basic hindi | lesson 7 | postpositions

To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Hindi

Namastē! Lesson 7 | Basic Hindi


Lesson object

1 Interrogatives

2 Postpositions


Revision : Basic interrogatives

English Hindi

How? kaisē?

What? kyā?

How much/many? kitnā / kitnē?


Revision

English Hindi

How are you? Āp kaisē hai?

I am fine Maiṁ acchā / acchī hooṁ

Fine, and you? Thīk, aur āp?

What is your name? Āpakā nāam kyā hai?

My name is ___ Merā nāam ___ hai


Lesson object

1 Interrogatives

2 Postpositions


Today’s conversation!

When did he come? He came yesterday

Where are you from? I am from ___ who are you?

I am Claire


Today we will need to learn the interrogatives'When',

'Where' and 'Who', lets start with 'When'!


Interrogatives

When

Kab


Using interrogations - When

When did he come?


Using interrogation - When

When did he come

Kab vaha ānā


Grammar tip

Come = ānā (in the present tense) In the past however, did+ come

translates as 'āyā'


Using interrogation - When

When did he come

Kab vaha āyā


Grammar tip

In Hindi, 'tomorrow' and 'yesterday' are both translated as 'kal', and one has to figure out what

is being spoken about by the tense of speaker

He came yesterday - Vaha kal āyā He will come tomorrow - Vaha kal ā 'ēgā


Using interrogations - When

Question structureSubject | Interrogation | verb

When did he come?

Vaha kab āyā?


Conversation

He came yesterday


Conversation

When came yesterday

Vaha kal āyā


Conversation

Sentence structureSubject | Object | verb

He came yesterday

Vaha kal āyā


Let's see if you remember…


Exercise : Pick the right option

'When' translates to ___

1

Kab

2

Vaha

3

Kyā


Solution

'When' translates to ___

1

Kab

2

Vaha

3

Kyā


Recall what the other options translate as!

Hindi English

Kyā What

Vaha He / She


Next we cover the interrogations 'Where' and'Who'


Interrogatives

Where

Kahān


Grammar tip

Where' in Hindi is pronounced with a nasal sound, like 'hoom'

Here, the 'n' is not completely pronounced, much like the

English word 'angst'


Conversation

Where are you from?


Grammar tip

A preposition is a word, linking one part of a

sentence to the another (subject to object)

A preposition is called so as it comes before the link,

eg 'On the table'

In Hindi however, the link comes afterwards and is

therefore called a postposition

Example, 'On the table' becomes 'table par'


Conversation

Where are you from

Kahān haiṁ Āp sē


Conversation

Question Structure Subject | Interrogation | Postposition

|'To-be' verb

Where are you from?

Āp kahān sē haiṁ?


Postposition - From

From

Sē


Grammar tip

Postposition comes before the 'infinitive'

Postpositional Question Structure

Subject | Interrogation |Postposition | 'To-be' verb


Conversation

I am from ____


Conversation

I am from ____

Main hūn sē ____


Conversation

Postpositional Answer StructureSubject | Reply | Postposition |'To-be'

verb

I am from ____

Main ____ sē hūṁ


Grammar tip

Postpositional Answer Structure

Subject | Reply | Postposition | 'To-be' verb


Interrogatives

Who

Kaun


Use of interrogation - Who

Who are you?


Use of interrogation-Who

Who are you

Kaun haiṁ Āp


Using interrogations - Who

Basic question structure Subject | Interrogation | 'To-be' verb

Who are you?

Āp kaun haiṁ?


Answering interrogation-Who

I am Claire


Answering interrogation -Who

I am Claire

Maiṁ hooṁ Claire


Answering interrogation-Who

Basic Answer structureSubject | (object) | 'To-be' verb

I am Claire

Maiṁ Claire hooṁ


Let's see if you remember…


Exercise : Pick the right option

'I am from __' translates to ___

1

Main _ sē hūn

2

Vaha kab āyā

3

Āp kaun haiṁ


Solution

'I am from __' translates to ___

1

Main _ sē hūn

2

Vaha kab āyā

3

Āp kaun haiṁ


Recall what the other options translate as!

English Hindi

When did he come? Vaha kab āyā?

Who are you? Āp kaun haiṁ?


Basic interrogatives

English Hindi


How? kaisē?

What? kyā?

When? kab?

Where? kahān?

Who? kaun?


Lesson object

1 Interrogatives

2 Postpositions


Grammar tip

These are some of the common postpositions that we shall learn in the following lessons


Postpositions

At

Mēṁ


Postpositions

On

Pē / kō / mēṁ


Grammar tip

As a postposition, 'on' usually takes three forms 'pē' , 'kō' and 'mēṁ'


Postpositions

Of

Kā


Postpositions

In

Mēṁ


Postpositions

English Hindi

From Sē

At Mēṁ

In Mēṁ

On Pē / kō / mēṁ

Of kā


Revision : Basic interrogatives

English Hindi


How? kaisē?

What? kyā?

When? kab?

Where? kahān?

Who? kaun?


Revision : Today's conversation!

English Hindi

When did he come? Vaha kab āyā?

He came yesterday Vaha kal āyā

Where are you from? Āp kahān sē haiṁ?

I am from ___ Main ____ sē hūn

Who are you? Āp kaun haiṁ?

I am Claire Maiṁ Claire hooṁ


Culture leaf


Culture leaf - Handicrafts in India

India is synonymous to exotic arts and

handicrafts traditions.

From pottery, metal craft, woodcraft, stone works,

gems and jewellery, textiles, leatherwork to

mesmerizing paintings, hand crafted games,

traditional toys and dolls, carpets and floorings and

awe inspiring sculptures and statues - India has

perfected almost all the arts and handicrafts known

to humanity.


Culture leaf - Handicrafts in India

The handicrafts industry

operates in rural and semi

urban areas throughout the

country and has a potential

Indian and International

market with around 67000

exporters to tap the market

The value of handicrafts

produced last year were of

Rs.26,213 Crore


What's next?

In the next lesson we will learn two moreinterrogations and have a

simple conversation!


Credits

Content

Culture Alley

Culture leaf

http://www.cbseguess.com/education/india_facts/in

dian_handicraft.php

http://www.india-crafts.com/business-reports/key-

facts.htm

Image

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Handicrafts_idols.JPG


Dhan'yavād! See you at the Alley!


basic hindi | lesson 7 | postpositions

Travel

kitn kitn

main

practice games

culture leaf

grammar tip

visit www

options translate

vaha kal