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THE READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
OF THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP 2 GEBOG
KUDUS IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014 TAUGHT BY USING
STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD)
By
SANTI NOOR VIYANA
NIM. 2009-32-078
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
ii
iii
THE READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
OF THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMP 2 GEBOG
KUDUS IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014 TAUGHT BY USING
STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD)
SKRIPSI
Presented to the Muria Kudus University
In Partial fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana
Program
In English Education
By
SANTI NOOR VIYANA
NIM. 2008-32-078
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
iv
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO:
In this life we can’t always do great things.
But, we can do small things with great dreams.
So, don’t ever give up to get our dream.
DEDICATION:
This final project is dedicated to
Allah SWT, my great power.
My beloved father H. Noor Dayat
and my mother Hj. Siti Chotimah.
My brother (Eko Wahyono, ST.) and
my sisters (Veny Widayanti, Amd.
and Vista Nila Hidayat, S.Pd.).
My beloved nephew Moh.Tito Rezqya
Pratama.
My beloved boyfriend Aniq
Widiasprasetyo.
v
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the sarjana skripsi of Santi Noor Viyana (NIM.2009-32-078)
has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approved by the examining
committee.
Kudus, September 2013
Advisor I
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.Pd.
NIS. 0610701000001187
Advisor II
Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd.
NIP. 19570616-198403-1-015
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.
NIP. 19621219-198703-1-001
vi
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the sarjana skripsi of Santi Noor Viyana (NIM.2009-32-078)
has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement of the Sarjana
Degree in the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language.
Kudus, September 2013
Thesis Examining Committee
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.Pd. ,Chairperson
NIS. 0610701000001187
Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd. , Member
NIP. 19570616-198403-1-015
Fajar Kartika, SS, M.Hum. , Member
NIS. 0610701000001191
Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M. Pd , Member
NIS. 061701000001155
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd
NIP. 19621219-198703-1-001
vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Alhamdulillah. Praise to Allah, my gratitude runs to Allah who gives me
an exceptional power in accomplishing my skripsi entitled “The Reading
Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2
Gebog Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 Taught by Using Student Team
Achievement Division (STAD).
I realize, without any support, suggestion, encouragement, and guidance
from many people I would not be able to finish this skripsi. In this opportunity I
would like to express her deep appreciation to:
1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Muria Kudus University,
2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd, the Head of English Education Department of
Muria Kudus University.
3. Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.Pd, as the first advisor who has given me a
guidance, correction and suggestion in accomplishing this research.
4. Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd as the second advisor who has given me a guidance,
correction and suggestion in accomplishing this research.
5. Abdullah Noor, S.Pd, as the Headmaster of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus who has
given permission to conduct the research.
6. Faridah, S.Pd as English teacher of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus who has given
permission and opportunity to herby doing the research.
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7. My beloved parents H. Noor Dayat and Hj. Siti Chotimah for their love,
support, and patience.
8. My brother (Eko Wahyono, ST.) and sisters (Veny Widayanti, Amd. and Vista
Nila Hidayat, S.Pd.) who always give me spirit.
9. My beloved boyfriend Aniq Widiasprasetyo who always loves and gives me a
big support.
10. My best friends in UMK (Liza, Afria, Anis, Tanti, Khalim, Darra, Ayu, Eni,
and Ganish), from SMA (qiqi’, cumi, mbahlul, tuyul, mbak lowo, capung, mas
bowo, and dyan) thanks for support and togetherness.
11. My friends in KKN Papringan Josse (Erni, Susi, Dani, Ali, and Dita) thanks
for togetherness.
12. And to all my friends that I can’t mention one by one.
Finally, I will happily welcome any constructive criticsm and
suggestion. Hopefully, the skripsi would give contribution for teacher and
students.
Kudus, September 2013
Santi Noor Viyana
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ABSTRACT
Viyana, Santi Noor. 2013. The Reading Comprehension of Descriptive text of the
Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic Year
2013/2014 Taught by Using Student Team Achievement Division (STAD).
Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education
Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors (i) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo,
S.Pd, M.Pd. (ii) Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd.
Keywords: Reading Comprehension, Student Team Achievement Division
Reading comprehension is one of important skills in teaching and learning,
especially at the level of education. In fact, the English teacher stated that most of
the seventh grade students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus still get difficulties in reading
comprehension especially descriptive text. It was found that the students get
difficulties in understanding the meaning of the English text. It is caused by their
lack of vocabulary so that they have a difficulty in understanding meaning word
by word. Most of the students also stated that reading is long and boring activity.
Considering that reasons, the writer want to apply Student Team Achievement
Division (STAD) as technique to improve students’ reading comprehension
especially descriptive text.
The objective of this research is to find out whether or not there is a
significance difference between the Reading Comprehension of Descriptive text
of the Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic Year
2013/2014 before and after being taught by using Student Team Achievement
Division (STAD).
The population of this research was the seventh grade students of SMP 2
Gebog Kudus in academic year 2013/2014. The writer uses cluster random
sampling technique in taking the sample of the research. The writer gets VII A as
the sample of the research. There are 32 students. The design of this research was
experimental research. The writer uses one group pre-test and post-test.
The result of this research can be seen that the calculation of t-test, with
the level of significance 0.05, the degree of freedom (df) is 31, and t-table (tt)
2.04, the t-observation (to) 11.59. In the other words, t-observation falls in the
critical region. The reading comprehension of descriptive text of the seventh grade
students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus after being taught by using Student Team
Achievement Division is “good”. It is showed by the mean is 80.68 and the
standard deviation is 8.79. It is higher than the mean of the reading
comprehension of descriptive text of the seventh grade students of SMP 2 Gebog
Kudus before being taught by using Student Team Achievement Division in
academic year 2013/2014 which the mean 69.75 and standard deviation is 7.90. It
is categorized as “sufficient”.
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Based on this research result above, the writer concludes that STAD can
improve the reading comprehension of the students. Therefore, the English
teacher can apply STAD as effective technique in teaching process in order to
help the students improve their reading comprehension, especially for English
reading texts.
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ABSTRAKSI
Viyana, Santi Noor. 2013. Pemahaman Membaca Teks Deskriptif Para Siswa
Kelas VII SMP 2 Gebog Kudus Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014 yang Diajar
dengan Menggunakan Student Team Achievement Division (STAD).
Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan
Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing (i) Agung
Dwi Nurcahyo, S.Pd, M.Pd. (ii) Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd.
Kata Kunci: Pemahaman Membaca, Student Team Achievement Division
Pemahaman membaca adalah salah satu keterampilan penting dalam
proses belajar mengajar, terutama di tingkat pendidikan. Bahkan, guru bahasa
Inggris menyatakan bahwa sebagian besar siswa kelas VII SMP 2 Gebog Kudus
masih mendapatkan kesulitan dalam pemahaman membaca khususnya teks
deskriptif. Ditemukan bahwa para siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami
arti dari teks bahasa Inggris. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya kosakata sehingga
mereka memiliki kesulitan dalam memahami makna kata demi kata. Sebagian
besar siswa juga menyatakan bahwa membaca adalah aktivitas panjang dan
membosankan Menanggapi alasan-alasan tersebut, penulis ingin mengaplikasikan
Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) sebagai teknik untuk meningkatkan
pemahaman membaca siswa khususnya teks deskriptif.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan perbedaan yang signifikan
antara pemahaman membaca teks deskriptif para siswa kelas VII SMP 2 Gebog
Kudus tahun ajaran 2013/2014 sebelum dan sesudah diajarkan dengan
menggunakan Student Team Achievement Division (STAD).
Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP 2 Gebog Kudus
tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. Penulis menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel
secara acak dan kelompok. Penulis mendapatkan kelas VII A sebagai sampel
penelitian. Terdapat 32 siswa dalam kelas tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis
menggunakan penelitian eksperimen sebagai rancangan penelitian. Penulis
menggunakan satu kelompok untuk kelompok pre-test dan post-test.
Hasil dari penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan t-test pada
tingkat signifikan 0.05, Degree of Freedom (Df) adalah 31, dan t-table (tt) 2.04, t-
observation (t0) 11.97. Dengan kata lain, t-observation jatuh di daerah kritis.
Pemahaman membaca teks deskriptif siswa kelas VII SMP 2 Gebog Kudus
setelah diajarkan menggunakan STAD tahun pelajaran 2012/2013 adalah “baik”.
Hal tersebut dapat di tunjukkan dengan nilai rata-rata dengan rata-rata nilai 80.68
dan standard deviation dengan nilai 8.79. Nilai tersebut lebih tinggi dibandingkan
dengan rata-rata pemahaman membaca teks deskriptif siswa kelas VII SMP 2
Gebog Kudus sebelum diajarkan menggunakan STAD tahun pelajaran 2013/2014
dengan nilai rata-rata 69.75 dan nilai standard deviation adalah 7.90. Dengan nilai
tersebut dapat dikategorikan “cukup”.
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Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa STAD
dapat meningkatkan pemahaman membaca para siswa. Sehingga para guru
Bahasa Inggris dapat mengaplikasikan STAD sebagai teknik pengajaran efektif
dalam proses pengajaran dengan tujuan untuk membantu para siswa untuk
meningkatkan pemahaman membaca mereka khususnya naskah bacaan berbahasa
Inggris.
xiii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER ........................................................................................................ i LOGO .......................................................................................................... ii
TITLE ......................................................................................................... iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION .................................................................... iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ........................................................................ v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ....................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................ ix
ABSTRAKSI ............................................................................................... xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................... xiii
LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................... xvii
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................... xviii
LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................. xix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research .............................................................. 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem .................................................................. 4
1.3 Objectives of the Research ................................................................. 5
1.4 Significance of the Research .............................................................. 5
1.5 Scope of the Research ........................................................................ 5
1.6 Operational Definition ....................................................................... 6
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE AND
HYPHOTHESIS
2.1 Teaching English in SMP 2 Gebog Kudus ........................................... 7
2.1.1 Curriculum of Teaching English in SMP 2 Gebog Kudus ................. 8
2.1.2 Purposes of Teaching English in SMP 2 Gebog Kudus ..................... 8
2.1.3 The Material of Teaching English in SMP 2 Gebog Kudus ................. 9
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2.1.4 The Technique of Teaching English in SMP 2 Gebog Kudus ......... 10
2.2 Reading Comprehension ....................................................................... 11
2.2.1 The Purpose of Reading Comprehension ............................................. 12
2.3 Genre .................................................................................................... 15
2.3.1 Types of Genre .................................................................................... 15
2.4 Descriptive Text .................................................................................. 18
2.4.1 Social Function .................................................................................... 19
2.4.2 Generic Structure ............................................................................... 19
2.4.3 Language Features .............................................................................. 21
2.5 Teaching Technique ............................................................................ 21
2.5.1 Types of Teaching technique ............................................................... 22
2.5.2 Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) .................................... 23
2.5.3 The Advantages of Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) ...... 25
2.5.4 The Disadvantages of Student Team Achievement Division
(STAD) ................................................................................................. 26
2.6 Teaching Reading Descriptive Text by using STAD ........................... 26
2.7 Previous Research ............................................................................... 29
2.8 Theoretical Framework ...................................................................... 30
2.9 Hypothesis ........................................................................................... 31
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
3.1 Research Design ................................................................................... 32
3.2 Population and Sample ........................................................................ 33
3.3 Instrument of the Research ................................................................... 34
xv
3.4 Data Collecting .................................................................................... 37
3.5 Data Analysis ....................................................................................... 37
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 Finding of the Research ..................................................................... 41
4.1.1 The Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the
Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic
Year 2013/2014 before being Taught by Using Student Team
Achievement Division (STAD) ........................................................ 41
4.1.2 The Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the
Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic
Year 2013/2014 after being Taught by Using Student Team
Achievement Division (STAD) ........................................................ 44
4.2 Hypothesis Testing ........................................................................... 47
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
5.1 Discussion .......................................................................................... 49
5.1.1 The Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the Seventh
Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic Year
2013/2014 before being Taught by Using Student Team
Achievement Division (STAD) .......................................................... 49
5.1.2 The Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the Seventh
Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic Year
2013/2014 after being Taught by Using Student Team
Achievement Division (STAD) .......................................................... 50
5.1.3 The Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the Seventh
Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic Year
2013/2014 before and after being Taught by Using Student
Team Achievement Division (STAD) ................................................ 52
xvi
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................ 55
6.2 Suggestion .......................................................................................... 56
BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................... 57
APPENDICES ............................................................................................ 59
STATEMENT .............................................................................................. 117
CURRICULUM VITAE .............................................................................. 118
xvii
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
3.1 The Criteria Assessment of the Reading Comprehension of
Descriptive Text............................................................................. 35
3.2 The Criteria of Reliability of the Reading Comprehension of
Descriptive Text............................................................................. 36
4.1 The Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the
Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in
Academic Year 2013/2014 before being Taught by Using
Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) .............................. 42
4.2 Frequency Distribution Table of the Reading
Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the Seventh Grade
Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic Year
2013/2014 before being Taught by Using Student Team
Achievement Division (STAD). .................................................... 43
4.3 The Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text of the
Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in
Academic Year 2013/2014 after being Taught by Using
Student Team Achievement Division (STAD). ............................. 44
4.4 Frequency Distribution Table of the Reading Comprehension
of Descriptive Text of the Seventh Grade Students of SMP
2 Gebog Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 after being
Taught by Using Student Team Achievement Division
(STAD). ......................................................................................... 45
xviii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
4.1 The Polygon of the Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text
of the Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in
Academic Year 2013/2014 before being Taught by Using
Student Team Achievement Division (STAD). ............................... 43
4.2 The Polygon of the Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text
of the Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in
Academic Year 2013/2014 after being Taught by Using Student
Team Achievement Division (STAD). ............................................ 45
4.3 Sampling Distribution of the Reading Comprehension of
Descriptive Text of the Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2
Gebog Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 before and after
being taught by Using Student Team Achievement Division
(STAD). ........................................................................................... 47
xix
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
1. Syllabus of the Seventh Grade students of SMP 2 Gebog
Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 in the odd semester. .............. 59
2. Lesson Plan of Teaching Reading Comprehension of
Descriptive Text Being Taught by Using Student Team
Achievement Division . ................................................................... 62
3. The Table of Specification to measure Reading
Comprehension of the Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2
Gebog Kudus. .................................................................................. 86
4. Test of Reading Comprehension of Descriptive Text Being
Taught by Using STAD. .................................................................. 87
5. The Answer Sheet of Test Reading Comprehension of
Descriptive Text Being Taught by Using STAD. ............................ 94
6. The Key Answer of Test Reading Comprehension of
Descriptive Text Being Taught by Using STAD. ............................ 95
7. The Tabulation of Try Out of V11 B Class of SMP 2 Gebog
Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014. .............................................. 96
8. The Try Out Score Test of Reading Comprehension of
Descriptive Text of VII B Class of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in
Academic Year 2013/2014............................................................... 97
9. The Calculation Reliability of Try Out Test. ................................... 98
10. The List of Students VII B Class (Try out) and VII A Class
(Pre test and Post Test) of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic
Year 2013/2014. ............................................................................... 99
11. The Team Division of The Seventh Grade Students of SMP 2
Gebog Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 Taught by Using
Student Team Achievement Division (STAD). ............................... 101
12. Team Name and team members. ...................................................... 102
13. The Scoring Quizzes of The Seventh Grade Students of SMP
2 Gebog Kudus In Academic Year 2013/2014 Taught by
Using Student Team Achievement Division (STAD). .................... 103
14. The Recapitulation of the team score of the Seventh Grade
Students of SMP 2 Gebog Kudus In Academic Year
2013/2014 Taught by Using Student Team Achievement
Division (STAD). ............................................................................. 104
15. The scoring of the Super Team. ...................................................... 106
16. The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the
Reading Comprehension of The Seventh Grade Students of
SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic year 2013/2014 before
being Taught by Using Student Team Achievement Division. ....... 109
xx
17. The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the
Reading Comprehension of The Seventh Grade Students of
SMP 2 Gebog Kudus in Academic year 2013/2014 after
being Taught by Using Student Team Achievement Division. ....... 111
18. The Calculation of T-Test (t0). ........................................................ 113
19. Critical Value of T-table. ................................................................. 116
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