Arteries of lower extremitySuperior gluteal artery:•Branch of posterior div. of internal iliac artery•Enters the gluteal region through greater sciatic foramen passing above the piriformis.•In the foramen it divides into superficial & deep branches.•Superficial branch supplies gluteus max.•Deep branch subdivides into sup. & inf. branches

Arteries of gluteal region Inferior gluteal artery • Branch of ant. Div. of internal iliac artery• Enters gluteal region by passing through greter sciatic foramen

below the piriformis. It Supplies • Musular branches• Cutaneous branches to buttock & back of thigh• Articular branch to hip joint• Artery to sciatic nerve• Cruciate anastamotic branch• Coccygeal branch

Arteries of gluteal region

Internal pudendal artery• Branch of ant. Div of internal iliac artey• Enters gluteal region through greater sciatic

foramen

Trochanteric anastomosisThis anastomosis is a channel of communication

between internal iliac and femoral arteries. Situated near the trochanteric fossa• Supplies branches to head of femur• Inf. Div. of deep branch of sup. Gluteal artery• Ascending branch of medial circumflex femoral

artery• Ascending branch of lateral circumflex femoral

artery• Often the inf. Gluteal artery

Cruciate anastomosis• Situated at the level of lesser trochanter of

femur Formed by• Inferior gluteal artery• Medial femoral circumflex artery• Lateral femoral circumflex artery• First perforating artery, a branch of profunda

femoris artery

Profunda femoris• Largest branch of femoral artery• Main artery of all three compartments of

thigh• Arises from lateral side of femoral artery 4cm

below the inguinal ligament• Branches:• Medial circumflex femoral artery• Lateral circumflex femoral artery• 4 perforating arteries

Profunda femoris & its branches

Popliteal artery• Continuation of femoral artery• Begins at the opening in the adductor magnus• Runs downwards &laterally to reach lower

border of popliteus• At that point it terminates by dividing into ant.

&post. Tibial arteries• Branches• Muscular : supply adductor magnus &

hamstrings ,terminate by anastomosing with 4th perforating artery

Popliteal artery

• Cutaneous: accompany small saphanous vein• Genicular: 5 in number • 2 superior: medial & lateral superior genicular

arteries• 2 inferior: medial & lateral inferior genicular

arteries• 1 middle

Anterior tibial artery• Smaller terminal branch • Passes into ant. Compartment by passing through gap

in the upper part of interosseous membrane• Deep in the upper part of course• Supply adjacent muscles• Superficial in the lower part• passes behind the extensor retinaculum, has

ext.hallucis longus tendon on its medial side and deep peroneal nerve and extensor digitorum longus on its lateral side

• On entering the ankle region it becomes dorsalis pedis artery

Anterior tibial artery

• Branches• Muscular branches• Anastomotic branches with branches of other

arteries around knee and ankle joint• Vanea commitantes of anterior tibial artery

joins with those of posterior tibial artery in the popliteal fossa to form popliteal vein

Dorsalis pedis artery• It terminates by passing downward into the sole

between the two heads of 1st dorsal interosseous muscle

• Joins lateral planter artery to form planter arch• Branches1) Lateral tarsal artery2) Arcuate artery (gives off dorsal metatarsal

artery)3) 1st dorsal metatarsal artery

Posterior tibial artery Branches• Peroneal artery• Muscular branch• Nutrient artery to tibia• Anastomotic branch• circumflex fibular branch• malleolar branch• calcaneal branch• terminal branches• Medial & lateral planter arteries

Medial planter artery gives off muscular to the adjoining muscles 3 small superficial digital branches lateral planter artery larger terminal branch ends at the base of 5th metatarsal bone by

continuing with planter arch branches1) muscular branches 2)superficial branches supplying skin & 3)anastomotic branches4) Calcaneal branch

Planter arch• Formed by direct continuation of lateral planter

artery.• Completed medially by dorsalis pedis artery• Extends from base of 5th metatarsal bone to the

proximal part of 1st intermetatarsal space• Lies between 3rd & 4th layer of sole• Accompanied by vanea commitantes & deep

branch of lateral planter nerve

Planter arch

• Branches• 4 planter metatarsal arteries• 3 proximal perforating arteries• Communicate with the dorsal metatarsal

arteries (branches of arcuate artery)• Distal end of each planter metatarsal artery

gives of distal perforating artery