Biomass Policies Project Consultation

Integrated policy framework for the resource efficient use of biomass in EU28

The main aim of this project is to develop integrated policies for the mobilisation of “resource efficient” indigenous biomass ‘value chains’ in order to provide evidence for the 2020 bioenergy targets (set within NREAPs) & 2030.

Please send the questionnaire by email to Hemeleers@aebiom.org before 15 June

OR join the BiomassPolicies workshop on 5 May

Programme: http://www.aebiom.org/conference/files/2014/01/BiomassPolicies-Workshop-5th-May-2015-final.pdf registration link: http://form.jotformpro.com/form/50541572221950 )

Why integrated biomass policy?• Biomass is expected to make a major contribution to future

low carbon energy in EU. • Renewable, indigenous biomass is under increased demand

pressure from energy and non energy sectors. • Policy makers thus need to consider constraints to mobilising

resources and how to balance competing priorities by different sectors.

We are therefore consulting with policy, market and industrial stakeholders to receive views and evidence to support our recommendations.

AimThis consultation aims to gather evidence to identify and prioritise:i) indigenous biomass sources ii) efficient value chains for conversion to energy & fuelsiii) key principles for integrated cross- sector EU biomass policy

The consultation is informed by the findings of the Biomass Policies project.

We request you to:iv) Select your three top priority feedstocks (slide 6)

v) Select your three top priority value chains (slide 11)

vi) Prioritise key principles and provide your views for future biomass policy (slide 12)

Our project outputs• Up-to-date, uniform resource knowledge

To help assess how much resource can be mobilised sustainably and to identify and select highest efficiency biomass value chains.

• Key policy principles To be reflected within an integrated EU biomass policy.

• Policy/ support mechanism recommendations To support cross-sector frameworks to implement selected biomass value chains.

• Modelling resultsTo show the contribution of the selected biomass value chains by 2020 (NREAP targets) and 2030.

Background information

• Outlook of spatial biomass potentials; http://www.biomasspolicies.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Outlook-of-spatial-biomass-value-chains-in-EU28.pdf

• Biomass policy landscape in EU28; http://www.biomasspolicies.eu/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Policy-Landscape-European-Union.pdf

• Guidelines and indicators for the evaluation of sustainable resource efficient biomass value chains; http://www.biomasspolicies.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Guidelines-and-indicators-for-the-evaluation-of-sustainable-resource-efficient-biomass-value-chains.pdf

Agriculture

Forestry

Wastes

Biomass crops ManurePrimary residues

Secondary residues

Grain crops SugarbeetOil crops

Woody/ ligno

Olive pits

Roundwood Primary residues Secondary residues

Question 1: Indigenous biomass sourcesWhich feedstock to prioritise?Please select based on suitability for energy & fuels and explain your choice(s)

Common sludges Animal & mixed food

Vegetal waste

The Biomass Policies project analysis focuses on the circled feedstocks due to their potential, low displacement effects and high interest from industry

SolidLiquid

Straw/ stubblesPrunning/ cuttings

Used fats & oils

Municipal waste Household waste Paper

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The biomass availability assessment in Biomass Policies has been based on the following formula:

Available biomass = Technically feasible potential - T1 - T2

Where:Available biomass: Availability under certain sustainability requirements and competing use assumptions and within a certain time period (2010, 2020 & 2030). It includes amount of biomass that is currently already going to bioenergy production.

Technically feasible: Presence of biomass now and in future (2020 & 2030)

T1: has to be left behind for soil conservation/biodiversity/erosion control

T2: conventional competitive uses (feed, bedding, fibre, materials etc.)

How to estimate biomass potentials?

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Forest biomass EU28

The “conservative” potential considers current, known harvest levels. The potential consists in this situation of fuelwood and residues. Under “mobilisation” potential, it is assumed that increased demand for roundwood in EU-28 creates increased harvesting. This provides additional harvestable roundwood and residue potential. The results are presented below, by country and total potential for EU-28. It is evident that further mobilisation of forest potentials could have a very substantial effect on EU-wide biomass potential.

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Agricultural biomass EU28

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The potential for the woody/ lingo cellulosic crop category in 2020 & 2030, is based on forecasts of land that is abandoned, released from agriculture or in fallow. This land is therefore not needed for the production of food or feed can therefore be considered as relatively free from “indirect land use effect (ILUC)"

Waste biomass EU28

Most organic waste categories that are separately collected can be converted to energy & other useful uses (compost) and in several EU countries this is already happening at large scale. Improvements remain possible. Overall largest gain is in further waste separation of the MSW and decline in land fill.

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Question 2: Value ChainsPlease select three chains based on resource efficiency and explain your choice(s)

Criteria Combustion Gasification Pyrolysis Biochemical/fermentation

Anaerobic digestion

Scales/ applications

small, medium (H- driven)

large (EL- driven

medium scale gasification + CHP

gasification and synthesis to biofuel/SNG

medium scale heat/CHP or upgrading to diesel

with ligno-cellulosic

from sugar/starch

micro (farm), medium scale (local CHP or upgrading)

Suitable feedstock

woody wastes

woody wastes

woodyherbaceouswastes

woodyherbaceous

woodyherbaceouswastes

woodyHerbaceous

sugarbeet, cereals

Manure, organic waste

Likely TRL in 2020

8-9 8-9 8 7 6-7 7 8 8

Greenhouse gas reduction

High Medium High High High High Medium High

Air quality Low (larger scale provides better control of PM emissions)

High High Low in case of low quality heating oil

High High High

Market Residential, commercial

Industryutilities

Enables smaller scale CHP

Road/ Aviation CHP: Depends on local heat demand; Diesel market

Road/ Aviation/chemicals CHP: depends on local heat demand; Biomethane: NG markets/grid injection or transport fuel

Business case Strong for small scale; CHP: strong if full year industrial demand

Strong if full year industrial demand

High investments/ subsidies required

High investments/ subsidies required

Feedstock price dependence

Cheap feedstock, relatively high investments

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Question 3:Policy priorities

The following issues have been identified within the project as key principles for future biomass policy and support frameworks (please rank them and explain how is your top priority choice relevant in your context)

• Resource efficiency in indigenous biomass supply• Costs/ prices to industry/ consumers/ government• Potential to reduce GHG• Displacement effects (land & water use, biodiversity, ecosystem services, food prices, etc.)• Energy security• Job creation• Technology development towards long-term solutions• Other (please add)

Questions:• Should indigenous biomass resources be prioritised or should biomass policy be

homogeneous with imports from other continents?• Should cascading use of biomass be steered by policy? If yes, how?• What would be an acceptable level of cost increase and who should cover it (industry,

policy, joint actions, etc.)?• Which priorities are most relevant to be integrated across the different policy fields in a

future resource efficient biomass strategy?

Current policy landscape in EU28Policy type Undifferentiated

supportSupport by technology Support by feedstock Support at value chain/ sector

Regulations

Quotas

Product standardsREACH regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals

CEN/TC183 - Waste management

CEN/TC260 - Fertilizers CEN/TC223 - Soil improversCEN/TC308 – sludgesCEN/TC 343 - Solid recovered fuelsCEN/TC 335 – EN14961 - EN15234 - Solid biofuels

EN590- Diesel EN228- Unleaded petrol EN14214 FAME CEN/TC 249 – Plastics CEN/TC 276 – Surfactants CEN/TC 411 – Bio-based prod.CEN/TC 408 - prEN16723 - Natural gas and biomethane

Targets and qualifying criteria for incentives

Renewable Energy Directive(RED)Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) Energy Taxation Directive

Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD)Eco Design Directive Fuel Quality Directive (FQD)Clean Vehicles Directive (CVD)Car CO2 emissions

Expenditure

Grants

Feed-in tariffs

Tax incentives

User charges

Research funds H2020; JTI- BBI; NER300; SPIRE

Information provision

Best practice info Roadmap for Resource Efficiency; Bioeconomy StrategyGreen Public Procurement (GPP)

EIBI; Technology Platforms (FTP, Suschem; EBTP; RHC)Promotion

Awareness raising

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www.biomasspolicies.eu