Atoms

Atoms are the smallest particles or building blocks of matter.

Atoms are too small to see with a compound light microscope, however new technology allows scientists to produce images of atoms.

A field ion microscope image of a tungsten surface taken by Erwin Müller, the inventor of the field ion microscope.

What are atoms?

How do scientists know atoms exist?

There are three main parts to the atom: protons, neutrons and electrons.

The center of the atom, or nucleus, consists of two parts: the protons (positively charged) and the neutrons (neutrally/no charged).

Traveling in orbits (paths/clouds/ shells) around the nucleus are electrons (negatively charged).

What are the three main parts of the atom?

Where are protons and neutrons located in an atom?

Where are the electrons located in an atom?

Periodic Table

Matter that is made of only one kind of atom is an element.

The periodic table is an organized grouping of the elements – Mendeleyev.

What is an element?

What is an organized grouping of the elements?

http://www.rsc.org/chemsoc/visualelements/PAGES/pertable_fla.htm

Some facts about atoms that are found on the periodic table:

• The name of the element

• The symbol of the element

•Elements in the same column are said to be in the same Family. They share some of the same traits.

• The row number that the element is in tells the number of orbits. Elements in the same Period(row) have the same number of orbits.

•The atomic number tells the number of protons in the nucleus.

• Since an atom has a neutral charge, the number of electrons is the same as the number of protons.

• Subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass(the total number of particles in the nucleus) will give you the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

What are some facts about the periodic table?

• solid, liquid, or gas

• metal, metalloid, or non-metal

• synthetic – made in a laboratory

• transition, inner-transition element

• radioactive

• unknown element

• noble gas

• Ionic charge

What are some more facts about the periodic table?

Hydrogen Hydrogen Isotope

Protons – 1

Electrons – 1

Neutrons – 0

Orbits - 1

An isotope is an element with the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons.

Protons – 1

Electrons – 1

Neutrons – 1

Orbits - 1

What is an isotope?