ancient east asia: monumentality and impermanence
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Ancient East Asia: Monumentality and Impermanence. Itsukushima Shinto Shrine ( Miyajama ) 16 th century (based on 12 th century design) . Shinto Shrine (Naiku – the Inner Shrine) at Ise Japan, 1 st cen. - . Shinto – animistic belief system indigenous to Japan. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Ancient East Asia: Monumentality and Impermanence
Itsukushima Shinto Shrine (Miyajama) 16th century (based on 12th century design)
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Shinto Shrine (Naiku – the Inner Shrine) at Ise Japan, 1st cen. -
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Shinto – animistic belief system indigenous to Japan
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I. The Shinto Shrine site: making sacred space in nature A. Degrees of integration (and non-integration) with the natural environment
The Inner Shrine (Naiku) in the Ise Forest
N
1.2.
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I. A. 1. Isuzu River and bridges
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I. A. 2. Torii (gates) and paths
First torii gate at Ise
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I. A. 2. Torii (gates) and paths
The Ise sacred cryptomeria forest
3.4.
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I. A. 2.
The Mitarashi – part of the river bank set aside for ablutions.
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I. B. Ritual and design: in what ways does the design enhance the sense of reverence in paying homage to the deity?
Approaching the Shinto Shrine
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I. B. 1. Partial revelation – How is the sacred only partially revealed?
Shinto Shrine at Ise
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I. A. 2. Spatial segregation – How is the boundary of sacred shrine marked?
Four wood fences around the Shinto Shrine at Ise
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I. B. 3. Threshold: How is the drama augmented?
Shinto Shrine at Ise
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Shinto Shrine at Ise
II. The Shinto Deity Hall as an architecture of impermanence for an animistic religion
Shinto shrine with a new shrine ready
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II. A.
Shinto Shrine at Ise
Shelter for heart pillar Shelter for heart pillar
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II. A. Ritual rebuilding: first documented “recreation” of the main shrine at Ise was in A.D. 690; rebuilt for the 61st time in 1993.
Shinto Shrine at Ise
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II. B. 2. How are the materials treated?II. B. Building materials and construction – 1. Hinoki trees (Japanese white cypress).
Shinto Shrine at Ise
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profane space
boundary
sacred space
marker of cosmic axis
Shinto Shrine at Ise
III. Eliade’s concepts of sacred and profane space (cosmos vs. chaos)
threshold
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III. A. Where is the idea of a cosmic center or pillar present at Ise?
Shinto Shrine at Ise
axis mundi – axis of the world, a cosmic axis
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III. B. Where does the profane end and the sacred begin at the Ise shrine?
Shinto Shrine at Ise
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IV. The Shinto Deity Hall as monumental architecture A. Typology: What building types does the architectural form of the deity hall resemble?
Bronze mirror with design of houses, late 4th centuryIse Deity Hall, side elevation
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IV. A.
Japanese dwelling types in the Kofun period (A.D. 250-538)
Elevated elite dwelling with distinctive roof and rear balcony
Elevated storehouses or granaries
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IV. B. Formal analysis of the deity hall as a goddess’s dwelling1. elevation on posts
Shinto Shrine at Ise
plan
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IV. B. 2. veranda
Shinto Shrine at Ise
The Shoden (deity hall)
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IV. B. 3. roof ridge and ten cylinder billets (katsuogi)
“Haniwa” clay house, grave object
Ise Deity House, elevation
Shinto Shrine at Ise
The Shoden (deity hall)
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IV. B. 4. extended rafters (chigi)
Shinto Shrine at Ise
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IV. C. How do the architecture and the ritual building convey monumentality (reflecting political authority) despite the impermanent materials?
Shinto Shrine at IsePolitician Ichiro Osawa at Ise
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Shinto religion(animistic religion/metabolic architecture)
Ritual
Politics
Architectural theory
Anthropology of space(sacred v. profane)