art of japan elegance, wit, asymmetry. japan had periods of isolation and periods of trade with...
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•Japan had periods of isolation and periods of trade with Korea and China.
•Various forms of Buddhism became very popular in Japan, especially Zen Buddhism.
•Japanese were influenced by Chinese ink scroll paintings
•One of the best preserved continuous artistic traditions in the world.
Buddhism came to Japan during early 6th century BCE, from Korea & China (Asuka Period).
Originally Buddhism was Mahayana form, w/ many buddhas and bodhisattivas. Adopted as state religion, yet existed side by side with Shinto, a nature based religion.
This ink painting from the early 14th century illustrates a Zen Buddhist monk sewing.
Monk Sewing, Kao Ninga
Zen monks lived in monasteries, not wandering around preaching … they took ordinary live activities, such as sewing or working in a garden, as a form of meditation. This cultural philosophy still exists today in Japan.
Innovative wood sculpture by Kosho shows practice of Pure Land Buddhist chanting. Monks traveled around
Kuya Preaching, Kosho, 1207
Sculpture shows Pure Land monk traveling around chanting.. Tiny Buddhas coming out his mouth to represent the 6 syllables of the chang
Na-mu-AmidaBudu
Phoenix Hall, Kyoto prefecture, Temple dedicated to phoenix and Amida Buddhism. Heia period, 1053 CE, example of Pure Land Buddhist temple. Pure Land Buddhism came to pominence.. New form, you can reach paradise through faith alone. Chinese influence in roofs and stone base. Water is part of design.
Himeii Castle, Momovama Period, 1601.. Portuguese explorers arrived in Japan w/new weapons. Fortified castles became norm to defend against cannons, etc.
The Momovma Period
Warriors, graceful design
& SHOIN architecture
Kano Fusuma, ink and gold on folding screens, Momovama period, 1563-73 Kano school of decorative murals in temples and castles.. Pine = life, plum = sprint
Edo Period-FOCUS
• Tokugawa Ieyasu became Shogun
• Period of peace and prosperity
• Artwork, wood block prints, still beloved today
• 4 classes: samurai, farmers, artisans, merchants
• Widespread literacy - arts flourished
Hokusai was influenced by Western painting, studied Dutch landscapes
Did daily scenes and 36 views of Mt. Fuji
Credited with being first “manga’ (sketch) artist.. Influenced later generations of manga & anime designers
Hokusai and Manga
Link between anime & shinto religion, ukiyo-e prints
Hokusai - Influential Japanese Painter & Printmaker in Edo Period
The Great Wave, Katsushika Hokusai, woodblock print on paper, Edo period, 1831, 10” x 14” approx. Part of Mt. Fuji series; not considered art in Japan as widely produced; very popular in the West. Influenced Western art such as Impressionism.
Personification of nature, 1st tiem landscape became major theme in prints
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Sudden View on a Clear day, Katsushika Hokusai, woodblock print on paper, Edo period, Part of Mt. Fuji series; - 36 views of Mt. fFuji.. He studied Dutch landscapes
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Geisha as Daruma Crossing the Sea
Suzuki Harunobu
One of 1st uki-o-ye wood block prints using colors, simplified lines, and showing GENRE theme
Edo period mid 18th century
Harunobu showed refined views of women in daily pursuits, small feet and hands, delicate drapery, and diagonal compositions
UKI-YO-E means “floating World”
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The Eight Fold Bridge, Ogata Kensan, Edo period. Combines painting, poetry, and calligraphy. Illustrates bridge from 10th century Tales of Ise, about a courtier who writes a poem with the 5 syllables meaning ‘Iris” because he missed Kyoto
What other culture combined painting, poetry and calligraphy?
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Asakura Jo (Old Man)
Carved wooden maks, Edo period
Noh masks such as this one are highly acclaimed in Japan.
Used in drama and religious rituals, delicately carved wooden masks that reveal the emotions of a character
NOH IS A TYPE OF DRAMA
MASKS FOR MEN SHOW MORE EXPRESSIONS, WOMEN’S MORE BEAUTY
Flashcard- what a No mask is
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Daruma, Ink paintings from Edo period, by Hakuin Ekkaku
•Portrays legendary Indian founder of Zen Buddhism Darma askBodhittarma.
•Introduced from China in 12th century,Zen powerful force in Japanese literary and pictorial arts.
•Hakuin was a Zen monk, took up painting as a spiritual exercise and for Buddhist teachings.
•Reductive, simple style with convincing evocation of the intensity of Daruma’s meditations
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Dharma, by Ekkaku Bodhidharma
Ink Paintings of Founder of Zen Buddhism, by Ekkaku of Edo Period
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Lacquer Writing boxes are still popular today.. These 2 are from Edo period
Read about these in your book or take notes in class presentations
Tea Ceremonies are still an important part of Japanese culture
Simple, minimalist ritual
Enter through a low doorway to symbolize humility
Private setting,.. Floor mats of woven straw, simplicity & delicacy
Sit on floor in small pace
Purity, harmony, respect, and tranquility
Purification ritual of handwashing (Shinto connection)
Handmade tea vessels very important
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Rock Garden, Kyota, Muromachi period c. 1480. Much admired for simplicity. Rocks sometimes thought to be islands, animals, etc. Shows influence of Zen. Sands raked in designs. Nowater, but rocks and sand suggest water. Contemplation, reflection, rejuvenation key in Japanese philosophy. Shintoism - wood & stone. FLASHCARD KNOW ABOUT ROCK GARDENS