an ontology to make the delos reference model and the 5s ...m. agosti, n. ferro, g. silvello an...

Maristella Agosti, Nicola Ferro, and Gianmaria Silvello Information Management Systems (IMS) Research Group

Department of Information Engineering (DEI) University of Padua, Italy

12th Italian Research Conference on Digital Libraries (IRCDL 2016) 4-5 February 2016, Florence, Italy

An Ontology to Make the DELOS Reference Model and the 5S Model Interoperable

M. Agosti, N. Ferro, G. SilvelloAn Ontology to Make the DELOS Reference Model and the 5S Model Interoperable IRCDL 2016, 4-5 February 2016, Florence, Italy

Outline

Interoperability in the context of Libraries, Archives, and Museums (LAM)

Semantically mapping between DL foundational models to foster deeper interoperability

Digital annotations as a use case example

2

Where are we?


LAM: Heterogeneity, Commonalities, Interoperability

4


Digital Library Models

5

Minumum Digital Library

Streams

Structures

Spaces Scenarios

Societies DL

Universe

Content

User

Functionality

Quality

Policy

Architecture

5S Model DELOS Reference Model


Current Approach to Interoperability

6

5S DLS1 DELOS DLS2

DAT

ALO

GIC

BU

SIN

ESS

LOG

ICP

RES

ENTA

TIO

N

LOG

IC

Data Mapping Ontology

Scenarioβ

Scenarioγ

Scenarioδ

foaf:Agent

FunctionA

FunctionB

FunctionC

FunctionD

Society ψ Actor W

Our Contribution


Proposed Approach to Interoperability

8

Functionality[Enrich Profile]

Data[User]Operates on

5S DLS1 DELOS DLS2

DAT

ALO

GIC

BU

SIN

ESS

LOG

ICP

RES

ENTA

TIO

N

LOG

IC

DL Foundational Models Ontology

Data Mapping Ontology

Scenarioβ

Scenarioγ

Scenarioδ

FunctionA

FunctionB

FunctionC

FunctionD

foaf:Agent

Society ψ Actor W


High Level Concepts

9

Quality Parameter

rdfs:subclassOf

rdfs:subclassOf

ims:expressAssessment

Actor

Resource

Group

rdf:subclassOf

ims:belongTo

rdfs:subclassOf

Function

rdfs:subclassOfims:actOn

ims:perform

InformationObject

rdfs:subclassOf

Policyrdfs:subclassOf

ims:regulatedByims:hasQuality

ims:expressedBy

ims:hasMetadata

ims:hasAnnotation

DigitalLibrary

DigitalLibrarySystem

DigitalLibrary

ManagementSystem

ims:extend

ims:deploy

ims:support

ims:manageims:manageims:manage

Society Scenario Stream

Space

StructureCommunity

Actor

Service DigitalObject

ims:belongTo

ims:belongTo

ims:use

ims:run

ims:interact

ims:composeims:employ

ims:employ

ims:employ

ims:define

ims:belongTo

ims:define

schema:similarToschema:similarTo

schema:similarToschema:similarTo

5S M

odel

DELO

S Re

fere

nce

Mod

el

ims:yield

rdfs:subclassOf

ArchitecturalComponent

ims:shape

ims:employ

ims:produce

ims:engage

ims:use

ims:conflictWith

QualityDimension

ims:assessmentOf

schema:similarTo

ims:employ

ims:composedBy

ims:expressedBy

ims:implement


The User Domain

10

Resource rdfs:subclassOf Actor

Group

ims:play

rdf:subclassOf ims:belongTo

foaf:Agent

owl:sameAs

org:Role

schema:isSimilarTo

swco:Role

schema:isSimilarTo

foaf:Group

owl:sameAs

rdfs:subclassOf

Community rdfs:subclassOf

org:Organization

schema:isSimilarTo

Society

Community

Actor

ims:belongTo

ims:belongTo

Role

skos:broader

End-User

DL Designer

DL SystemAdmininistrator

DL ApplicationDeveloper

skos:broader

skos:broaderskos:broader

mvco:EndUser

schema:isSimilarTo

akt:System-Administrator

schema:isSimilarTo

ims:association

DistributedComputer

skos:broader

Human

skos:broader

ElectronicAgents

skos:broader

rdfs:Resource

schema:similarTo

owl:sameAs

schema:isSimilarTo

schema:similarTo

schema:similarTo

DELO

S Re

fere

nce

Mod

el

5S Model

LOD Cloud

LOD Cloud


The Content Domain

11

Resource

InformationObject

rdfs:subclassOf ims:expressedBy

ims:hasMetadataims:hasAnnotation

Collection

ims:belongTo

rdfs:subclassOf

Ontology Query

ims:expressedBy ims:expressedBy

ims:hasIntension

ims:hasView

ims:hasEdition

ims:hasManifestation

Metadata

Annotation

PrimaryInformation

Object

skos:broader

skos:broader

skos:broader

Space

Stream

StructureDigitalObject

ims:belongTo

ims:define

ims:define

Text

Audio

Video

Image

skos:broader

skos:broader

skos:broader

skos:broader

ims:contain

ims:contain

Collectionschema:similarTo

schema:similarTo

ims:belongTo

Repository

ims:store

MetadataCatalog

MetadataSet

Metadata

ims:belongTo

ims:belongTo

ims:belongTo

ims:store

fabio:Metadata

schema:isSimilarTo

dcat:Catalog

schema:isSimilarTo

fabio:Catalog

schema:isSimilarTo

foaf:Image

cidoc:Information

Object

schema:isSimilarTo

schema:isSimilarTo

dcTypes:Image

schema:isSimilarTo

dcTypes:MovingImage

schema:isSimilarTo

dcTypes:Sound

schema:isSimilarTo

dcTypes:Text

schema:isSimilarTo

oa:Annotation

schema:isSimilarTo

dcTypes:Collection

schema:isSimilarTo

fabio:Repository

schema:isSimilarTo

schema:isSimilarTo

schema:similarTo

schema:SearchAction

schema:isSimilarTo

owl:Ontology

owl:sameAs

DELO

S Re

fere

nce

Mod

el

5S Model

LOD Cloud

LOD Cloud

ims:shape


The Function Domain

12

Resource

Actor

Function

ims:perform

rdfs:subclassOf

rdfs:subclassOf

ims:actOn

ims:interactWith

Access Resource

skos:broader

Manage Resource

skos:broader

Collaborate

skos:broader

Manage DL

skos:broader

Manage andConfigure

DLS

skos:broader

itsmo:Utility

schema:isSimilarTo

LOD Cloud

snarm:Access

schema:isSimilarTo

Scenario

Service

ims:compose

Event

ims:isContained

ims:precede

ims:extend

Index

skos:broader

Browse

skos:broader skos:broader

Actor

ims:use

ims:run

ims:interact

schema:isSimilarTo

Search

skos:broader

skos:broader

skos:broader

5S Model

DELO

S Re

fere

nce

Mod

el

schema:similarTo

An Example

Digital Annotations

14

Sign

dls1.org/manuscript/135/page/12

http://dbpedia.org/resource/Carraresi

a1

This illumination presents an extraordinay search

for realism

Sign

Meaning

rdfs:comment

Sign

The Roccabonella Herbal illumination is clearly copied from the Carrarese Herbal one,

as it …

Meaning

dcmi:isVersionOf

Meaningrdfs:seeAlso

u1

DLS1(DELOS Reference Model)

DLS2(5S Model)

The Web

dls2.org/herbal/roccabonella/fig4


Interoperability of Digital Annotations

15

ims:yield

skos:broader

skos:broader

ims:yield

DLS2(5S Model)

schema:similarToskos:broader

schema:isSimilarTo

skos:broader

skos:broaderschema:similarTo

ims:actOn

skos:broader

ims:employ

ims:employ

ims:define

ims:define

ims:shape

InformationObject

oa:Annotation

Annotationa1

Function

Access Resource Service

BrowseRead

Annotation

Stream

Structure

DigitalObject

a1

schema:similarTo

cidoc:Information

Object

schema:isSimilarTo schema:isSimilarTo

LOD Cloud

ArchitecturalComponent

SoftwareArchitectureComponent

AnnotationWeb

Service

DLS1(DELOS Reference Model)

Actoru2

Actoru2

AccessPermission

Information Object

p1

ims:regulatedBy

ims:regulatedBy

ims:expressedBy

ims:regulatedBy

ims:perform

ims:use

DigitalObject

p1

ims:define

ims:define

schema:similarTo

ims:yield

ims:regulatedByPolicy

skos:broader

schema:similarTo

schema:isSimilarTo

dcTerms:Policy

schema:isSimilarTo

fabio:Policy

schema:isSimilarTo

foaf:Agent

schema:isSimilarTo

schema:isSimilarTo

LOD Cloud

schema:isSimilarTo


Conclusions

We addressed the need for interoperability among DLS at a high level of abstraction and we show how this is achieved by a semantically-enabled representation of foundational DL models

We moved a step forward in making interoperability among DL closer to the ISO definition, since it provides the high level concepts needed to communicate, execute programs or transfer data, by representing the knowledge required in a minimal and consistent manner

Much work is still ahead of us, since the proposed ontology needs to be operationalized into actual DLS and, probably, it will need to be extended both to accomplish specific details that arise when you make actual systems interoperate and to address peculiar needs of specialised domains, which may depart from the common general view

16

Interoperability is “the capability to communicate, execute programs, or transfer data among various functional units in a manner that requires minimal knowledge of the unique characteristics of those units” [ISO/ IEC 2382-2015]

an ontology to make the delos reference model and the 5s ...m. agosti, n. ferro, g. silvello an...

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