tweed : solar, energy industry in wallonia

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Cluster Technology*of*Wallonia*Energy,*Environment*and*sustainable*Development*

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY

IN WALLONIA

April&2015&

INTRODUCTION

The Cluster TWEED & Wallonia

TWEED : “Sustainable Energy” Cluster in Wallonia

!  Created in 2008

!  More than 100 members: SME’s, Universities, R&D centers, NPO’s, …

!  Mission: Networking, Promotion, Project Leading, …

!  Workgroups: solar energy, biomass, wind power, energy efficiency, …

!  Full partner of research projects in EU

!  Main Partners for International : Renewable Energy Club Agoria & AWEX

Cluster TWEED: Our members

TWEED members are companies having HQ in Wallonia or in Brussels, active in the sustainable energy sector.

Type of companies: •  General contractor / integrators in energy sector •  Technology developper •  Components manufacturer •  Services: engineering, consultancy, carbon traders, financial and

legals partners •  Investment companies •  R&D centers, universities •  Training •  Public partners •  …

Cluster TWEED: Our members

Searh by criteria on our website

**WALLONIA****

*BRUSSELS***

*FLANDERS**

TWEED* is *work ing *with…*

RES in Wallonia

•  Belgium : o  Traget in Belgium (2020 - EU) :

" RES : 13% " Greenhouse gaz : - 15%

•  Wallonia :

o  Target : " 20 % share of RES in final energy demand for

2020 " 8000 GWh RES-electricity

• "inhab."(2008):"3.456.775"• "Surface:"16.844"km²"• "PIB/inhab"(2007):"21.600"€"• "Final"Energy""demand"(2010)":"141"TWh"• "5,5"toe/hab"(EU"3,8"toe/inhab)"• "PDM"RES":"7"à"8"%""

Wallonia Green Certificates mechanism

Wallonia Green Certificates mechanims:

1.  Growing obligation % of renewable power based on yearly electricity sales for each power supplier

2.  Penalty for the share that is not covered by Certificates (x €/ missing GC)

3.  Market for exchanging Certificates between green producers and suppliers needing them

4.  Regulatory body in each region granting the Certificates and surveying the market

5.  Certified bodies for inspecting the green power plants and the bio-fuel resources

Wallonia Green Certificates mechanism

SOLAR*ENERGY*INDUSTRY*IntroducSon"

SOLAR ENERGY: advantages

Source: Solar Generation 6, EPIA & Greenpace

SOLAR ENERGY: ressource

Solar energy is one of the most abundant energy source in the world

World Solar Resource map illustrates average daily solar insolation in Watts/square

NB: Solar energy available per year in Belgium: 1000GWh/m2

SOLAR*ENERGY*INDUSTRY*The"market"

SOLAR ENERGY: Few Numbers for Belgium

PHOTOVOLTAIC Installed capacity (end 2013) = 2.896 MWc Distribution in Belgium: •  Installed capacity in Wallonia : 641 MWc

•  Installed capacity in Brussels : 36 MWc

•  Installed capacity in Flanders : 2.192 MWc

The production can cover 16 % of the consumption of Belgian housing.

Source: APERe

SOLAR*ENERGY*INDUSTRY*

""Mapping"of"actors":"methodoly"www.solarpvwallonia.be""

PV mapping : objectives

List all Walloon and Brussels actors with capacity for technological innovation in the solar photovoltaic industry: companies, R & D centers, universities, colleges …

1.  Identify actors with integrated skills in the value chain in the solar PV industry;

2.  To position the Walloon know-how (and Brussels) compared to industry needs and challenges in technological innovation;

3.  Promote these skills at national and international events

PV mapping: milestones

1.  Identify the "flow process" (with cost analysis) and challenges in technological innovation for the different solar PV technologies;

2.  Conduct a mapping of Walloon stakeholders (companies, R & D centers, training actors, ...), or not involved in the solar PV sector, which have integrated skills in the value chain of the solar PV;?

3.  Targeting opportunities Walloon expertise in relation to industry needs and challenges in technological innovation;

4.  Stimulate the development of investment projects and R & D in the Walloon Region

5.  Promote these skills both in Belgium and abroad.

PV solar technologies

Which treatment?

Silicon PV Thin film PV Concentration PV

Organic PV

First generation : silicon PFV

1.  FormaSon"of"silicon"from"silica"(SiO2)"to"give"the"metal"silicon"(MGZSi)"

2.  Conversion"of"MGZSi"to"silicon"of"‘solar"quality’"(SoGZSi)"3.  SoGZSi"successively"formed"into"lingots"4.  Lingots"and"blocks"are"sliced"(wafer)"5.  Wafers"are"then"used"to"manufacture"solar"cells"6.  Modules"are"assembled"from"solar"cells""

Second generation: thin film PV

Substrat"(verre,"acier,"plasSque...)"

Substrat"+"TCO"

Substrat"+"TCO"+"couche"

acSve"Cellule" Module"

1.  ProducSon"of"the"substrate"2.  A"conducSve"layer"is"deposited"on"the"substrate"3.  A"semiconductor"photoacSve"layer"is"deposited"4.  To"complete"the"cell,"the"metal"electrodes"are"deposited"5.  The"cells"are"then"connected"and"encapsulated"to"obtain"

the"module"""

Thrid generation : concentration PV

Substrat" Wafer" Cellule"

LenSlle"

Module"

Suiveur"

Système"CPV"

1.  Le"suiveur"peutZêtre"uniaxial"ou"biaxial""2.  The"cell:"the"acSve"layers"are"deposited"on"a"substrate,"usually"

germanium."3.  Two"main"types"of"opScal"concentraSon"systems"are"available:"the"

refracSve"type"that"uses"Fresnel"lenses"and"the"reflecSve"type"that"uses"one"or"more"mirrors"

4.  The"follower"may"be"uniaxial"or"biaxial""

New generation : organic PV

Matériaux"(substrat,"

couche"acSve,"électrodes...)"

Techniques"de"déposiSon" Cellule"

IntégraSon"&"applicaSon"

finale"

1.  Materials:"it"contains"the"acSve"components"but"also"substrates"and"materials"such"as"useful"gas"for"implementaSon,"solvents"…"

2.  DeposiSon"techniques:"prinSng"(rollZtoZroll"coaSng,"spray"coaSng),"vacuum"deposiSon,"…"

3.  The"cell:"successive"deposiSon"of"various"layers"on"the"substrate."4.  FormaSon"of"a""module""or"direct"integraSon"to"the"applicaSon."

Important Peu important

1.#Proximité#d'installa2ons#existantes#

2.#Proximité#de#la#demande#

3.#Poli2que#d'inves2ssement#favorable#

4.#Main#d'oeuvre#compé22ve#

5.#Usinage#compé22f#

Silicium# Lingots# Cellule# Panneau# Installa2on#

Value Chains: key Factors of attractiveness

By*analyzing*the*key*factors*of*aKracLveness*for*each*stage*of*the*value*chain,* it* seems* that* the*more*we* advance* in* the*manufacturing* steps,*more*compeLLve*labor*and*machining*and*favorable*investment*policies*become*important.

Source : Frost and Sullivan

2.  Conduct a mapping of Walloon stakeholders (companies, R & D centers, training actors, ...), or not involved in the solar PV sector, which have integrated skills in the value chain of the solar PV;

PV mapping : questionnaire

The*quesLonnaire*consists*of*two*value*chains*in*which*all*the*actors*had*to*be*posiLoned*according*to*their*competencies:*•  The"horizontal*value*chain"called"

value"chain"business,"includes"all"the"trades"associated"with"the"photovoltaic"sector"

•  The"verLcal*value*chain*called"technological"value"chain,"takes"all"the"skills"of"the"players"for"each"link"of"the"chain"(system"components,"technologies"...)

PV mapping : statistics

Actors contacted by post and email (120 by the way of the bases of BDD + NACE)

Players that have completed the form

Actors satisfy the criterion "Technological Innovation Capacity"

Profile of identified actors

AssociaSon" Centre"R&D"Département"universitaire" Entreprise"Centre"de"formaSon"

PV mapping : statistics Skills of the identifed actors

Etude,*consultance*&*financement*

34*20%*

R&D*&*services*29*17%*

FormaLon*&*labellisaLon*d'entreprises*

Composants**sytème*18*11%*

Technologies*22*13%*

DistribuLon*&*installaLon*

28*16%*

Monitoring*23*13%* Recyclage*

PV mapping : statistics Skills of the identifed actors (core business)

Consultance*et*engineering*

5*Centre*de**formaLon*

Recherche*et*développement*

CerLficaLon*&*labellisaLon*

Fabricant**composants*&*technologies*

Développeur**projets*

FabricaLon*module*

InformaLon*&*sensibilisaLon*

Recyclage*4*

InstallaLon*16*

Monitoring*5*

TierscinvesLssement*

Number*of*jobs*of*technological*players*in*the*photovoltaic*sector*included*in*the*mapping*

Note:"registered"office"and"/"or"operaSonal"in"Wallonia"and"Brussels"

Number*of*jobs*in*the*photovoltaic*sector

380* 180*

Ouvrier* Employé* Ingénieur*

Job*creaLon*within*5*years*in*the*photovoltaic*sector

Ouvrier* Employé* Ingénieur*

Jobs: qualitative analysis Searched*profiles*by*industry

Profils qualifiés Profils très qualifiés Profils recherchés Profils Profils recherchés Profils

Couvreur ✔ Chimiste ✔ Electricien

Ingénieur civil spécialisé (chimiste, architecte, mécanique, électronique…)

Technicien spécialisé (démontage, métrologie, télé-relève)

✔ Informaticien ✘

Technico-commercial spécialisé en photovoltaïque

✔ Statisticien ✘

Ouvrier qualifié ✔ Dessinateur industriel ✘ ✔: Profil rare Physicien ✘ ✘: Profil recherché Docteur en sciences ✘

Value chain: added value analysis

Silicium" Wafer" Cellule" Panneau" InstallaSon"

10%""""""""""11%""""""""8%"""""""""13%""""""""58%""""""""2011""

9%""""""""""""14%""""""""16%"""""""21%""""""""40%""""""""2008""

By"analyzing"these"results,"taking"into"account"the"added"value"generated"*"from"the"early"stages"of"producing"a"panel"to" installaSon,"we"can"see"that"the"Walloon*players* are* acLve* in*much*of* the* value* chain*and" have" the"skills*to*respond*to*potenLally*more*than*70%*of*the*added*value*of*the*enLre*value*chain.

*"The"definiSon"of"value"added,"which"is"used"in"this"case,"is"based"on"the"difference"between"the"selling"price"of"a"product"and"the"selling"price"of"the"raw"material"used"to"manufacture"it.

Research in photovoltaics in Europe

Research in photovoltaics in Wallonia

Source : Réactif 69

InnovaSon"in"the"PV"sector"is"fundamental:"•  Increased"efficiency"(cZSi),"cost"

reducSon"(CPV),"increased"lifeSme"(OPV),"…"

•  BIPV:"new"applicaSons,"less"well"posiSoned"sites,"flexibility,"aestheScs,"…"

•  Network"integraSon"•  Availability"of"materials"•  Costs/m2"instead"of"Cost/kW

Topics"of"research"projects"of"surveyed"players"(39"respondents)

Examples*of*research*projects*of*surveyed*players •  Improved*BIPV*&*Components*

•  PVZGUM"(Derbigum"...):"development"of"photovoltaic"thin"membranes"incorporated"in"Roofing"

•  Mirage"(Arcelor,"AGC,"...):"development"of"surface"coaSngs"(thin"film)"

•  New*use*of*PV*texLles,*reloading*terminal,*PVcPAC*…*•  DEPHOTEX"(Nanocyl"Centexbel,"...):"Development"of"photovoltaic"

texSles"based"on"novel"fibers"•  NextcgeneraLon*technology*(CPV,*OPV,*...):*

•  WalZIDZSOL"(CSL,"Amos,"...):"Widely"achromaSc"Lens"based"on"InnovaSve"DifZ"FracSve"micropauerns"for"CPV"

•  MINOTOR"(Materia"Nova,"UMONS"...):"SelfZOrganized"tailored"nanomaterials"for"opScal"and"electrical"properSes"

•  SUNTUBE"(UMONS)::"New"Organic"Materials"for"PV"Cells"IncorporaSng"Carbon"Nanotubes"

•  NaNOROD"(Ulg):"Development"of"new"photovoltaic"cells"based"on"ZnO"nanowires"

Examples*of*research*projects*of*surveyed*players •  PredicLon*&*Monitoring:*telemetry,*producLon*opLmizaLon,*fault*

detecLon*…*•  Premasol"(GreenWatch,"ULg,"ULB,"MenSs):"addiSon"of"a"forward"

lever"and"steering"PV"installaSons"•  Spices"&"EnergizAIR"(APERe"...):"monitoring"/"diagnosScs"infraZday"

producSon"of"PV"systems"•  Recycling*

•  Solarcycle"(Comet"Treatments,"Recma"...):"enhancement"of"PV"panels"from"out"of"use"of"the"silicon"die"

Trends digging

•  Monitoring of facilities (VA for installation channel) & Integration of solar PV in the network (Smart & Micro Grid) & Prediction (energy monitoring that better integrates the weather forecast)

•  Integration of PV directly to the frame: BIPV sector (do not see PV as an investment a posteriori) in connection with improving the module components: more efficient glass, plastic glass fixing system

•  Development of new materials: breaking technology (OPV, nanomaterials, new PV materials assets, ...)

•  Recycling of panels: research efficient and sustainable recycling technologies, development of encapsulation methods for rare materials, ...

SOLAR*ENERGY*INDUSTRY*

""Mapping"of"actors":"value"chain"www.solarpvwallonia.be""

PV industry: value chain Tweed members

•  Raw*material*suppliers*(Si,*Cd,*Te,*steal,*polymers,*etc.)*

•  Gas*suppliers*

•  Tracker*suppliers*•  Electronique*and*

balance*of*system**(BOS)*

•  inverter*•  integrators*

•  Sojware*for*SimulaLon*of*ingot*growth*

•  Wafer*suppliers*•  SemiconducLng*tape*

suppliers**•  Purified*material*

suppliers*•  Subsrate*suppliers*

•  Components*integraLon*

•  Frame*suppliers*•  Cable*suppliers*•  Encapsulant*

suppliers*•  Lense/*mirror*

suppliers*•  Fixing*tape*suppliers*

•  Installer*•  Energy*suppliers*

Material****Developement

and material production

Cells* Modules* IntegraLon*InstallaLon*

and**Maintenance*

Recycling*

SOLAR INDUSTRY: Mapping of actors in Wallonia

Training"&"Company""

R&D"and"services"

Systems"components"

Studies"&"Consultancy"&"Funding"

Technologies"DistribuSon"

&"InstallaSon"

Control"&"Monitoring" Recycling"

FormaSon"&"LabellisaSon"entreprises"

R&D"&"Services"

Composants"système"

Source Photos : Eliosys Forem.

Elextra.

R&D"&"Services"

Etude"&"Consultance"&"Financement"

Source photos : CSL,

Femagsoft, Eliosys,

station polaire.

Supply"of"raw"

materials"

ImplementaSon"raw"materials"

Module"

IntegraSon"

Others"

Technologies"

Source photos: AGC, Câblerie

d’Eupen,

Technologies" DistribuSon"&"InstallaSon"

Source photos: Decube,

Issol.

SOLAR INDUSTRY:Mapping of actors in Wallonia

GesSon"&"Monitoring"

Source photos : AGC,

Derbigum, de Simone,

Supply"of"raw"

materials"

ImplementaSon"raw"materials"

Module"

IntegraSon"

Others"

DistribuSon"&"

InstallaSon"

GesSon"&"Monitoring" Recyclage"

Source photos: Derbigum,

Sunswitch, Energreen.

Source photos: FreeMind, Meterbuy.

Recyclage"

Source photos: Enerzine.

SOLAR INDUSTRY: Mapping of actors in Wallonia FormaSon"&"

LabellisaSon"entreprises"

R&D"&"Services"

Mapping of actors : the website www.solarpvwallonia.be

www.pvsolarwallonia.be"

SOLAR*ENERGY*INDUSTRY**

Actors"from"Wallonia:"a"few"examples"

De Simone manufactures single & dual axis solar trackers, from 5 to 60 m2 but also innovative solar tracker combined with a small wind turbine"(DuoVolt).&

www.desimone.be

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : de Simone

De Cube Consult ELIOSYS&offers&the&services&of&its&clima<c&

solar&simulator&to&all&companies&ac<ve&in&the&thermal&solar&or&photovoltaic&energy&business&for&:&&

&•  Solar&tes<ng&&•  Cer<fica<on&&•  Characteriza<on&of&any&material&under&

specific&environmental&condi<ons&•  Engineering&services&•  …&

www.eliosys.eu

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : Eliosys

De Cube Consult

ISSOL&manufactures"building*integrated*photovoltaic*

soluLons"(BIPV).&

www.issol.eu

Europe’s"biggest"architectural"BIPV"4.400"m2"PV"(semiZtransparent)"

"Galaxia&J&Euro&Space&Center&&(Redu,&BE)&

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : Issol

Energy solutions Product examples : -Derbisolar® combines a highly durable roofing membrane, Derbisolar base®, with integrated amorphous photovoltaic solar cells for generating electricity. Eco Solutions Product example: Derbipure®, the membrane’s raw material is mainly composed of « green » substances, this makes Derbipure the first vegetable roofing membrane in the world. Roofing Solutions Derbigum has a life span of 30 years

www.derbigum.com

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : Derbgum

www.csl.ulg.ac.be

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : CSL

The solar energy applications unit of CSL provides design, prototyping and test capabilities for solar energy developments (photovoltaics and thermal). Assets: •  High quality standards of the space

industry. •  Other CSL units: microfabrication,

coating, smart sensors, holography, crystal growth,…

•  Specialized in Concentration PhotoVoltaics.

Research consultancy dedicated to wind farm and photovoltaic plant studies: connections with the grid...

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : DeCube

info@decube.be

Materianova : Technological Platform R&D : Plastic materials Surface treatments and interfacial characterization White biotechnology Analyses and Tests Surface Characterization Biodegradation Degradation/ Corrosion/ ageing Guidance Three Research Centers (CRM, CoRi and Materia Nova) are associated together to form an association of scientific interest, the GIS surface and materials

www.materia-nova.com

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : Materia Nova

www.gdfsuez.com

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : GDF Suez Energy Services

GDF Suez Energy Services in Belgium (Fabricom, Axima Contracting, Axima Services,…): •  Installation of PV systems for industrial,

commercial and tertiary sectors (< 500KWpeak)

•  Engineering services •  Preliminary phase (Studies) •  Co-financing •  Maintenance

www.green-invest.be

SOLAR ENERGY INDUSTRY Example : Green Invest

Green-invest is a third-investor in the field of the energy efficiency and renewable energies. •  AGC Cuneo (Italy): 4 MW-PV installation on

industrial roof •  AGC Roccasecca (Italy): 1.5 MW-PV on

industrial roof •  AGC Salerno (Italy): 3 MW-PV on industrial roof

and rubbish tip

www.greensun.be www.sunswitch.be www.elsingor.com

SOLAR INDUSTRY: Installation & assembly

•  Biggest Walloon PV installers •  More than 400 MW PV installations in Belgium in 2010 •  Innovative monitoring systems

Most of the projects developed in these

entities are in collaboration with industrial partners

SOLAR INDUSTRY: R&D centres and Universities

SOLAR THERMAL

SOLAR THERMAL : Technology

The solar thermal energy is a technology for harnessing solar energy for thermal energy

Applications:

•  hot water for houses

•  hot water for large installations

•  Cooling systems

ESE is a solar heating systems manufacturer

Chevetogne Swimpool: Built in 1979 Surface: 2200 m2 Still producing heat in 2010

www.ese-solar.com

SOLAR THERMAL : Actors form Wallonia

30"years'"experience"

ARCEO,&a&subsidiary&company&of&ArcelorMi-al,& is&located& in& Liège& (Belgium)& and& has& an& industrial&produc<on&line&totally&dedicated&to&PVD&(Physical&Vapour&Deposi<on)&technology.&&&This& technology& enables& many& different& types& of&new& development& that& can& be& applied& to& every&market& in& which& the& ArcelorJMiYal& Group& is&ac<ve:&energy2management& (solar& and& ligh<ng),&automo<ve,&construc<on,&industry&etc.&&Products22for2solar2industry2:2Selec<ve2coa<ng2for2solar2absorber2(solarceo2on2copper2&2solarceo2on2aluminium)2

www.arceo.be

SOLAR THERMAL : Actors form Wallonia (R&D)

AC System : thermally

driven cooling

process

Laboratory"tests"inaugurated"in"June"2011"

SOLAR THERMAL : Actors form Wallonia (R&D)

SOLAR INDUSTRY: Concentrated Solar Power

www.cmigroupe.com www.agc-glass.eu

Mapping of actors : the website www.greenheatwallonia.be

www.greenheatwallonia.be

Try the interactive view !

www.REWallonia.be Now online!

TWEED*Asbl*Rue*Natalis*2*–*4020*Liège*–*Belgium*

Bricout*Paul*Project"engineer"

pbricout@clustertweed.be"

Olivier*Ulrici*Project"engineer"

oulrici@clustertweed.be""

Cédric*Brüll"Director"

cbrull@clustertweed.be"

www.clustertweed.be"

tweed : solar, energy industry in wallonia

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