ap physics 1 summer packet

7/23/2019 AP Physics 1 Summer Packet

1/14

Name___________________________________________ Class Period_____

AP PHYSICS ISummer Packet

This packet is designed to assess and help you review math and science

concepts in which youll need to be proficient to give you the best chance of

success in AP Physics 1. Please print this packet out, complete it, and turn it

in on the first d y of school. You may be tested on these concepts the first

week of school. I look forward to meeting you in the fall!


2/14

Physics Math Worksheet - Algebra and Substitution

Solve the following equations for the variable indicated. There should be enough room to do one step at a time.

1. v=x

t(for t) .

1

mv

=1

kx

(for k) !. mgh=1

mv

(for v)

". m

1v

r =mgh (for r) #. T=

L

g(for g) $. m1v1mv=m1vfmvf %for vf)

&. x=v i t1

a t

(for a) '.1

R1

1

R

=1

Req(for R2) (. m1x=m!x %for x)


3/14

)valuate the following using the information given. Tr* algebraicall* solving for the unknown variable first.

1. v f=viat (find a, if vi=2, vf=16, t=2) . F=mv

r(find r, if F=10, m=5, v=4)

! T=m

k(find m, if T=, k=50) ".

"1

d1

!="

d

!(find d2, if "1=10, "2=#, d1=2)

#.1

do

1

di=

1

f(find do, if di=20, f=12) $. x=v i t

1

a t

(find t, if vi=0, x=125, a=10)

$int% &o an' term dro o*t+

Solve the following word problems using the information and steps %+, ++, +++- provided.

&. +f an airplane travels at 1 m/s (v), how longwould it take (t)for the plane to travel a distance (x)of ! meters0

'. to* car accelerates from an initial velocit* (vi)of# m/s, to a final velocit* (vf)of 1& m/s, in $ seconds.2ind the acceleration of the car0

%+- 3ist givens4

v =

x =

t = +

5oncept )quation4 v=x

t

%++- Derive )quation %solve for t-

%+- 3ist 6ivens4

vi=

vf=

t =

a = +

5oncept )quation4 v f=via t

%++- Derive )quation %solve for a-

%+++- Substitute the given values into *our derivedequation for time and evaluate.

%+++- Substitute the given values into *our derivedequation for acceleration and evaluate.


4/14

Graphing Techniques

1. Independent Variablequantity that is deliberately manipulated. Plot

this variable on the x- axis. (horizontal)

2. Dependent Variablequantity that changes as a result of the

independent variable. Plot this variable on the y-axis. (vertical)

3. Choose your scale carefully. Be sure that it fits your data.

4. Make your graph as large as possible. It should fill the paper.

5. You do not need to number every line.

6. Not all graphs will go through the origin.

7. Label each axis with the variable and its units.

8. Use a ruler when drawing straight lines.

9. Do not connect the dots (except where appropriate), draw a smooth line

that represents the trend of the data.

10. Title your graph. The title should be descriptive of what the graph

represents.

11. Use PENCIL ONLY!

12. Make a key if you make more than one line on your graph.


5/14

!" "#$%&'' ()& *+,,+-./0 123/(.(.&' ./ '4.&/(.*.4

/+(3(.+/5 6/4,27& ()& 2/.(8

#" 9:;< =

$" >:?;;; @=

%" A9BC 0

&" ;5A9BC 0

'" ;5;;;9C '

(" D9 )

)" E+/F&%( &34) +* ()& *+,,+-./0 123/(.(.&'

3' ./7.43(&75 6/4,27& 3 2/.(8

#" BA;; 4= (+ =&(&%'

$" :;;; = (+ @.,+=&(&%'

%" :;;; @= (+ =&(&%'

&"


6/14

-" L)& '2%*34& +* 3 %&4(3/02,3% (3G,& .' =&3'2%&7

3' D5D9 = ,+/0 3/7


7/14

The Circumference-Diameter Ratio of a Circle

Purpose:

to develop techniques for measuring the circumference and diameter of a

circular object.

to use data to construct a graph to find the slope of a graph

to analyze error in an experiment

Procedure:

A.

Taking Measurements:

1. Find at least six circular objects. They should be of many different

sizes.

2. Measure the diameter and circumference of each one. Use metric

units only. You should use the same units for both diameter and

circumference. Use your understanding of significant figures to

decide on the precision of your measurements. Record your data inthe data table below.

Name of Object Circumference Diameter

B. Making a Graph:

1. Plot a graph of the circumference of the circles versus the diameter ofthe circles. Put the circumference on the y-axis and the diameter on

the x-axis. Use the rules that you know for proper graphing!!

2. The origin should be in the bottom left hand corner of the graph

because when the circle has no diameter it will have no circumference.

Do not put a break in the scale for your x or y-axis. A break will

make the slope of your line meaningless.

3. Draw a best fit line for the points on your graph.


8/14

C.

Finding the Slope of the Graph:

1. Select two points that are actually on the line on your graph to

calculate the slope of the line. One should be near the beginning of the

line and one should be near the end. Do not use data points unless

they are actually on the line.

2.

Use the difference between the y values of these points as y or rise.3. Use the difference between the x values of these points as x or run.

4.

Find the slope of the line using the equation: (Show all work for the

calculations on a separate sheet of paper.)

D. Results and Analyzing Error: Answer the following questions in a short

paragraph on a separate sheet of paper. Make sure that you address all

of the points in the question.

1. What makes it so difficult to measure circular objects? Which

dimension was harder to measure, diameter or circumference and

why? How did you decide to take these measurements to get accurate

results?

2.

What was the value of the slope of your graph? What is the

significance of this value?

3.

Is the relationship between the circumference and the diameter a

direct relationship? How do you know?

E.

Additional Questions:

1. From your graph, write an equation that describes the relationship

between circumference and diameter in the form y=mx+b.2. What are the units of your slope? Does this unit make sense? Explain

why.


9/14

In the following problems, please round lengths to the nearest hundredth, and angle measures to the

nearest tenth.

In problems 1-6, find the value of the missing side or angle measure. All lengths are in centimeters.

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

In problems 7 and 8, find the indicated measures.

7. Find: a. BC =

b. BD =

8. Find: a. EF =

b. EG =

c. FG =

24

20

w

17

32

x

y

20

50

12

q47

6

g11

5

13

d

30 in.

D

2550

C

B

A

32 cmE

35

48

F

G

H

30 in.

25


10/14

In problems 9-23, solve the problem.

9. A ladder is leaning against the side of a house and forms a 65angle with the ground. The foot of

the ladder is 8 feet from the house. Find the length of the ladder.

10. A lighthouse built at sea level is 150 feet high. From its top, the angle of depression of a buoy is 25.

Find the distance from the buoy to the foot of the lighthouse.

11. A surveyor is 100 meters from a bridge. The angle of elevation to the top of the bridge is 35. The

surveyors instrument is 1.45 meters above the ground. Find the height of the bridge.

12. A surveyor is 100 meters from a building. The angle of elevation to the top of the building is 23.

The surveyors instrument is 1.55 meters above the ground. Find the height of the building.

13. In a parking garage, each level is 20 feet apart. Each ramp to a level is 130 feet long. Find the

measure of elevation for each ramp.


11/14

14. A train in the mountains rises 10 feet for every 250 feet it moves along the track. Find the angle of

elevation of the track.

15. A plane rose from take-off and flew at an angle of 11with the ground. When it reached an

altitude of 500 feet, what was the horizontal distance the plane had flown?

16. As viewed from a cliff 360 m above sea level, the angle of depression of a ship is 28. How far is

the ship from the shore?

17. A sonar operator on a cruiser detects a submarine at a distance of 500 m and an angle of depression

of 37. How deep is the submarine?

18. A mountain has a base and peak that are inaccessible. At point A, the angle of elevation of the

peak is 30. One kilometer closer to the mountain, at point

C, the angle of elevation of 35

. Findthe height PBof the mountain.

500 m

37

1 km

3530

P

C BA


12/14

19. Before Apollo 11 descended to the surface of the moon, it made one orbit at a distance of 3 miles

above the surface of the moon. At one point in its orbit, the onboard guidance system measured

the angles of depression to the near and far sides of a huge crater. The angles measured 25to the

near side of the crater, and 18to the far side of the crater. Find the distance across the crater.

20. An observer on a cliff 1000 yards above sea level sights two ships due east. The angles of depression

of the ships are 47and 32. Find the distance between the two ships.

21. One diagonal of a rhombus makes an angle of 27with a side of the rhombus. If each side of the

rhombus has a length of 6.2 inches, find the length of each diagonal.

22. Find the height of isosceles trapezoid ABCDas marked.

23. The legs of an isosceles triangle are each 18 cm. The base is 14 cm. Find:

a) the measure of the base angles, and

b) the exactlength of the altitude to the base.

3 mi.

18

25

R

6.2 in.

H

OM

B

27

E D

CB

A

25 cm

38

J

18 cm

K LM

14 cm

18 cm


13/14

Rules for Determining Significant Figures

Rule Example # of SIG FIGS

1. All non-zero digits are significant. 438 g 3

26.42 m 4

1.7 cm 2

0.653 L 3

2. All zeros between two non-zero digits 506 dm 3

are significant. 10,050 mL 4

900.43 kg 5

3. Zeros to the right of a non-zero digit, 4830 km 3but to the left of an understood decimal 60 g 1

point, are NOT significant. If such zeros 4830. L 4

are known to have been measured, 60. K 2

however, they are significant and should 1000 m 1

be specified as such by inserting a decimal 3400 kg 2

point to the right of the zero.

4. In number less than one and greater than 0.06 g 1

negative one, zeros to the right of a decimal 0.0047 L 2

point that are to the left of the first non-zero 0.005 m 1digit are NEVER significant. They are simply

placeholders.

5. In numbers less than one and greater than 0.8 g 1

negative one, the zero to the left of the 0.00004 mL 1

decimal is NEVER significant. It is there to

make sure the decimal point is not overlooked.

6. All zeros to the right of decimal point and 8.0 dm 2

to the right on a non-zero digit are 16.40 g 4significant. 35.000 L 5

1.60 s 3

7. Rules can be combined. 0.008009 g 4

0.02040 mm 4

100.00 kg 5

3.00 X 104L 3


14/14

Rules for Calculating with Significant Figures:

Addition or Subtraction:

The final answer should have the same number of digits to the right of the decimal as the

measurement with the smallestnumber of digits to the right of the decimal.

Example:

97.3 + 5.85 = 103.15 round off to 1 place to right of decimal 103.2 = final answer

110 32.665 = 77.335 round off to no places to right of decimal 77

Multiplication or Division:

The final answer has the same number of significant figures as the measurement having thesmallestnumber of significant figures.

Example:

123 X 5.35 = 658.05 round off; need 3 significant figures 658

12.378 3.2 = 3.868125 round off; need 2 significant figures 3.9

Rules for Rounding:

Round Down: Whenever the digit following the last significant figure is a 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4

Example: 30.24 30.2

Round Up: Whenever the digit following the last significant figure is 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9

Example: 22.49 22.5

ap physics 1 summer packet

Documents