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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The completion of any project brings with it a sense of satisfaction, but it is never

complete without thanking those people who made it possible and whose constant support has

crowned our efforts with success.

We would like to express our gratitude to Prof. A.K. Nadir, Head of the

Department, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Lingayas Inst i tu te of

Management And Technology , for encouraging and inspiring us to carry out the project in

the department lab.

We would also like to thank our Project Guides Mrs.Ruqiah Khanam(Asst. Professor)

for her expert guidance, encouragement and valuable suggestions at every step of the project.

We also would like to thank all the staff members of EEE dept. for providing us with

the required facilities and support towards the completion of theproject.

We are extremely happy to acknowledge and express our sincere gratitude to our

parents fortheirconstant support and encouragement and last but not the least, friends and

well wishers for their help and cooperation and solutions to problems during the course of

the project.

Also our friends at 8051projects.netwho provided solutions at times when we were

against the wall in need ofhelp.

ABSTRACT

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CONTENTS

NAME OF THE C H APTER PAGE NO.

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 CURRENT SCENARIO.2

1.1.1 MANUAL SETUP..2

1.1.2 PARTIALLY AUTOMATED SETUP...21.1.3 FULLY AUTOMATED SETUP.....3

1.2 PROBLEM DEFINITION....3

1.3 PROPOSED MODEL FOR AUTOMATION OF GREENHOUSE...4

2. SYSTEM MODEL

2.1 BASIC MODEL OF THE SYSTEM.......6

2.2 PARTS OF THE SYSTEM..7

2.3 STEPS FOLLOWED IN DESIGNING THE SYSTEM..7

3. BASIC THEORY

3.1 LIFE PROCESSES INSIDE A GREENHOUSE

3.1.1 PHOTOSYNTHETIC PROCESS..10

3.1.2 TRANSPIRATION.....11

4. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

4.1 TRANSDUCERS

4.1.1 LIGHT SENSOR

4.1.1.1 FEATURES ...14

4.1.1.2 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ..16

4.1.3 HUMIDITY SENSOR

4.1.3.1 ---------------17

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4.1.3.2 FUNCTIONAL ---------------18

4.1.4 TEMPERATURE SENSOR

4.1.4.1 ----------------19

4.1.4.2 FUNCTIONAL ----------------20

4.2 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER (ADC 0809)

4.2.1 ----------------21

4.2.2 ----------------21

4.2.3 CONVERSION METHOD ----------------22

4.2.4 PIN DIAGRAM OF ADC ----------------23

4.2.5 SELECTING AN ANALOG ----------------23

4.3 MICROCONTROLLER

4.3.1 CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING A ----------------26

4.3.2 ----------------26

4.3.3 ----------------27

4.3.4 PIN ----------------28

4.3.5 BLOCK ----------------29

4.3.6 PIN ----------------30

4.3.7 SPECIAL FUNCTION ----------------32

4.3.8 MEMORY ----------------32

4.4 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY..35

4.4.1 SIGNALS TO THE LCD..............36

4.4.1.1 LOGIC STATUS ON THE CONTROL LINES.35

4.4.1.2 WRITING AND READING DATA FROM THE LCD.36

4.4.2 PIN DESCRIPTION...........37

4.5 RELAYS.............38

4.6 POWER SUPPLY CONNECTION.....40

5. SYSTEMS USED IN WORKMODE

5.1 DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING SOIL MOISTURE.43

5.2 ARTIFICIAL GROWING LIGHTS FOR CONTROLLING ILLUMINATION.......44

5.3 HEATERS AND FANS FOR CONTROLLING TEMPERATURE

5.3.1 COOLING EQUIPMENT..45

5.3.2 HEATING EQUIPMENT..45

5.4 HUMIDIFICATION SYSTEMS46

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6. SOFTWARE

6.1 INTRODUCTION TO KEIL SOFTWARE

6.1.1 WHAT IS Vision3?............................................................................................48

6.1.2 STEPS FOLLOWED IN CREATING AN APPLICATION IN Vision3.48

6.1.3 DEVICE DATABASE....53

6.1.4 PERIPHERAL SIMULATION..53

6.2 ProLoad PROGRAMMING SOFTWARE..53

7. FLOWCHART AND PROGRAMMING

7.1 FLOWCHART REPRESENTING THE WORKING OF THE SYSTEM.....56

7.2 FLOWCHART FOR LCD INITIALIZATION..........57

7.3 FLOWCHART FOR ADC INITIALIZATION..59

7.4 FINAL PROTOTYPE..61

7.5 PROGRAMMING...63

8. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

8.1 ADVANTAGES74

8.2 DISADVANTAGES.74

9. FUTURE SCOPE...76

10. BILLS OF MATERIALS

10.1 BILLS OF MATERIALS.78

10. CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION.81I. REFERENCES.....82

.

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LIST OF FIGURES

I. Figure 2.1 Block diagram of the system..6

II. Figure 3.1 Block diagram ofphotosynthesis..10

III. Figure 3.2

Transpiration.12

IV. Figure 4.1 Light Dependent Resistor.14

V. Figure 4.2 Structure of a Light Dependent Resistor.....15

VI. Figure 4.3 Light sensorcircuit......16

VII. Figure 4.4 HIH-4000-001 Humidity sensor...17

VIII. Figure 4.5 Humidity sensorcircuit.18

IX. Figure 4.6 LM35 temperature

sensor.19

X. Figure 4.7 Temperature sensorcircuit...20

XI. Figure 4.8 Getting data from the analog world.21

XII. Figure 4.9 Block diagram of ADC 080922

XIII. Figure 4.10 Pin diagram of ADC 0809...23

XIV. Figure 4.11 ADC 0809 pin details for the system...24

XV. Figure 4.12 Timing diagram of ADC 0809...25

XVI. Figure 4.13 Pin diagram ofAT89S52..28

XVII. Figure 4.14 Block diagram of the microcontroller..29

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XVIII. Figure 4.15 Internal memoryblock33

XIX. Figure 4.16 Address locations for a 2x16 line LCD....36

XX. Figure 4.17 Pin diagram of 2x16 line LCD....37

XXI. Figure 4.18 Sugar Cube Relay...38

XXII. Figure 4.19 Circuit symbols ofrelays..39

XXIII. Figure 4.29 +5V Power supply circuit40

XXIV. Figure 5.1 Drip irrigation system.43

XXV. Figure 6.1 Window for choosing the target device..49

XXVI. Figure 6.2 Project workspacepane.50

XXVII. Figure 6.3 Project options dialog.......50

XXVIII. Figure 6.4 Save All and Build All Target Filesbuttons.50

XXIX. Figure 6.5 Vision3 Debugger window.

.51

XXX. Figure 6.6 Reset, Run and Step into options..52

XXXI. Figure 6.7 Programming window..54

XXXII. Flowcharts.56-60

XXXIII. Final Prototype.61-62

XXXIV. Block Diagram of the System..41

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