An Evaluation on Different Salt Tolerant Boro Rice Varieties in Gher Areas of Bangladesh

A.K.M. Ferdous Senior Specialist- Agricultural Research & Development

CSISA-BD, IRRI, Jessore Hub a.ferdous@irri.org

Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia in Bangladesh (CSISA-BD)

This study supported and conducted by the USAID funded CSISA-BD project and

it’s direct clients CSISA-BD is implemented through a partnership among three CGIAR centers- IRRI, CIMMYT and

WorldFish aims to test and disseminate improved agricultural technologies to raise farming

households income.

Acknowledgement

GOBESHONA for creating scope to share climate change experiences

Outline 1. What is gher ?

2. Context of gher areas

3.Experimental site

4. Background of experimental

site

5. Objectives of the experiment

6. Methodology

7. Findings

8. Recommendation

‘Gher’ means an enclosure which is modified from rice field, building higher dikes, and excavating a canal several feet deep inside the periphery to retain water during the dry/boro season for prawn/shrimp and carp poly culture system.

• Total 7 districts (Bagerhat, Khulna, Satkhira, Jessore, Narail, Pirojpur, Gopalgonj) under gher area in South west of Bangladesh

• About 40% of total agricultural land under ghers (DAE & DoF)

• In non saline gher total 80% of gher land covered by BRRI dhan28

• In saline gher 70% land covered by hybrid and 10% with inbred rice varieties, only shrimp/shrimp+carp poly culture in 10-20% land.

• Significant knowledge gap in management practice of rice cultivation like new varieties, transplanting time, seedling age, judicial fertilizer use

• Yield reduction by 40-90% due to salinity

• Potentiality: Variety and management practice

Context of gher areas

Experimental site Santala village

Kakbandhal village

Bangladesh Map

Sufalakati union

Keshabpur

Jessore

Map (Keshabpur Upazila) Map (Jessore District)

Introduction of Sufalakati Union (ref. Census -2011)

Direction: Southwest of Bangladesh Village: 17

Geographical loc.: N= 22.91° and E= 089.33° Literacy rate 49.92%

Total land area: 14.0 sq.km. Agricultural dependant 69.44%

Population: 19190

i) Before 2002 : Santala and Kakbandhal with another 12 villages

surrounds Beel Khuksia. It was with sweet water and Aus/Aman, pulse

& oil crops, water melon, Jute and natural fish in monsoon there.

ii) From 2002-2005: Prawn in monsoon and BRRI dhan28/China in dry

season

iii) From 2006-2012: Saline water logged for 7 years since 2006 due to allow

opening of sluice gate saline water canal. Sweet water Beel Khuksia

becomes Saline water Beel Khuksia. Resulted saline siltation, no crops,

no cultural fish.

iv) Salinity effect on livelihood: Started struggle for lives and livelihoods in

new environment. Community people became jobless, converted farmer

to day labour and catching fish from saline beels.

v) In December, 2012: Community raised embankments to protect tidal

water.

vi) In 2013: Excavated gher but already salinity in soil and water. Searching

for proper rice and aquaculture practice with suitable verities.

Background of experiment

To identify suitable salt tolerant

boro rice varieties in saline Gher

Objectives

Methodology Farmers participatory field experiment

Treatments: BINAdhan8, BINA dhan10, BRRI dhan47, SL8H,

Hira-1 (99-5)

Experimental Design: RCBD (dispersedly replicated with 18 farmers) Season: Boro 2014 Average plot size: 100 m²

Findings

Water and soil salinity

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10

Mo

nd

er

Sori

ful

Mo

ho

r N

ozr

ul

Raz

zak

Mo

zah

ar

Bab

ul

Izah

ar

Saif

ul

Qu

dd

us

Izah

ar

Sera

z A

fsar

Si

dd

iqu

r Li

ton

B

alu

p

ori

mal

P

hu

l

ds/

m

Farmer Status of soil salinity in Santala

and Kakbandhal village

Soil salinity

Santala Kakbandhal

9 9

8

7 7 7

6

7

8

6 6 6 6 6 6 6

8

10

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

ds/

m

Trend of water Salinity from Dec’13 to Aug’14

Canal Gher

Salinity effect at Seedling stage

BRRI dhan28 BRRI dhan50

Salt tolerant varieties

(HV & SPV)

Grain Yield

6.20

6.40

6.60

6.80

7.00

7.20

7.40

BINA dhan8 BINA dhan10 BRRI dhan47 Hira-1 (99-5) SL8H

Yie

ld [

t/h

a]

Santala Kakbandhal

7.20 7.26

6.98

7.26 7.29

6.89

6.65

7.25 7.31

7.02

Yield status of salt tolerant boro rice varieties

Cost and Return

Average Production Cost (APC) Vs. Average Gross Return (AGR)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

BINA dhan8 BINA dhan10 BRRI dhan47 Hira-1 (99-5) SL8H

1598 1750

1519 1633 1683

951 963 950 995 985

Ave

rage

[$

/ha]

AGR APC

Variety Preference by Farmers

Ric

e C

oo

kin

g &

Ta

ste

Farm

ers

’ F

ield

Day

Fra

me

r’s

pre

fere

nc

e w

as

te

ste

d

fro

m r

ice

fie

ld t

o t

ab

le

SL8H

Hira-1 (99-5)

BINA

dhan-10

Grain shattering Tendency

BINA

dhan-8

BRRI

dhan47

From 2 Farmer’s Field Day (N= M-81, F-29)

Out of 5 varieties BINA dhan-10 chose by 70% farmers.

Higher yield & market price

Keeping seed by their own and cheaper

From cooking and taste

demonstration

(N=M-26, F-15)

BINAdhan-10 chose by -80% farmers.

Non sticky and good taste of steamed and fermented rice

Results of preference test

Recommendations

According to Farmer’s preference BINAdhan-10 can be recommended for saline ghers due to more profit and better taste than those of other rice varieties tested.

Joint effort of government departments, research organizations, development partners and private sectors to undertake substantial research, technology dissemination initiatives and supply quality inputs for continuous enhancement of this sector.

THANKS