treatyofversaillesandgreatdepression
Post on 15-Apr-2017
1.691 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Treaty of Versaillesand theWorldwide Depression
UNIT 2 NOTES
In November 1918 Germany surrenders to the Allied countries. The most powerful ones, being France, USA
and Britain, wanted to create a treaty that clearly explained what Germany would now have to do.
BUT WHAT SHOULD THEY DO?
WHEN: January 1919WHEN: January 1919 Allied countries could not agree on what
the treaty should include, but... They could agree on WHERE it should take
place: A French palace in a city called Versailles (near Paris)
Why? After World War I,
leaders from countries involved in the war met here to write a treaty (peace talks)
Treaty outlined the terms of the winners and what they expected of the losing country
• Step 2) Begin debate with the other leaders about how to deal with Germany (20 min.)
• Step 3) Begin to divide up the resources of Germany (10 min.)
• Step 4) Complete the chart detailing how you dealt with Germany (15 min.)
• Step 5) Receive the description of the true Treaty of Versailles and compare to your Treaty of Versailles (10 min.)
Why did they all react so Why did they all react so differently?differently?
Many Historians believe that disagreements happened
because the war affected the countries in many different ways.
WHAT COUNTRIES WERE INVOLVED...
750,000 men died
Spent nearly $8 billion of which $1
billion was borrowed from the USA
Some British people blamed
Germany for the war and wanted
revenge
The British Prime Minister thought that if the Treaty was too harsh,
then Germany might one day start another war.
I don’t want to cripple Germany in the Treaty. I think that this could start
another war in the future, but people in Britain want Germany to pay.
They joined in 1917 and lost They joined in 1917 and lost 113,000 men.113,000 men.
USA’s homeland was never attacked
USA wanted a ‘softer’ treaty because they thought Germany was important for the future...
Woodrow Wilson: I don’t agree with France. It’s probably because we didn’t suffer nearly as much as the French. However, I want to
focus upon setting up the League of Nations.
The U.S. did not join the League of Nations for fear of being drawn into more wars. This also means the U.S. did not sign the Treaty of Versailles.
Most of the fighting took place in Northern
France.
1,250,000 men died
Germany stole 90% of France’s coal and iron in 1914
Many roads and factories had been
destroyedI want to make sure that Germany pays for the problems it has caused us. We suffered the most in World War I, and we demand revenge and reparations
Clemencau
FRANCE
USA
BRITAIN
“SIGN THE TREATY OR WE WILL INVADE YOU……IT’S YOUR
CHOICE!”28 June 1919
The treaty was dictated to Germany-- they did not have a say in it.
LEAGUE OF NATIONS
MASSIVE ARMY CUTS
The Army was cut to just 100,000 men, the Navy could only have 6 battleships, and
they were not allowed to build any new planes, tanks, or
submarines.
GERMAN LAND GIVEN AWAY
Germany lost land to France, Poland, Belgium, and Denmark. An area of Germany was even separated from the
mainland.
GERMANY’S EMPIRE
All of Germany’s colonies were taken away and given
away to the Allied countries.
PAY COMPENSATION
This was known as reparations.
Germany had to pay $33 billion
dollars.
Treaty of Versailles
WHAT DID THE TREATY ACCOMPLISH?WHAT DID THE TREATY ACCOMPLISH?
This organization of nations would cooperate to keep peace.
Not only did Germany lose about 10% of its land, it also consequently lost 10% of its population. German people were now living in foreign countries.
Land taken away from Germany under the treaty of Versailles
“Today in the Hall of Mirrors of Versailles the disgraceful Treaty is being signed.
Do not forget it. The German people will press forward to reconquer the place among nations to which we deserve. Then will come revenge for the shame of 1919.”
Excerpt from a German newspaper on the day the treaty was signed...
Germany was a proud country due to its military strength and strong traditions of dominance within
that area of Europe. However, the treaty of Versailles created different feelings:
The war had left Germany almost bankrupt. As its
people starved and the country lay in
chaos, the Allies gave them a bill (Treaty of Versailles) that they
simply could not afford to pay...
RESULT: German money become
worthless
German money was German money was only good for only good for starting fires…starting fires…
HOW DID THE U.S. HELP HOW DID THE U.S. HELP GERMANY?GERMANY?
The Dawes PlanReduced the amount Germany owed
Set payments Germany could handle
Loaned Germany $200 million
Worldwide DepressionGermany wasn’t the only country who suffered
In the 1930s, countries around the world fell into a worldwide economic depression
WHY?...
USA's Economic USA's Economic DepressionDepression 1929—USA experienced a stock market crash Value of stocks began to
drop so stockholders began to sell their stocks as fast as they could
Businesses could no longer sell their goods because people had less money to spend, so many had to close & workers lost their jobs
People couldn’t repay their loans to the bank, so they lost everything (homes, farms, etc.)
Worldwide Economic Worldwide Economic DepressionDepression Businesses around the world traded with
the US: When the US stopped buying goods, it hurt
businesses in other countries When US banks closed, banks in other countries
were hurt too Stockholders in other countries could no longer
sell their stocks to American companies As businesses and factories around the
world closed one by one, buying and selling almost stopped…
top related