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Sub-Saharan Africa
Current News and Weather Setting the Boundaries Physical Geography Desertification Deforestation Return Exam 2
For Next Class: Read Chapter 7
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
2
Setting the Boundaries
• Africa south of the Sahara Desert– 48 states plus one
territory
• Young population• Heavy burden of
slave trade and colonialism
• Known for poverty, disease, violence, and refugees
Victoria Falls
Physical Geography
• Plateau continent– Gondwana
• Great escarpment– The Rift Valley
• Volcanic Mountains– Kilimanjaro
• Infertile soils
Congo River
Watersheds
• Major river systems– Congo– Nile– Niger– Zambezi
• Source of water and energy
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
5
• Bisected by equator– Climates and
vegetation patterns are almost a mirror image
• Abrupt escarpment near the coast
• Absence of major mountain ranges
• Few good natural harbors
Interesting Observations
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
6
Climate
• Describe the climate zones you pass through as you travel from the Equator south to the Tropic of Capricorn.
Vegetation
• Tropical forests– The Congo Basin
• Savannas – Large fauna
• Deserts
Savanna
Namib Desert
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
8
African Biomes
Tropical Forest
Figure 6.8Deserts
Savanna
Figure 6.7
Figure 6.5
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
11
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
13Figure 6.9
Environmental Issues – Overview
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Environmental Issues
• Desertification
• Deforestation
• Climate change
• Urban challenges
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Desertification in the Sahel
• Sahel– Zone of
ecological transition
– Transhumance
• Desertification– Prolonged
drought– Overgrazing– Colonial influence
on agricultureSahel in Bloom
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Deforestation
• Issues – Increased run off– Soil erosion– Wildlife habitat– Hardship
• NGOs – Green Belt
Movement– Experiments with
bambooPlanting Bamboo
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