APhA CH 5 Biochemistry - SummaryFirst Part by Pearl ChrisMAJOR GROUPS OF BIOMOLCULS!1. Ami"o aci#s$2. Fatty aci#s$3. Car%ohy#rates$4. &uc'eic aci#s$(hese %ui'#i") %'oc*s i" tur" +orm ma,or macromo'ecu'es!1. Protei"s a"# e"-ymes$2. Li.i#s$3. G'yco)e" a"# starch$4. R&A$5. /&A$"-ymes are .rimari'y cata'ysts o+ 0arious reactio"s "ee#e# to carry out-1. Ce''u'ar #e0e'o.me"t$2. Ce'' meta%o'ism$3. Gro1th a"# #i++ere"tiatio"$4. Ce''u'ar re)u'atio"$5. Ce'' #eath 2a.o.tosis3$CHMIS(R4 OF BIOMOLCULS!PRO(I&S! Ami"o aci#s %ui'#i") %'oc*s o+ .rotei"$ A'' ami"o aci#s co"tai" ami"o )rou. a"# car%o5y'ic aci# )rou.$ (1o 'ar)e )rou.i")s o+ ami"o aci#s #e.e"#i") o" ami"e )rou.! 1. Primary "itro)e" atom has o"'y o"e %o"# to car%o" atom$2. Seco"#ary "itro)e" atom is %o"#e# to t1o car%o" atoms$&i"e esse"tia' ami"o aci#s!1. His2. I'e3. Leu4. Lys5. Met6. Phe7. (hr8. (r.9. 6a'78$(hey ca""ot %e sy"thesi-e# +rom other ami"o aci#s or #ietary sources$A#u'ts .ro#uce (yr +rom Phe a"# Cys +rom Met9 %ut i"+a"ts a"# you") *i#s ca""ot$ He"ce (yr a"#Cys areco"si#ere# esse"tia'i" this .o.u'atio"$ Remai"i") are "o"esse"tia' mea"i") they are sy"thesi-e# +rom otherami"o aci#s or meta%o'ic sources$Ma"y ami"o aci#s i"0o'0e# i" critica' meta%o'ic .ath1ays$Ar)i"i"e9 or"ithi"e9 a"# citru''i"e ----: ami"o aci#s o+ urea cyc'e 2ammo"ia ---:urea39 1hich is mai" .ath1ay+or "itro)e" 1aste .ro#uct e5cretio" +rom .rotei" meta%o'ism$G'utami"e9 cystei"e9 a"# )'yci"e ---:tri.e.ti#e )'utathio"e 2+irst 'i"e ce''u'ar a"tio5i#a"t3$ Sy"thesi-e# i" a''tissues %y t1o-ste. e"-yme me#iate# .rocess$Pe.ti#e%o"#+orme#%et1ee"t1oami"oaci#sis.rimarye'eme"to+.e.ti#ea"#.rotei"structure$ Bo"#+ormatio" at ce''u'ar 'e0e' %y ri%osome a"# i"0o'0es se0era' +orms o+ R&A$&et chemistry o+ %o"# +ormatio" a"# hy#ro'ysis!&H;-CHR7-COOH