ArchitectureSchool of

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School of Architecture

Chair:Michael N. Lykoudis

Frank Montana Chair in Architecture:Carroll William Westfall

Professors:Robert L. Amico; Norman A. Crowe; DennisP. Doordan (on leave 2002-03); Michael N.Lykoudis; Thomas Gordon Smith

Associate Professors:Richard Economakis (on leave 2002-03);Paloma Pajares; John W. Stamper; Duncan G.Stroik; Samir Younés

Assistant Professors:Victor Deupi; Barbara Kenda; DinoMarcantonio

Visiting Assistant Professors:Braulio Casas; Michael Djordjevitch; FrankHuderwitz; Ettore Mazzola; Michael Mesko;Richard Piccolo

Professional Specialist:Robert J. Brandt; Rev. R.S. Bullene, C.S.C.; AlDeFrees; Giovanna Lenzi-Sandusky

Program of Studies. The study of architecturehas a long and distinguished history at the Univer-sity of Notre Dame. Courses in architecture weretaught at the University as early as 1869, and theSchool of Architecture has offered formal instruc-tion since 1898. The school offers a five-year pro-gram leading to the degree of bachelor of archi-tecture. The program is accredited by the NationalArchitectural Accrediting Board, and the curricu-lum conforms to NAAB requirements for the pro-fessional degree in architecture.

Since the early 1990s, the school’s curriculumhas been based on education in traditional andclassical architecture and urbanism. Instructionteaches the skills, cultivates the talents, and impartsthe knowledge necessary to produce buildings thatuse nature’s materials responsibly and contribute toa just and charitable society. The school believesthis is best done by learning how recurring prob-lems in designing and constructing buildings andfitting them into existing urban and rural settingshave been addressed in the past and adapting thoselessons to the ever-changing circumstances of themodern world.

The goals of the curriculum include developingcompetence in the design of individual buildings,understanding the relationship between individualbuildings and their physical and cultural contexts,and recognizing the ethical dimensions of the pro-fessional practice of architecture. Architects play aprimary role in shaping the built environment andhave a professional responsibility to do so in amanner that contributes to the civil life of society.Their work must also help to renew and sustain theintegrity of the natural world and promote socialwelfare.

While the primary objective of the curriculumis professional education, students have opportuni-ties to explore fields such as business, engineering,environmental sciences, and the liberal arts throughelectives during fourth and fifth years of study.

Most states require that an individual intendingto become an architect hold an accredited degree inarchitecture. There are two types of degrees that areaccredited by the NAAB: (1) the bachelor of archi-tecture, which requires a minimum of five years ofstudy, and (2) the master of architecture, whichrequires a minimum of three years of study follow-ing an unrelated bachelor’s degree or two yearsfollowing a related preprofessional bachelor’s de-gree. These professional degrees are structured toeducate those who aspire to registration/licensure asarchitects.

In addition to the first professional degree ofbachelor of architecture, the school offers a firstprofessional degree program at the master’s level.The degree program is for graduate students whoseundergraduate degree involved a four-year major inarchitecture. The school also offers a post-profes-sional master’s degree in either classical buildingdesign or urban design for the student who alreadyholds a first professional degree in architecture ateither the bachelor’s or master’s level.

A concentration in furniture design is also anoption within the first professional degree program.Required courses for the concentration are ARCH481, Beginning Furniture; ARCH 482, AdvancedFurniture Design; ARCH 583, Special Studies inFurniture Design; ARCH 584, Special Studies inFurniture Design 2; and either AMST 258, TheArts in America or AMST 484, Material Culture inAmerica. (Either of the last two courses will satisfya portion of the University history requirement.)

Both the undergraduate and graduate programsat Notre Dame take advantage of the school’s prox-imity to Chicago. In addition, all third-year stu-dents spend the academic year in the school’s RomeStudies Center in Italy. All graduate students spenda spring semester there. Some limited scholarshipaid is available for the additional expenses incurredin Rome.

The initial phase of undergraduate architecturalstudy is devoted to acquiring basic design and tech-nical skills and developing an understanding ofarchitectural concepts by learning canonical formsof classical architecture and manipulating them indesign problems. The sophomore year begins withparadigmatic projects and ends by solving complexand challenging building programs. The sopho-more foundation is reinforced in the third year,which is spent in Rome. There, 2,500 years ofbuilding tradition provides the context for contem-porary design problems. Fourth-year students re-turn to Notre Dame, where they are reintroducedto the American context. At this stage, students areencouraged to synthesize their interpretations ofthe historical legacy in the context of Americanurban centers and small cities. The undergraduateprogram culminates with a thesis design projectcompleted in the fifth year of study. In addition to

studio instruction, students complete courseworkin structural, mechanical, and environmental sys-tems and architectural history. History and theorycourses in the School of Architecture include a two-semester survey of the history of architecture fromthe earliest times to the present and specializedupper-level coursework in selected topics involvingthe history and theory of architecture.

The student is in contact with the practicingprofessional through collaboration between theSchool of Architecture and the Northern IndianaChapter of the American Institute of Architects.The School of Architecture has an active studentchapter of the American Institute of Architects.

Facilities. The School of Architecture is locatedin the Bond Hall of Architecture. This building,the former University library, was thoroughly re-built from 1995 through 1996. The 60,000-square-foot building contains classrooms, an auditorium,library, computer lab and studios that are bothfunctional and designed in accord with the histori-cal limestone structure. The Rome Studies Centeris in the heart of Rome’s historic center.

First YearFirst-year students intending to major in architec-ture take the following courses:

First SecondSemester Semester

Course Credits Credits

Composition/University Seminar 3 3

MATH 105 and 110 3 3PHYS 115 and 116

or PHYS 115and Science Elective 3 3

Historyor Social Science 3 –

ARCH 132G: Graphics II – 3ARCH 143G: Graphics I 3 –ARCH 144: Architectural

Writings – 4Physical Education – –

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The courses listed below indicate the normal se-quence for sophomore, junior, senior and fifthyears majoring in architecture.

Sophomore YearFirst SemesterARCH 241: Environmental Studies 3ARCH 243: Design I 6ARCH 245: Building Technology I 3ARCH 247: Architectural History I 3ROIT 105: Beginning Italian I 3

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Second SemesterARCH 244: Design II 6ARCH 246: Building Technology II 3ARCH 248: Architectural History II 3ARCH 256: Structural Mechanics

for Architects 3ROIT 106: Beginning Italian II 3

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18Junior Year (Rome Studies Program)First SemesterARCH 343: Design III 6ARCH 391: Architecture Theory I 3ARCH 393: Roman Urbanism

and Architecture I 3ARCH 395G : Graphics III: Freehand Drawing 3

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Second SemesterARCH 344: Design IV 6ARCH 392: Architecture Theory II 3ARCH 394: Roman Urbanism

and Architecture II 3ARCH 396G: Graphics IV: Watercolor 3

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Senior YearFirst SemesterARCH 443: Design V 6ARCH 445: Graphics V: Computers 3ARCH 446: Structural Design for Architects 3Theology 3Elective 3

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Second SemesterARCH 444: Design VI 6ARCH 553: Structural Systems 3Elective 3Theology 3Social Science or History 3

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Fifth YearFirst SemesterARCH 543: Design VII 6ARCH 541: Environmental Systems 3Philosophy 3Elective 3

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Second SemesterARCH 544: Design VIII (Thesis) 6ARCH 546: Professional Practice 3Philosophy 3Elective 3

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Total for five years: 163 semester hours.

ARCHITECTURE

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

The following course descriptions give the numberand title of each course. Lecture hours per weekand laboratory and/or tutorial hours per week andcredits each semester are in parentheses.

132G. Graphics II: Drafting(3-0-3) PajaresInstruction and practice in the skills necessary todraw and think like an architect. The course em-phasizes mechanical drawing with exercises thatinclude descriptive geometry, perspective, andother means of representing three-dimensionalarchitectural problems with two-dimensional tech-niques, including those using computers. Thecourse is open to all students. Studio format. Re-quired for those intending to enter the architectureprogam. Spring.

143G. Graphics I: Drawing(3-2-3) BulleneInstruction and practice in drawing as a means ofexploring and communicating formal and theoreti-cal concepts. Aspects of freehand drawing in pencil,charcoal, and watercolor are taught with subjectsfrom buildings, nature, and the human figure. Thecourse is open to all students. Studio format.Strongly recommended for those entering the ar-chitecture program. Fall.

144. Analysis of Architectural Writing(3-2-4) BulleneThis course examines concepts of architecturewithin writings about architecture. It exploresuniversal issues of function, strength, and beauty,along with the interactions between theory andpractice and the tensions between tradition andinnovation. The coursework consists of analyticaldrawings, design exercises, and exams. It is open toall students. Required for those intending to enterthe architecture program. Spring.

241. Environmental Studies(3-0-3) CroweThis course investigates the relationship betweenthe built environment and the natural environ-ment. Lectures, readings and exercises explore theethical and professional responsibilities of the ar-chitect relative to ongoing environmental issues.Topics include a survey of the effects of the builtenvironment on natural systems, a survey of evolv-ing environmental studies, and design issues withthe focus on in-site planning, landscape design andpassive energy measures for architecture. Fall.

243. Design I(0-12-6) LykoudisThis studio and lecture course introduces studentsto design beginning with the classical elements ofarchitecture. It proceeds to the design of compo-nents of buildings. Fall.

244. Design II(0-12-6) LykoudisPrinciples of planning, design and construction aredeveloped in urban contexts and in complex build-ing programs. The concentration on classical para-digms as a basis for architecture and urban design iscontinued. Spring.

245. Building Technology I(2-2-3) KendaExploration and application of qualitative prin-ciples and theory of building construction to thedesign process. Fall.

246. Building Technology II(3-0-3) AmicoPrerequisite: ARCH 245.Qualitative and quantitative principles of buildingassembly and detailing in masonry, timber, con-crete and steel. Spring.

247. Architectural History I(3-0-3) StamperGlobal architecture from the prehistoric throughGothic periods is studied in relation to physicaldeterminants, such as climate, materials, technol-ogy and geography. Historical determinants such aseconomics, religion, politics, society and culture arealso considered. Fall.

248. Architectural History II(3-0-3) WestfallSame approach as ARCH 247. Coverage beginswith the 15th century and extends to the present.

256. Principles of Structural Engineering(3-0-3) DeFreesPrerequisite: MATH 106.Principles of statics. Force and moment equilib-rium. Area properties. Stress and strain. Beam andcolumn analysis. Spring.

343. Design III (Rome)(0-12-6) Djordjevitch, Mazzola, MeskoArchitectural design relating to the urban environ-ment of Rome. Fall.

344. Design IV (Rome)(0-12-6) Mazzola, Mesko, CasasArchitectural and urban design relating to the re-gional implications of the context of Rome andenvirons. Spring.

391. Architectural Theory I (Rome)(2-2-3) DjordjevitchThe purpose of this class is to examine and debateessential constituents of architectural theory inurbanism, architectural composition, aesthetictheory, tectonics, and construction. Various trea-tises will form the required readings, and the ideascontained therein are debated on-site within theItalian context.

392. Architectural Theory II (Rome)(2-2-3) DjordjevitchThe purpose of this class is to examine and debateessential constituents of architectural theory inurbanism, architectural composition, aesthetictheory, tectonics, and construction. Various trea-tises will form the required readings, and the ideascontained therein are debated on-site within theItalian context.

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393. Roman Urbanism and Architecture I(Rome)(V-V-3) MazzolaThe purpose of this class is to examine the essentialelements of Roman urbanism, architectural compo-sition, and tectonic considerations over time,through extensive analysis and direct on-siteexperience.

394. Roman Urbanism and Architecture II(Rome)(V-V-3) MazzolaThe purpose of this class is to examine the essentialelements of Roman urbanism, architecturalcomposition, and tectonic considerations overtime, through extensive analysis and direct on-siteexperience.

395G. Graphics III: Freehand Drawing(0-6-3) Piccolo, MeskoFreehand graphic communication with pencil, penand charcoal, drawing exteriors and interiors ofarchitecture. Consideration of light, shade andform. Fall.

396G.Graphics IV: Watercolor(0-6-3) Piccolo, MeskoFreehand graphic communication with watercolor,painting still lifes and exteriors and interiors ofarchitecture. Spring.

423. Greek Architecture(3-0-3) RhodesIn this course the development of Greek monu-mental architecture, and the major problems thatdefine it, will be traced from the eighth to thesecond centuries B.C., from the late Geometricthrough the Archaic, Classical, and Hellenisticperiods. Among themes to be treated are the rela-tionship between landscape and religious architec-ture, the humanization of temple divinities, thearchitectural expression of religious tradition andeven specific history, architectural procession andhieratic direction, emblem and narration in archi-tectural sculpture, symbolism and allusion througharchitectural order, religious revival and archaism,and the breaking of architectural and religiouscanon.

443. Design V(0-12-6) Marcantonio, Amico, StroikStudy of building types related to towns and cities.

444. Design VI(0-12-6) Pajares, Amico, Crowe, StaffStudy of building types related to large urban cen-ters. Spring.

445. Graphics V: Computers(3-0-3) Marcantonio, HuderwitzStudy of basic skills necessary for the analysis andrepresentation of architectural form through themedium of the computer. Students will studydrafting as well as three-dimensional modeling.

446. Structural Design(3-0-3) DeFreesPrerequisite: ARCH 256.The application of the principles of mechanics tothe stress and deformation analysis and design ofreinforced concrete structural elements and framingsystems. Fall.

481. Beginning Furniture(0-6-3) BrandtStudents gain an understanding of scale, propor-tion and construction of furniture. Lectures anddemonstrations expose students to the history offurniture, properties of wood and the use of wood-working equipment. Fall.

482. Advanced Furniture(0-6-3) BrandtPrerequisite: ARCH 481.Students construct furniture of original design.They learn to understand furniture’s relationship toarchitectural context. Spring.

483. Introduction to Carving Classical Elements(0-3-3) BrandtIn this introductory course, students are instructedin the fundamental uses of carving tools and thephysical properties of wood. The emphasis of thecourse is on the design and shaping of classicalarchitectural ornamentation.

484. Intermediate Carving Classical Elements(0-3-3) BrandtStudents continue the exploration of design bysculpting classical architectural ornament. Relyingon tradition as a paradigm, students are required todesign and create original objects that relate totheir personal direction in architectural studies.

494. Survey: Greek Art/Architecture(3-0-3) RhodesThis course analyzes and traces the development ofGreek architecture, painting, and sculpture in thehistorical period, from the eighth through the sec-ond centuries B.C., with some consideration ofprehistoric Greek forebears of the Mycenaean Age.Particular emphasis is placed upon monumentalart, its historical and cultural contexts, and how itreflects changing attitudes towards the gods, hu-man achievement, and the relationship between thedivine and the human.

501. Architecture Theory I(3-0-3) WestfallThis course reviews, through lectures, discussions,analysis of signed texts, and the writing of researchpapers, the intersection of the religious, civil, archi-tectural and urban characteristics of the built worldwithin the Western tradition. Fall.

502. Architecture Theory II(3-0-3) DeupiThis seminar explores the philosophical, historicaland literary background of traditional architectureby probing within the curious domain of architec-tural theory through a careful reading of primarysources in their original languages and in transla-tion, of Vitruvius, Abbot Suger, Alberti, Serlio,Palladio, Vignola, Claude Perrault, etc. Fall.

503. Architectural Theory III(3-0-3) EconomakisA survey of contemporary traditional architectureand urbanism, including works by Raymond Erith,Hasan Fathy, Pierre Barbe, Demetri Pikionis, LeonKrier, and Demetri Porphyrios, and concludingwith the most recent events, buildings, and urbandevelopments. Emphasis will be given to works thatexemplify the urban, constructional, and formalprinciples of contemporary traditional architecture.

541. Environmental Systems(3-0-3) DeFreesStudy of the basic concepts that lead to thedesign of the mechanical, acoustical, and illumina-tion services for the control of the architecturalenvironment.

543. Design VII(0-12-6) Smith, Stamper, Deupi, KendaIntegrates the students’ previous study of buildingdesign and construction in Thematic Studios. Fall.

544. Design VIII Thesis(0-12-6) Smith, Stamper, Stroik, BulleneRequired of all students in architecture. Studentsdevote the semester to the preparation and presen-tation of an independent architectural project.Spring.

546. Professional Practice(3-0-3) StroikLecture and assignments covering professionalservices, marketing, economics of practice, pro-gramming, design drawing development, contractsand project management. Spring.

547. History/Design: Forms, Valuesand Technology(3-0-3) DoordanThis course will provide a historical perspective onthe development of industrial, product and graphicdesign in the 19th and 20th centuries.

553. Applied Structural Systems(3-0-3) DeFreesApplication of structural systems in relation toarchitectural concepts meeting economic andbuilding-code requirements. Spring.

558. Teaching Concepts/Principlesof Structural Engineering(ARCH 256)(3-0-3) DeFreesTeaching assistants aid professor in grading exami-nations, assigning homework and preparing lec-tures. Spring.

559. Teaching Concepts/Structural Design(ARCH 446)(3-0-3) DeFreesTeaching assistants aid professor in grading exami-nations, assigning homework and preparing lec-tures. Fall.

560. Teaching Concepts/Applied Structural Systems(ARCH 553)(3-0-3) DeFreesTeaching assistants aid professor in grading exami-nations, assigning homework and preparing lec-tures. Spring.

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561. Teaching Concepts/Drawing(ARCH 143G)(2-2-3) BulleneAssist professor in critiquing student work. Theassistant may be requested to deliver a presentationon a relevant topic. Fall.

562. Teaching Concepts/ReadingArchitectural Writings (ARCH 144)(1-4-3) BulleneTeaching assistants aid in studio and provide guid-ance in drawing. Spring.

563. Teaching Concepts/Building Technology I(ARCH 245)(2-2-3) KendaTeaching assistants guide second-year studentstaking ARCH 245 in developing technical solu-tions to architectural studies. They assist in evalua-tion of submitted work and prepare and delivershort presentations on current building techniques.Fall.

564. Teaching Concepts/Building Technology II(ARCH 246)(3-0-3) AmicoTeaching assistants guide second-year studentstaking ARCH 246 in developing technical solu-tions to architectural studies. They assist in evalua-tion of submitted work and prepare and delivershort presentations on current building techniques.Spring.

565. Teaching Concepts/History ofArchitecture I (ARCH 247)(3-0-3) StamperTeaching assistants aid professor in grading exami-nations and preparing lectures. Fall.

566. Teaching Concepts/History ofArchitecture II (ARCH 248)(3-0-3) WestfallTeaching assistants aid professor in grading exami-nations and preparing lectures. Spring.

568. Teaching Concepts/Graphics II: Drafting(ARCH 132G)(2-2-3) PajaresStudents in ARCH 568 serve as teaching assistantsin the course ARCH 132, Introduction to Com-puters for Architects. Students enrolled in 568work with students in the computer cluster, assist-ing on specific assignments and advising on the useof the computer with respect to software programs.Students in 568 assist as well in the evaluation ofassignments and examinations in ARCH 132.Spring.

570. Teaching Concepts/Graphics V(3-0-3) Marcantonio, HuderwitzTeaching assistants provide instructional support tostudents in the computer cluster during class andhelp with grading.

581. Grecian Architecture and Furniture I(3-0-3) SmithStudents explore Notre Dame’s holdings of Britishand American architectural books that introduced“Grecian” architecture to the English-speakingworld.

582. Competitions and Independent Studio(V-V-V) StaffStudents have the option of selecting either a na-tional or international design competition or adesign project of special interest to them. Spring.

583. Special Studies in Furniture Design I(0-6-3) BrandtPrerequisite: ARCH 482.Students pursue specific interests in design andconstruction of furniture. Fall.

584. Special Studies in Furniture Design II(0-6-3) BrandtPrerequisite: ARCH 583.Continuation of Architecture 583. Spring.

585. Advanced Studies in Computers(0-6-3) DeFreesIn ARCH 585, students pursue specific interests incomputer applications to architecture. Spring.

586. Grecian Architecture and Furniture II(0-6-3) SmithThe development of Greek-inspired architecture inthe United States between 1820 and 1860. Influ-ences from abroad are compared to the distinctAmerican cast of the movement. The related move-ment in furniture and interior decoration is alsostudied.

595. Frank Lloyd Wright Seminar(3-0-3) DoordanThis seminar examines critical perspectives on thelife, work and influence of Frank Lloyd Wright.“Critical perspectives” means that we should try tobe conscious not only of the subject under exami-nation (Wright) but also of our method of studyingthis subject (formal analysis, social history, biogra-phy, etc.) and the implications of selecting oneapproach or methodology over another.

596. Architecture of the 20th Century(3-0-3) DoordanA survey of the many facets developed by 20th-century architects.

598. Directed Studies(V-V-V) StaffDirected studies in special projects in architecture.Focus on specific topics and their relationship andeffect on the design of buildings and the physicalenvironment. Offered to fourth- or fifth-year un-dergraduates. Individual or group study under thedirection of the staff in an undergraduate subjectnot currently covered by a University course.

Student Awardsand Prizes

The American Institute of Architects Award. Anannual award made by the School of Architectureon behalf of the American Institute of Architects tothe senior who has the highest average for the com-plete course in architecture. This medal is given bythe American Institute of Architects to each of themember schools of the Association of CollegiateSchools of Architecture.

The Amico Architecture Scholarship. Established in1997-98 by Bob Amico, design studio professorand chairman of the School of Architecture from1978 to 1989, to be awarded annually to a fifth-year student to assist in the support of the student’sstudy of architecture in the professional degreeprogram.

The Noel Blank Design Award. Founded by LeonW. Blank in memory of his brother. This award inarchitecture is designated for excellence in fifth yearthesis design.

Chairman’s Award in Design for Excellence in Archi-tecture. Overall excellence in fifth-year thesis.

Chelminiak Architecture Award. Awarded to agraduating student who displays excellence in thesisdesign.

James E. Childs and Associates, Inc. Scholarship. Toprovide tuition assistance for racial minoritystudent(s) in the School of Architecture.

Computer Award. Awarded to the student whodisplays excellence in digital imagery.

The Brian J. Crumlish Memorial Scholarship Award.Awarded to a fourth- or fifth-year student in theSchool of Architecture.

The Andrew F. Kervick Award. Founded by Prof.Francis W. Kervick, former head of the Depart-ment of Architecture of the University, in memoryof his father. Awarded to the student of the schoolwhose work in the entire course of freehand draw-ing is of the highest merit.

Ferguson Shamamian and Rattner ArchitectsUndergraduate Prize. Awarded to a fifth-year stu-dent in the Bachelor of Architecture Program foroverall excellence in classical design exhibitedthroughout the course of study.

The Nellie Wynn Kervick Award. Founded by Prof.Francis W. Kervick, former head of the Depart-ment of Architecture of the University, in memoryof his mother. Awarded to the third-year student inthe School of Architecture whose work for the firstthree years in courses of architecture has been ofthe highest merit.

Frank Montana Rome Scholarships. These awardsare made for educational purposes in connectionwith the Notre Dame Rome Studies Program.

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The Gertrude S. Sollitt Prize for Architectural Struc-ture. Founded in 1931 by the Ralph Sollitt andSons Construction Company of Chicago andSouth Bend and awarded to the student who sub-mits the best work as a solution to a special prob-lem in structure assigned in the scholastic year.

Ralph Thomas Sollitt Award. Founded in 1931 byRalph Sollitt and Sons Construction Company ofChicago and South Bend and awarded to the stu-dent in the School of Architecture who submits thebest design as a solution to the thesis architectureproblem in the fall semester.

The David M. Schwarz/Architectural ServicesInternship and Traveling Felloship Award. Thisinternship and travel award is open to fourth-yeararchitecture students at Notre Dame for the sum-mer between the fourth and fifth year. The awardinvolves two months of a paid internship in theoffices of Architectural Services in Washington,D.C., followed by one month of travel involvingindependent research and study. Selection is basedupon scholarship and design ability, plus a writtenstatement describing in detail how the candidateintends to use the travel stipend funds.

Ray Stuermer Memorial Award for Excellence inDesign. Awarded in memory of Professor Stuermeron the basis of design work through the fourth yearfor overall improvement and design excellence.

Alice Wesoloski Scholarship. For her decades of ser-vice to the School of Architecture, an award wasestablished at the close of the school’s centennialcelebration on behalf of Alice Wesoloski. Theaward is presented to a student of particular abilityand need.

Pella Prize. Awarded by the Pella Window Co. forthe best design in a studio devoted to productionbuilding.

St. Joseph Award in Furniture Design. Awarded tothe furniture design student best resolving issues ofconcept, design, and craftsmanship.

Student Organizations

AIAS, Student Chapter of the American Institute ofArchitects. Students begin to engage in the profes-sional activities of the national AIAS by attendingmeetings and conventions and structuring activitieswithin the School of Architecture. The AIAS spon-sors educational, professional and social events inthe school.

Tau Sigma Delta. In 1961 the Sigma Chapter ofTau Sigma Delta, the national architectural honorsociety, was established at Notre Dame. The con-stitution of Tau Sigma Delta stresses as its solefunction the encouragement of high scholasticstanding. Election to membership is limited to thetop 20 percent of the students in the School ofArchitecture who have completed 60 percent oftheir requirements for the professional degree.

Advisory Council

JOHN H. BURGEEMontecito, California

ALEJANDRO CARDENALManagua, Nicaragua

ANTHONY GOLDSBYNew Haven, Connecticut

MARTIN G. KNOTTOwings Mills, Maryland

KEITH MARREROGreenville, South Carolina

HOLLY L. MIZELLEChicago, Illinois

JAMES A. NOLEN IIIKing of Prussia, Pennsylvania

TIMOTHY I. PANZICACleveland, Ohio

FRANCIS ROONEY IIITulsa, Oklahoma

JAMES R. RYANMinneapolis, Minnesota

CHARLES J. TOENISKOETTERSan Jose, California

MATTHEW M. WALSHChicago, Illinois

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