
obtaining 250 psi SIDPP and 250 psi SICP. Calculated final volumes of slurry = 2 bbls
in casing, 75 bbls in open hole, and 23 bbls injected into formation. After holding shut-
in pressure for 8 hours, SIDPP = 98 psi SICP = 50 psi. Bled pressures off slowly and
opened Hydril. Engaged mud pumps slowly and CCM with full returns. Began staging
in the hole while washing and reaming. At 7,000, circulated with full returns while
increasing F.I.T. system concentration from 2.5 to 5.0 ppb. Washed and reamed from
7,000 pumping a 5 bbl Drillchem LCM sweep every 1,000 strokes. While washing
and reaming to bottom had seepage losses. Once LCM sweep reached theft zone
seepage losses were eliminated. After washing to 7,427, pumps were staged up to
drilling rate and the decision was made to drill ahead pumping 10 bbl sweeps
consisting of 25 ppb F.I.T., 14 ppb Blockade, 5 ppb Drill-Seal (M) every 1,000 strokes.
Result:Drilled ahead while pumping 10 bbls sweeps containing 25 ppb F.I.T., 14 ppb
Blockade, 5 ppb Drill-Seal (M) with full returns throughout interval.
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Justiss Oil Company
Mr. Harold Heathcock
Odom #1Gum Cove Field
Cameron Parish, LA
BLOCKADECASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 10,930 MD Hole Size: 8 1/2
Mud Vendor: Baroid Mud Wt: 15.2 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Mel Melder Mud Type: Water Base
Problem: Lost circulation at 10,930 with 15.2 ppg mud. Pumped several BaroidLCM pills. Cut mud weight back to 14.6 ppg. Still unable to circulate.
Application: Mixed and pumped a 100 bbl Blockade slurry through the bit. As
Blockade entered the open hole, returns were evident at bell nipple. Hydril was closed
and Blockade was squeezed to 530 psi casing pressure and held for 4 hours.
Results: After squeeze was held for 4 hours, pressure was bled off and mud was
circulated with full returns. Drill pipe was then staged in hole to TD where the mud
was conditioned and weighted up to 15.0 ppg. Drilling resumed with 15.0 ppg mud
with 90 spm and 2,750 psi pump pressure. Mud weight was gradually increased to16.5 ppg as drilling was resumed to liner depth.
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Justiss Oil Company
Mr. Harold Heathcock
Odom #1Gum Cove Field
Cameron Parish, LA
BLOCKADECASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 11,668 MD Hole Size: 8 1/2
Mud Vendor: Baroid Mud Wt: 16.5 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Mel Melder Mud Type: Water Base
Problem: Lost Circulation At 11,668 (liner depth) with 16.5 ppg mud. Attempted tostop losses with several Baroid LCM pills without success.
Application: Mixed and pumped a 200 barrel Blockade slurry through the bit. When
Blockade started entering the open, mud returns were evident at bell nipple. Hydrill
was closed, and Blockade was squeezed to 100psi casing pressure and held for four
hours.
Results: After obtaining a squeeze, drill pipe was pulled out of the hole to 6,500 ft,
then staged back in the hole to TD (11,668), conditioning mud and cutting the mud
weight to 16.25 ppg with no mud loss. At 11,668 (TD) with mud well conditioned a200 barrel 18.0 ppg pill was spotted on bottom to control gas - no mud losses. Drill
pipe was then pulled out of the hole with no problems and no mud losses. Logs were
run with no problems. The 200 barrels of 18.0 ppg pill was then circulated out and the
liner was cemented in place with 17.0 ppg cement without any mud losses.
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KCS Resources
Mr. Gary Arnold
J.W. Hanson GU #6Joaquin Field
Shelby County, TX
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 4,900 5,100 MD Hole Size: 8 1/2Mud Vendor: Energy Fluids Mud Wt: 10.2 ppgDrillChem Engineer: Mel Melder Mud Type: Water Base
Problems Encountered:prior wells drilled resulted in massive mud losses in the Jittersand at + 4,900 MD and also the Gloyde sand at + 5,100 MD. These sands weredrilled with no returns (resulting in stuck pipe in some cases) and a liner was run inorder to weight up mud for higher pressures down hole.
Goal:To eliminate the cost of running a liner (+$150,000.00).
Action:Drill the Jetter & the Gloyde sands with water, while sweeping the hole withDrillchem LCM pills to assure good hole cleaning and to prevent differential stickingof the drill string. Ounce through the sands, seal off both sands with BLOCKADE and
drill to TD with 10.2 #/gal mud.
Results: Drilled through both sands with water. Lost all returns at 5,059. Regaincirculation by pumping Drillchem LCM sweeps. Drilled to 5,094 MD (with partiallosses). Build, pump & squeeze 75 barrels BLOCKADE at loss zone. Drill to TD(8.680 MD) pumping 5 barrels Drillchem LCM pills every connection with no furthermud losses. Log well, run 4.5 production liner to bottom and cement same with fullreturns.
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Louisiana Gas Development Corporation
Full Sail #1
Halletsville FieldLavaca County, TX
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 11,329 MD/TVD DrillChem Engs: Melder
Mud Vendor: Newpark Mud Wt: 14.4 ppg
Hole Size: 8 Mud Type: WBM
Background: After overcoming lost circulation at 10,335 and 10,433, partial returns were
again lost while drilling at 11,329. The annulus was filled with 100 bbls of water and a sequence
of attempts were made over a two-day period to regain circulation with spots and sweeps usingconventional LCM as well as DrillChems F.I.T and DRILL-SEAL(M). Operators personnel
were initially resistant to a proposed BLOCKADE squeeze, but after DrillChem offered a
conditional guarantee of performance, agreed to proceed with the recommendation.
Application: While the loss zone was thought to be on or near bottom, DrillChemrecommended that the squeeze be performed with a split slurry to cover any weak formations in
the upper hole interval as well as at the bottom of the hole. Two hundred total bbls of 14.4 #/galslurry were mixed. Sixty-five bbls were spotted on bottom, the pipe was pulled into the liner, and
the remaining 135 bbls were displaced to just below the bit. The squeeze was performed in the
traditional manner and completed in six stages with maximum injection pressures reaching 580
psi SIDPP and 600 psi SICP.
Results:After the 6th
stage, the injection sequence was suspended for 12 hours. During that time,pressures bled to 165 psi SIDPP and 190 psi SICP as the slurry de-watered. At the end of the 12-
hour period, the integrity of the de-watered BLOCKADEmatrix was confirmed by injecting a
further 2.5 bbls with maximum pressures of 640 psi SIDPP and 680 psi SICP.
While washing back to bottom following the squeeze operation, the bit took 50K lbs of weight
when theBLOCKADEmatrix was tagged at 10,402, in the area of previous losses, nearly 900
above bottom. The remainder of the hole was washed with no obstructions or mud loss. Thehole was logged and casing was run with no mud losses.
Conclusions: This squeeze was successful on several fronts. As expected, and in this caseguaranteed, BLOCKADEdemonstrated its superiority as a solution to persistent mud losses. In
addition, the thief zone in this case was not on bottom as suspected, but approximately half way
between the shoe and TD.DrillChems recommendation that the 200-bbl slurry be spotted as asplit pill ensured that a thief zone at any depth in the open hole could be squeezed while keeping
the shoe protected with slurry.
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LLOG Explration Company
OCS-G 31435 #1
Main Pass Block #107Offshore, LA
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 13,332 MD/ 12,700 TVD Hole Size:9.5
Mud Vendor: Newpark Mud Wt: 17.2 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Mel Melder Mud Type: Oil Base
Shoe Depth: 10,635 MD/ 10,498 TVD Casing Size:9-5/8
PROBLEM: Lost circulation while weighting up from 17.2 ppg to 17.3 ppg to kill
background gas. Well began to kick upon losing returns.
APPLICATION: After killing the well the bit was pulled up into the liner shoe in
preparation of pumping a BlockadeTM
squeeze. Mixed 174 barrels of 17.2 ppg BlockadeTM
slurry. Displaced 153 barrels (pumpable volume) of BlockadeTM
slurry into drill string, then
chased same with mud until the BlockadeTM
slurry was within 3 barrels of the bit. Stopped
pumping and closed hydril. Conducted hesitation squeeze, pumping a total of 85.75 barrels to
obtain the desired squeeze pressure of 350 psi on drill pipe. Pressure was held for 8 hours,
having to pump an additional 7.75 barrels to maintain 350 psi on drill pipe. Pressure was bled
off and circulation was established with full returns. Wash and ream to 13,320 MD and lost
returns. Spotted a 50 barrels pill containing 25 ppb F.I.T.TM
and 25 ppb BlockadeTM
on bottom
and pulled up into the liner shoe.Mixed 174 barrels of 17.0 ppg Blockade
TMslurry. Displaced 153 barrels (pumpable volume)
of BlockadeTM
slurry into drill string, then chased same with mud until the BlockadeTM
slurry
was within 6 barrels of the bit. Stopped pumping, closed hydril, and began bull heading
slurry. Prior to slurry exiting the bit, drill pipe pressure reached 2,200 psi and casing pressure
built to 440 psi, exceeding maximum allowable squeeze pressure. Pressure was bled off and
the slurry was circulated out of the hole with full returns. Wash and ream to 13,200 MD with
no losses. Mixed 87 barrels of 17.0 ppg BlockadeTM
slurry. Spotted 77 barrels (pumpable
volume) out of drill string and pulled out of hole 11 stands to 12,191 MD. Circulated on top
of pill with full returns. Wash and ream to 13,075 MD and started having seepage losses.
Mixed 87 barrels of 17.0 ppg BlockadeTM
slurry. Pull up to 12,957 MD and circulated pillout of drill string with choke closed 50%, forcing 32 barrels of slurry down hole. Pulled bit to
11,816 MD and circulated on top of slurry for 6 hours with full returns. Wash and ream to
13,200 MD and started having seepage losses. Mixed and spotted 30 barrel pill containing 25
ppb F.I.T.TM
and 25 ppb BlockadeTM
in open hole. After observing the hole to be static, a
decision was made to pull out of the hole to log the well.
Result:The hole was logged and casing run successfully.
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
ORX RESOURCESWhite Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle Field
Iberville Parish, LA
PARAMETERS:
Hole Depth: 13,540 MD/ 13,360 TVD
Open Hole Size: 6 , 680 length
Casing
11 x 10.682 Casing @: 11,140 MD
9 5/8 x 8.563 Liner @: 11,720 MD7 5/8 x 6.625 Liner @: 12,860 MD / 12,711 TVD
Drill String Tapered string, MWD, Mud Motor, 5 3 (BLOCKADE squeeze conducted with slick string)
5 x 4.276 DP: (7,969)3 x 2.7 DP: (2,852)
3 x 2.25 HW: (917)
Last Shoe Test: 17.8 #/gal EMW
Hole Deviation: 17.7Mud Type: 17.5 #/gal WBM
Mud Vendor: Halliburton
BLOCKADE SQUEEZE RECAP
A 27-bbl mud loss occurred while circulating bottoms up at 13,540 prior to tripping for a
new bit. The hole stayed full with the pumps off, but attempts to circulate failed. The bit was
pulled to the top of the 7 5/8 liner but circulation was not possible from there. The pipe wasslugged with partial returns and pulled. The last 70 feet of the BHA were balled with gumbo. A
new bit, mud motor, and MWD tool were run back in the hole. Circulation was successful at
6,746, 11,140, 11,720, and 12,190. Eighteen singles were laid down and pipe run to 12,931.
The hole was circulated with full returns while a DrillChem sweep was built consisting of 19
#/bbl F.I.T. and 7 #/bbl of BLOCKADE. Higher concentrations were not possible due to the
inability of the hopper to take more product. Washing and reaming began with no losses and
proceeded to 13,100, pumping 5-bbl sweeps each connection. At that depth, the hole broke
down resulting in the complete loss of returns. To avoid losing additional mud volume
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
attempting to spot a pill on bottom, pipe was pulled, 12,910and 11,126, but circulation was not
possible at either point. The MWD tool, mud motor, and collars were laid down and the drill
string was run back in the hole slick to 11,804, from where the BLOCKADE squeeze would beconducted.
A 92-bbl, 17.5 #/bbl BLOCKADE slurry was built and pumped using BJ mixing and
pumping units. The tail of the slurry was displaced to 5 bbls below the bit, having injected 19
barrels in excess of hole volume at that point. The initial injection was begun at 1.0 BPM. A
check-up was seen with 10.5 bbls of slurry in the open hole when the pressure increased from 640
to 730 psi in less than one minute. Pressure climbed quickly to 750 psi and the pump rate was
reduced to 0.75 BPM. The 750 psi pressure reading represented the highest pressure seen during
the injection. Once the slurry cleared the bit by five barrels, pumping was halted for two hours.
Pressure had dropped to 430 psi when pumping was stopped, and dropped to 165 psi one minute
later. A total of 21 barrels in excess of open hole volume were injected into the formation during
the initial injection. At the end of two hours, drill pipe pressure had climbed back to 306 psi. Thesqueeze sequence was begun at that point and completed in 6 stages as shown in the chart below.
Ten and one-half barrels of slurry remained in the liner. It is noted that on every stage, SIDP at
the end of the wait was greater than the pump off pressure at the beginning.
Stage #BeginningPressureDP/CSG
Pump-inVolume
Pump-inRate (bpm)
MaximumPump-in
Pressure DP
MaximumPump-inPressure
CSG
WaitingPeriod
(minutes)
Bleed-offPressure DP/CSG
1
Initial
Inject
306/0 5.0 0.5 700 40 120 235/40
2 345/50 5.0 0.35 905 40 60 245/40
3 341/50 5.0 0.25 916 50 120 275/504 381/50 5.0 0.28 985 60 60 350/60
5 378/60 5.0 0.25 893 75 480 450/75
Open Hydril after 8 hours, circulate/condition mud 5 hours, applying ECD to slurry. Performed FITwith BJ,
6 442/125 2.25 .25 422 422 10 390/390
After waiting eight hours, pressure was bled off and the Hydril was opened. The mud
system was circulated and conditioned at 65 SPM with full returns for 6 hours. BJ was lined up
and an FIT test was performed. Pressure was brought to 400 psi with one barrel of mud,
and held at 390 psi (18.1 #/gal EMW) for 10 minutes.
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
Graphic depiction of squeeze job on following page.
ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
Blockade Squeeze #1 (April 21-22, 2007)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300
Minutes
PSI
PSI Standpipe
PSI Casing
Discontinue injection. Open Hydril to circulate after 8
hours. BLOCKADE remained undisturb ed for 13.5
hours, after which FIT test was applied t o 392 psi (DP
& ANN) for 10 minutes.
Initial injection
Six stands of pipe were run in the hole to the estimated top of the BLOCKADE
slurry in the liner. The liner was cleaned out and after the second connection in the open
hole, 5-barrel sweeps of 25 #/bbl F.I.T. were pumped per joint reamed. The hole waswashed and reamed with no problems to 13,540. After circulating bottoms up, pipe was
pulled to pick up the drilling assembly (mud motor, two 4 steel collars, no MWD
tool).
Pipe was tripped back in the hole to the top of the 7 5/8 liner to break circulation.A 90-bbl LCM pill consisting of 25 #/bbl F.I.T. and vendors fiber and graphite was built. On the
second connection in open hole, 20 bbls of this sweep were pumped. Five-barrel sweeps werepumped each connection as drilling proceeded at 25-30 ft/hr.
Drilling progressed with no problems and no losses. Penetration rate was controlled at an
average of 20 ft/hr with very little weight (0 5Klbs) on bit. At 13,931 the bit was short tripped
to the top of the 7 5/8 liner, where the brake was serviced while circulating six hours. Drilling
resumed to 13,965, where five feet of very hard formation was encountered. After drilling
through this stringer, the hole began taking mud. A 10-barrel pill was pumped and as the LCM
exited the bit, losses stopped. Further drilling was attempted, but with the bit on bottom, losses
continued. An attempt to spot 30 barrels on bottom failed when a valve between the slugging pit
and active pits was left open. The LCM pill was rebuilt consisting of 10 #/bbl DRILL-SEAL
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
(M), 10 #/bbl F.I.T., 12 #/bbl Steel Seal, 6 #/bbl BaroFibre. Drilling continued to 13,969 with
losses. Thirty barrels of the pill were pumped and as the LCM was being pumped out of the bit,
four feet of hole were drilled in five minutes without losses. With the 30-bbl pill in plae,preparations were made to wet trip to the 7 5/8 shoe. As the first two stands were pulled, the
hole gave back 15 bbls. With the two stands out of the hole, bottoms up was circulated with full
returns, producing 260 maximum units of gas and mud cut to 16.6 #/gal. The gas levels rose and
fell during most of a day and mud weight at the flowline remained cut.
While circulating gas-cut mud, a 100-bbl LCM pill was built consisting of 21 #/bbl
F.I.T., 16 #/bbl DRILL-SEAL (M), 5 #/bbl BaroFibre, and 26 #/bbl Steel Seal. Since no volume
increase was seen on surface, ballooning shale was not suspected. After circulating nearly 12
hours, gas dropped 13 units and the two stands of pipe were run to bottom. Bottoms up was
circulated from 13,988 with maximum gas of 202 units and mud cut to 16.6 #/gal. When gas
again dropped to 13 units, a connection was made and a sequence of 8 bbls of sweep/27 bbls of
mud was pumped repeatedly until the first sweep was 27 bbls above the bit. At that point, the bitwas run to bottom and drilling began. The first foot or two drilled fairly quickly, but then the bit
drilled into a hard 10-foot stringer that required 18-20Klbs to cut. After drilling through the
stringer, the ROP increased to as high as 50 ft/hr and the kelly was drilled down at 14,012. A
total of nine 8-bbl sweeps were pumped and less than 20 bbls of volume were lost while drilling
the single joint down over a period of 94 minutes and 4,000 strokes. Bottoms up from 14,012
produced 114 units of gas and mud cut to 17.1 #/gal.
A second 100-bbl pill was built consisting of 12.5 #/bbl F.I.T., 6 #/bbl Steel Seal, 3 #/bbl
BaroFibre, and 3 #/bbl DRILL-SEAL (M). The same 8 bbls of sweep/27 bbls of mud pumping
procedure as before was used to drill another joint down, this time with no mud losses. Two feet
of fill were encountered as the bit was lowered to begin drilling. Bit weights of up to 20Klbs
indicated two hard stringers between 14,012 and 14,043.
The slugging pit was refilled with 100 bbls of mud and the same four components were
used to mix another sweep pill, 12.5 #/bbl F.I.T., 12.5 #/bbl DRILL-SEAL (M), 6.6 #/bbl Steel
Seal, and 5.5 #/bbl BaroFibre (M). A connection was made and 8 barrels of the sweep were
picked up, followed by 100 bbls of mud. This was repeated 3 times as the single was drilled to
14,075. No mud losses were seen and while circulating bottoms up, 65 units of gas and a mud
cut of 17.1 #/gal were recorded. Pipe was pulled wet to the top of the 7 5/8 liner where bottoms
up was once again circulated. After gas fell below 20 units, pipe was run back to bottom with no
problems, and the remaining sweep volume was pumped surface to surface to empty the slugging
pit. Maximum gas from the short trip was 250 units with mud cut to 17.1 #/gal. Once mud
weight returned to 17.5 #/gal, pipe was pulled to log.
One logging run was made with no evidence of hole problems. The mud motor was laid
down, and pipe was run back in the hole. At 8,600 the hole stopped giving back mud. Pipe was
run further to 9,550, and pumps were brought up slowly, finally yielding returns. Mud weight in
the pits was 17.7 #/gal and returns were also over a point heavy, so a full circulation was made to
trim the weight back before proceeding in the hole. Mud was circulated and conditioned at the
top of the 9 5/8 liner, the top of the 7 5/8 liner, and at the shoe. Heavy mud was seen at each of
these stages, as high as 17.9 #/gal.
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
Before entering the open hole, 90 barrels of sweep volume were built consisting of 14
#/bbl F.I.T., 10 #/bbl DRILL-SEAL (M), 5.5 #/bbl BaroFibre, and 8 #/bbl Steel Seal. Twenty-
five barrels of sweep were pumped into the drill pipe and displaced to within 25 barrels of the bit.Seven stands of pipe were then run in the hole, half way to bottom. Pumps were brought on line
slowly and the sweep was circulated up the hole into the 11 casing. A second 25-bbl pill was
pumped and again displaced to within 25 barrels of the bit. The remaining 6 stands were run to
tag bottom. One joint was laid down, and the hole was circulated surface to surface. Maximum
gas was 250 units. No losses occurred during the entire circulation. A 10-bbl sweep was pumped
and drilling began, controlled at 15-20 ft/hr.
At approximately 14,100 the mud weight was increased to 17.6 #/gal. Drilling
progressed to 14,375, the hole was circulated clean, and an 84-bbl pill was spotted in the open
hole and up into the 7 5/8 liner. Pipe was pulled in preparation to spot cement plug at shoe and
run a 7 5/8 tie-back string.
DrillChem engineer released April 30, 2007. The costs of materials, engineering, and
incidentals provided byDRILLCHEMfor ORX Resources, White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1,
are as follows:
PRODUCT/SERVICE UNIT WT UNIT PRICE DELIVERED USED COSTBLOCKADE 25# sx 70.00 700 261 18,270.00
F.I.T 25# sx 35.00 1200 1000 35,000.00
DRILL-SEAL (M) 25# sx 35.00 432 288 10,080.00
DEFOAMER 5 gal 165.00 6 2 330.00
Pallets 20.00 25 18 360.00
Shrink Wraps (double-wrap) 20.00 50 42 840.00
Engineer ea 800.00 12 9,600.00*
Per Diem ea 35.00 12 420.00*
Mileage per mile 1.50 188 282.00*
Freight 669.60*8% TAX 5,190.40
TOTAL $ 81,042.00
* Non-taxable items
DrillChem returned to the rig on May 12, thirteen days later. Tie-back operations had
been completed and the rig was in the process of drilling 947 of cement plug from 11,808 to
12,755. While washing below the plug at 12,813, the hole began taking mud. The pump rate
was reduced, but losses continued. Two more stands were run, placing the bit at 12,964.
Circulation was attempted there but failed to produce returns. The decision was made to perform
a second BLOCKADE squeeze, and pipe was immediately pulled to 11,923. The hole remained
static while waiting on BJ mixing and pumping equipment.
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
BLOCKADE SQUEEZE #2
PARAMETERS:
Hole Depth: 14,375 MD/ 14,156 TVD
Open Hole Size: 6 , 1,515 length
Casing
11 x 10.682 Casing @: 11,140 MD (behind tie-back)
9 5/8 x 8.563 Liner @: 11,720 MD (behind tie-back)7 5/8 x 6.625 Liner @: 12,860 MD / 12,711 TVD
Drill String D.P. 3.5 x 2.764HWT 3.5 x 2.25 (870)
D.C. 4.5 x 2.25 (92)
Last Shoe Test: 18.1 #/gal EMW
Hole Deviation: 17.7 (at 7 5/8 shoe)
Mud Type: 17.6 #/gal WBM
Mud Vendor: Halliburton
The BJ mixing unit and pump truck were rigged up and the first two 50-bblbatches of BLOCKADE slurry were mixed and weighted to 17.7 #/gal. Thirty barrels of
slurry were pumped into the drill string to make room in the mixing tank for the final 30
bbls of slurry to be built. The thirty barrels in the pipe were static for three hours with nosettling or other negative effects.
A safety meeting was held on the rig floor, and the slurry was pumped to within
five bbls of the bit. Very little returns were seen while pumping. The Hydril was closedand pumping continued at 2 BPM until the lead of the slurry was at the shoe. The pump
rate was reduced to 1.0 BPM until the tail of the slurry was 10 bbls out of the bit. At that
point 38 bbls of slurry in excess of hole volume had been injected into the formation.Total slurry pumped was 130 bbls of 132 built. The pump was shut down for two hours
and twenty minutes. Pump-off pressures were 372 psi DP, 230 psi CSG. After the one-
hour wait, the injection sequence resumed and was completed in four additional stages asshown in the chart and graph on the following page. As seen on each injection, as the
pump was started, pressure spiked sharply to break circulation, then fell back to much
lower levels as slurry was injected. On the third, fourth, and fifth injections, pressuresquickly climbed back to critical levels following the initial spike. Only 2.75 bbls of
slurry were injected during the final three stages.
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
Stage #BeginningPressure
DP/CSG
Pump-inVolume
Pump-inRate (bpm)
MaximumPump-in
Pressure DP
MaximumPump-inPressure
CSG
WaitingPeriod
(minutes)
Bleed-offPressure DP/CSG
1
Initial
Inject
0/0 38.0 1.0 575 250 150 362/100
2 362/100 7.0 0.5 570 275 60 275/100
3 275/100 5.0 0.5 660 350 120 295/100
4 295/100 2.0 0.3 990 550 60 490/345
5 490/345 0.75 0.3 940 575 30 590/450
6 590/450 0.25 0.3 980 625 540 425/250
ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
Iberville Parish, LABLOCKADE Squeeze Sequence #2 (May 15, 2007)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100
Minutes
PSI
PSI Standpipe
PSI Casing
Complete initial
injection, pumps
off
Final injection, pumps off to
allow de-watering for 8 hours
The well remained closed in for nine hours, during which time pressure dropped
from 780 psi to 425 psi DP and from 650 psi to 250 psi CSG as the slurry went throughthe de-watering process. Following the nine-hour wait, the Hydril was opened and seven
stands of pipe were run in the hole to 12,624, where the mud system was circulated andconditioned. Prior to running into the open hole to wash and ream through the
BLOCKADE slurry, a 90-bbl sweep pill was built consisting of 27.8 #/bbl F.I.T., 5.5
#/bbl BLOCKADE, and a nominal (1.4 #/bbl) concentration of DRILL-SEAL (M).
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
After circulating the entire system, pipe was run in the hole to 12,970 and
bottoms up was circulated prior to washing and reaming. Wash-down proceeded at avery deliberate, slow pace, as 5-barrel sweeps were pumped each joint. The bit tooksmall amounts of weight at various points through the open hole, but nothing significant
enough to define a bridge of de-watered slurry.
While washing at bit depth of 13,783, the hole suddenly took 25 bbls of volume.
A brief attempt to regain circulation was made, but failed, and the bit was pulled into the
casing. The decision was made to conduct a third BLOCKADE squeeze, this timepumping 150 barrels of slurry and leaving 10 bbls inside the casing. Instead of
performing hesitation squeezes, the slurry would be left undisturbed for 24 hours.
The BJ blending unit consisted of two 50-barrel canisters with screw mixers. Thefirst 50 barrels were mixed and weighted to 17.7 #/gal. The second batch was in the
process of being weighted up when the transmission housing cracked and hydraulic fluid
began leaking badly, putting the unit out of commission. Without the mixing unit, thefirst 50 barrels were pumped into the drill pipe and displaced to within five barrels of the
bit. No returns were seen during the displacement. The Hydril was closed and 45 bbls of
the slurry were bullheaded into the open hole, leaving 10 bbls inside the casing. Afterfour hours, pressures had risen to 265 psi DP, and 100 psi CSG.
A second mixing unit (single 50-bbl tank) arrived on location five hours later, and
mixing immediately continued. The first batch was pumped into the drillstring with the
Hydril open and with full returns. The third batch was mixed, weighted, and displaced tofive barrels above the bit. The Hydril was closed and bullheading continued until five
barrels of slurry were left in the casing. At total of 157 bbls of slurry were pumped andsomewhere between 33 and 57 barrels were injected into the formation, precise depth(s)
unknown.
The slurry was allowed to sit 12 hours undisturbed, during which time pressure on
the CSG bled to zero. The Hydril was opened and the hole was circulated as mud weight
was reduced from 17.7 #/gal to 7.5 #/gal. After 10 hours of circulating, four stands
were run to 90 above the shoe. Bottoms up was pumped, and wash-down began.
The hole was washed with full returns to 13,250, 390 below the shoe, wherereturns stopped. The drill pipe went dry and the mud column fell on the backside. Thebit was pulled to 12,266 and the annulus was filled with 7 barrels of water.
A 90-bbl pill consisting of 27.5 #/bbl F.I.T., 33 #/bbl Steel Seal, 12 #/bbl DRILL-
SEAL (M), and 27.5 #/bbl Barofibre was mixed. Pipe was run back to the point of loss at
13,250 and 60 bbls of the pill were spotted, 55 bbls in annulus, 5 in pipe. While spottingthe pill, one joint was reamed with bit weight of 8-10K between 13,257 and 13,287, a
likely indicator of de-watered BLOCKADE matrix at that depth. Approximately 20 bbls
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
of mud were lost initially, but before the pill reached the bit, the hole was circulating withfull returns. Pipe was pulled to 12,058 and the mud weight was cut from 17.5 to 17.3
#/gal.
With 17.3 #/gal around, pipe was run back to the shoe, and singles were picked up
as washing and reaming continued into the open hole. The hole was reamed with
occasional insignificant bobbles on the weight indicator, however at 13,287 bit weightagain increased back to the 8-10K range and remained there with few exceptions to
13,558, where it fell off to 2-4K. The remainder of the open hole was washed and
reamed with no problems and no mud losses to original TD at 14,375. After circulatingbottoms up, a short trip was made to 12,579. Excess pipe was laid down before running
back in the hole to bottom. During the short trip, no drag, swabbing, or other problems
were encountered.
Drilling resumed at a controlled rate of 9 ft/hr. One hundred barrels of sweep
volume were built, composed of 25 #/bbl F.I.T., 7.5 #/bbl DRILL-SEAL (M), 25 #/bbl
Steel Seal, 7.5 #/bbl Barofibre (C), and 15 #/bbl Barocarb. Ten barrels of this sweepwere pumped at the first connection below 14,375, and 5 bbls per connection below that.
Drilling proceeded to 14,444, where the bit suddenly torqued up. Bottoms up was
circulated and the bit was pulled. The trip out of the hole was problem-free. The bit wasexamined and found to be in relatively good shape, which indicated that the torque at
14,444 likely occurred as a result of formation change.
A new bit was run back in the hole. Pumps were turned on for 30 minutes at two
stands above the shoe before continuing in the hole. With the bit one joint off bottom,pumps were ramped up slowly to 30 SPM. Ninety barrels of high-concentration sweep
volume was built, consisting of 30 #/bbl F.I.T., 12 #/bbl DRILL-SEAL (M), and 6.5 #/bblBLOCKADE. Just as the pill was being finished, the hole began taking fluid. Eighty
barrels of pill were spotted on bottom with 13 bbls still in the pipe. Pipe was pulled to
12,976, where over three stands, the hole swabbed. The kelly was picked up and twentybarrels were pumped with apparently full returns to clear whatever was obstructing the
annulus. The bit was then pulled into the casing to 12,514 and the hole was circulated
for approximately 6 hours with full returns. A second heavy-concentration 90-bbl LCM
pill was built consisting of 27.7 #/bbl F.I.T., 27.7 #/bbl Steel Seal, 4.5 #/bbl DRILL-SEAL (M), and 1.4 #/bbl BLOCKADE. This pill was built on top of approximately 15
bbls of the earlier pill, and the hopper choked on the higher cumulative viscosity.
The bit was run to the shoe and circulation was broken with 250 bbls pumped.
Twenty barrels of the LCM pill were pumped into the drill string, followed by 50 bbls ofmud to place the pill 20 bbls from the bit. While chasing the pill, gas at the flowline
began to rise rapidly, preventing shut-down of the pump. Gas climbed to a maximum of
474 units, producing a mud cut of 15.7 #/gal. By the time gas fell low enough to runfurther in the hole, the pill had been pumped around. A second 20-bbl pill was pumped
into the pipe and six stands were run in the hole to 13,405. Circulation was begun at that
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ORX Resources
White Castle Lumber & Shingle #1
White Castle FieldIberville Parish, LA
Prepared by Dale Shank
point with full returns, but prior to reaching bottoms up, gas again increased rapidly andflow-out increased. The well was observed to be flowing and was put on choke. The gas
buster was plugged with barite and had to be cleaned before circulation could continue.Maximum gas reached 860 units and gas was cut to 14.9 #/gal. While some mud was lost,especially while cleaning out the gas buster, the formation did not take a large amount.
The well was opened and circulated as gas began to drop. Gas fell to the 130 range and
held for nearly an hour, then to 50 units. At that point, a steady 80-bbl gain in volumeagain made it necessary to shut the well in, this time with 375 psi on CSG.
The well stayed on choke for most of the day. At one point, as gas fell to under100 units, the Hydril was opened with the intention of running two more stands in the
hole. The well flowed at 40% with the pump off and was immediately closed. Maximum
gas seen reached 1148 units with mud cut from 17.3 to 13.5 #/gal. While on choke, back
pressure caused steady mud losses with nearly 300 bbls of volume lost as circulationcontinued. The slugging pit was kept full of sweep volume of varying concentrations of
LCM products, and 20-bbl sweeps were pumped at scheduled intervals.
Gas was brought under control and 19 singles were run in the hole to 13,960.
After circulating gas out and observing well in static condition, 5 stands were run and
tagged bottom. Without circulating, pipe was pulled slowly out of the hole with noswabbing.
DrillChem engineer was released from rig on May 23.
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Petrohawk Energy
Mr. Gary Arnold
Albritton Cattle #1Bull Bayou Field
Red River Parish, LA
BLOCKADE
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 10,287 MD (7 Casing Shoe) Hole Size: 6-1/8
Mud Vendor: Acacia Mud Wt: 13.2 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Mel Melder Mud Type: Oil Base
Problem: While drilling, took a gas kick and lost circulation. After two weeks ofattempting to cure losses with mud company LCM, a decision was made to call
Drillchem to perform a Blockade squeeze. Upon arriving on location an attempt was
being made to circulate out gas at the 7 casing shoe while losing 60 bbl per hour of
mud.
Application: The bit was positioned at 9,287 (1,000 above the 7 casing shoe) while
building a Blockade slurry. 100 barrels of 16.2 ppg water based Blockade slurry was
mixed and pumped to within 5 bbls of the bit. The annular preventers were closed and
the slurry was bullheaded with 47 bbl of 16.2 ppg oil base mud to allow tail end of
slurry to be 2 bbls below the bit, 37 bbls in casing and 63 bbls in formation (assuming
losses at shoe). Waited 1 hr and pumped a total of bbl to build SIDPP= 200 psi and
SICP= 200 psi (giving an EMW of 16.6 ppg, equaling 0.1 ppg greater than the original
shoe test). Pressure was held for 8 hrs to allow the Blockade slurry to dewater and
harden.
Results: After the 8 hour wait the well was opened and circulation was established
with full returns. After washing and reaming to bottom drilling was resumed with no
further losses were experienced to TD.
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SOUTHERN BAY ENERGYJ.F. Welder #7-SB
Odem FieldSan Patricio County, Texas
JOB RECAP
After setting 9 5/8 surface casing at 1,526, the shoe and formation were tested and drilling began inthe 8 intermediate interval. DrillChem engineer arrived on location November 20, 2006 as drilling was inprogress at approximately 5,000. With the aim of preventing lost circulation in the Massive Frio Sandsbetween 5,700 and 6,400, DrillChems proposal called for a 10-ppb system treatment of F.I.T., supplementedwith 5-barrel sweeps of 25 ppb F.I.T./25 ppb DRILL-SEAL (M) which were to be pumped once per connection,beginning at 5,700 and continuing through 7,500 or interval TD.
As recommended, shakers were dressed with 84-mesh screens and the system treatment was begun at5,500. The system mud weight at that point was 9.6 ppg. Three hundred seventy-five sacks of F.I.T. were
added to the 930-barrel system over approximately two circulations. Fifty-five barrels of sweep volume werebuilt in the slugging pit and the recommended sweep schedule was begun at 5,699.
At about 6,100, penetration rate slowed significantly to below 9 ft/hr. Drilling continued at this rate to6,124, where the decision was made to pull the PDC bit. Thirty-four barrels of sweep volume were pumpeddownhole to empty the slugging pit. The bit was badly damaged, with10 discs missing and deep circulargrooving on the face.
While running in the hole with the new bit, the hole stopped giving back displacement returns atapproximately 5,750. The remaining pipe was run to bottom at a slower running speed, but with no returns.With the bit on bottom, the pipe was rotated and reciprocated slowly prior to turning the pump on. The drillstring was filled and the hole began to circulate. Pumps were staged up to drilling speed and the hole was
circulated. A high of 840 units of gas were recorded at bottoms up and the mud weight was cut from 9.8 to 8.4ppg.
As drilling proceeded, 40 barrels of sweep volume were rebuilt in the slugging pit and the sweepschedule was continued. At 6,855, the mud was weighted up from 9.8 to 10.2 ppg. Sweep volume wasweighted up to 10.5 ppg in anticipation of further weight increase of the system. At 7,300, the mud weight wasincreased to 10.8 ppg and that density was maintained to interval TD of 7,525.
After reaching 7,525, 35 barrels of remaining sweep volume were pumped downhole and a 25-standshort trip was made with no problems out or in. The hole was circulated clean and pipe was pulled. At thatpoint, the DrillChem engineer was released. The hole was logged and 7 casing was run to 7,525 with noproblems. No mud losses were recorded while running or cementing the casing string.
The mud system was weighted up to 13.0 ppg prior to testing the 7 casing shoe and formation to 16.3ppg EMW. Following the test, the system was further weighted to 14.3 ppg EMW. While drilling at 7,652,returns were lost in the upper Vicksburg Sand. The fluid column dropped approximately 20 feet to just belowthe wear bushing. A 35-barrel spot was mixed consisting of 25 ppb F.I.T. and 25 ppb DRILL-SEAL (M).Fifteen barrels of this pill were spotted on bottom and six stands of pipe were pulled to place the bit above thetop of the pill. The hole was circulated for one-half hour, after which the Hydril was closed and a soft squeezewas applied. Numerous attempts were made to achieve and hold 200 psi on the formation, but pressure
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repeatedly fell to approximately 100 psi. The Hydril was opened and circulation was attempted, but could notbe established. The bit was run back to bottom and the remaining 19 barrels of F.I.T./DRILL-SEAL (M) pillwere spotted. The bit was again pulled into casing and the mud weight was reduced to 13.8 ppg. Forty barrelsof 16 ppb F.I.T./16 ppb BLOCKADE pill were built (the rig hopper would not take more). With the entiresystem replenished with liquid mud and the weight at 13.8 ppg, the bit was run back to bottom. A five-barrel
sweep of the F.I.T./BLOCKADE pill was pumped half-way down the pipe before resuming drilling. Withlosses averaging 8-10 bbls per joint drilled, five-barrel sweeps were pumped twice per stand to 7,794. Mudloss from 7,652 to 7,794 totaled approximately 30 barrels, although over the final two joints, no losses wereseen. Fifteen barrels of the F.I.T./BLOCKADE pill were spotted on bottom and the bit was pulled to 7,312.Another attempt was made to pressure test the formation, but the maximum pressure achieved was 340 psi,which over several attempts, bled off to 250 psi. The bit was run to 7,514, just above the shoe, where a 12-barrel pill was spotted. Again the bit was pulled above the pill and several more efforts were made to test theformation. Pressure held at 310 psi for roughly 10 minutes before bleeding back to 250 psi, or to an equivalentmud weight of 14.4 ppg.
The decision was made to perform a BLOCKADE squeeze, and the bit was pulled to 6,498. A 62-barrelMcAda mixing tank and Schlumberger pumping unit were ordered. A fifty-barrel BLOCKADE slurry was
mixed and weighted up to 13.8 #/gal. Materials used to build this slurry were 206 sacks of BLOCKADE, 150sacks of bagged barite, and one defoamer. The final volume of this slurry was 52 barrels, of which a total of 50barrels were pumped.
Forty barrels of slurry were pumped into the drill string to within 5 barrels of the bit. The Hydril wasclosed. The remaining 10 barrels were picked up and the entire 50 barrels were bullheaded downhole at 2barrels per minute pump rate. With the lead of the slurry at the shoe, the pump rate was reduced to 1 barrel perminute and pumping continued until the tail of the slurry was five barrels below the bit. Displacement of theslurry proceeded until 10 barrels had been injected into the formation, 10 barrels remained in the open hole, and30 barrels of working volume were left in the casing. The pump pressures during displacement fluctuatedbetween 600 and 800 psi and rose to the 800-850 range as the initial 10 barrels of slurry were injected into theformation. At that time the displacement was halted for one hour. Pressures fell to 484 psi with the pumps off.
After the one-hour wait, pressure on the Schlumberger gauge had risen to 535 psi. The squeeze sequencewas completed in 7 stages as follows:
BLOCKADE SQUEEZE #1 INJECTION SEQUENCE
Stage#
BeginningPressure
BarrelsInjected
InjectionRate
(BPM)
MaximumInjectionPressure
Pumps-offPressure
WaitPeriod
(Minutes)
Bleed-off
Pressure
TotalVolumeInjected
SlurryRemainingin Casing
1A 535 2.0 0.5 680 12* 28
1B 3.0 1.0 850 827 60 510 15 25
2 510 3.0 0.5 715 510 30 595 18 22
3 595 5.0 0.5 800 575 50 510 23 17
4 510 1.0 0.33 994 500 15 484 24 16
5 484 4.0 0.5 848 545 25 510 28 126 510 3.0 0.5 858 555 10 595 31 9
7 595 0.5 0.25 989 792 480 868 31.5 8.5
* Includes 10-barrel initialinjection
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PSI Standpipe
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Bbls Injected
PSI
Discontinue injection
sequence for dewatering
period of 8 hours
Initial injection, 10 barrels
Stage 1, 5 barrels
Stage 2, 3 barrels
Stage 3, 5 barrels
Southern Bay Energy
J.F. Welder #7-SB
Blockade Squeeze #1 at 7,956'
Stage 4, 1 barrel
Stage 5, 4 barrelsStage 6, 3 barrels
Stage 7, 1/2 barrel
Southern Bay Energy
J.F. Welder #7-SB
Blockade Squeeze #1 at 7,956'
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Minutes
PSI
PSI Standpipe
PSI Casing
Discontinue injection s equence
for dewatering period of 8 hours
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Bbls Injected
PSI
PSI Standpipe
PSI Casing
Discontinue injection
sequence for dewatering
period of 8 hours
Initial injection, 15 barrels
Stage 1, 11 barrels
Stage 2, 5 barrels
Stage 3, 1/2 barrel
Stop injection, wait
8 hours for
dewatering
Southern Bay Energy
J.F. Welder #7-SB
Blockad e Squeeze #2 at 7,978'
Southern Bay Energy
J.F. Welder #7-SB
Blockade Squeeze #2 at 7,978'
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Minutes
PSI
PSI Standpipe
PSI Casing
Discontinue injection sequence
for dewatering period of 8 hours
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After the 8-hour dewatering period, pressure was released from the wellbore. The bit was run to the shoe andbottoms up circulated. With 3-barrel sweeps pumped each connection, fourteen joints were washed to TD andthe hole was circulated clean. The bit was pulled back to the shoe and the hole was pressure tested with rigpumps to 15.3 ppg equivalent mud weight (430 psi) at the shoe. The bit was run back to bottom and drillingcontinued as the mud weight was increased to 14.5 ppg. Five-barrel, 25 ppb F.I.T. sweeps were pumped every
connection. At 8,190, 840 units of gas were detected. The mud weight was increased to 14.7 ppg as drillingprogressed. At 8,207 the bit torqued as a drilling break was penetrated. At that point, the hole once againbegan taking mud at a slow but steady rate. A 20-bbl, 25 ppb F.I.T. pill was spotted in the open hole and the bitwas pulled to the shoe. The hole was circulated as mud weight was reduced from 14.7ppg to 14.6 ppg. Whilecirculating, mud losses persisted at approximately 20%. Sixty barrels of 22 ppb F.I.T./22 ppb BLOCKADE pillwere built and transferred to the slugging pit. The bit was run to 7,833 and 59.5 barrels of the pill were spottedas a balanced column. Full returns were seen as the pill was being spotted. Twenty-four stands were pulled to6,319 to place the bit above the pill. An attempt was made to soft-squeeze the pill into the formation bymanual stroking the rig pump. A total of 866 strokes (45 bbls) were pumped. The highest pressure seen duringthis soft-squeeze was 270 psi, but this bled back to 90 psi after 30 minutes. A third BLOCKADE squeeze wasrequested.
Sixty-six barrels of BLOCKADE slurry were mixed and weighted to 14.6 ppg. Sixty-four barrels ofslurry were transferred to Schlumberger and spotted with an initial injection of 15 bbls into the formation. Apressure limit of 550 psi pumps-off pressure (16.0 ppb equivalent mud weight) was set. Maximum pump-inpressure recorded during the injection was 560 psi. With pumps off, pressure was 330 psi. After a one-hourwait, pressure dropped to 188 psi. The 4-stage injection sequence was conducted as follows:
BLOCKADE SQUEEZE #3 INJECTION SEQUENCE
Stage#
BeginningPressure
BarrelsInjected
InjectionRate
(BPM)
MaximumInjectionPressure
Pumps-offPressure
WaitPeriod
(Minutes)
Bleed-off
Pressure
TotalVolumeInjected
SlurryRemainingin Casing
1 188 8.0 0.5 460 360 60 490 25* 14
2 426 1.5 0.33 655 411 30 500 26.5 12.5
3 421 5.0 0.35 560 432 90 381 31.5 7.5
4 381 2.5 0.25 575 457 720 289 34 5
* Includes 17-barrel initial injection
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Southern Bay Energy
J.F. Welder #7-SB
Blockad e Squeeze #3 at 8,210'
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Bbls Injected
PSI
PSI Standpipe
PSI Casing
Discontinue injection
sequence for dewatering
period of 8 hours
Initial injection, 17 barrels Stage 1, 8 barrels
Stage 2, 1.5
barrels
Stage 3, 5
barrels
Stage 4, 2 1/2
barrels
Southern Bay Energy
J.F. Welder #7-SB
Block ade Squeeze #3 at 8,210'
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200
Minutes
PSI
PSI Standpipe
PSI Casing
Discontinue injection sequence
for dewatering period of 12
hours
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Following the 12-hour dewatering period, the Hydril remained closed and the wellbore was tested withthe Schlumberger pump unit. Pump-in of less than bbl produced a spike of 620 psi, which fell to 554 psi(16.0 ppg equivalent). Pressure remained at 554 for ten minutes, but began to fall slowly as the dewateringprocess resumed. The final pressure after one hour had dropped to 458 psi.
Pressure was bled off, the hole was circulated clean, and the bit was run to the shoe, as 21 joints of pipewere laid down for washing and reaming the open hole. Prior to entering the open hole, five pounds per barrelof F.I.T. were added to the entire system. Three-barrel sweeps were pumped each connection while wash-downwas in progress. The bit took approximately 10K# of weight on the seventh joint below the shoe. Minor dragwas also recorded at 8,066 and 8,080, but disappeared with reaming. Bottoms up from 8,000 produced 4,000units of gas with a maximum mud cut to 13.1 ppg. Once gas levels decreased, the hole began taking mud at arate of 25 bbls in 40 minutes. The pipe was slugged and pulled to the shoe. Drag was seen in several places,the most notable of which reached 50-60K# at 7,698. As before, reaming eliminated the tightness. Whilecirculating at the shoe, a further 30 barrels of volume were lost to the hole over a 3-hour period. A 40-barrel,16.5 ppg pill was built, consisting of 25 ppb F.I.T., 25 ppb BLOCKADE, and 5 ppb DRILL-SEAL (M). The bitwas run back to bottom where 25 barrels of the pill were spotted. Pipe was then pulled out of the hole to log.
Logging was completed with no problems and the bit was staged back in the hole, circulating first at5,000, then at the shoe. Bottoms up from the shoe produced 4,000 units gas (saturated gas detector) and a mudcut of 12.8 ppg. The open hole was washed and reamed to TD with gas climbing to and staying at or above4,000 units for most of one hour. The maximum mud cut was to 10.6 ppg. After gas fell back to normal levels,a 30-bbl pill of 14.6 ppg, 25 ppb F.I.T./25 ppb BLOCKADE was spotted on bottom and pipe was pulled to run5 liner.
DrillChem engineer released at 5 P.M., December 8, 2006.
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SOUTHERN BAY ENERGYJ.F. WELDER #7-SB
DRILLCHEM COST SUMMARY
The breakdown in the cost of products, engineering, freight, taxes, and incidentals incurred in theimplementation of DrillChems proactive/preventive measures, and three BLOCKADE squeezes is as follows:
PRODUCT/SERVICE/
ITEM
UNITSIZE
PRICE DELIVEREDUSED/
CHARGEDFINAL
INVENTORYTOTALCOST
F.I.T. 25# sx $ 35.00 1,600 1,347 253 $ 47,145.00
DRILL-SEAL (M) 25# sx $ 35.00 576 457 119 $ 15,995.00
BLOCKADE 25# sx $ 70.00 1,300 885 415 $ 61,950.00
DEFOAMER 5 gal $ 165.00 6 2 4 $ 330.00
PALLETS Ea $ 18.00 37 37 - $ 666.00
WRAPS Ea $ 18.00 37 37 - $ 666.00
Net Cost of Taxable Items $ 126,752.00
Taxes @ 6.25% $ 7,922.00
Subtotal $ 134,674.00
FREIGHT 1,030 $ 1,030.00
ENGINEERING @ 50% Per day $ 375.00 5 $ 1,875.00
ENGINEERING @ 100% Per day $ 750.00 10 $ 7,500.00
MILEAGE Per mile $ 1.50 1,744 $ 2,616.00
PER DIEM Per day $ 35.00 15 $ 525.00
Total Cost $ 148,220.00
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Apache Corporation
OCS-G 00133 #9
Grand Isle Block 47Offshore, LA
BLOCKADE
& F.I.T.
CASE HISTORY
Problem Depth: 15,964 MD Hole Size: 8 1/2
Mud Vendor: Miller and Associates Mud Wt: 14.6 ppg
DrillChem Engineer: Tim Leblanc Mud Type: Oil Base
Problem: Upon arrival of DrillChem engineer on rig (10/27/2006), the well was on choke
and the OBM system was in the process of being weighted up from 13.0 to 14.0 ppg. With
14.0 ppg fluid in the hole, the kick was controlled, and drilling resumed from 14,743 MD,
12,906 TVD. Sixty barrels of sweep volume were built containing 4 ppb ExCal, 8 ppb
F.I.T., 4 ppb Del Tone, and 4 ppb Del Fiber. It is noted that an attempt was made to add 4
ppb Tee Plug to the sweep, but the product was damaged, damp and unusable and F.I.T.was
substituted in its place. Thirty barrels of this sweep were pumped every second stand drilled,
and a 20-ppb concentration of calcium carbonate was maintained in the system. Drilling
progressed at 50-60 ft/hour to 14,869 MD, where the mud system was further weighted up to
14.2 ppg. No mud losses were recorded while drilling.
A 10-stand short trip was made at 15,168. Tightness was encountered while pulling out of
the hole and the wellbore had to be reamed while running back to bottom. The remaining 60
bbls of the above described sweep volume were used while drilling to 15,362, where themud weight was increased to 14.6 ppg. The yield point and low-end rheology were lowered
to reduce the ECD which had increased to 16.1 ppg EMW, approaching the shoe test of 16.3
ppg EMW. Seventy barrels of sweep volume were built containing 15 ppb F.I.T.and 5 ppb
BLOCKADE. Once the ECD had been reduced, 30 bbls of this sweep volume were pumped
every second stand. Drilling progressed with no mud losses to 15,954 MD. The hole was
swept and circulated clean and a 10-stand short trip was made. Following the short trip, ten
feet of hole were drilled and complete returns were lost.
Application: A 75-bbl pill containing 25 ppb F.I.T.and 25 ppb BLOCKADEwas spotted on
bottom and the bit was pulled into the shoe at 14,131. Preparations were made to mix and
spot BLOCKADEslurry. One hundred ten barrels of 14.6 ppg BLOCKADEslurry were builtand ninety bbls were spotted in the hole. A total of 680 bbls of mud were lost up to that
point. The BLOCKADEsqueeze sequence was performed in fourteen stages with squeeze
pressures reaching 1,240 psi DP and 1,025 psi CSG.
Result:After holding pressure for 8 hours, pressures were completely bled off and the hole
was opened up and observed to be static. Circulation was