Task 4 : Ways to reduce air pollution in Kuala Lumpur.

Air pollution is one of the main environmental issues nowadays. There are many

reasons behind regularly increasing this air pollution. What is air pollution? Air pollution is a

mixture of natural and man-made substances in the air we breathe. It is typically separated into

two categories; outdoor air pollution and indoor air pollution. Outdoor air pollution involves

exposures that take place outside of the built environment for examples include fine particles

produced by the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum. Next, indoor air pollution

involves exposures to particulates, carbon oxides, and other pollutants carried by indoor air or

dust. For examples include gases such as tobacco smoke and gases such as carbon monoxide,

radon.

Besides, In 1997 was not a vintage year for Malaysia. Not only was the country battered

by the Asian financial crisis, it also had to deal with an air pollution disaster. At its height, the

1997 smog covered about 3,000 square kilometres of Southeast Asia. Malaysia was particularly

badly affected, with Sarawak recording some of the highest air pollution scores of all time. Being

there at the time posed a similar health danger to smoking several packets of cigarettes a day.

Next, Eight years later, the haze hit again, this time concentrated mainly on Peninsular

Malaysia. Health officials warned citizens in Kuala Lumpur to stay indoors, with their doors and

windows closed. The situation was even worse in Port Klang, where a state of emergency was

declared. As in 1997, the haze was blamed on a combination of factors, including forest fires in

Indonesia.

The main cause air pollution in Kuala Lumpur is because open burning in Indonesia.

Riau, the centre of the world’s largest palm-oil industry, experiences thousands of fires each dry

season as farmers clear land to make way for agricultural expansion. Smoke from forest fires

has caused more than 28,000 people in the province to suffer from various respiratory

problems, said the Antara news agency. Besides, burning fossil fuels, which the Malaysian

government does next to nothing to control. Sulfur dioxide emitted from the combustion of fossil

fuels like coal, petroleum and other factory combustibles is one the major cause of air pollution.

Pollution emitting from vehicles including trucks, jeeps, cars, trains, airplanes cause immense

amount of pollution. We rely on them to fulfill our daily basic needs of transportation. But, there

overuse is killing our environment as dangerous gases are polluting the environment. Carbon

Monooxide caused by improper or incomplete combustion and generally emitted from vehicles

is another major pollutant along with Nitrogen Oxides, that is produced from both natural and

man made processes.

Furthermore, the release smoke from factories in sigapore one of the causes air

pollution in Kuala Lumpur. Factory processes involve varied combinations of cleaning, painting

and heating, while other raw material or appliance treatments release volatile organic

compounds into the atmosphere. These are carbon- or hydrocarbon-based chemicals that

quickly evaporate in the air. In the presence of sunlight, they react with other air pollutants like

sulfur or nitrogen oxides from vehicle exhausts to create peroxyacetyl nitrates, commonly known

as photochemical smog. This looks like a thick brown haze and can linger for days or weeks

over urban centers. In addition, smoking cigarette. it is not only smoking that causes harm to the

environment; cigarette manufacturing processes can also damage the environment extensively.

From deforestation to environmental run-off associated with tobacco growing processes, the

environment is damaged every day by the tobacco industry. By choosing to smoke, you are

choosing to support this environmental damage.

So ways to reduce air pollution in Kuala Lumpur is use public mode of transportation.

government must encourage people to use more and more public modes of transportation to

reduce pollution. Also, try to make use of car pooling. If you and your colleagues come from the

same locality and have same timings you can explore this option to save energy and money.

Besides, whenever possible, try to travel by public transports. This helps in two ways, prevents

air pollution and increases public income. Next, if you are going to a nearby place, go by

walking or use bicycle, instead of using your vehicle. The objective is to minimize the use of

fuels, as far as possible. Besides, we must switch off the lights, fans, air conditioners,

televisions, and other appliances, when not in use. You can also share a room with others when

the air conditioner or fan is on, instead of switching them on in every room. Next, use energy

efficient devices: CFL lights consume less electricity as against their counterparts. They live

longer, consume less electricity, lower electricity bills and also help you to reduce pollution by

consuming less energy.

Conclusion, as we know air is the most important need of living things. When it becomes

polluted, the life of humans, plants and animals will be in danger. Air pollution means the

presence of harmful substances in the air which impure our environment. Air Pollution gives rise

to serious health hazards and responsible for various types of life threatening diseases. Hence it

is utmost important that proper attention should be given in controlling and minimizing those

activities which causes this pollution and also appropriate restriction should be put in place in

using those means which contributes towards it. So, save our environment from any pollutions

that can damage living things life.

Bibliografi.

Green. (2013). Malaysia's Air Pollution Calls For State Of Emergency As Indonesia

Continues Smoking. Retrieved 29/8/2015 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/06/23/Malay

-air-pollution-2013_n_3484964.html/.

Health Care. (2015). Benefits of Sports. Retrieved 1/9/2015 from

http://www.muhealth.org/services/pediatrics/conditions/adolescent-medicine/benefits-of-sports/.

South China Morning Post. (2014). Air quality in Kuala Lumpur plummets amid forest

fires. Retrieved 29/8/2015 from http://www.scmp.com/news/asia/article/1440517/air-quality-

kuala-lumpur-plummets-amid-forest-fires.

Giz. (2002 ). Air pollution control for Malaysian cities: transport and industry. Retrieved

28/8/2015 from https://www.giz.de/en/worldwide/17653.html.

Task 4 : Essay Writing