arthropods chapter 13 section 3. arthropods jointed appendages, bilateral symmetry segmented...
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ArthropodsChapter 13 Section 3
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Arthropods Jointed appendages, Bilateral symmetry Segmented bodies Exoskeleton Body cavity Digestive system with two openings Nervous sytsem MOST have separate sexes (not
hermaphrodites)
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Arthropods Some many segments, others have
fused segments forming body regions
A hard, thick, outer covering called an exoskeleton covers, supports, and protects the arthropod, it is shed and replaced occasionally in a process called molting
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Insects 3 body regions
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Insect body regions An insect’s head has a pair of antennae,
eyes, and a mouth The thorax has three pairs of legs; if the
insect has wings, they are attached to the thorax
The abdomen contains reproductive structures and an open circulatory system; insects obtain air and release waste gases through openings called spiracles
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Metamorphosis Series of body changes as insects
become adults
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Incomplete metamorphosis Egg, nymph adult
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Complete metamorphosis Egg, larva, pupa, adult
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Metamorphosis Insects eat plants, blood of animals,
nectar, decaying materials, wood, and clothes; mouth parts are diverse and adapted to diet
Insects are successful due to their exoskeletons, ability to fly, rapid reproductive cycles and small sizes
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Arachnids Spiders and ticks have two body regions
(the cephalothorax and abdomen), four pairs of legs, and no antennae
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Scorpions Sharp, poison-filled stinger at the end of
their abdomen
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Spiders Inject their prey with enzymes to digest
it.
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Mites and Ticks Generally parasites; ticks often carry
diseases
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Centipedes and millipedes Long bodies with many segments, many
legs, antennae, and simple eyes
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Crustaceans Crabs, shrimp, and barnacles have one
or two pairs of antennae and mandibles for crushing food
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What arthropods can do! Food source Aid in agriculture, important part of
ecological communities in which humans live
BAD Some are pests that carry disease or
damage property
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Insecticides Can kill insects, but cause other
environmental problems; biological methods for controlling insects are being developed
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Arthropod fossils Some fossils are more than 500 million
years old
Probably evolved from a segmented worm ancestor.