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13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen1
Sustainable feedstocks for
commercializing BTL
BTLtec 2008
Roundtable forum of BTL players
Gothenburg
October 13, 2008
Harri Turpeinen
Mailto:harri.turpeinen@nesteoil.com
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen2
EU sustainabilitycriteria in makingFrench presidencycompromise proposal on Sept 10, 2008
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen3
1st hearing procedure
European Commission
European Parliament
ITRE committee responsible
European Council
COREPER task force
European Parliament
Proposal in Jan 2008
All committee decisions completed in September, 347 pages in ITRE
decision
Task force proposal in September for negotiation with EuropeanParliament
Plenary vote on December 16, 2008
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen4
Sustainability criteria for biofuels and
other bioliquids( Cuts from Presidency compromise proposal)
Biofuels and other bioliquids shall be taken into account for the purposes listed under points (a), (b) and (c) only if they fulfil the sustainability criteria set out in paragraphs 2 to 5:
(a) measuring compliance with the requirements of this Directive concerning
national targets;
(b) measuring compliance with renewable energy obligations;
(c) eligibility for financial support for the consumption of biofuels and other bioliquids.
However, biofuels and bioliquids produced from waste and residues, other than agricultural and forestry residues, need only fulfil the sustainability criterion set out in paragraph 2 in order to be taken into account for the purposes listed under points (a), (b) and (c).
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen5
2. The greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and other
bioliquids taken into account for the purposes referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be 35% (ITRE committee 45%).
With effect from 2017, the greenhouse gas emission saving from the use of biofuels and other bioliquids taken into account for the purposes referred to in
paragraph 1 of this Article shall be 50% (ITRE committee from 2015 60%).
3. Not be made from raw material obtained from land with high biodiversity value, that is to say land that had one of the following statuses in or after January 2008, whether or not the land still has this status:
(a) primary forest and other wooded land, where there are no clearly visible
indications of human activities and the ecological processes are not significantly disturbed;
(b) (i) areas designated by law or by the relevant competent authority for nature protection purposes; or
(ii) areas for the protection of rare, threatened or endangered
ecosystems or species recognised by international agreements or included in lists drawn up by intergovernmental organisations or the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, subject to their recognition in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 16(4);
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen6
(c) (i) highly biodiverse natural grassland, that is to say grassland that would remain grassland in the absence of human intervention and which is species-rich, not fertilised and not degraded; or
(ii) highly biodiverse non natural grassland, that is to say grassland that would cease to be grassland in the absence of human intervention and
which is species-rich and not degraded, unless evidence is provided that the harvesting of the raw material is necessary to preserve its grassland status.
4. Biofuels and other bioliquids taken into account for the purposes referred to in
paragraph 1 shall not be made from raw material obtained from land with high carbon stock, that is to say land that had one of the following statuses in January 2008 and that no longer has this status:
(a) wetlands, that is to say land that is covered with or saturated by water permanently or for a significant part of the year, including pristine
peatland;
(b) continuously forested areas, that is to say land spanning more than 1 hectare with trees higher than 5 metres and a canopy cover of more than 30%, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ.
This paragraph shall not apply if, at the time the raw material was obtained, the
land had the same status as it had in January 2008.
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen7
5. Agricultural raw materials cultivated in the Community shall be obtained in accordance with the requirements and standards under the provisions referred to under the heading "Environment" in Part A of Annex III to Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003 and in point 9 of Annex III to that Regulation and in accordance with the minimum requirements for good agricultural and environmental condition defined pursuant to Article 5(1) of that Regulation.
5a.The Commission shall report every two years to the European Parliament and the Council, in respect both of third countries and Member States, on national measures taken
– to respect the sustainability criteria and for soil, water and air protection.
– on the impact on social sustainability in the Community and in third countries of increased demand for biofuel, and
– on the impact of EU biofuel policy on the availability of foodstuffs at affordable prices, in particular for people living in developing countries, and wider development issues.
– Reports shall address the respect of land use rights. They shall state, both for third countries and Member States that are a significant source of raw material for biofuel consumed within the Community, whether the country has ratified and implemented eight Conventions of the International Labour Organisation (not included in this presentation)
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen8
Sustainability
verification –Neste Oil experience
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen9
Refinery based NExBTL unit
Pretreatment
Feeds in:
Vegetable Oil
and Animal Fat
Acid
Caustic
Water
Hydrogen
Oil/Fat
Products out:
Sludge
Water
Sour water
Bio fuel gas
Biogasoline
NExBTL DieselNExBTL Diesel
NExBTL-Unit
Traditional way of looking on conversion process.
However, more holistic view on the whole life cycle was needed to improve the performance
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen10
NExBTL:
Measuring GHG Emissions over the product chain
•Research Methodology is based on standards.
Research and results can be verified.
•The research will be published.
•Applying principles of system theory
•Life Cycle Analysis as described in standardsSFS-EN ISO 14040:2006 and 14044:2006
•Greenhouse gas calculation as described in
standard SFS-ISO 14064-1:2006
•Assessment based on guidance given in
Carbon Reporting Within the Renewable
Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO) •First transparent methodology prepared
and piloted in cooperation between
industry, environmetal experts and
authorities
•Comparable assessment by using
methodology described in EU RES-directive
proposal
Palm OilRapeseedAnimal Fat
Cultivation /
Production
Oil Processing
Transport
Pretreatment
NExBTL
ProcessH2 -production
Transport
Product use
(1) (1)
(1)
(1) Examples of input data attached
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen11
Modules of NExBTL LCA for GHG emission assessment
Crude palm oilprocessing
Rapeseed oilprocessing
Animal fatprocessing
Pretreatment
NExBTLprocess
Product use
Transport of raw materials Processchemicals
productionTransport
Primary data source
Oil palm
cultivation
Rape plant
cultivation
H2 productionat site Catalysts
production
Transport
Otherraw materials
Drying of solid waste
Waste water
plant
Energy
conversionof solid waste
Transport
Propane
Transport
RE
FIN
ER
Y
Waste water
Gasoline
production
NExBTLbiodiesel
Gasoline
Animal andslaughterhouse waste
Water
Energy
Steam
Secondary data source
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
NExBTL, palm oil EU, palm oil NExBTL, rapeseed oil EU, rapeseed oil
gCO2e/MJ NExBTL
Transport anddistribution
Processing
Cultivation
NExBTL product chain – Total greenhouse gas emissionsaccording to proposal for EU directive on promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources
EU sustainability limit
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen13
NExBTL product chain – total energy consumption
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
100% palm oil(fossil and
renewable energy)
100% palm oil(fossil energy)
100% rapeseed oil(fossil energy)
100% animal fats(fossil energy)
MJ / MJ NExBTL Product transport
Production of NExBTL
Transport of rawmaterials
Cultivation andprocessing of rawmaterials
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen14
Inputs & outputs of animal fat (AF) processing
Size reduction
Melting
Separation
Pressing
Energyconversion
Waste
water
treatment
Steam
212 MJ
1t raw materials
Heat to
network425 MJ
Heavyfuel oil
2630 MJ
cat.1 fat
used as a fuel
44 kg (1648 MJ)Feed meal
247 kg
cat.1 chips
132 kg
Animal fats
76 kg
Water 500 kg
Solid waste 13 kg
Recycled waste 0.6 kgHazardous waste 0.03 kg
Waste water 900 kg
CO2: 155 kg
NOx: 1 kgSOx: 1.7 kg
Source: Environmental permit of Finnish rendering plant
Sludge
333 kg
Energy production
Process
chemicals
13.10.2008 Harri Turpeinen15
Thank you.
www.nesteoil.com
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