b, james unit 3 may 14

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A2 Interior & 3D DesignJames Robert Bazun

CourseworkUnit 3

02 | 03*every graphic element / image in this presentation is primarily created by myself* with the exception of map images

south london gallery: oscar murrillo exhibition

Beginning this project I was fortunate enough to be given a tour around the Oscar Murrillo exhibition at the South London Art Gallery. Oscar Murrillo does not design products for a target audience with a specific form and function. However, this trip was very open to the interpretation of the viewer, opening our minds to freedom of thought, with the ideology that there is no such thing as being “wrong”, this would then go on to help in the beginning design phase.

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south london gallery: oscar murrillo exhibition

One thing I could definitely take from Oscar’s work is the way his work is made specially for a space. This made me aware that every room has different needs and specifications, architecturally I could use this new knowledge as a strength when designing functions.

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experimenting with scale from photographs

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The weird and wonderful objects found in these space allowed me to get my camera lens low down, shorten my F stop and create a low-down scene. I have then photoshopped people into this scene, kesping their heads level and allowing their feet to drop from the pivot point to give a sense of scale.

south london gallery: oscar murrillo exhibition - lucky dip

The lucky dip was an idea by Murrillo based on the traditional lottery theory of buying tickets for a possible large cash turnout. This idea was warped by charging a large sum of £2,500 for one ticket, rather than a pound or two. This method of thinking can be adapted by interior designers and architects.

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Experimenting with scale from photgraphs again, lowering my camera angle and manipulating it on photoshop, dragging out the floor to give it the effect of a flat floor, I have made the most of these abstract items on Display in the lucky dip room.

Responding to space after the tour, we were given a small wall or corner to work with a limited amount of materials to dtry and create a work of art. The items we were allowed to used were fairly random and on a strict time limit of a few minutes, I believe this helped my thinking skills quite a lot.

south london gallery: responding to space

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After some pre-project experimentation, I have addressed a problem.The problem with the UK aviation system is that the airports are running

at 98% capacity and speed of travel is increasing. New solutions need to be addressed and any existing proposals involve expanding Heathrow or

Stansted at great expense, inefficiency and disturbances.

problem

task to approach

It has recently come to the attention of the government, bourgeoisie and leading rights of international connections that the UK need to increase their aviation capacity by 2050 if they do not want to fall behind other countries economically in the future. Admitting that London’s main airports will reach full capacity in 2030 and a viable way to expand the airports without causing major disturbances has yet to be found.This project is to design a new airport that broadens horizons and to new potential business opportunities via design methods and planning. With London falling behind Paris, Amsterdam and Frankfurt, there is mounting pressure on the Government to act to preserve the capital’s status as a European airport hub.It is important to understand the scale and importance of this task before undertaking it. On the subject of international easily accessible airports Boris Johnson raises: “Ambitious cities all over the world are stealing a march on us and putting themselves in a position to eat London’s breakfast, lunch and dinner by constructing major airports that plug them directly into the global supply chains that we need to be part of.”A new hub airport to the east of London would create hundreds of thousands of new jobs.

Heathrow has slipped down the rankings as a premier international hub as other countries have expandedThere are many proposals to consider.Thames Estuary Airport:Artificial lone island would remove problems of noise pollution. Colloquially known as ‘Boris Island’.The Isle of Grain Airport:Close enough to London to provide fast access by public transport, yet take-off and landing over water would reduce impact on as small a population as possible.Stansted Airport Expansion:Building on existing infrastructure at Stansted would have none of the environmental or wildlife issues that would need to be overcome in the estuary.

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Britain’s statistical aviation status

As I condiser a shortlist of proposals for expanding UK airport capacity, I took a closer look at how Britain’s biggest airports compare with their European rivals.

Destinations served: Total 2012 passengers: Number of Airlines: Number of runways:

HEATHROW 184 70M 84 2

GATWICK 200 34M 45 1

STANSTED 150 18M 12 1

AMSTERDAM SCHIPHOL 317 51M 101 5

PARIS CHARLES DE GAULLE 315 62M 100 4

FRANKFURT 295 58M 107 4

Traffic flows from the UK to emerging markets such as China and India are expected to grow significantly over the next few decades.As the graph shows, while the number of flights to China including Hong Kong from Heathrow is the highest in Europe, there are fewer flights to other “fast growth” destinations in mainland China and the overall number of flights is lower.The Commission focused its recommendations on London and the South-East. However, it’s worth noting that one of Britain’s busiest airports is situated outside London.Manchester Airport is UK’s largest regional airport. It handles 22m passengers a year, and more than 100 airlines fly to 225 destinations from there, more than any other UK airport. It also has two runways.

My airports’ of choice to analyse derive from a chronologically arranged and researched table showing the ‘World’s Top 100 Airports’ according to the Guardian’s 2013 article and take up the subsequent pages of research.

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Brief

It has recently come to the attention of the government, the bourgeoisie and leading rights of international connections that the UK need to increase their aviation capacity by 2050 if they do not want to fall behind other countries economically in the future.This project is to design a new airport that broadens horizons and to new potential business opportunities via design methods and planning.

Evaluate the situations proposed to increase aviation capacity and determine the wisest solution.Consider the areas that are needed in the airport and designate areas for each sector.Propose runways with specific dimensions and space for the airport building with function and efficiency in mind.Design a section of the airport in 3-D that is to set the style for the rest of the airport.These must be achieved whilst proposing solutions to travel, i.e efficient mass transportation, pollution, i.e renewable energy sources and aesthetics of situated areas of the airport.

specification

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site

The se;ected and proposed site is on the corner of the Isle of Grain peninsula. The villiage inhabits under 2,000 people so building on this site wuld not be much of a

problem as far as relocation is concerned. This opposites Sheerness and will reach out into the Thames opening. There is a power station that will have to be relocated and

the docks will have to be rotatd around the beach area but this preparatory work is expected for such a big operation

rail situations and high speed proposals

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Proposed high speed rail

If London is to stay economically powerful then new links must be made via high-speead rail. I have mapped out the existing services around England and proposed a step into the future with these new plans.

Existing railExisting high speed rail

high speed rail services

Decision: MAGLEVShanghai Maglev tops the list with its maximum operational speed of 430km/h and average speed of 251kmph. The Maglev started commercial operations in April 2004. It runs on the 30.5km Shanghai Maglev Line, which is the first commercially operated high-speed magnetic levitation line, extending from Longyang Road Station of Metro Line 2 and ending at Shanghai Pudong International Airport.Shanghai Maglev is owned and operated by Shanghai Maglev Transportation Development Co. (SMTDC). The train was constructed by a joint venture of Siemens and ThyssenKrupp.Advantages of MAGLEVThe main advantage is maintenance. There is no contact between the guide way and the train which lessens the number of moving parts. Thus the components that wear out is little.Another advantage is the reduction in noise. As there are no wheels running along there is no wheel noise. However noise due to air disturbance will still be there.The next advantage is high speed. As there are no frictional contacts, the train is prone to have more speed.Another advantage is that the guide way can be made a lot thicker in uphill places, after stations and so on. This will help in increasing the speed of the train further.Disadvantages of MAGLEVThe initial cost of MAGLEV trains are highly costly. The guide paths are also supposed to be more costly than conventional steel railways.Finally, the environmental benefits are slightly better off with MAGLEV.

MAGLEV

Levitating rail system via magnetsMagnet + Levitation = MAGLEVMagnets are the future of travel by any discipline, this justifies the need for the financial investment.

+ Top speed: 360mph+ Noise reduction+ Environmental Benefits

- Years of installation and engineering needed to improve reliability- Considerable financial investment needed

AGV Italo

Traditional rolling mechanismEuropean train means less adaptation and easier to use in Europe as opposed to take on rights and safety of an Asian train

+ Top speed 358mph+ Safety and reliability

- Financial investment still needed- Environmentally worse off than other choice- Lots of noise from train

AGV Italo is the first train in the AGV Series which entered into service in April 2012. It has a maximum operational speed of 270mphConsidered to be the most modern train in Europe, AGV Italo was built by Alstom. The train currently runs on the Napoli - Roma - Firenze - Bologna - Milano corridor.

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Decision: MAGLEVShanghai Maglev tops the list with its maximum operational speed of 430km/h and average speed of 251kmph. The Maglev started commercial operations in April 2004. It runs on the 30.5km Shanghai Maglev Line, which is the first commercially operated high-speed magnetic levitation line, extending from Longyang Road Station of Metro Line 2 and ending at Shanghai Pudong International Airport.Shanghai Maglev is owned and operated by Shanghai Maglev Transportation Development Co. (SMTDC). The train was constructed by a joint venture of Siemens and ThyssenKrupp.Advantages of MAGLEVThe main advantage is maintenance. There is no contact between the guide way and the train which lessens the number of moving parts. Thus the components that wear out is little.Another advantage is the reduction in noise. As there are no wheels running along there is no wheel noise. However noise due to air disturbance will still be there.The next advantage is high speed. As there are no frictional contacts, the train is prone to have more speed.Another advantage is that the guide way can be made a lot thicker in uphill places, after stations and so on. This will help in increasing the speed of the train further.Disadvantages of MAGLEVThe initial cost of MAGLEV trains are highly costly. The guide paths are also supposed to be more costly than conventional steel railways.Finally, the environmental benefits are slightly better off with MAGLEV.

site visitI feel that it is very important to visit the site that is to be designed on. Partially because it is a large task to propose, but more than anything I can relate to the site and with much more confidence about the possibilities.

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site visitThese pictures are at the furthest point North-East of the Isle of Grain. The floor around this area is incredibly flat aready, i know I would be building outwards and potentially into the ocean. This would be a great outlook for passengers to enjoy.

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layout consideration: Singapore Changi Airport

Singapore Changi International Airport, is the main airport in Singapore. A major aviation hub in Southeast Asia, it is 17.2 km from the commercial centre in Changi, on a 13 square kilometres (3,200 acres) site.This airport serves 60 million passengers per year which is less than half of the goal for the Thames Estuary airport.

Considering the layout of this airport, it has two runways either side of the plane stations and airport building. I beleive that this layout is not the most effective because there is evidently a long obstacle of the building which has to be manouevred around to reach the other sideof the runways, rather than having clear space to move around with a meeting point in the middle, which is what i will experiment with in my deisgns.

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layout consideration: Barajas Airport

Barajas Airport is located in Madrid, Spain/ This airport has three main runways, which have varying angles of entry and exit, all sourcing from the same group area of the central-terminal airport area. This airport serves just under 60 million passengers per year, serving 80 airlines/

Considering the layout of this airport with the plane hubs and servicing pans, I like a lot how from left to right there is an evident, check in zone, boarding zone and a runwat area. However, I suspect that the situation of the direction of these runways were due to restricted land. Considering that I will be building away from the land it seems sensible to build 4 runways all next to each other.

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Location planning: hong kong international airport

A mountain had to be moved to create this airport which shows what can be achieved with today’s technology. Hong kong international airport has a layout of which I am the most fond of, this is, also the highest ranking airport in the world to the previos two considered. This airport has a simple road in and out of the area, featuring a golf course and then featuring a simple entrance and then airport check in area leading to the terminals and runways all parallel. The airport has it’s own island which is the best design solution that I have seen throughout my research.

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land plan

Due to this land that I have selected to build on, people to relocate: according to the grey area to build on,is just under 2,000 according to the 2013 poulation cencus of the amount of people that live in the Isle of Grain. Disrupting these people is something I have to consider and at a later point I will propose a solution to their relocation. On the mao the Key shows the proposed ideas and details for the site.

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Wave-energy generators

Railway lines

Motorway access

wave energy generation researchIt is important to address the concerns of environmental impacts of fossil fuels. Therefore I have cosequently undertaken great depths of research to make sure I have chosen the most efficient and all-round high performing device to transform wave energy into electricity.These generators will be situated along the coastline of the newly built land, upon updates about how these are doing to generate energy, more may be out in place.

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Choice: The Anaconda Wave Energy ConvertorReasons: UK made, benefit of eco-growth. Aesthetically pleasing due to underwater positioning. Impressive energy results when compared to

land plan revision

On this page I have revised the area plan quite a lot and this is my final layout and site before the modelling phase begins. This shows good railway links and car access. The road is now long and runs through, opposing the draft of an idea on the previous page. I have also given space for the hotel, short term parking, long term parking, train station and security.

There are four 4.2km runways as can be seen on the site, inbetween these runways I have designated space for the servicing and storage areas of the aeroplanes.

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Scale: 1km:

Wave-energy generators

Railway linesUnderground railway lines

A roads/roads

Security

Train station

Long term parking

Short term parking

Hotel

Aeroplane storage/service

Runway (4.2km)

Airport

site to build on

This is the site where I am going to design the airport entrance, the measurements are:60m x 35m

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Evolution of the airport as a building

3 combined main elements, consisting of an area for passengers, offices and the air traffic control unit.

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1930s

1950s

1960s

1980s

2000s

20 years later the same layout stands, evolving with more passengers and offices occupying upper levels.

Seperation of offices, arrivals and departures. The air traffic control tower become a self-contained building, as mass increases overall there is now significant space for baggage.

The 1980’s marked the introduction and intergration of dedicated railway stations into airports. All functions were seperated , the control tower, arrivals, departures, offices and hotels were also introduced into sites.

With ever-increasing mass, after the power-crazed Concorde 90’s era, economical and health and safety concerns grew in the 2000’s. Commercial zones, parking and transits received their own areas, hotels and railways get moved away and transportation spans over the distance.

Research is a small two-syllable word that has lots of hidden and sometimes emotional depth, the systematic investigation into study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. It is both a noun and a verb. A practice I will be undertaking a lot in this project in order to reach the ultimate response to this brief. To begin I have chosen to research into the history and evolution of airports spanning over the last century and, when educated, predict with an eager interest of what is to come in the next.

Evolution of the airport as a building interpretation

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After researching the years 1930 to 2000 in airport evolutions I now have a wide range of knowledge of how the scale has increased as well as how facilities have had to be added to conform to the requirements of faster and more efficient global travel, the aim of my project is to create a major international hub of which London lacks and this 2-D vision os my idea of what is next in line, primarily increasing on scale and aesthetics.

2020s

terminal and plan distribution typesIt is important to be wise on the layouts of terminal plans and how it complies with a large aircraft. Each plan consists of a curb and access interface for transitioning into the processing and flight interface stage. After this final stage prior to boarding each aircraft is served upon an apron. Each has it’s own pro’s and con’s, aethetically and functionally.

Linear satellite

pier Transporter

apron

apron

apron

apron

curb curb

curbcurb

access interface access interface

access interface access interface

processing

flight interfaceprocessing

flightinterface

processing

flight interface

processing

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terminal/pier distribution types

terminal with piers

unit terminals with piers

unit terminals

linear terminals

terminal with satellites

terminal and plan distribution types

It is important to be a wise man. Here I have considered all paths of travel to and from the aeroplane. These distinguished transit types will aid me in my airport layout design with more knowledge of airport systems and types of boarding and disembarking that occurs.

We have Transit, which entails a stop on a long flight where baggage is removed from the plane for moments of rest and people possibly leaving and people getting on.We have Arrivals. People who have just gone through the flight and now have arrived at their destination. Just as the departures are entering the plane after filtering throught the airport systems, the arrivals are leaving and about to go through that process.We have Departures, people and baggage going through check ins and security checks, they now board the plane with their cargo in another section of the plane.Finally we have a representation of all traffic, this is where it gets interesting because we can see many complications and crossed lines due to transit needs and changing between stories.

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transit

arrivals

Departures

all traffic

Baggage flow

Passenger flow

baggage theory

baggage in baggage in

baggage out baggage out

baggage sort

baggage reclaim

arrivals concourse

Queuing theory

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input inflow pool queues servicing channels output

Understanding how baggage and queuing functions is important for my airport design. Most of the baggage sorting and redesignating system is thankfully underground so doesn’t interfere with spacial designs or plans. People must go through a system of input and inflow that filtrate through queues and the next check-in, quiosk or service booth waited upon.

To determine how many booths per queue is needed I must know the daily capacity and the target waiting time of each situation.To minimise clustering and disorderly channels I need to consider multiple channels of queuing and also multiple queuing phases. Also to bear in mind is that what conveniently and efficiently makes sense may not be personally pleasing to queue in or nice to see as an entrant. These are all important aspects of managing the customers that I will bear in mind when I come to designing the plans.

styles of queuing

Remembering that to be able to determine how many booths per queue is needed I must know the daily capacity and the target waiting time of each situation. Here I have looked at the different styles of queuing and i have considered mutliple phases on the right and multiple channels on both. I have concluded that the multiple phases are not natural and the multiple channels when as they pass each other whilst waiting for the booth is a good choce and is not to sore on the eye. I have also concluded that it is best to have only one person for privacy and order at the booth and have the transition behind them.

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check-in typologies

check-in typologies

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These check-in typlogies are a creative interpration of how human users could interact checking in to the counter. The filled in white blocks represent the conveyor belts that transport the luggage through the till.So far, the check in typology at the top left of this page is by far my favourite, it gets people through to the next stage of the airport process with no lingering. It is also not too full up or overcrowded, as check-in’s could easily get. The other typologies following are fun and creative but not practical.

check-in typologies

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These check-in typlogies were an exercise of what i could achieve creatively, however if these were to function in my airport there would be much confusing becausse they do not dictate direction travel after this phase of checkin in.

check-in typologies

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These check-in typlogies were an exercise of what i could achieve creatively, however if these were to function in my airport there would be much confusing becausse they do not dictate direction travel after this phase of checkin in. The decision still stand with the box typologies facing the queue as the best all round performer.

henry mooreHenry Moore is a famous sculptor. he has many pieces which are famous and I have used on to draw from observation to improve my 3-D drawing skills to get a shape of curving volume across to the viewer on a 2-D pieee of paper. These scupltures remind me of old bones from boldies. I should really experiment next with the scale that could be used in this, with the overhanging upper element in the middle section being interesting for architecture. I will take an interest into bones and work with them soon in this project after this was a success.

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tHE bARBICAN CENTRE: CURVE EXHIBITION

The Curve exhibition at the Barbican Centre was very interesting, it is a large area of a walkway that is pitch black apart from some lights hanging from the ceiling. However, these lights are very clever, they swing, stop, dim, brighten and change the angle of the light projected as it is intentionally programmed.This installment made me realise what can be achieved when light is experimented and was great to experience.

Everything has a crack in it, that is how the light gets in.

There is no such thing as cold, it is just the absence of heat.

There is no such thing as dark, it is just the absence of light.

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greenwich underground footpath

I found myself at Greenwich underground footpath where it is a dank and dreary place, Underground has been an are of design that I am very interested in, this reminded me of the realities of it and opened my mind to new ideas of long and narrow perspectives. Thus footpath was built in the first half of the 1900’s to serve a function and it still serves the function.

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Experimenting with scale from photographs again, this time the little man is not photoshopped in but he came out on the journey with me. Despite being quite hard to stand up on his own, I like using the physical models because as there are objects behind and infront of him it is a more natural interation symbolising possibilities of my future designs.

kings cross station PERSPECTIVESAt Kings Cross Station I regained my eye for landscape perspectives. The national rail section of the train station has a fabulously long and symmetrical shape. I the photo on the right we can see this one-point perspective, all revolving around the circle opening op to the outdoors and then the middle point.It can also be seen here how everybody in the pictures’ heads are perfectly lined up to the horizon line and their legs drop down according to how close or far away they are. This is only on side of Kings Cross Station, it corresponds to the surrounding architecture of the Victorian era, with a touch of a gothic element to it.

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Cell-associated design experimentation

As a result of much research I became very intrigued by calls and the natural shapes created by these forms of magnified science. By experimenting with Archicad I have created the following building with a functional intent.

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Using the Archicad software I discovered that it is very good for precise measurements but not for fluid architecture forms of which I am interested in a lot. I created this building with the intentions of it potentially being a group training, conselling or meeting area, there is an office and seating area. The possibilities of this program are very exciting considering the strength of measurements that it has. Nature and the landscaping objects used to compliment the structure prove very effective.

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Seeing CAD people interact with this space is very satidfying. I am glad that I have experimented with the many different materials available in this program. These people also show the function in action. I was, however, creatively limited due to the perpendicular nature of this program, however the cell idea and natural forms from magnified cells seems more appealing after this exercise.

chocolate finger modelI had arranged some chocolate fingers in a structural way as you can see from the photographs below. I then went on to draw this out as accurate as I could do, which is also photographed.After I did these two exercises i still felt that I was missing a large part of the possibility of this structure. It is an underground entrance which has an interior fit to the imagination of the viewer, which I like very much as aconcept at this stage. I felt that this structure needed to be less repetitive and more nayural so I traced over it, smoothing the edges and rounding over the lines, effectively melting the structure, but placing my people back in there for scale. A good exercise underataken here as I develop my thoughts from a straight and geometric aproach to smoothness.

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dale chihuly exhibitionVisitting this exhibition where these pieces of art were eing sold for hundreds of thousands of pounds was quite intimidating, however I was interested in the shapes. Dale Chihuly uses glass blowing techniques to create the stunning glass sculptures. They come in all shapes and sizes and immediately wanted to pretend that I had little people in tthe scene.

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Glass sculpture scale sketchI was not allowed to put my 1:200 scale model people on this table so i sat there and drew it from the low down angle instead and sketched in the people, adding in shadow this has turned into a dynamic and different 3D form by switching up the scale roughly 200x and could aid my airport design thought process.

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I then took low down photos of other pieces of work like this sculpture with it’s amazing shapes and colours and left. Putting in these people using my same technique was satisfying as I also blurred out the ones that would not have been in the F stop focus of the real photo.

tate britain: richard deacon exhibition

Tate Britain exhibitted Richard Deacon’s exhibition in the first few months of 2014. Upon entry I saw his sculpture work first-hand, I was satisfied with the shapes on display, however the element of awe at his work is, 2how does he manage to create those shapes with wood”, and because I am a practical person, I could look at this work and instantly detect the processes. A lot of this work is also spontaneous obviously, I am still undecided whether I am a fan of this approach for a final outcome, I think this approach can be very valuable at the right time. I did like some of his clever geometric work, for example the concrete sculpture on the right and the metal diamond-like sculpture on the bottom of this page. However I also felt that these works did not take enough risk or were not on a large enough scale. The only item in this exhibit that I was in awe of was the snake sculpture using stainless steel, machined plywood and resin due to the scale.I think it is important to experience the pieces of art that you are not fond of to then be able to appreciate the work that you are fond of with greater respect.

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The Kengo Kuma installation was my favourite of this visit. a place where I laid down for a long time, with these incense sticks coming out of the ground and capturing light as they reach the roof. This has triggered ideas in my own mind of lights and how they can compliment a structure. Smell has also been a powerful impact on my ideas as it is one of the senses that is addressed less in architecture and design, most of the time we tend to settle for a clean, construction, freshly painted or detergent smell but this is a whole other world of senses. Something that I would enjoy to play with. I tried to find the gaps of the shapes of the incense sticks here with the shapes creating many forms of black.

royal academy of arts: sensing spaces - architecture reimagined

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This room encouraged us to play with the structure. as we entered we received colour straws which we would use with the structure which had a honeycomb effect in plastic, we then poked the straws in somewhere, where we could reach perhaps, showing height, or tying them on to existing dangling straws. I did not see the significance of te MDF chairs in the walkway but perhaps I concluded that they reinforced a sense of scale. This form of play resulted in showing the characters that have walked through this piece. some people poked them where they could reach and others made flowers out of straw in squeezed it in a floorboard, I place my straw on the floor.

royal academy of arts: sensing spaces - architecture reimagined

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Seven architectural practices from six countries and four continents. 23,000 square feet. 72 days. One monumental exhibition. Some of the most creative architectural minds from around the world have come to the RA to give you a new perspective on architecture and transform our Main Galleries with a series of large scale installations.

As you respond to different structures, textures, lighting, scents and colours, we invite you to consider some of the big questions about the nature of architecture; how do spaces make us feel? What does architecture do for our lives?

Cell-associated designAfter visitting these exhibitions I found myself inspired and back in the workshop. Using my scalpol for a model with a hot glue gun, I came acoss this exciting shape which reminded me of a cell but also brought me back to the one piece of work that I was fond of at the Richard Deacon exhibition. This form here was the beginning of my trail of thought leading to my outcome.At the bottom right of this page I have manipulated this photo on Photoshop by warping it and creating an ilusion of movement, I like this a lot and have doubled the amount of lines using this technique and adds to the dynamics of the form.

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I stumbled across some wire tubing on my travels and instantly realised how this could come in useful for a design, this space is an outdoor space which links the whole area together as an escape for potential smokers or a social space. The scale used here is 1:100 as a solid base to start developing from as my site combines a building with an outdoor space to consider.

modelling from metals 1:100 scale

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I took the previous material’s models and shaped them more fluently and dynamically with steeper gradients and even more sweeping curves, this effect is aided by a higher scale of people used. I have now increased the scale to 1:200 for a more totally impressive series of shapes compared to the contrbuting complimentary scenery.

modelling from metals and landscaping 1:200 scale

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plaster of paris sculpturesI decided to try to make a positive out of a negative by using Richard Deacon’s concrete sculpture and recreate it with plaster of paris sculptures. Using acrylic laminate the plaster of paris sets with a very strong straight line and sharp surves. I alos added in some dye to the mix because this is, I think an element of the design process which goes ignored. However as far as a concept goes I think it is wise to see how effective the outcome can be without colour and instead have colour in the back of our minds as an end compliment.

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subsequent modelling 1:200Using these models has been interesting, when I saw the concrete sculpture in tate Britain i was not a fan but it has come to make something very profound. I have teamed these sculptures with a combination of landscaping materials.The scale here is 1:200. I have mocked the site here by creating a road and a building directly off of that, an area alike my designated site for the airport design. I wanted to see what kind of an airport entrance design I could create from these sculptures and it has proved effective with many spaces for shelter and a unique form which I think welcomes people into the building.

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london 2012 Olympic Aquatics centreAfter creating the previous model I was pleased with the progress of the outcome, I wanted to now strive towards a more fluent and fluid style of design. I felt that merging this model with new research would create profound results. It opened my eyes to the opurtunity of a trip that had become available to me.Located in Stratford, designed for the 2012 Olympics by Zaha Hadid’s architectural company. I visitted the opening ceremony of this centre to the public before the opening competition. This building is special due to the detachable stands for the Olympic events. It took many months to remove these extra spectator stands, as the building is now complete with a normal seating capacity fit for typical leisure centre purposes.

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indian ink workI was opened to the fluid ideas of Barry Berhaus after watching some spontaneous YouTube videos by himself. This man takes a pen and a scrumpled up piece of paper and draws from it in seconds.He traces over his works to perfect the forms but I wanted to give it a new go every time, also I was working with Indian ink so I naturally had to wait hours for it to dry. Indian ink is most effective when being confident with a fast, fluent had, using the naturaly long, sweeping stroke of the arm so this is the approach I used. Looking at the paper and drawing the moist poignant forms was a great expressional practice.

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enginspirationAfter the indian ink work I wanted to document some manufactured objects that have a purpose practically and happen to be involuntarilt beautiful at the same time.What better to document than a car. I visitted my friend’s garage where he has a modified Mazda RX-7. I decided that close-up photos were the best for this, resisting the urge to take photos of the whole car I became interested in the parts he had laying around the garage inassembles, especially the exhaust manifold shapes and camshaft inparticular.This research will give me more of a purpose to design with.

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design ideologyAfter feeling that I had now the correct balance between fluid architectural research and sctructured design with a manufacturing purpose, I let my mind free on a page of skecthes of 3D forms to see where my design were leading regarding the building. I did not want to restrict these drawings to a building yet.

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design ideologyOn this page the 3D forms from thee mind continue as I add in new sketches and twist others around for new possibilities. The forms combined from the engine are evident here as well as the fluid forms researched.

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design ideologyThese two main sketches are what I have visioned for the design. In terms of two protruding, sweeping sides of an object this is where I want the design process to go. The next step will be combining these sketches with perhaps more natural inspiration and a consideration of cell structures and then create a concept.

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bonesI have felt a need for inspiration from a more natural source and I have visitted UCL’s Grant Museum of Zoology on my travels to documetn some bone forms. I have presented these bones as I have because the white background is a constant and also if I just document the aspects of the forms that stand out to me then there can be no interference or distraction from the whole section of the skull for example.

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design from bones deologyFollowing the bone research I feel that these skwtches are probably my best yet as I simply let my mind free with the forms, shadows and depths. On the second page I was so happy with them that I began to make them into buildings. These shapes have been a result of all of the research so far and also with a little bit of help from my rapid squiggles below, supplying me with instant and spontaneous ideas.

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design from all research so farI have re-created or drawn again one of the designs from bones of the previous page but with more intent this time towards scale, regarding the people in this sketch. I have again maintaines the up-down-up-down form of this design and have taken the nature of bones into this design. When researching bones, on this page and the last page, it made me realise how there were cracks and creases. These cracks and creases followed the 3D form of the shape and I have tried to re-create this in my design I think successfully so.

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cell associated designNow is the moment I add cell structures, as they fascinate me into the design process. I have seen a nice ‘S’ shape through a DNA cell. This turned into a 2D shape from a few muliplied lines joining up. When I didn’t know how the ‘S’ shape design would turn into a building design, I sketched some wings onto the shape and then sketched what I saw as cells over the confusing part of the design on the page opposite.

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Cell designAfter introducing the circukar cell structure on the previous page i decided to experiment with what these circles would look like in real form. the spheres have sunk into each other convinvingly. To create this I put two circles next to each other and found a meeting point which I rounded off, favouring a side that would then, in turn appear to be infront.

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cell design conceptOn this page I have roughly sketched out the concept That I have in my mind. The lines across the design diagonally will be balls that I will attach onto the structure. These balls will act as bacteria invading the structure from one area and will phase out as they get deeper into the building.

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sketch ideasThese are skwtch ideas of the interior corner space, It is only a first idea of the area but would stand as a section to relax and wait for people before check- in and would have places to sit.

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design ideology

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I drew these sweeping lines as an experiment of lines that are very close together but appear different due to angles of perspective.I like the combination of how there are parallel lines which forma structure but they also have a unique shape to them, as if they have been cut or sanded into and these lines are left exposed. this has given me great confidencec to build the foundations of my design with.

interior constructionFollowing on from the previous page’s inspiration I have tested out this idea on the exterior if my interior section. I have achieved this by scoring the foamboard as can be seen. I summarised that this was a good method to build up a construction with. I also tried to experiment with a slightly green interior section, washed with charcoal effects.

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interior section modelI have concluded that the parallel lines around the model to build the shape up is a very good idea, even more so when combined with the invasion of the balls as cells. The green interior section did not come out great but that would be something to consider at a later stage. I have tried to recreate the shape of the exterior into the interior.

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2d design ElevationsHere I have accurately hand-drawn all of the elevations of my design concept.The idea is that this, as the entrance to the airport would then suitably follow on to the rest of the airport with the same design style if it was to carry on to be developed and designed more on a mass scale. Again, the diagonal marks symbolise the presence of the cell/bacteria invasion and these elevations are effective to get a view from every angle of the vision of the design.

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computer 2D design ElevationsOn this page I have re-created elevations from every side of the design using Adobe Illustrator, Using this program I have been able to create much more accurate representations prior to the physical model. Ther measurements here are in mm, accurate for the 1:1 real-life scale model.The measurements for the 1:1 model are as follows on the left column and because the physical model will be made to a 1:200 scale, the measurements will be divided by 200 and displayed on the right.

Section 1:1 scale (mm) 1:200 scale (mm)

A 24000 120B 12000 60C 6000 30D 3000 15E 30000 150F 48000 240G 6000 30H 54000 270

I know that planning out the model like this will save me a lot of time during the construction process of the model. It will also help it to be as accurate as possible and I can detect any problems before I begin modelling.

54000 = H

48000 = F

30000 = E

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24000mm / 2400cm / 24m = A

12000 = B

*measurements in mm

6000 = C

3000 = D

6000 = G

model construction 1:200Constructing this model I am using paper straws, they have a lot of strength, however, are easily bent from the side so they need support. I have taken the liberty of creating an inside cage to make this structure as strong as possible throughout the modelling process. I am also using paper balls that I have sourced to act as the bacteria invasion. I was excited to find out how my wall ideas turn out as they merge into the paper pulp balls. To construct this model to my design vision I am using a glue bun because I know they can be messy but I work very well with them, creating no mess, using the glue gun in the right way can make a structure incredibly strong.

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Model construction 1:200Just over halfway through the modelling process this is the point where it gets slightly tougher than before, I need to bring the whole model together perfectly, because I have worked from the outside inwards I do not want things to go wrong at this stage. I have been accurately cutting each paper straw with a scalpol at the correct height and angle, then after I have cut it I make sure that the end has not flattened by flaring it back into a circle with my biro.

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finished model 1:200This is my finished model, it has met the expectations of design and sets a great example to design the rest of the airport in this style and with these shapes. The entrance to the airport sets the tone and aura for the rest of the airport to follow suit. If the rest of the airport was built up aswell then the bacteria cells would beautifully spread across other sections. The scale 1:200 people, cars and trees really compliment this structure giving it the realisation it deserves of being a small section of a brave new step in Britain’s aviation management.

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finished model 1:200The sweeping wing around the front of the model was initially supposed to offer shade as I saw that the plaster of paris sculpture model offered many sections of shade , however during the modelling process I saw the oppurtunity to only build a skeleton of this shading area, this way people can freely walk through it and perhaps it shows the structure of the DNA cell with the long, twisting bridges across.

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finished model 1:200The detail of this model is what I love the most on completion. It is very crisp and exact, reflected in the presence of the miniature landscaping models, this final product is to the same standards. The flowing shape welcomes people into the safe surroundings of the airport, it was also a wise choice to construct this model fully in white and not be obstructed by any other colours because this way it keep it pure like a concept should be.

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evaluation

The aviation expansion mission of the UK has been a very tedious topic of debate for the last few years in politics but it has to be done for Britain’s economy sometime and only a scared person would believe otherwise or delay it further. I believe I researched heavily, maybe too heavily in some cases, comparing to the design process, however the researching was very enjoyable to myself and it did all turn out to be valuable to my design. A lot of research had been carried out regarding things that I did not design, for example the lengths of the runways being 4.2km or the most suitable train for the high-speed railway suggestions, however, adding these proposals take the project into a project that is not just supported by the foundations that is covers, but by the country as a whole so that this ide is not one that is merely glanced at and dismissed, but is supported by the surrounding industries, supplying jobs for the masses. The correct lengths for runways, sourcing aesthetically pleasing renewable energy source generators that are made in the UK, considering all of the facilities that need space to accomodate for in a large airport are all due to vast amounts of research that strengthens this project. As my final model was supported and held up strong by the frame I built up internally, these research considerations support the whole aviation extension mission in the same way. Using my graphic abilities to an advantage, it was important to map out the directions of travel of people checking in and giving over their bags. Presenting these functions of the 2D interior was important for me to understand how an airport works. All of my research and trips carried out made me a wiser designer, more aware to economical effects and transport defecits, problems handled in everyday life that can be overcome with ideas. All of my designs were an accumulation of these activities, as I began the design process, I would look back on my designs and judge if it was going in the direction of my vision. If not, I would plan a trip to gather more information or get influence of shapes from nature, or mechanical components. This process went on and on until, balanced with needs of space and scale, I achieved on paper, something that I was happy to make or develop further. I feel that as a result of these trips and research I now have a better vision, my drawing skills have increased greatly as I can now think of an object in my head and draw it from different sides, using pencils to get across 3D forms on paper. Physical modelling is where I have enjoyed this project the most, after lots of designs and research to make the physical outcome is a joy. I believe this went very well in my project, using the correct equipment was very important, such as scalpols with sharp blades, mechanical pencils with F lead sticks in them all help to achieve a high quality final outcome. If I was to undertake this project again I would focus more on the interior functions after having researched and graphicaly presenting queues etcetera, however, this would require designing more than the opening section of the airport.

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a2 interior & 3d designjames robert bazunlinkedin/in/bazun

b, james unit 3 may 14

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