matter is made of atoms. introduction to matter. atoms an ___________is the smallest basic unit of...
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MATTER IS MADE OF ATOMS.INTRODUCTION TO MATTER
Atoms
• An ___________is the smallest basic unit of ________________. – Atoms are too small to be seen, but we can see
large collections of atoms, such as people. – Atoms are so small that they cannot even be seen
with a strong optical microscope.
Molecules
• When two or more atoms ______together, they make a particle called a _______________.
• A molecule can be made of __________numbers and types of atoms.
• A molecule is the smallest amount of a __________made of combined atoms that is considered to be that substance.
Atoms are always in motion.
• Regardless of the state of matter, atoms are always ____________.
• Atoms move the most freely in the _________state and the least freely in the _________state.
Atoms in the Solid State
Atoms are very close together and vibrating off each other
Atoms in the liquid state are free flowing
Atoms in the Gaseous State are fast moving
MATTER COMBINES TO FORM DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES.
INTRODUCTION TO MATTER
Matter can be pure or mixed.
• Most of the substances around you are ______________. – Examples: paper, lemonade
• A ________substance has only one type of component. A substance is considered pure if it contains only _______type of atom or single combination of atoms.
Matter makes up substances.
• ______________ are mixtures of a particular type. Elements, compounds, and mixtures are all substances.
Elements
• An ___________is a substance that contains only a singe type of ________.
• The __________of atoms does not matter as long as they are all the same type.
• Elements ___________be separated into other substances. – Examples: gold, silver, helium, oxygen
Compounds
• A _______________is a substance that consists of two or more different types of atoms ___________together. – Example: Table salt is a compound because it is
made of sodium and chlorine.
H2O
CO2
NaCl
Mixtures
• A __________is a combination of different substances that remain the same individual substances and can be separated by ____________means. – Example: A bowl of apples, oranges, and bananas
can be separated by physically removing them from the bowl.
Pictures from Chem 4 kids
Comparing Mixtures and Compounds
Mixtures Compounds
Parts of a Mixture
• Homogenous Mixtures – when substances are _______spread throughout a mixture.– Examples: mixing sugar into a cup of water,
homogenized milk• Heterogeneous Mixtures – when substances
are _______evenly spread throughout a mixture– Examples: soil, salsa
Homogeneous Mixture
• “Homo” means the same • has the same uniform appearance and
composition throughout; maintain one phase (solid, liquid, gas)
• Commonly referred to as solutions• Example:
Salt WaterNotice the
uniformappearance
Solution
• a mixture of two or more substances that is identical throughout
• can be physically separated• composed of solutes and solvents
the substance in the smallest amount and the one that dissolves in the solvent
the substance in the larger
amount that dissolves the solute
Colloids (milk, fog, jello) are considered solutions
Iced Tea Mix(solute)
Water(solvent)
Iced Tea(solution)
Salt water is considered a
solution. How
can it be physically separated?
Heterogeneous Mixture
• “Hetero” means different• consists of visibly different substances
or phases (solid, liquid, gas) • a suspension is a special type of
heterogeneous mixture of larger particles that eventually settle
• Example:
Trail Mix
Notice thevisibly
differentsubstance
s
Suspensions Properties
• Suspensions separate into layers over time• Particles are larger than those in a solutions• Examples: Sand in water, muddy water, salad
Homogenous or Heterogeneous?
Homogenous or Heterogeneous?
Homogenous or Heterogeneous?
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Copper
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
CopperCu
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Table Sugar
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Table Sugar
C 12H 22O 11
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Diamond
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
DiamondC
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Salt
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
SaltNaCl
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Neon Gas
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Neon GasNe
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Pure Water
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Pure WaterH 2O
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Aluminum
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
AluminumAl
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Silver
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
SilverAg
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Sand
Element, Compound, or Mixture?
Sand