biocomposting why compost? – contributes to sustainable lifestyle along with recycling – reduces...
TRANSCRIPT
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Biocomposting• Why compost?
– Contributes to sustainable lifestyle along with recycling
– Reduces landfill waste by weight• Yard waste (9%) • Food waste (15%)
– Reduces landfill waste by volume• Yard waste (8%) • Food waste (6%)
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Why Compost?
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Why Compost?
• Adds nutrients to soil – feed the soil, not the plant!
• Compost is a natural fertilizer
• Compost is primarily humus – organic soil matter which allows for easy flow of water and air to growing plants
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Yard Waste Composting
• Left to decompose naturally, leaves can take up to 2 years to break down into humus
• Outdoor composting accelerates this process – (4 to 18 months)
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Yard Waste Composting
• Many different types available – from simple mounds to 3 stage bins and everything in between!
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Yard Waste Composting
• Recipe– Layer equal parts of
green and brown waste– Pile should be kept as
moist as a wrung-out sponge
– Allow the pile to “bake” at 90 to 140 degrees
– Turn the pile to let in air – the more you turn, the faster it decomposes
Brown WasteTwigs
Dry leaves Straw
Sawdust Shredded newspaper
Green WasteGrass clippings Green leaves
Vegetable garden scraps Floral clippings
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Vermiculture
• The use of specially bred earthworms, to aerate soil and convert organic matter into compost; also called vermicomposting
• Easy winter composting• Manageable size• Very fine compost- no screening needed
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Vermiculture is….
• Composting with red worms (Eisenia foetida) for:– Fishing worms– To get rid of kitchen wastes– To create the “perfect” soil for houseplants– Saves money and the environment
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To get started you need…• Bedding for the worms
– Shredded paper– Torn up newspaper– Old bark mulch– Peat moss or hay– Dried leaves
• Sticky parts on envelopes• Water• Crushed egg shells (for calcium)• Sand or dirt (for grit)• Lime (so the soil stays “sweet”)
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You need a container…
• Wooden box • Cardboard box• Clay pots• Clean trash barrels
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• Avoid freezing temperatures• Keep moist• Feed the worms
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Feed
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Also feed
• Fruit peeling, cores• Vegetable trimmings• Rotten potatoes• Coffee grounds and tea bags• Corn cobs • House plant trimmings
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Be cautious about…
• Fats or cheeses• Too much citrus rinds• Horse bedding (may be toxic)• Meat and bones
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How do worms produce compost?
• Worms eat organic matter and pass it through their digestive systems, producing castings, or “worm poop”
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Harvesting
• To keep the bin going…
• Remove half of the bedding and replace it with fresh materials….
• The worms will follow!
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Harvesting for Worms
• When all the fresh food is gone…• Empty out the contents into a conical pile• Shine a light on the pile• The worms will migrate down• Collect the worms
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What else lives in the bin?
mite centipede
millipede
fruit flyisopod (sowbug)
springtailmold sporeswhite or pot worms
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Responsible Composting
• Do not compost invasive weed species– Seeds of certain plants such as garlic, mustard and
honeysuckle can live in the seed bank for decades
• Freeze vermicompost before using it in your yard, especially if your gardens are close to woodland areas
• Worm egg casings or cocoons can hatch and spread to new areas
• Earthworm invasion began with European settlement• Invasions continue through improper dumping of fish
bait, mulch/compost, tyre treads, road building, landscaping, any activity that moves soil
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Worms effects on the environment
• Soil in uninvaded forests has a rich humus layer called “duff” and is covered with a layer of leaf litter
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Soil Effects
Soil in uninvaded forest Soil in invaded forest