Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson

How Democratic was Andrew How Democratic was Andrew Jackson?Jackson?

Andrew Jackson: Man of the PeopleAndrew Jackson: Man of the People

AJ’s BackgroundAJ’s Background Born in backwoods settlement in Carolinas to poor farmer parentsBorn in backwoods settlement in Carolinas to poor farmer parents Self-educated lawyer; moved to Tennessee to practice lawSelf-educated lawyer; moved to Tennessee to practice law War hero in War of 1812 and Seminole Wars in Florida (1818-19)War hero in War of 1812 and Seminole Wars in Florida (1818-19) ““Average Joe”Average Joe”

Fought duels for honor, wounded 3 times!Fought duels for honor, wounded 3 times! Drank whiskey frequentlyDrank whiskey frequently

The Election of 1824The Election of 1824

According to the map, who do you think won?

The “Corrupt Bargain”The “Corrupt Bargain” Jackson wins popular vote, electoral college, but not by Jackson wins popular vote, electoral college, but not by

clear majority.clear majority. Election is decided by the House of Representatives.Election is decided by the House of Representatives.

Clay: “Clay: “I cannot believe that killing twenty-five hundred I cannot believe that killing twenty-five hundred Englishmen at New Orleans qualifies (Jackson) for the Englishmen at New Orleans qualifies (Jackson) for the difficult and complicated duties of the Presidency.”difficult and complicated duties of the Presidency.”

Clay, who is Speaker, throws support to JQA.Clay, who is Speaker, throws support to JQA. JQA makes Clay his Secretary of State days later.JQA makes Clay his Secretary of State days later. COINCIDENCE?COINCIDENCE?

Outcomes of Election of 1824Outcomes of Election of 1824 New Political Parties New Political Parties

Emerge!Emerge! National RepublicansNational Republicans

Support Adams, ClaySupport Adams, Clay DemocratsDemocrats

Support AJSupport AJ AJ’s supporters in the AJ’s supporters in the

Senate block most of Senate block most of JQA’s legislation!JQA’s legislation!

I wish those Democrats would stop blocking all of my legislation!

John Quincy Adams

The Expansion of DemocracyThe Expansion of Democracy

1824 Election1824 Election

1828 Election1828 Election

Jackson’s supporters were so upset at the outcome of the election of 1824 that they wanted to make sure their voices were heard. Jackson supporters worked during the time between the 1824 and 1828 elections to expand voting rights to “average” Americans. (The type of people that loved Jackson!)

Andrew Jackson becomes PresidentAndrew Jackson becomes President First “popularly” elected First “popularly” elected

president.president. Shows expansion of Shows expansion of

democracy.democracy.

Andrew Jackson’s Inauguration

Jackson Changes the PresidencyJackson Changes the Presidency

““Argued that rotation in office Argued that rotation in office would prevent a small group of would prevent a small group of wealthy, well connected people wealthy, well connected people from controlling government.”from controlling government.”

Limited GovernmentLimited Government Feared the power of the Federal Feared the power of the Federal

GovernmentGovernment Expansion of democracyExpansion of democracy

Called upon Congress to abolish Called upon Congress to abolish the electoral college.the electoral college.

“To the victor go the spoils!”

Andrew Jackson

The Tariff CrisisThe Tariff Crisis

Review: Tariff is Review: Tariff is originally part of Clay’s originally part of Clay’s American System.American System. ““Tariff of Abominations” - Tariff of Abominations” -

CalhounCalhoun South Carolina ExpositionSouth Carolina Exposition

Calhoun explains Calhoun explains nullification theorynullification theory

Preview of things to Preview of things to come?come?

AJ urges Congress to pass AJ urges Congress to pass the Force Bill.the Force Bill.

The “Abominable” Tariff!

GRR! I want to hurt the Southern States!!!

The “Trail of Tears”The “Trail of Tears”

In 1830, AJ urged Congress to pass the Indian Removal Act, forcibly relocated about 100,000 members of five Native American tribes.

In 1838, the US Army rounded up more than 15,000 Cherokee Natives. One out of every four Cherokee died on the 116 day march to new lands in Oklahoma and Arkansas.

“Men working in the fields were arrested and driven to the stockades. Women were dragged from their homes by soldiers whose language they could not understand. Children were often separated from their parents… and often the old and infirm were prodded with bayonets to hasten them to the stockades… In the chill of a drizzling rain on an October morning I saw them loaded like cattle or sheep into six hundred and forty-five wagons and started toward the west… Many of these helpless people did not have blankets and many of them had been driven from home barefooted.”

“On the morning of November the 17th we encountered a terrific sleet and snowstorm with freezing temperatures and from that day until we reached the end of the fateful journey the sufferings of the Cherokees were awful. The trail of the exiles was a trail of death. They had to sleep in the wagons and on the ground without fire. And I have known as many as twenty-two of them to die in one night of pneumonia due to ill treatment, cold, and exposure.”

-From -From The Cherokee Removal Through the The Cherokee Removal Through the Eyes of a Private SoldierEyes of a Private Soldier by John Burnett

AJ vs. The BankAJ vs. The Bank

AJ financially hurt by Panic of 1819.AJ financially hurt by Panic of 1819. Hates US Bank.Hates US Bank.

Bank’s charter will expire in 1836.Bank’s charter will expire in 1836. 1832: Clay vs. AJ1832: Clay vs. AJ

Clay uses Bank as campaign issue.Clay uses Bank as campaign issue. Jackson takes new deposits and puts them in state Jackson takes new deposits and puts them in state

supported “pet banks” (owned by the states) to try and supported “pet banks” (owned by the states) to try and strangle BUS.strangle BUS.

AJ wins by massive margin anyway.AJ wins by massive margin anyway. Repubs change name to Whigs protesting “King Repubs change name to Whigs protesting “King

Andrew the First”Andrew the First”

VS.

King Andrew…King Andrew…

Jackson and the BankJackson and the Bank

AJ vs. the BankAJ vs. the Bank

The QuestionThe Question Now that you know the facts, how would you Now that you know the facts, how would you

answer the question:answer the question:

How did Andrew Jackson change the How did Andrew Jackson change the Presidency? Was this change good for Presidency? Was this change good for

America? Why or why not?America? Why or why not?

Successors Deal with Jackson’s Successors Deal with Jackson’s LegacyLegacy

Martin Van BurenMartin Van Buren Jackson’s VP 1832-1836Jackson’s VP 1832-1836

Panic of 1837Panic of 1837 HarrisonHarrison

Whig candidate; wins because of Whig candidate; wins because of Van Buren’s economic failures.Van Buren’s economic failures.

Dies in office after one month.Dies in office after one month. TylerTyler

““His accidency.” More Democrat His accidency.” More Democrat than Whig. Extremely unpopular.than Whig. Extremely unpopular.

-Martin Van Buren