Biology 30 - Unit 2 Cells

Cells An Introduction

Animal Cell

Cells Alive – Interactive Cell http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_mod

el.htm

Plant Cell

Cells Alive – Interactive Plant Cell

http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

Similarities and Differences

Refer back to the diagram of a plant and an animal cell in your duotang.

Compare and Contrast:

Cell Info

Cells are made of:90% Water10% (includes 50% Protein, 15% CHO,

15% Nucleic Acid, 10% Lipid, 10% other)

Cell Info Continued . . .

The Elements of a Cell:

60% Hydrogen 25% Oxygen 10% Carbon 5% Nitrogen

What’s in a Gene??

GENOME SIZE: stated as the total number of base pairs the human genome = 3 billion base pairs

Each DNA Molecule contains many genes (the basic physical and functional unit of heredity).

a gene is a sequence of nucleotides bases, who carry the info required for constructing proteins, which carry the structural components of cells, tissue, and enzymes.

The Human Genome has about one hundred thousand genes.

human genes vary in length (average size = thousands of bases) humans can synthesize approx. 100 000 different

kinds of proteins THE GENETIC CODE: is a series of codons that

specify which amino acids are required to make up specific proteins.

the three billion base pairs are organized into 23 units called chromosomes (1 set of chromosomes comes from each parent - Total of 46 chromosomes)

Chromosomal DNA contains an average of 150 million bases

Cell History

Please refer to the cell history handout in your duotang.

Types of Cells Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic

EukaryoticEukaryotic are larger and more

complex have a nuclear membrane have membrane bound

organelles (where isolated biochemical reactions occur)

DNA more complex Examples: Plant and

Animal cells

Cellupedia Different Types of Cells - Eukaryotic Cells - Examples

Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic

ProkaryoticProkaryotic smaller simpler lack nuclear membrane have no membrane bound

organelles oldest known forms of life hereditary info is spread

throughout the nucleus reactions occur on the inner

membranes Example: Bacteria, Blue-green

Algae

University of Arizona - Prokaryotic Tutorial Info

Cellupedia Prokaryoti

c Images

Overview of Cell Structure

Cells vary in shape, size and function

Cell Parts:

Basic cell parts include: Cell Membrane:

phospholipid bilayer;function - to hold all contents

in place and regulate the movement of molecules in and out of the cell;

receptor sites located in the membrane control what enters

Cell Parts

Cytoplasm: nutrients are absorbed,

transported and processed;

wastes will accumulate here;

Nucleus: cell’s control centreall info is encoded in the

DNA

Video of Animal Cells http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/

bvid4a.mov

Video of Plant Cells http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/

bvid4b.mov

Review Site: http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/

unit4.htm

Cell Structure Handout:

You will create a handout that highlights the following parts of the cell.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Ribosomes, Chloroplasts, Microtubules (Microfilaments, Cytoskeleton), Mitochondria, Golgi Apparatus, Lysosome, Centriole, Vacuole, Cell Wall, etc.

Use the websites listed online to help you out Biology in the Classroom: Cells: Cell parts

http://wblrd.sk.ca/~bio2030sp/bio30/unit2/plantandanimalcells/page1.htm