(610–641 .): . 2017. . 45. . 77–98
© . . , 2017
94(495).01 + 94(357) + 355.3(09)


(610–641):
1).
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1998 . . - , . - . . , 1995 ., 711 730 . , , , , , – . , - , , , -
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2 .
, , , - . , , - . . , , : , - , . -
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79
, . , - , - - . 610 . , - , , - . . - , - , - . , 9 610 .
3
, . - , , . , , - , - . , , - . , VII .
4 -
, « - ( . – . .). , , 8 . - , »
5 .
, , - - . , -
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Oxford, 1916. P. 167: “Heraclius, who distributed large sums of money among the
barbarians of Tripolis and Pentapolis, and thereby prevailed on them to help him in
the war. Next he summoned the captain of his forces, named Bonakis, with 8000
men, and a large number of barbarians, and dispatched them to Pentapolis to wait for
him there”.
80
(, ) ( ) - . , VII . - . - - , , VII . - - , .
VI . - 546–548 . . - . , , , . - , - . 546–548 . - , . , - -
6 . , 50 ,
- .
- . , , « »
7 . , -
, - . , , - . , , -
6 Riedlberger P. Recherches onomastiques relatives à la composition ethnique du
personnel militaire en Afrique byzantine (546–548) // Commutatio et contentio:
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Tripolis, named Kîsil”.
, - ,
8 .
, - « »
9 . ,
« » 10 . , -
. . . , 600 602 . -, ,
11 .
, , 610 . - - . . . - , , - - 610 .
12
, - . . . - , . , , , - - -
13 . , ,

8 . , , -
,
– ,
. , ,
, -
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δ ρκλειος Μαυριτν πλθος πολ. 11 Kaegi W. E. Heraclius, Emperor of Byzantium. Cambridge, 2003. P. 25. 12 Ibid. P. 32. 13 Ibid. P. 45. .: PLRE. Vol. 3: A.D. 527–641.
P. 940–943 (Nicetas 7).
. .
82
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III VII .
, -
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-
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16 . , ,
–
, -
( ).
, 561/562 . (6054 . -
) , « , -
, , , , -
, ,
14 -
.: Croke B. Leo I and the Palace Guard // Byzantion. 2005. Vol. 75.
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»).

» 17 . ()
, VI ., ,
, -
( -
) – , -
(schola gentilium iuniorum): « -
, » 18
.
, 561/562 .,
, ,
« »
,
- , -
( )
610 .
-
, , ,
(schola II scutariorum), . . . -
, , -
, , ( ,
, ): Urs/ulintus,
qui v/ixit annis sex et/ menses VIII et […] / dies de schol/a secunda
sc/utarior<um> 19
. VI ., ,
, , , -
561/562 ., . . -
.
17 Theoph. Chron. P. 236.17–20: τν πτ σχολαρων τος καθεζομνους ν
τ Νικομηδε κα Κ κα Προσ κα Κυζκ κα Κοτυαε κα Δορυλα πελθεν κα καθσαι ν τ Θρκ, ν τε ρακλε κα τας πριξ ατς πλεσιν.
18 Année épigraphique. 1976 (1980). P. 199, no. 665: νθαδε (sic) κατκιται Θεδουλος κμ(ης) / σχολ(ς) γεντιλων ωνιρων (sic).
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. .
84
, , -
, , 20 . -
VI–VII ., , -
, . ,
. , -
Notitia Dignitatum,
V ., 401 419 . 21 ,
, I II
(ND. Or. XI. 4–5), III , , -
(ND. Occ. IX. 8:
Scola scutariorum tertia).
. ,
395 . , -
, -
22 , , . , 425 . -
, -
, , , -
,
, 423 . 23
, ,
, ,
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-
, , II
(Φωτενου // Scolariu B. Σχολαρου Β)24 . . . ,
, , II -
25 , – ,
Notitia Dignitatum
, «»,
, , - ()
.
, -
, ,
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« » ,
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, -
, ,
.
,
, ( )
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,
, ,
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, ».
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, ,
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. –
. , VI .
,
, . .

28 . , ,
,
. –
, , ,
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» 34 . ,
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, -
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. . ,
, , -
.

? ,
, , –
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, -
,
, , -

,
.
, , -
,
,
.
, «-
» , « ,
.
» 35
.
, -
622 . -
« » 36 , , -
, , ,
.
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, , , (συνλεγε) -
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, , . ,

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.
-
, , , -
,
. -
-
« . »,
, ,
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.
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,
« (
. – . .),
, ,
,
(. . . – . .) » 47 .
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, , «
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46 Artun T. The Miracles of St. Theodore Trn: an Eighth-Centur source? // Ö .
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48 Giorgio di Pisidia poemi. P. 109.256–258: πε γρ ες χειμνα πρς τ Πντιον / κλμα διατρψας συντμως βρβαρος / τς εσβολς κατσχε τς δο φθσας.
. .
,
, , -

.
, , -
, -
,
. , ,
. -
, , -
. , -
6117 . , , -
, «
()» 49 . .
627 . 50
, , 622 ., -
(-
, ,
), 627 . . ()
, , 622 627 .
, 627 .
, -
, -
-
, , 625/626 .,
. ,
627 . -
, -
, -
. ,
, 15 25 .
( . -) 25 50 .
( . . ) 51
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, .
49 Theoph. Chron. P. 315.11–12: τν αυτο στρατν ες τρες διαιρσεις
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Emperor of Byzantium. P. 159.

,
( ), : 1)
, ;
2) ; 3) , -
. ,

. , -
, ,
, -
610 .
22.10.2017 .

,

,
of Medieval History,
Saint-Petersburg State University,
96
Antinaâ drevnost’ i srednie veka. 2017. Vol. 45. P. 77–98
DOI 10.15826/adsv.2017.45.005
EVGENIY MEKHAMADIEV
OF SOME MILITARY UNITS OF BYZANTINE ARMY
Abstract: The present paper deals with the three points of Byzantine military organi-
zation during the reign of Heraclius, more precisely – 1) the role of Moorish
tribal detachments in overthrowing of the usurper Phocas in 610 A.D.; 2) the ter-
ritorial deployment of palace scholae (detachments of imperial guard) to 610
A.D., when Heraclius ascended the throne and 3) the number of military corps
(expeditionary armies), which struggled against the Persians. The author turned
to inscriptions and the data of narrative sources, having compared these evi-
dence, the author concluded that in October of 610 Heraclius came to Constanti-
nople together with the big amount of Moorish units, which Heraclius brought
from Africa, moreover, a certain group of scholares (the soldiers who served in
the scholae) located in Constantinople and defended the capital of Empire from
incursions of external enemies to 610, these scholares were a part of city mili-
tary garrison. Therefore, the author revised an idea that to beginning of the
7th century the scholae were the show troops onl , which didn’t fight in real mil-
itary battles. The author demonstrates that originally, in 622, Heraclius com-
manded over two field armies, and then, to 627, his leadership extended over the
third army. The author considers the internal structure and territorial movements
of these armies.
Keywords: Byzantium, Persian Empire, Herakleios, army, scholae, mauri, Asia Mi-
nor, Georgius of Pisidia
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