analysis of insulin resistance during increase in body mass index

8/4/2019 Analysis of Insulin Resistance During Increase in Body Mass Index

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WELCOME


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ANALYSIS OF INSULIN

RESISTANCE DURING INCREASE INBODY MASS INDEX

GUIDE

DR.JOSE JACOB, MDHEAD OF DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY,

AMALA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCE,THRISSUR.


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INTRODUCTION


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Insulin is a hormone and is secreted by groups of cellswithin the pancreas called islet cells. It is secreted in

response to increase in blood sugar.

Insulin resistance is defined as a decreased biologicalresponse to normal concentrations of circulating insulin.

Insulin resistance can lead to increase in fasting seruminsulin and glucose levels.

Measuring insulin resistance in a routine clinical setting is

difficult, surrogate measures, namely fasting insulin orthe insulin response to glucose, are used to provide anindirect assessment of insulin function.


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Body mass index is weight in Kilogram

divided by squares of height in meters

BMI = wt. in kg / Sqaure of ht. in meters

BMI between 18.5 24.9 normal

25 - 29.9 over wt30 or >30 obese


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OBJECTIVE


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Individuals who are willing to take part inthe study were grouped into normal or

overweight BMI class.

In these individuals fasting serum insulin,glucose, total triacylglycerol were

estimated. Mean and SD were calculatedin the different groups and thesignificance of variation in the levels wereanalyzed.

In a selected individual, serum insulin andglucose were estimated after oral glucosetolerance test.


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MATERIALS

&

METHODS


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Insulin was estimated by Mercodia

Ultrasensitive Insulin ELISAmethod.

Glucose was estimated by GOD-PAPmethod.

Triglyceride was estimatedby GPOPAPESPAS method.


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RESULT


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Table 1. Serum glucose, Total triacylglycerol and insulin

were estimated in fasting serum samples in two groups of

individuals. In one group BMI was


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Table 2. Serum glucose, Total Triacylglycerol and insulin

were estimated in fasting serum samples in two groups

of individuals . In one group BMI was


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Table 3. Serum Insulin and total serum triacylglycerols were

estimated in fasting serum samples in individuals with BMI


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Table. 4. Serum Insulin and total serum triacylglycerol were

estimated in fasting serum samples in individuals with BMI

>25. There were two groups of individuals, in one group

fasting serum glucose was


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Table 5. Oral Glucose tolerance test in an individual with BMI

29.5 . 75 gm of Glucose was given in 300 ml water in the

morning after overnight fasting. Blood was collected before

giving glucose at 30 min, 60 mins, 90 mins and 120 mins.Glucose and insulin were estimated in the serum.


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Peak glucose at 30 minutes was 155mg/dL. These values come in theimpaired glucose tolerance testcategory. But peak insulin at 1hr was

73 mlU/L. This level was above theupper limit of 65-70mlU/L. In theseresults showed that only peak insulin

value is above normal and showedsigns of insulin resistance.


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DISCUSSION


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In this study, we had examined fastingserum insulin, glucose andtriacylglycerol in individuals with normalBMI and at BMI which is slightlyincreased. It was observed that therewas no consistent and significantvariation in serum glucose, insulin andtriacylglycerol. This may be because the

serum glucose levels are near normalvalues and there is very little demandfor insulin secretion.


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We examined the levels of insulin and

glucose in selected individuals after oral

glucose tolerance test. This result showed

that the glucose and insulin levels can be a

probable marker of the metabolic changes in

obesity only after oral glucose tolerance test.


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CONCLUSION


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Obesity is characterised by insulinresistance and cytokine production

from adipose tissue. In this study, wehave shown that there was nosignificant increase in fasting serum

glucose, insulin or triacylglycerol inindividuals with higher BMI. But thestudy of a case of oral glucose

tolerance test in an individuals withBMI 29.5 showed that both insulinand glucose levels were elevated withincrease in BML.


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THANKS

analysis of insulin resistance during increase in body mass index

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