an economically feasible portable water purifying bottle for the flood affected zones
TRANSCRIPT
An Economically Feasible Portable Water Purifying Bottle
for the Flood Affected Zones
Department of Mechanical Engineering
College of Engineering, GuindyAnna University, Chennai
STUDENT ARJUN M
ARUN KUMAR P S BIBIN JOE SSURYAPRAKASH S
GUIDE
DR. K. SHANMUGA SUNDARAM ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGCOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, GUINDY, ANNA UNIVERSITY
CO-GUIDES
DR. R. JAYAVEL PROFESSOR & DIRECTOR
CENTRE FOR NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ANNA UNIVERSITY
DR. D. SANGEETHA ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGANNA UNIVERSITY
lid
membrane filtered water outlet - holemicro filtration membrane filterinlet – ball operated check valve
contaminated water case
nanofiltration using nanoparticles (Ag) embedded nanocomposites (CA)
activated carbon filtrationpiston with a head
piston handle
Created using Pro-E wildfire 5.0
clean water outlet
hydro sponge
CAD Design
micro filtration membrane filter
• Synthetic microfiltration membranes .
• Can withstand transmembrane pressure given by hands
• Can halt the bacteria in m size𝜇
• Non-toxic and commercially available
• Preferable for short-term applications
Membrane filtration
MF – Micro Filtration; UF – Ultra Filtration; NF – Nano Filtration; RO – Reverse Osmosis
Transmembrane pressure ≈ 2.05 bar (0.7 to 3.4)Force that can be given by an adult human ≈ 550 N (500 N to 600 N) – for safety concern we’re considering 300 N to 700 N
Pressure = ; x = diameter of cylinder = 45 mm
When applying 300 N, Pressure = 1.90 barWhen applying 400 N, Pressure = 2.50 barWhen applying 500 N, Pressure = 3.14 barWhen applying 600 N, Pressure = 3.77 bar
When applying 700 N, Pressure = 4.40 bar
Calculation
Al2O3
H2O
SLURRY
SOLUTION 1 CH3COOH(C6H11O4)n
SOLUTION 1
STIR
CH2(CH2-CHO)2
STIR
REFRIGERATE DRY CA
Prepared nanocomposite is referred as CA which abbreviates to give Chitosan and Alumina
Nano FiltrationPreparation of Chitosan Alumina
nanocomposite
CA
REDISPERSED CA
REDISPERSE IN WATER
AgNO3
Sodium borohydr
ide < 283 K
WASH WITH WATER
Ag-CA
STIR
DRY AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
Ag-CA is the final product which is silver nanoparticles embedded CA nanocomposites
• Non-soluble• High shear stress
Embedding of silver in the chitosan-alumina nanocomposite
• Low price
• Non-toxic
• Abundantly available
• Eco-friendly preparation (by burning the ordinary carbon in no presence of air)
Activated Carbon Filtration
Manufacturing• Separate die must be prepared to make this
product as it contains many cartridges• The piston must be prepared in a high strength
plastic to withstand.• HDPE plastic other polymer materials are
suitable to manufacture the product.• The membranes, activated carbon, raw
materials for nanocomposite synthesis are commercially available and economically feasible.
• Efficient water purification aid in the flood affected areas
• Stranded people will be get benefitted.
• Example: Uttarakhand floods of 2013.
• Instead heavy water cans, military personnel can use this for short-term operations.
• Can be scaled up to meet the demands.
• Can be mass-producible.
Scope
Future Works• The efficiency of Ag-CA will be fine-tuned
using volume vs. mass analysis of water vs. Ag-CA
• More suitable (low cost, high wet resistance, high transportability, less transmembrane pressure) membrane will be chosen and used.
• Other fouling, scaling problems will be addressed and will be attempted to make this as a commercial / long-term water purifier used anywhere.
References1. “A TED Talk by Michael Pritchard” on July 2009 at Oxford, England
and the video content is available on TED.com
2. “Preparation and Application of alumina/chitosan biocomposite” by Rajiv Gandhi, N. Viswnathan, S. Meenakshi of Gandhigram Rural University, Dindigul published by International Journal of Biological Macromolecules May 13, 2010 in vol. 47 and page no. 146 – 154.
3. “Biopolymer-reinforced Synthetic Granular Nanocomposites for Affordable Point-of-use Water Purification” by Mohan Udhaya Sankar, Sahaja Aigal, Shihabudheen M. Maliyekkal, Amrita Chaudary, Ansuhup, Avula Anil Kumar, Kamalesh Chaudhar&Thalappil Pradeep from Unit of Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, IIT-M, published by PNAS on May 21, 2013 in vol. 110, no. 211 and page no. 8459 – 8464.
4. “Membrane Technologies For Water Applications – Highlights From A Selection Of European Research Projcts” by European Commission.
5. United States PatentPatent No : US 7,824,546 B1 Patent Title : Canteen