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ANALYSIS OF EXISTING WATER DISTRIBUTION

NETWORK BY USING WATERGEMS: A CASE STUDY OF

RAJKOT CITY

Prashant Virjibhai Vaghela1, Sejal S. Bhagat2

P.G. Student, Town & Country Planning, Sarvajanik College of Engg & Tech, Surat, Gujarat1

Asso. Prof., Faculty of Civil Engg, Sarvajanik College of Engg and Tech, Surat, Gujarat2

Abstract: Water is prime requirement for human being. In urban area due to urbanization

water demand is increasing day by day. The Water distribution network plays vital role in

supplying water to end user. WaterGEMS is hydraulic modelling software which is used

for analysis and design of water distribution network. The study presents hydraulic

analysis of laxminagar territory of west zone, Rajkot city. The water from narmada

pipeline is taken by means of system of pipe network to the GSR (Ground Services

Reservoir) over the zone. The water from these GSR is then pumped to the Adjacent ESR

(Elevated Services Reservoirs) amid the supply hours and water is supply to the region by

gravity. Steady state analysis has been carried out for calculation of hydraulic parameter

such as head pressure and flow rate. The result obtained verified that the pressure at all

junction and the flows with their velocities at all pipes are feasible enough to provide

adequate water to the network of study area. The end result will help to understand the

pipelines system of the study area in a better way.

Keywords: Water distribution network, WaterGEMS, pipe network, steady state

analysis

I. INTRODUCTION

Water is essential for all living things, also it play important role in socio-economic

development of a country. Water distribution network is necessary infrastructure for

supply of water. It connects consumers to sources of water using hydraulic components

such as pipes, valves, pumps and tanks. The primary aim of water distribution network

is to deliver water to meet the demands on pressure and quality.

Table 1 Norms for Water Supply Network

Sr. Category Avg. Min. Max.

1 Water supply (lpcd) 150 135 180

2 Distribution network coverage (%) 77 74 79

3 Total storage required (%) 30 25 40

4 Storage capacity ratio 90 42 199

5 Total treatment req. (%) 80 75 100

6 Population dependent on house service connection 590 36 78

7 Person per stand post/ hand pump 127 54 227

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Table 1Recommendation for per capita water supply

Institutions/ Committees Supply Levels

Ministry of urban affairs and employment 150 lpcd

CPHEEO 150-200 lpcd

Eight five year plan 125 lpcd

TCPO 180 lpcd

(Source: URDPFI Guideline 2014)

II. STUDY AREA PROFILE

Rajkot is situated in the middle of the peninsular Saurashtra in central plains of Gujarat State

of Western India at a height of 138 m above mean sea level. It lies between latitude 22.18 N

and longitude 70.51 E. It has an area of 104.86 sq. kms. Laxminagar area is located in west

zone of Rajkot Municipal Corporation. The population of study area is 73500.

III. DATA COLLECTION

The data needed for analysis of existing water distribution network includes base map of

existing water distribution network, water distribution parameters such as Existing water

demand, population, and also distribution network parameters such as; elevations, pipe

diameter and pipe length, ESR drawing.

IV. METHODOLOGY

Following steps has been carried out to create model of water distribution network

using WaterGEMS:

Step 1: Create model with help of basemap of existing network

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Figure. IV.1 Water Distribution Network Model of Ward No 12

Step 2: WDN model georeferenced using AutoCAD 2016 software which is useful in

water demand allocation at each junction.

Figure IV.2 Georeferenced WDN model

Step 3: With the help of Trex function elevation value assigned to all junction

Figure 3 Assigning Elevation Value

Step 4: ESR data input include diameter of ESR, capacity of ESR and base elevation

value Figure 4 ESR Data Input

ANALYSIS

Junction Report: It includes 1061 number of junctions. All junction nodes have positive

value. Pressure is varies between 2 to 3 kg/cm2

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Pipe Report: It includes 1063 number of pipes. Reverse flow found in following pipes P-

300,P-954,P-978,P-980

Figure 5 P-300 Figure 6 P-954

Figure 7 P-978 Figure 8 P-

980

Due to elevation difference between two junction reverse flow is occurring

Figure 9 Pressure at all nodes

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V. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The authors convey a deep sense of gratitude to Dr. Vaishali Mungurwadi, Principal,

Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology and Prof (Dr.) Pratima A. Patel, Faculty

Head-Civil Engineering, Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology, Surat for

consistent support and motivation.

VI. CONCLUSION

The main aim of this study is to analyze the water distribution network and identify any

problem (if any).At the end of the analysis it was found that the resulting pressure at all nodes

and the flows with their velocities are sufficient to provide to the study area. This study

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