Chapter One: Banking System Analysis

1.1. Overview Of The Project:

This Project Report documents a part of the whole Banking Management

System (BMS) which includes all the components of System Development Life

Cycle. The project has been analyzed and explained very neatly in the System

Analysis Phase Chapter. The Project automates a part of the whole BMS system

for Arab Bank Company (ABC) Pvt. Ltd.

The inputs and outputs and all the policies of the Banking Management System

is done keeping in mind the policies implied by the Bank called ABC whose

policies have been adapted to develop the project. The purpose of this thesis is

to go over the main points that the author’s research will review in the field of

Banking Management System. With the aim of getting motivated for the scope

of this research and the current literature on this topic, a concise introduction to

Banks & Banking Systems are given:

1.2. Introduction to Banks :

A good way to understand how banks work is to imagine starting your own

bank; the first thing you need to do is put up some of your own money Owners

Equity (OE). You won’t receive a banking license unless you have your own

capital at risk. The bulk of all money transactions today involve the transfer of

bank deposits. Depository institutions, which we normally call banks, are at

very the center of our monetary system. Thus a basic knowledge of the banking

system is essential to an understanding of how money works. Let’s assume you

raise $6 million in cash with help from other investors or your own cash. 

That will be the bank’s initial equity, the owner’s stake. Next you obtain a

charter, rent a building, furnish it with all the necessary equipment, hire and

train a staff, and open your doors for business. You’ll need to deposit some of

your initial stake at the Fed to go one step forward those funds will be used to

clear checks written by your own depositors. You’ll also need to keep enough

cash in the vault to meet the demand for withdrawals by your depositors.

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Let's assume initial expenses of $1.2 million that leaves $4.8 million, of which

you allocate $2 million to vault cash and $2.8 million to your Fed account.

1.3. Bank Capital Requirements:

A bank's capital, also known as Owner’s Equity, is the margin by which creditors

are covered if the bank's assets were liquidated.  A measure of a bank's

financial health is its Capital/Asset Ratio, which is required to be above a

prescribed minimum. In 1989 the U.S. adopted the capital requirements

established by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) in Basel,

Switzerland. The minimum capital is specified as a percentage of the risk-

weighted assets of the bank.

The following table shows the weight assigned to each type of asset.

Asset Risk WeightCash and equivalents 0Government securities 0Interbank loans 0.2Mortgage loans 0.5Ordinary loans 1.0Standby letters of credit 1.0

The Bank for International Settlements rules set requirements on two categories

of capital, Tier 1 capital and Total capital:

Tier 1 capital is the book value of its stock plus retained earnings.  Tier 2 capital

is loan-loss reserves plus subordinated debt. ** Total capital is the sum of Tier 1

and Tier 2 capital. Tier 1 capital must be at least 4% of total risk-weighted

assets.  Total capital must be at least 8% of total risk-weighted assets.

1.4. Assets and Liabilities:

When a bank creates a deposit to fund a loan, its assets and liabilities increase

equally, with no increase in Owners Equity That causes its capital ratio to drop.

Thus the capital requirement limits the total amount of credit that a bank may

issue. It is important to note that the capital requirement applies to assets while

the reserve requirement applies to liabilities. The reserve requirement imposes

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a lower limit on the amount of reserves a bank must own relative to the demand

deposits of its customers.

1.5. Bank Deposits and Reserves :

The monetary base is created by the Fed when it buys securities for its own

portfolio.  Bank deposits themselves are not base money; rather they are claims

on base money. A bank must hold reserves of base money in order to meet its

depositors' cash withdrawals and to cover the checks written against their

accounts.  Reserves comprise a bank's vault cash and what it holds on deposit

at the Fed, known as Fed funds. The Fed requires banks to maintain reserves of

at least 10% of their demand deposits, averaged over successive 14-day

periods.

1.6. The Circulation of Bank Reserves :

When a depositor writes a check against his account, his bank must surrender

that amount in reserves to the payee’s bank for the check to clear. Reserves are

constantly moving from one bank to another as checks are written and cleared.

At the end of the day, some banks will be short of reserves and others long.

Banks redistribute reserves among themselves by trading in the Fed funds

market. 

Those long on reserves will normally lend to those short the annualized interest

rate on interbank loans is known as the Fed funds rate, and varies with supply

and demand. The reserve requirement applies only to the bank's demand

deposits, not its term or savings deposits. Thus when a bank depositor converts

funds in a demand deposit into a term or savings deposit, he frees up the

reserves that were held against the demand deposit.  The bank can then use

those reserves in several ways. For example, it can hold them to back further

lending, buy interest-earning Treasury securities, or lend them to other banks in

the Fed funds market.

1.7. Accounting Needs:

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In managing your bank, you will need an accounting system to determine how

your decisions are likely to affect the bank’s profitability. The most important

account is the balance sheet this shows at any given moment, the bank’s assets

(what it owns), its liabilities (what it owes to others), and its net worth (what

belongs to the owners).  Net worth, or equity, is equal to assets minus liabilities.

Your equity should remain positive and preferably growing.  If it ever gets too

low relative to total assets, your regulator may close the bank.

1.8. Balance sheets and Earning Forecasts:

If your bank does well the balance sheet will expand with new assets and

liabilities the Owner’s Equity should also increase. Assuming you retain some of

the profits in the bank rather than pay them all out as dividends to the owners.

You started with initial equity of $6 million.  Let’s take a look at the balance

sheet after you have been in business for some time.

It is shown together with an earnings forecast for the coming year. The earnings

forecast are based on expected earning rates of the bank’s assets and the cost

of borrowed funds.  Also shown is the expected cost of operations or fixed costs,

covering rent, insurance, utilities, salaries, etc. The entries in blue are items that

you might try to modify to see how they would affect the key performance

measure, the return on equity.  Of course, you must maintain the required

minimum ratios set by the regulators.

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1.9. Leverage Requirement:

In addition to the Bank for International Settlements capital requirement, the

U.S. imposes a separate leverage requirement on banks this is based on the un-

weighted sum of all balance sheet assets.  Off-balance sheet assets such as

standby letters of credit are not counted. The minimum allowable ratio of Tier 1

capital to total assets is 3%.  Bank regulators can increase that to as much as

6% depending on the quality of a bank’s assets.  No leverage requirement is

specified for total capital.

An Example:

Assume a bank has the following assets:

Asset AmountCash and equivalents $40mGovernment securities $80mInterbank loans $100mMortgage loans $200mOrdinary loans $300mStandby letters of credit $80m

The total risk-weighted assets is 0 x $40m + 0 x $80m + 0.2 x $100m + 0.5 x

$200m + 1.0 x $300m + 1.0 x $80m = $500m. The bank must have Tier 1

capital of at least .04 x $500m = $20m and Total capital of at least .08 x $500m

= $40m.

In the example above, balance sheet assets total $720m.  Assuming the bank

must meet a 4% leverage requirement, it must hold Tier 1 assets of at least .04

x $720m = $28.8m.  Since that exceeds the $20m BIS Tier 1 capital

requirement, the leverage requirement governs.

1.10. Growth Management:

Note that your equity has grown from $6.0 million to $10.5 million due to

retained earnings.  You have acquired a substantial amount in deposits, some of

which are ordinary checking accounts that pay no interest. Others were

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borrowed at market rates.  All deposits whether or not they bear interest have

associated costs. With the additional funds available from deposits, you have

redistributed your assets to what you hope will enhance future earnings:  $5.0

million in reserves, $7.7 million in T-bills, $1.1 million in loans to other banks,

and $110 million in ordinary loans. You project net earnings for the coming year

after taxes of $1.51 million.  That would be a return on equity of 14.38% and a

return on assets of 1.21%, which is quite reasonable performance.

1.11. Meeting The New Standards:

If a bank is having difficulty meeting the Bank International System capital ratio

requirements, there are a number of ways for it to increase the ratio. If it is

publicly traded, it can issue new stock or sell more subordinated debt.  However

that may be costly if the bank is in a weak position.  Small banks generally do

not have the option of selling new stock since most are not publicly traded. If

the bank cannot increase its equity, it can reduce its assets to improve the

capital ratio however shrinking the balance sheet is not attractive because it

hurts profitability another option is to seek a merger with a stronger bank.

1.12. Updating The Requirement:

Since the Bank International System capital adequacy requirements were defined and

adopted in 1989, banking has become far more complex. The Bank International

System has been working to better assess the risks in the various assets that banks

hold while the basic methodology of limiting a bank's risk-weighted assets relative to its

capital will be retained, more categories and revised weightings are now proposed.

How soon these revisions will be universally accepted however is difficult to

predict. This is enough information about the bank and banking system so that

we go inside to our company that we are developing this project for its need and

is called ARAB BANK COMPANY.

For farther information in banks and how banking system works please refer the

following site : - (http://www. Wfhummel .cnchost.com)

1.13. Organization Profile:

ARAB BANK COMPANY (ABC) is an increasing bank and it provides fully

reliable services matching the most in the banking system at realistic cost,

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within the fixed time. The company was established in the year 1990 after the

defeat of civil services resulted from the failure of the Somali central

government. Many civil organizations emerged to give the people and provide

them financial or social services. The bank is the very view financial institutions

that have been working in Somalia for many years.

The bank simultaneously with the Transfer system has gone through many parts

of the region according to the security, social and financial situation which

prevailed in a specific point of time. This bank is the largest money transfer

company serving migrants from the Horn of Africa. Since its establishment in

1990, it has developed innovative money transfer services through the Internet

that gives a helping hand to thousands of Somalis. It is now familiar as the most

highly regarded reliable and efficient money transfer system in Africa especially

in Somalia. As well the money transfer system, ABC established an effective

bank system which provides the public with the most important bank services

and is online system. Money Business entity, organizations, government

agencies and individuals trust ABC bank and keep their cash in its Bank. From

here you can get that this company has more advantages to this developing

countries especially those in Horn-Africa and all customers will satisfy.

1.14. Project Profile

Like most of the colleges in the world Universities, Benadir University Faculty of

Computer Science requires Graduation project for Computer Science

department students to be recognized as a graduate of Benadir University. The

students are required to implement a real world project which provides a

solution for existing problems in local institutions. This project (Banking

Management System) was assigned to Abdurrahman Mohamed Abdi & Hussein

Abdullahi Daud to provide a better solution for ABC Company which currently

uses a manual system with more limitations.

So that they need improvement to a new system that is computerized to

become suite for the current technology and to provide solution to their

customers need sufficiently Without loss of time and getting boring. The project

must fulfill the requirement specifications of the company according to their

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data follow of the bank and must be compatible with the growing data of this

company to solve the limitations to provide real solution. So this project will

solve part of the Banking Management System for the reason that Banking

System needs never end on the other hand it needs more budget and time to

fulfill all sides of Banking System.

This project will be able to fulfill Depositing System so any depositor will be

registered, after that he will be given Serial Number that will be identified to his

own account. On the other hand the project will be able to Withdrawal money

but after checking that if this money in the account or not, the project can print

balance sheet of the customer at the end of the month.

1.15. Project Objectives

The main objective of this project is to provide a solution for ABC Company a

better solution than the one they currently use. In the following sections I will

skim the current system with its limitations and the proposed system with its

benefits over the existing one.

WHY DOES ARAB BANK COMPANY NEED AN IMPROVEMENT FOR A NEW

SYSTEM?

There are several reasons that force this organization to a new system and they

are listed below:

The existing system takes more time for one task so that it is time loosing.

The current system has no security so the company’s data is in risk.

The employees get confused when the customers request there own

balances because it is written in books and needs more time to give

ground total.

It is not compatible with the growing data of the bank’s customers.

Data of the company have no back-up.

The current system has performance problems.

The current system can’t know black listed customers.

The current system does not use transaction processing mechanisms.

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Time customization is very important because competitors are winning greater

market shares due to the implementation of computerized Banking systems that

allow them to do multiple tasks at a time. So that according to these limitations

and also needs on the other hand ABC Bank needs a computerized system to

provide their customers need suite, sufficient and without loosing time.

1.16. Existing System with Limitations

The current system of ABC Bank is implemented manually by the employee of

the Bank. Here you can understand that Banking System needs to take more

actions like registering a new customer for depositing or withdrawal money,

broadcasting income statement at the end of the month so as to inform the

depositors that this bank’s asset is liquid or not, and preparing balance sheets.

So that, in manual system there is more limitations to perform these actions and

to satisfy the customers need.

1.16.1. Problem Definition:

In related to these needs from the community ABC Company has these

limitations and they are as follows:

1. The employees get confused when the customers request there balances.

2. The owners of the company don’t know the income at the end of the

month.

3. The data of the company can’t be analyzed because it’s written in books.

4. The system can’t perform a quick search.

5. The customers increase so that the employees are very tired for doing

bank activities like registrations only.

6. The current system has performance problems.

7. The current system has no security.

8. The current system depends on Bank Building because it is not on-line.

9. The current system can’t know black listed customers.

10. This system is loosing more time to do one task like registering a new

customer or preparing balance sheet statement to a customer.

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From here you understand that this company has all these limitations and needs

improvement to a new system that is computerized to fulfill all tasks of banking

system without getting tired and confused.

1.17. The New Proposed System

The new system allows multiple transactions at a time and enables time

customization. Also this system will be implemented using Microsoft Visual Basic

& Microsoft SQL Server 2000 so that this system takes the advantages of the

Visual Basic features. This new system will solve all limitations listed in problem

definition section and it also has new features and they are:

1.17.1. Features of the New System:

1. Visual Basic 6.0 is the front end of this system.

2. Microsoft SQL Server Database will become our data store.

3. Reports will be developed using Seagate Crystal Report 8.0.

4. Customers will get satisfied for the quick response of their requests.

5. Quick search is the most important in this system.

6. Different privileges will be given to the workers.

7. Back-up of data will be prepared to avoid the risk if data loosed.

8. The system provides a Graphical User Interface.

9. Owners of the company get income report every time they request.

10. Employees get pleasure for this new system.

11. The system has menus and easy options to navigation buttons.

12. The system is updatable any time.

13. Data can be analyzed easily through reports.

14. The system provides a convenient way to the staff for doing their duties.

15. The system able to preview the reports from the 1st month to the last

month.

1.17.2. Solution strategies:

To solve these problems and limitations of the current system and to satisfy the

customers need we decided to develop and build this proposed new system

which is applicable or feasible to the Banking Management System because this

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system has many advantages and is reliable to the growing data of the

customers.

System Hard-Ware Specifications:

If

we get these three personal computers and this printer we are sure that this

new system is able and can solve the problems and limitations properly and

work effectively because we are using heavy applications that need more

memory like VB 6.0 & SQL SERVER 2000.

1.18. Feasibility Study in This Project:

Feasibility study is the process used for identifying if the problem can be solved

or not solved, determining objectives, and assessing the range of cost and

benefits associated with several alternatives for solving a problem. Feasibility

studies are important firstly to assess the feasibility of an application. All

projects are feasible given unlimited resources and infinite time. But the

development of software is plagued by the scarcity of resources and difficult

delivery rates. It is both necessary and prudent to evaluate the feasibility of a

project at the earliest possible time. Three key considerations are involved in

the feasibility analysis:

1.18.1. Technical Feasibility:-

Technical feasibility refers to the ability of the process to do all tasks that this

Banking Management System needs in order to fulfill the criteria. Technical

feasibility centers on the existing computer system (hardware, software, etc.)

and to what extent it can support the proposed addition. If the budget of the

proposed system is a serious constraint, then the project is judged not feasible.

The organization for which we are developing the system has the necessary

technology (i.e. in terms of hardware and software) to run the system and the

Computer & Printer

Type Processor RAM Hard Disk

Capacity

QTY

Pentium 4 Intel 3.0 GHZ 512 MB 40 GB 3

HP DeskJet 3744 --------------- -------- ------- 1

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proposed equipment has the technical capacity to hold the data required to use

the new system.

The organization has different clients at different locations, which performs

different activities. This system is useful in establishing connection with

different clients and data transferring between clients and main server in the

future. The system will provide reliable and consistent data transfer. It also

provides security for data, which is transferring if necessary. The system will

avoid the interaction and corruption of data by the hackers by implementing the

best alternative of data security.

1.18.2. Economical Feasibility:-

This procedure is to determine the benefits and savings that are expected from

a candidate system and compare them with costs. If benefits outweigh costs,

then the decision is made to design and implement the system. Otherwise,

further justification or alterations in proposed system will have to be made if it is

to have a chance of being approved. This is an ongoing effort that improves in

accuracy at each phase of the system development life cycle.

The system developed and installed would be financially feasible when it is good

investment for the organization. The developed system cost would be

reasonable for the organization. The hardware and software required for running

the system are reasonable for the organization. Overall the system being

developed would be Feasible. Here we want to develop a computerized system

so it needs:

1. Developers

2. Trainers

3. Operational Costs

This table below show above data in a customized way.

S/N Professional Minimal Cost

1. Developers $ 1,500

2. Trainers $ 500

3. Operational Costs $ 400

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Ground Total: $ 2,400

1.18.3. Operational Feasibility:-

This new system doesn’t need additional operating staff to operate the systems’

daily activities, the existing staff will be developed under training and giving

them seminars and finally they will take the responsibility of the new systems

workflow. Communities are inherently resistant to change, and computers have

been known to facilitate change. It is understandable that the introduction of a

candidate system requires special effort to educate, sell, and train the staff on

new ways of conducting business this test of feasibility asks whether the

developed system will work properly after it has been developed.

The developing system reliable and very fast compare to previous system.

Because this development is at system level only the employees who know

about computer software’s can only manage this system. The developer is

responsible for asking clarification, where necessary, and will not make any

alteration without the permission of the management or user. The developer is

responsible for installing the system (software) on the client's hardware,

conducting any user training that might be needed for using the system and

maintaining the system. The system being developed would be very fast in

execution. This system will provide reliable, secured data transfer.

By this proposed system we can avoid interaction of hackers and intruders by

implementing the Encryption and Decryption of the data. The main feature of

this system is time customization and to enable good concept in depositing and

withdrawal systems and also preparing balance sheet of the customer’s

accounts.

1.18.4. Feasibility Report :-

After we find the needs to build this new proposed system according to the

technological, economical, and operational modal, we illustrated that if we get

all these needs we will develop this new system in five months accurately. After

production of the software we will install it to your computers and it is able to

fulfill all requirements specifications listed below.

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1.19. System Requirement Specifications:

The proposed new system will be able to fulfill these actions:-

1. Different privileges of users will be given.

2. Verification of username and passwords.

3. Validation of all inputs and outputs.

4. Checks different user privileges accurately.

5. Registration of a new customer.

6. Updates or Deletes customer related information.

7. Quick searching is enabled.

8. Gives reports between any intervals.

9. Processes deposit and withdrawal transactions.

10. Gives balances to the customers easily.

11. Users can be created by the administrator.

12. Make sure that the amount required is in the Account.

13. Changes passwords easily.

14. You can cancel easily any transaction you need with out losing data.

15. Owners can check the income and expenses easily.

After the specifications we suggested to build this new system using these two

applications listed below:

1.20. Project Development Tools:-

1. Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0

2. Microsoft SQL Server 2000

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Chapter Two: Project Design and Methodology: -

Introduction:

The design phase involves converting the System Requirement Specification

(SRS) identified during the initiation and planning phases in to a logical Design

and then into Physical Design that the technical programmer can follow to

develop the project during the development phase. Design will play a bigger

role in every project, therefore; developing a good design is needed and related

to have enough information.

2.1 Design Methodology:-

2.1.1 Input Design:

Input design is the process of converting user-originated input to a computer-

based format. The goal of designing input data is to make data entry as easy as

possible, logical and free from errors as Possible. The design is developed

according to the requirements of the client or the user all the online information

is converted to computer based format and stored.

2.1.2 Output Design:

Output Design is the process of converting the already existing Data in the

system and presenting it to the user or client according To the required format.

Designing includes automatic billing System, automatic generation of receipts,

preparation of reports and other necessary screens. All the information stored at

input Stage is recalled from the backend server and the screens are developed

2.1.3 Database Design:

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The database tables are created taking in view the structure of the system. The

goal of this part of system designing is to reduce Redundancy i.e. duplication of

fields in tables which are stored in The backend database Implementation of

security for the Database can be done by the usage of constraints, referential

keys Locking on the tables to protect from outside user. To maintain further

security of the database the passwords can also implemented. The database

designing invokes various concepts like normalization. The table can be linked

and the data retrieved by the help of references to the joined table.

In the design phase of this system we have three major parts:

Front End Design Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0

Back End Design Microsoft SQL Server 2000

Screen Designs or User Interface Designs.

2.2 Front End Design

The front end application can be designed by using different applicable tools to

develop the front end and request the following tools:

Context Diagram

Data Flow Diagram (DFD):

Physical DFD

Logical DFD

Pseudo Code

Therefore it is needed to explain accurately each of these tools in detailed way

respectively.

2.2.1 Context Diagram:

The top-level diagram is often called a “context diagram”. It contains a single

process, but it plays a very important role in studying the current system. The

context diagram defines the system that will be studied in the sense that it

determines the boundaries. Anything that is not inside the process identified in

the context diagram will not be part of the system study. It represents the

entire software element as a single bubble with input and output data indicated

by incoming and outgoing arrows respectively.

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2.2.2 Data Flow Diagram (DFD): -

A graphical tool used to describe and analyze the moment of data through a

system manual or automated including the process, stores of data, and delays

in the system. Data Flow Diagrams are the central tool and the basis from which

other components are developed. The transformation of data from input to

output, through processes, may be described logically and independently of the

physical components associated with the system. The DFD is also know as a

data flow graph or a bubble chart.

Data Flow Diagram (DFD) it means representing a system at any level of detail

with a graphic network of symbols showing data flows, data stores, process, and

data source/ destination. Or is a graphical technique that depicts information

flow and transforms that are applied as data move to represent a system or

software at any level of abstraction.

DFD may be partitioned into levels that represent increasing information flow

and functional detail.

There are two types of data flow diagrams are: -

a) Physical DFD:

Structured analysis states that the current system should be first understand

correctly. The physical DFD is the model of the current system and is used to

ensure that the current system has been clearly understood. Physical DFD’s

shows actual devices, departments, people etc. involved in the current system.

b) Logical DFD:

Logical DFD’s are the model of the proposed system. They clearly should show

the requirements on which the new system should be built. Later during design

activity this is taken as the basis for drawing the system’s structure charts.

Purpose/ objectives:

The purpose of data flow diagrams is to provide a semantic bridge between

users and systems developers. It also provides process that is the incoming data

follow(s) into outgoing data follow(s); The diagrams are: Graphical, eliminating

thousands of words; logical representations, modeling WHAT a system does,

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rather than physical models showing HOW it does it, hierarchal, showing

systems at any level of detail; The goal of the DFD is to have a commonly

understood model of a system; the diagrams are the basis of structured

systems analysis.

DFD are supported by other techniques of structured systems analysis such as

data structure diagrams, data dictionaries, and procedure-representing the

techniques such as decision tables, decision trees. DFD have the objectives of

avoiding the cost of:

Users/ Developers misunderstanding of a system, resulting in a need

recruit systems or in not using the system.

DFD are composed of the four basic symbols and we will illustrate here the

shapes of this system:

The External Entity symbol represents source of data to the system or

destinations of the data from the system.

The DFD arrow symbol represents movement/ motion of data.

The Data Store symbol represents data that is in the disk or not moving

(Delayed data at rest).

The process symbol represents an activity that transforms or manipulates

the data Combines, re-orders, converts, etc).

The Basic Notation used to create a DFD’s and any system can be represented

at any level of details using these four symbols.

Data flow: Data move in a specific direction from an origin to a Destination.

Process: People, procedures, or devices that use or produce (Transform) Data.

The physical component is not identified.

Source: External sources or destination of data, which may be People,

programs, organizations or other entities.

Data Store: Here data are stored or referenced by a process in the System

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You can see neatly how this project is logically designed and understand

graphically all these diagrams

An external Entity of a system is an element (hardware/human) that gives the

system information for transformation through the software or received

information produced by the software. A storehouse of the data that allow the

use of one or more processes is called a data store the arrowhead indicates the

direction of data flow. Data flow diagrams can be expressed using special

symbols that are widely useful. These symbols can be used to indicate

processing nodes, data nodes, and data sources and data stores.

Here we are displaying a context diagram that is how data is logically connected

through the Software; the bank employees department makes transactions i.e.

depositing, withdraw ling and customer registration; where as the accounting

department needs accounting Information to do balance sheets and to generate

Income Statement at the end of the year. Thus the Management Section will

take the decision by getting the information of all activities. Therefore all of the

different bank departments use this application to do these different activities

and you can see diagrammatically below.

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Data flow

Processing Node

Application

Auditing Department

Accounting Information

Audit Information

Data Store

Process

ManagementSection

Bank Department Accounting Department

This is the context diagram that is presentation how system works and all

activities are related into the software scheme.

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Context diagram

Data Flow Diagram (Level 0): How Data Comes In and Goes Out Through the Project Cycle

Bank Department

Auditing Department

Accounting Department

Management Section

Accounting Information

Analyze Activities

Audit Information

Register Customers

Deposited Amount

Withdrawal Amount

Generate Activity Reports

Bank Data

Customers Data

Security Data

Authentication Process

This data follow is logically how data comes into and goes out with in the

depositing transaction so now we design how Deposit Activity done through the

bank application.

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Data Flow Diagram: Level (1): - The Deposit process

Bank Operators

Bank Operators

Security dataAuthenticate Users

Update Customer Account

Generate Deposit Report

Check Customer

Bank Data

Old CustomerNew Customer

Registration

The bank operators before updating the customer data they check if the money

is in the account or not, if the amount that the customer needs is more than the

money that is in the account the software denies this action and gives feed back

to the customer.

And now you can see the second level of the project data follow diagrams that is

the withdrawal process and how is done inside the software.

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Bank Operators

Bank Operators

Security dataAuthenticate Users

Update Customer Account

Generate Withdrawal

Report

Check Customer

Bank Data

Old CustomerNew Customer

Registration Ensure Amount in Account

2.3 Back End Design:

First of all this project will use Microsoft SQL Server 2000 as database so all data

will be stored in SQL tables. Here we will discuss different applicable tools that

back end design needs.

2.3.1 Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD):

Introduction:

ERD is a graphical representation of organization data storage requirements so

it simplifies the problem to be solved easily wile retaining its essential features.

The entity-relationship model is a data model or diagram for high-level

descriptions of conceptual data models, and it provides a graphical notation for

representing such data models in the form of entity-relationship diagrams.

Entity Relationship Diagrams are a major data modeling tool and will help

organize the data in your project into entities and define the relationships

between the entities. This process has proved to enable the analyst to produce

a good database structure so that the data can be stored and retrieved in a

most efficient manner. Entity Relationship Diagrams has three different

components listed below:

1. Entities:An Entity is a thing (Object, Concept) being capable of an independent

existence and which can be uniquely. It is represented by a rectangle in the E-R

model.

2. Attributes:An attribute is property of an entity.

3. Relation-Ship:A Relationship and association between two (or more) Entities, it is represented

by diamond shaped box in the E-R model.

Entities in this system:

23

Data Flow Diagram: Level (2): - The Withdrawal process

The Entities in this system are: Users, Customers, and Transactions.

Relationships in this system: -We can find the relation-ship in this system by constructing and combining the

following data and thinking very neatly: -

1. Customer: - every customer may act one or more bank activities;

2. User: - every user can make many bank transactions;

3. Transaction: - every transaction is linked to one bank account and

4. Account No: - every customer need one bank account number.

This is showing neatly how data is linked to and how these entities are related

to one another. So in this system the Columns that are unique and taking

primary keys are:

1. Cust_ID (Customer ID);

2. User Code;

3. Acc_No (Account Number) and

4. Tran_ID (Transaction ID).

2.3.2 Data Dictionary:

Definition:

A data dictionary is a set metadata that contains definitions and representations

of data elements. Within the context of a DBMS, a data dictionary is a read –

only set of tables and views and shows all tables in the database. A data

dictionary is a database in its own dictionary among other things and it holds

the following information.

1. Login Table:

ConstraintsLengthData TypesDescriptionColumn Names

Not Null50nvarcharUser Identification codeUser Code

Not Null50nvarcharType of UserUser_Type

Not Null50nvarcharUser NameUser Name

Not Null50nvarcharUser Password Password

24

2. Account Types Table:

ConstraintsLengthData TypesDescriptionColumn Names

Not Null50varcharAccount ID NumberAccount No

Not Null 50nvarcharCustomer Account NameAccount Name

Not Null50nvarcharDescription of Account TypeDescription

3. Customer Registration Table:

ConstraintsLengthData TypesDescriptionColumn Names

Not Null25nvarcharCustomer ID NumberCust_ID

Not Null80varcharCustomer Full NameCust_Name

Not Null 30varcharCustomer Town or CityLocation

Not Null50varcharCustomer AddressAddress

Not Null35nvarchar Customer Phone NumberPhone No

Not Null35nvarcharCustomer Mobile NumberMobile No

Allow Nulls30varcharCustomer Postal CodePostal Code

Not Null 50varcharCustomer E-mail AddressEmail

Not Null30varchar Customer Contact TitleContact Title

Not Null4smalldatetimeCustomer Registration DateDate Joined

Not Null 50varcharCustomer Account NumberAccount No

Not Null 50varcharType Of Customer AccountAccount Type

Not Null50varcharCustomer Opening AmountOpening Balance

Allow Nulls9numericNational ID NumberIDNO

4. Deposit Table:

ConstraintsLengthData TypesDescriptionColumn Names

Not Null50nvarcharTransaction IDTran_ID

Not Null25nvarcharCustomer ID NumberCust_ID

Not Null80varcharCustomer Full NameCust_Name

25

Not Null50varcharAccount ID NumberAccount No

Allow Nulls50VarcharSome ExplanationDescription

Allow Nulls50nvarcharCancellation ReasonCancel Reason

Not Null50nvarcharStatusStatus

Not Null 50nvarcharAmount DepositedAmount_Dep

Not Null4smalldatetimeDate DepositedDated

5. Withdrawal Table:

ConstraintsLengthData TypesDescriptionColumn Names

Not Null50nvarcharTransaction IDTran_ID

Not Null25nvarcharCustomer ID NumberCust_ID

Not Null80varcharCustomer Full NameCust_Name

Not Null50varcharAccount ID NumberAccount No

Not Null50nvarcharDescriptionDescription

Allow Nulls50nvarcharCancellation ReasonCancel Reason

Not Null50nvarcharStatusStatus

Not Null 50nvarcharAmount WithdrawnAmount With

Not Null4smalldatetimeDate WithdrawnDated

2.3.3 Pseudo Code: -

Introduction:

Pseudo Code: is a short hand way of describing a computer applications rather

than use of the exact syntax of programming languages, or it is a code that is

written in words that are more general than the specific narrow code of the

programming languages; and the aim of this type of code is its is easier and

more understandable for a person who is a non-programmer to recognize the

general work of the project.

1. Pseudo Code Main Form:

Check User Type

26

If User Type is Administrator PRINT All Main Form MenusElse If User Type is Depositor Display the Depositor MenusAnd Hide Other MenusElse If User Type is WithdrawalShow the Depositor MenusAnd Hide Other Menus

DO CASE        CASE Transactions is true                    Subprogram Transactions        CASE Registration is true                    Subprogram Registration       CASE Deposit is true                    Subprogram Deposit       CASE Withdrawal is true                    Subprogram Withdrawal

2. Pseudo Code for Deposit Form:

DO        INPUT "Select the Account ID # to update."        Read customer Account from file       IF Customer Account is valid THEN                  Add amount to Customer Account ELSE PRINT “Invalid Customer Account!”.Exit subprogramEnd ifEND DO

IF choice is Return THEN         Return to the Transactions Main Menu END IF END of Subprogram

3. Pseudo Code for Withdrawal Form:

DO        INPUT "Select the Account ID to update."        Read customer Account from file       IF Customer Account is valid THEN If Account Has enough Balance                 Subtract Amount from Customer Account ElsePRINT “NO enough funds available!”

27

Exit sub program

2.4 User Interface Design: -

User interface is perhaps the most important part of the Application. As a user IT

is probably more concerned about the Interface rather than the underlying

code. Since designing a user Interface is the best approached, as an interactive

process in the form of a dialogue between the user and the developer, a perfect

Design in the pass is a rarity. Most of the functions in the application can be

executed using only one form. All the section names are presented in the form

of Menus as of links.

Each of these links presents a section as per the System design. The startup

form presents as a link to the modules. For Entry into the department the user

has to supply valid user ID and password to log on to the application. The menu

bar has all menus pertaining to the different Sections of the particular module

and is initially blank.

All Forms that we will use to design this banking management system project

are listed below:

1. Loading Form

2. Welcome Form

3. Login Form

4. Main Form

5. Customer Registration Form

6. Deposit Form

7. Withdrawal Form

8. Calendar Form

9. Calculator Form

10. About Us Form

11. About Application Form

12. User Registration Form

13. Account Types Form

14. Deposit Cancellation Form

15. Withdrew Cancellation Form

28

16. Change Password Form

1. Loading Form

2. Welcome Form

3. Login Form

4. Account Types Form

29

5. Main Form

6. Customer Registration Form:

30

7.7.7.

Deposit Form:

8. Deposit Cancellation Form

31

9. Withdrawal Form:

10. Withd

rawal Cancellation Form

32

11. User Registration Form:

12. Change Password Form:

13. Calendar Form:

33

14. Calculator Form

15. About Application Form:

34

16. About Us Form:

35

Chapter Three: System Coding And Testing

3.1 System Testing

A testing tool is a place of software, which implements one or more of these

functions. The borderline between a true tool and special purpose testing is

necessarily vague, but the following appear to be characteristics of testing tools

a. Generalized Interface:

A true tool should allow the user flexibility in specifying the testing

requirements and the program under test.

b. Reusability:

A tool should be able to successfully service the just use that is the lifecycle of a

tool should open the lifecycle of several applications. The development of test

data itself may involve processes, which are combinationally explosive when

expressed as functions of the number of program components so that hand

calculation is out of the question. For many applications checking calculated

results against expected results is not feasible manually. Output files may be

too large for hand inspection, expected output may be derived by independent

execution for an executable specification, correctness of output may be

determined by performance constraints or the number of executions required

may be excessively large. In such cases special programs are required to

examine the results of execution and determined automatically the correctness

of execution on test case. The maintenance of test files, logs and

documentation may also be automated for similar reasons.

3.2 Analysis Tool Classification

Testing tool analyze characteristics obtainable from program structure with out

regards to the excitability of the program under test. The tools that perform this

function are usually classified by functions.

1. Code Auditing:

36

Code auditing refers to the examination of source code to determine whether or

not specified programming practice rules have been followed.

2. Consistency checking:

A consistency check determines whether or not units of program text are

internally consistent in the sense that they implement a uniform notification of

terminology.

3. Cross referencing:

Cross-referencing are dictionaries relating entities by logical name

4. Interface analysis:

Interface analysis checks the interfaces between program elements for

consistency

5. Dataflow analysis:

Dataflow analysis originated in compiler optimization studies.

6. Error checking:

Error checkers determine discrepancies their importance and causes.

4.1 System Testing:

The philosophy behind testing is to find errors. Test cases are devised with this

in mind. A strategy employed for system testing is code testing.

4.2 Code Testing:

This strategy examines the logic of the program. To follow this method our

project Supervisor developed some test data that resulted in executing every

instruction in the program and module i.e. every path is tested. Systems are not

designed as entire nor are they tested as single systems. To ensure that the

coding is perfect two types of testing is performed or for that matter is

performed or that matter is performed or for that matter is performed on all

systems.

Types of Testing:

4.2.1 Unit Testing:

37

In this application developer tests the programs up as system. Software units in

a system are the modules and routines that are assembled and integrated to

form a specific Function; Unit testing first done on modules, independent of one

another to locate errors. This enables to detect errors. Through these errors

resulting from interaction between modules initially avoided.

Example:

Let us assume a customer need his own balance and also to take some amount,

the application searches the customer using his name as shown in figure 1.

After getting the customer information the bank operator asks how much

amount he need. Thus, see the application you will clearly understand all above

words in detail. First of all Withdrawal Form will be displayed and then the bank

operator will click Withdraw Button to start new transaction and the cursor will

be in the customer number text boxes; next that is to get the customer

information press F2 to search the customer by name as shown in figure 1.

When you get the customer no, name, account number and his balance in the

form then the operator will enter the withdrawn amount and some description

then customer can take his amount at the time. And the amount that the

customer has taken will be reduced from his balance.

Figure 1: Customer Searching

Figure 2: Withdrawing

38

Project Code of Module Form:

'Public Declaration Section

Public rs As New ADODB.Recordset

Public rsSearch As New ADODB.Recordset

Public cnBank As New ADODB.Connection

Public rsCustomers As New ADODB.Recordset

Public rsDeposit As New ADODB.Recordset

Public rsWithdrawal As New ADODB.Recordset

Public rsAccTypes As New ADODB.Recordset

Public rsTemp As New ADODB.Recordset

Public rsUsers As New ADODB.Recordset

Public x As Integer

Public NewRecord As Boolean

'Opens Database And All Tables

Public Sub connectDatabase()

Set cnBank = New ADODB.Connection

cnBank.ConnectionString = "Provider=SQLOLEDB.1;Integrated

Security=SSPI;Persist Security Info=False;Initial Catalog=DBBANK;Data

Source=." cnBank.Open

Set rsCustomers = New ADODB.Recordset

rsCustomers.Open "Select * From tblCustomers", cnBank, adOpenKeyset

Set rsDeposit = New ADODB.Recordset

rsDeposit.Open "Select * From tblDeposits", cnBank, adOpenKeyset,

adLockOptimistic

39

Set rsWithdrawal = New ADODB.Recordset

rsWithdrawal.Open "Select * From tblWithdrawals", cnBank, adOpenKeyset

Set rsAccTypes = New ADODB.Recordset

rsAccTypes.Open "tblAccTypes", cnBank, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

End Sub

'Clears Form Controls

Public Sub clear_Form_Controls(frm As Form)

Dim ctrl As Control

For Each ctrl In frm.Controls

If TypeOf ctrl Is TextBox Then

ctrl.Text = ""

ElseIf TypeOf ctrl Is ComboBox Then

ctrl.Text = ""

Else

End If

Next ctrl

End Sub

'Locks Form Controls

Public Sub Lock_Form_Controls(frm As Form)

Dim ctrl As Control

For Each ctrl In frm.Controls

If TypeOf ctrl Is TextBox Then

ctrl.Locked = True

ElseIf TypeOf ctrl Is ComboBox Then

ctrl.Locked = True

ElseIf TypeOf ctrl Is MaskEdBox Then

ctrl.Enabled = True

End If

Next ctrl

End Sub

'Unlocks Form Controls

40

Public Sub UnLock_Form_Controls(frm As Form)

Dim ctrl As Control

For Each ctrl In frm.Controls

If TypeOf ctrl Is TextBox Then

ctrl.Locked = False

ElseIf TypeOf ctrl Is ComboBox Then

ctrl.Locked = False

ElseIf TypeOf ctrl Is MaskEdBox Then

ctrl.Enabled = True

End If

Next ctrl

End Sub

'Closes Database

Public Sub disconnectDatabase()

cnBank.Close

End Sub

'Selects Text Control

Public Sub selectTextControl(txtCtrl As TextBox)

txtCtrl.SelStart = 0

txtCtrl.SelLength = Len(txtCtrl.Text)

End Sub

'Selects Mask Control

Public Sub selectMaskControl(maskCtrl As MaskEdBox)

maskCtrl.SelStart = 0

maskCtrl.SelLength = Len(maskCtrl.Text)

End Sub

'Checks Database Status

Public Sub CheckDatabaseStatus(rsStat As ADODB.Recordset)

With rsStat

If .BOF = True And .EOF = True Then

41

MsgBox "There are currently No records Available for this module",

vbInformation

Exit Sub

End If

End With

End Sub

'Moves To First

Public Sub MoveToFirst(rsFirst As ADODB.Recordset)

With rsFirst

Call CheckDatabaseStatus(rsFirst)

.MoveFirst

If .BOF Then

.MoveFirst

MsgBox "This is the first Record..", vbInformation

Exit Sub

End If

End With

End Sub

'Moves To Previous

Public Sub MoveToPrev(rsPrev As ADODB.Recordset)

With rsPrev

Call CheckDatabaseStatus(rsPrev)

.MovePrevious

If .BOF Then

.MoveFirst

MsgBox "This is the first Record..", vbInformation

Exit Sub

End If

End With

End Sub

'Moves To Next

42

Public Sub MoveToNext(rsNext As ADODB.Recordset)

With rsNext

Call CheckDatabaseStatus(rsNext)

.MoveNext

If .EOF Then

.MoveLast

MsgBox "This is the last Record..", vbInformation

Exit Sub

End If

End With

End Sub

'Moves To Last

Public Sub MoveToLast(rsLast As ADODB.Recordset)

With rsLast

Call CheckDatabaseStatus(rsLast)

.MoveLast

If .EOF Then

.MoveLast

MsgBox "This is the last Record..", vbInformation

Exit Sub

End If

End With

End Sub

'Allows Integer Values

Public Function GetIntValues(ByVal Key As Integer) As Long

If Key = 0 Then Exit Function

If Key = 46 Then Exit Function

If (Key >= 48 And Key <= 57) Or (Key = 8 Or Key = 13) Then

GetIntValues = Key

Else

a = MsgBox("Integer Values Are Allowed", vbInformation, "Integer Limited")

End If

43

End Function

'Allows Characters

Public Sub ValidNonNumeric(KeyAscii As Integer)

KeyAscii = Asc(UCase$(Chr$(KeyAscii)))

Select Case KeyAscii

Case Asc(" ")

Case 65 To 90

Case 97 To 122

Case 32

Case 13

Case 8

Case 127

Case Else

MsgBox "Invalid Input. Please Don't Enter Numerics...", vbOKOnly +

vbExclamation

KeyAscii = 0

End Select

End Sub

Project Code of Deposits Form:

Dim currBalance As Currency

Private Sub cboCustomerNo_GotFocus()

cboCustomerNo.ToolTipText = "Press F2 To Select Customer Information"

End Sub

Private Sub cboCustomerNo_KeyDown(KeyCode As Integer, Shift As Integer)

If KeyCode = vbKeyF2 Then

frm_searchdep.Show

End If

End Sub

Private Sub cboCustomerNo_LostFocus()

cboCustomerNo.ToolTipText = ""

44

End Sub

Private Sub cmdCancel_Click()

frm_canceldep.Show

Unload Me

End Sub

Private Sub cmdDeposit_Click()

NewRecord = True

Call clear_Form_Controls(Me)

Call UnLock_Form_Controls(Me)

cboCustomerNo.Locked = True

txtcustname.Locked = True

txtAccountNo.Locked = True

Call GenerateNewTransactCode

cboCustomerNo.SetFocus

End Sub

Private Sub cmdQuit_Click()

Unload Me

End Sub

Private Sub cmdSave_Click()

If txtTransactionID.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Transaction ID.", vbInformation

txtTransactionID.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

If cboCustomerNo.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Customer ID", vbInformation

cboCustomerNo.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

If txtAccountNo.Text = "" Then

45

MsgBox "Please Enter the Account No.", vbInformation

txtAccountNo.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

If txtDescription.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Description.", vbInformation

txtDescription.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

If txtAmountDeposited.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Amount to Deposit.", vbInformation

txtAmountDeposited.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

With rsDeposit

If NewRecord = True Then .AddNew

!Tran_ID = txtTransactionID.Text

!Cust_ID = cboCustomerNo.Text

!Cust_Name = txtcustname.Text

!AccountNo = txtAccountNo.Text

!Description = txtDescription.Text

!Amount_Dep = txtAmountDeposited.Text

!Dated = txtDated.Value

!Status = "OK"

.Update

MsgBox "Deposited Successfully ...", vbInformation, "Banking Management

System 1.0"

End With

'Updating Customer Balance

Set rsTemp = New ADODB.Recordset

rsTemp.Open "Select * From tblCustomers where Cust_ID='" &

cboCustomerNo.Text & "' " & " and AccountNo='" & txtAccountNo.Text & "'",

cnBank, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

46

currBalance = (CCur(lblBalance.Caption) + CCur(txtAmountDeposited.Text))

With rsTemp

!OpeningBalance = currBalance

.Update

.Requery

.Close

End With

Call clear_Form_Controls(Me)

End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Call connectDatabase

txtDated.Value = Date

Call Lock_Form_Controls(Me)

End Sub

Public Sub GenerateNewTransactCode()

Dim lastnumber As Long, newnumber As Long

'Check if there are records in the file

With rsDeposit

If .BOF = True And .EOF = True Then

lastnumber = 1000

Else

.MoveLast

lastnumber = !Tran_ID

End If

'Generate New Number

newnumber = lastnumber + 1

txtTransactionID.Text = newnumber

End With

End Sub

Private Sub txtAmountDeposited_Change()

If Len((txtAmountDeposited.Text)) > 15 Then

47

MsgBox "Limited to 15 Numerics", vbInformation

txtAmountDeposited.Text = ""

txtAmountDeposited.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

End Sub

Private Sub txtAmountDeposited_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer)

KeyAscii = GetIntValues(KeyAscii)

End Sub

Private Sub txtMode_LostFocus()

If txtMode.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Select the Mode of Transaction", vbInformation

End If

End Sub

Project Code of Withdrawals Form:

Dim currBalance As Currency

Private Sub cboCustomerNo_GotFocus()

cboCustomerNo.ToolTipText = "Press F2 To Select The Customer Information"

End Sub

Private Sub cboCustomerNo_KeyDown(KeyCode As Integer, Shift As Integer)

If KeyCode = vbKeyF2 Then

frm_searchingWith.Show

End If

End Sub

Private Sub cboCustomerNo_LostFocus()

cboCustomerNo.ToolTipText = ""

End Sub

Private Sub cmdCancel_Click()

48

frm_cancelwith.Show

Unload Me

End Sub

Private Sub cmdQuit_Click()

Unload Me

End Sub

Private Sub cmdSave_Click()

If txtTransactionID.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Transaction ID.", vbInformation

txtTransactionID.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

If cboCustomerNo.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Customer ID", vbInformation

cboCustomerNo.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

If txtAccountNo.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Account No.", vbInformation

txtAccountNo.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

If txtDescription.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Description.", vbInformation

txtDescription.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

If txtAmountWithdrawn.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "Please Enter the Amount to Deposit.", vbInformation

txtAmountWithdrawn.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

49

Dim rsTempq As New ADODB.Recordset

rsTempq.Open "Select * From tblCustomers where Cust_ID='" &

cboCustomerNo.Text & "' " & " and AccountNo='" & txtAccountNo.Text & "'",

cnBank, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

If CCur(txtAmountWithdrawn.Text) > rsTempq!OpeningBalance Then

MsgBox "You Can't Withdrew This Money, Because Your Balance Is: " +

lblBalance.Caption, vbCritical, "BMSP"

Exit Sub

txtAmountWithdrawn.Text = ""

End If

With rsWithdrawal

If NewRecord = True Then .AddNew

!TransactionID = txtTransactionID.Text

!CustomerID = cboCustomerNo.Text

!Cust_Name = txtcustname.Text

!AccountNo = txtAccountNo.Text

!Description = txtDescription.Text

!Amount_With = txtAmountWithdrawn.Text

!Dated = txtDated.Value

!Status = "OK"

.Update

MsgBox "Withdrewed Successfully ...", vbInformation, "Banking Management

System 1.0"

End With

'Updating Customer Balance

Set rsTemp = New ADODB.Recordset

rsTemp.Open "Select * From tblCustomers where Cust_ID='" &

cboCustomerNo.Text & "' " & " and AccountNo='" & txtAccountNo.Text & "'",

cnBank, adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

currBalance = (CCur(lblBalance.Caption) - CCur(txtAmountWithdrawn.Text))

With rsTemp

!OpeningBalance = currBalance

.Update

50

.Requery

.Close

End With

'Customer Balance Is Updated]

Call clear_Form_Controls(Me)

End Sub

Private Sub cmdWithdraw_Click()

NewRecord = True

Call clear_Form_Controls(Me)

Call UnLock_Form_Controls(Me)

cboCustomerNo.Locked = True

txtAccountNo.Locked = True

txtcustname.Locked = True

Call GenerateNewTransactCode

cboCustomerNo.SetFocus

End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Call connectDatabase

Call Lock_Form_Controls(Me)

txtDated.Value = Date

End Sub

Private Sub txtAmountWithdrawn_Change()

If Len((txtAmountWithdrawn.Text)) > 15 Then

MsgBox "Limited to 15 Numerics", vbInformation

txtAmountWithdrawn.Text = ""

txtAmountWithdrawn.SetFocus

Exit Sub

End If

End Sub

Private Sub txtAmountWithdrawn_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer)

Call ValidNumeric(KeyAscii)

51

End Sub

4.2.2 Link Testing:

Link testing does not test software but rather the integration of each module in

system. The primary concern is the compatibility of each module. The

Programmer tests where modules are designed with different parameters,

length, type etc.

Chapter Four: System Implementation

System Implementation includes all those activities that take place to convert

from the old system to the new system. No system is ever perfect. Errors must

be eliminated before the system is really installed for actual implementation.

The system is tested for Banking Management from failures and unsuitability

then the system testing comes which verifies that the whole set of programs

52

hangs together. Following system testing is acceptance testing or running the

system with offline data by the actual user.

4.1 Plans of Implementation:

Implementation includes all those activities that take place to convert from old

system to new system the project test is totally new, replacing the old system.

This method includes the implementation of the system on a single module or

on several modules on the whole.

4.2 Maintenance:

Maintenance covers a wide range of activities including correctly coding and

design protecting from errors, updating documentation and test date and

upgrading user support. Many activities classified as maintenance means

restoring some thing to its original condition. Unlike hardware and software

does not wear out it is corrected. In contrast, an enhancement means adding,

modifying or redeveloping the code to support changes in the specifications. It

is necessary to keep up with user needs and the operational environments.

The primary activities of maintenance procedure are to reduce maintenance

costs. Maintenance demands more orientation and training than any other

programming activities, especially for entry level programmers. The

environments must recognize the needs of the maintenance programmer for

tools, methods and training. The project must be maintained and revised

periodically. It must adopt to change easily without any resistance. The change

must be implemented to get the required output.

Chapter Five: Conclusion And Recommendation

5.1 Introduction:

In this final chapter the results of this study will be presented. In the first section

it will be assessed to what extent the objective of this research assignment has

been fulfilled. Furthermore concluding remarks will be formulated using problem

53

formulation and research questions as set up in the introductory chapter. At the

end of the first section a suggestion is put forward what these results in fact

constitute in terms of Arab International Bank policy. In the second section of

this chapter the content of the thesis as well as the process in which is has been

shaped will be reflected upon. In addition suggestions for further research are

put forward.

The development of a system to be used in an organization needs a careful and

complete study of the policies and practice in an organization and a through

understanding of the technology used including the present system. The

Analysis state must consider the major operational areas and the justifiability of

a computerized information system developed. The requirements determination

phase must attend sincerely to the understanding of the related areas under

consideration such as how operations are performed. Who performs them the

frequency of occurrence the underlying problems and possible solutions etc.

Therefore thus phase analyzer the application thoroughly and identifies goals

and constraints for the system design. Implementation, testing and evaluation

are an important and crucial moment in the development of any system. The

user should be totally satisfied with the developed system. All the above-

mentioned steps have been thoroughly taken care and implemented in

“BANKING MANAGEMENT” system undertaken for the almost satisfaction

through “ARAB BANK COMPANY LTD.”, Mogadishu.

After more tire and great endeavor we successfully ended the other phases

although we recognize that there can’t be any complete thing done by human

being but also we did our best and our project is completed successfully.

According to our effort we really think that we did our best and this project is

completed ninety five per cent (95%) with good user interface design.

Such knowledge may help public authorities and other interested parties plan

for the accelerated diffusion of similar technologies in the future, in Somalia and

elsewhere. Finally we would like to identify the strengths and weak points of our

54

project, because every thing has weakness as well as strengths except the

creator of all so we will talk about them as follows.

5.2 Strengths:

This project has capability to provide successful and adequate activities

for the users who need to do registration as well as depositing and

withdrawing transactions etc.

The system can make cancellation actions when wrong transaction occurs

with editing if it needed.

This bank system provides the users storeroom and right to use his

account of customer’s records with reliability of data safety.

The administrator has ability to change the passwords of his account and

others.

The system considers data protection its goal and is very integrated.

Validations of all inputs are carefully managed and verifications of

different user privileges are done accurately.

5.3 Weaknesses:

This project was developed using VB 6.0 as front-end and SQL SERVER

2000 as back-end thus the system may get some run time errors as soon

as different version of operating system is used and these errors are very

simple limitation.

The system does not have complete departments to develop each

department her phase so all phases are done by us.

The research has presented a simple model of banking functions for

making different terms of bank transactions so this system does not use

credit cards and checks to add or deduct balances.

55

The system is not on-line banking so all transactions are done through one

computer that this project is installed.

5.4 Future Enhancements:

Many activities known as maintenance are actually enhancements.

An enhancement of a system means adding, modifying or redeveloping

the code of that system to support changes.

This research focused on the transactions of bank systems that are off-

line; future research may study the use of the on-line banking system.

In the requirement specification of the system it is necessary to keep up

with the different changes and user’s need and their daily work.

The user can easily add to the existing project taking the scope of the

project into consideration

We will make an effort to take a credit cards and customer check numbers

to deduct or add balances.

We will add a good quality reports and also On-line banking system will be

improved to this project to fulfill all needs of the company and the

customers.

5.5 Scope of the Project:

The scope of the project “BANKING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” has been described

and can be extended to give the flexibility of performing registrations to the

customers, and also bank transactions such as depositing and withdrawing. This

project mainly concentrates on bank transactions and also gives reports.

5.6 Software Performance:

Registrations of Customers can be done quickly;

Quick searching is enabled;

Customers can get there account information reports;

Different privileges of users are given.

All transactions can be cancelled easily without losing data.

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All Customers information is stored;

Updating of account types is possible.

Different transactions can be done at a time.

Validations and verifications are important.

5.7 Recommendations:

This thesis has provided some interesting material for further study. First rather

practical and obvious suggestions are the development of the local banks

market. This study already gave some approaching in the enormous

changeableness of this region markets. Given the different of bank resources

and the growing number of consuming customers this changeableness seems

somewhat guaranteed for the next decades, so studies within this field are

bound to be interesting.

In addition one can think of more regionally oriented research such as on the

development of the European Banks market or the development of Asian Banks.

More theoretically oriented issues arose from this thesis as well. It was indicated

that different theoretical insights delivered different perceptions of the current

developments on the bank markets. This thesis put some light on Banking

Management System (BMS) and firm performance link with the help of available

literature.

Besides quite a number of research activities are underway in large companies

We can say that current momentum of research activity, if continued in a same

way, might bring valuable findings for the development and understanding of

concrete theory on BMS and performance link. As research identifies the need

for solid framework to demonstrate BMS and firm performance such finding of

continued research can be valuable for future. Here one point takes our

attention is the difference between large and small firms with respect to

administration of business operation especially the management of employees.

In this line, when we study relevant literature either it is on scant or context

specific with a focus on explorations only. Emerging research in this area is

considered as focused on the exploration and comparison with large firms.

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Several studies recommend for more future research on questions like how, and

why beside what. In such a situation, few recent studies on BMS and

performance link have been conducted in Somalia. These mainly focus on BMS

formalization and few of them have investigated the link between BMS and firm

performance.

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