seal basic 4

Mechanical SealsGeneral Purpose Mechanical Seals

-For Automotive Water Pumps-For Automotive Air Conditioning Compressors-For Turbochargers-For Refrigerator Compressors-For Home Appliances-For Truck Rollers

Industrial Mechanical Seals-For Chemical Process Pumps -For High Speed Rotating Equipment's

Rubber Materials-Kalrez

Sealing Face materials-Ceramics-Metal- Ｃ arbon

Special Mechanical Seals-Circumferential Segment Seal-Non-Contact Seal-Piston Ring Seals

Metal Gaskets-C -Seals-E -Seals Marine Products

-Stern Tube Seals-Stern Tube Bearings Metal Bellows

-Welded Metal Bellows-Bellows Devices-Precision Bellows （ Hydroformed Bellows/Electro Deposit Bellows)

Couplings and Bearing-Diaphragm Couplings-Flexure Pivot Tiling Pad Bearing

Special Valves-Welded Metal Bellows Valves-Others

Large Valves for Nuclear

Power Plants-For Automotive Air Conditioning Compressors

Lip Type SealsSelf-Acting Gas Seals NF9

Main Products

Automotive Industry-seal & valves

Water Pump Mechanical Seals

More than 70 % shares in the world market.

Reed Valves

60% shares in the world market.

Automotive-Air Compressor Seal & Control Valve

Control Valves for Air Compressor

Lip Type Seals for Air Compressor

Over 75% shares in the world market

Hot oil testing equipment

Propane testing equipment

API Complied Long Life Mechanical Seal

Gas Seal

Bi-directional Self-Acting Gas Seal Diaphragm coupling

NF9

Diaphragm Coupling

Marine Aerospace

We assure products with extensive testing equipment

Gas seal testing machine

High pressure and High speed Seal testing machine

Slurry seal testing machine

Agitator Seal testing machine

Rigorous testing of our API seals at EKK Japan

Qualification testing

Hot oil testing equipment Propane testing equipment

OUR API 682 FIRST EDITION QUALIFIED SEALS COMPLY TO THE SECOND EDITION QUALIFICATION ALSO

API 682 CERTIFICATE

Basics of Mechanical seals

LEAKED FLUID

GLAND PACKING ARRANGEMENT

Advantages v/s disadvantages of Gland Packing

Only Advantage

Low cost alternative

Disadvantages ??? Many …...

•Loss of product

• A potential source of pollution!!!

•Asbestos is banned in all developed countries!!

•More friction leading to more heat generation, less efficiency

•Less bearing life due to entry of water in bearings

•Higher maintenance cost

•More down time

•More Power Consumption

Is there any other solution ?

Yes!!! Somebody said ….Mechanical seals!!

IT IS A DEVICE THAT PREVENTS /

RESTRICTS UN- DESIRABLE FLOW OF FLUID

IN THE ROTATING EQUIPMENT FROM HIGH

CHAMBER PRESSURE TO LOWER SIDE.

It consists of precise machining

parts and seals mechanically.

And that is why it is called a

“Mechanical seal”.

What is a Mechanical Seal

How does it function ???

GlandPump stuffing box

Media

Seal Ring Mating Ring

Almost no leakage

How does it look ???

Seal ring packing

MR packingGland gasket

Faces

BASIC SEAL WORKS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF :

THIN LIQUID FILM BETWEEN A ROTARY AND STATIONARY FACE. ONE SOFT FACE AND ONE HARD FACE ROTATING AGAINST EACH OTHER.

NO INTERRUPTION IN LIQUID FILM.

NO GAS PHASE TO PREVENT FACE CONTACT.

NO SOLID PARTICLES TO DAMAGE SEAL FACE.

PRINCIPAL OF SEALING

Component of Mechanical SealEx.Component of BA640(Bellows Ace)...

Sliding Face Ring

(Mating Ring)

Sliding Face Ring

(Seal Ring)

Packing ・ Spring Component ・Driving Component(Metal Bellows)

Packing

(O-Ring)

Packing

(O-Ring)

Driving component

(Set Screw)

Key point of Mechanical Seal ～ Sliding Face ～

Carbon(Material) etc.

Sic,WC etc.

Fluid

Atmosphere

Gap (0.5 ～2.5μm)

Expand

Key point of Mechanical Seal ～ Sliding Face ～If the gap of the Sliding If the gap of the Sliding

faces...faces...Too wide

Big leakageToo

narrowSeizure & damage the Sliding faceProper (0.5 ～

2.5μm)High performance & Long life

For making the gap of the Sliding Faces For making the gap of the Sliding Faces proper...proper...•To finish the flatness and the roughness of the Sliding Faces super precisely.

•To add the suitable and flat pressure to the Sliding Face.

•To assemble accuracy.

Classification

• Balance Ratio - Balanced / Unbalanced

• Mounting method - Inside / Outside

• Flexible elements - Springs / Bellows

• Rotation - Springs rotating/stationary

• Arrangements - Single / Dual

SEAL CATEGORIES

• O ring seals• Wedge seals

• More material options• Higher Pressures• Easier to manufacture

• Metal Bellows

• Rubber Bellows

• PTFE Bellows

• No ‘hang up’

• Better leakage rates

• Better abrasive handling

• More tolerant to misalignments

PUSHER SEALS(NON BELLOWS)

NON PUSHER SEALS(BELLOWS)

Unbalanced seal

Hydraulic Load plus Spring load Close Faces

Area “A” always Greater than Area “B”

Face stress is therefore high High Temperature

High face wear

Balanced sealSeals need to be Hydraulically balanced, to seal pressures > 10 Bars G

Balanced Diameter

In balanced seal Hydraulic load through Area “A” isis spread over Larger area “B”.

The resultant stress is lower than Unbalanced seal

Design Features

• Springs

– Provide The Initial Closing Force

– Are Very Important At Low Pressures

– Are Not So Important At High Pressures

Design Features

• Springs– For High Speed Seals Use Stationary Springs

(25m/s Typical Break Point)

FLEXIBILITY

`O’ RING

`V’ PACK

PTFE WEDGE

RUBBER BELLOWS

PTFE BELLOWS

METAL BELLOWS

PUSHER TYPE

SEALS

SINGLE PUSHER SEALSINGLE PUSHER SEAL

SINGLE COIL SPRING SEALS

LONG PITCH BETWEEN COILS AVOIDS CLOGGING OF SPRINGS, IN SLURRY APPLICATION. SINGLE COIL SPRING IS STURDY TO KEEP FACES IN CONTACT TONGUE & GROOVE DRIVE IS STRONG DRIVE TO AVOID SLIPPAGES WHILE FACE TRACKING. SEAL IS INDEPENDENT OF DIRECTION OF DIRECTION OF ROTATIONSEAL OCCUPIES LONG SPACE. AXIAL SPACE IN STUFFING BOXES NEED TO BE CONSIDERED, WHILE DESIGNING THE SEAL.

E01 SEAL

NON-PUSHERTYPE

SEALS

O-ring must move axially

Design Features• Secondary Sealing Element

– Pusher Seal

Pusher versus Bellows seal

Bellows seal

No shaft or sleeve wear

Pressure Balanced

Low heat generation

Low face wearNon-clogging feature

One piece-ease to fit

Even face load

No flush

Low power consumption

TYPE 560 SEALTYPE 560 SEAL

SEAL FACE

FRICTION RING

SHELL

BANDSPRING

SPRINGHOLDER

Arrangements• Single

– Inside Mounted– Outside Mounted

• Dual– Pressurised– Non-Pressurised

Arrangements• Single

– Inside Mounted

Arrangements• Single

– Outside Mounted

Classical “Tandem”

Process seal Backup seal

Process seal Barrier fluid seal

Classical “Double”

Dual Seal Arrangements

Double to back seal

Inboard seal

Media

Flow control valve

Pressure gaugeBarrier fluid

Outboard seal

Pressure control valve

TANDEM SEALSTANDEM SEALS

API PLANS

API Circulation Systems

Seals generate heat and require lubrication while face sealing. These systems are used to dissipate this generated heat and cool the seal faces thus extending the seal life

FLUSHING

PROVIDES LUBRICATION.

REMOVES HEAT GENERATED BETWEEN RUBBING FACES.

INCREASES MARGIN BETWEEN VAPOUR PRESSURE AND STUFFING

BOX PRESSURE.

KEEPS LIQUID INSIDE STUFFING BOX IN CONSTANT CIRCULATION. IN CASE OF EXTERNAL FLUID FLUSHING - FLUSHING DOES NOT ALLOW ABRASIVES TO REACH SEAL FACES.

QUENCHING

KEEPS ATMOSPHERE AWAY TOXIC FLUIDS

CRYSTALLIZING PRODUCTS

CRYOGENIC APPLICATIONS

HIGH FREEZING POINT FLUIDS

HIGH TEMP. FLUIDS WHICH DECOMPOSE IN CONTACT WITH ATMOSPHERE

FLUID HAS A TENDENCY TO BECOME VISCOUS IN CONTACT WITH THE ATMOSPHERE

ADDITIONAL ADVANTAGES

PROVIDES HEATING / COOLING TO SEAL FACES.

KEEPS AREA OUTSIDE SEALS CLEAN

SEAL SELECTION

SELECTION & SPECIFICATIONS

Once it is decided to give Mechanical seal following points must be checked to confirm design I) Chemical and Physical properties of fluid

to be sealedFor example:$ Gas or Liquid,$ Corrosive or non-Corrosive$ Viscosity$

Ability to lubricate under Boundary conditions$ Boiling point or Vapor pressure

SELECTION & SPECIFICATIONSII) The physical operation conditions :

For example:

$ Pressure differential to be sealed$ Temperature of environment or system$ Speed$ Fluctuations of temperature or pressure

$ Mechanical vibration, thermal expansionunder pressure of housings

$ Presence of abrasive material

$ Cleaning or sterilization at other operating conditions

$ Period out of use.

A) Media (corrosive, abrasive/crystallizing, hazardous etc.)

B) Pressure

C) Speed

D) Temp

Duty parameters for selecting amechanical seal are :

MEDIA

Corrosive – Material Of construction Crystallizing – Heating Dirty – Suitable Plan – Hard Faces Hazardous – Dual or Tandem Seal

PRESSURE

Unbalanced Seal – Up to 10 BAR Balanced Seal – Vacuum to 35 barHigher pressure – Special seal.

Suction pressure – ????Vapour Pressure – ????

SPEED

FOR MORE THAN 3000 RPM STATIONERY

SEALS ARE REQUIRED .

REASONS

AVOID FLYING OFF THE SPRINGS

FACES WITH HIGHER PV VALUE REQUIRED

TEMPERATURE

Selection of Elastomer

Selection of Flush Plan

Selection of Cooling Plan

Quench Requirement

SEAL CODE

1

Type

2

Arrangement.

3

Aux.

Device

4

Packing

5

Faces

B= Balanced

S= Single T F= Viton N= C/Sic

OR OR OR G= PTFE M = TC/Sic

U= Unbalance

d

T= Tandem

P R= Grafoil X = As Specified

OR OR E= EPDM

D A I = kALREZ

Sealing systemsSealing systemsMechanical sealsMechanical seals

Our products areOur products are

ApplicationsApplications

Refining & PetrochemicalPetrochemical ChemicalChemical PowerPower

Pulp & Paper MunicipalMunicipal water supply PharmaceuticalPharmaceutical

& many others& many others

Standard Product Range

– Pusher Designs

• Multi Spring Pusher Seals

Type P ( 01 to 04, 11 t0 14, 21 to 24, 31)

• Single Coil Spring

Type E (01 to 04, 11 to 14 )

• Specialty Pusher Designs

Type L (01,02, 04 to 07, LA 200, LB500 )

EK 700, EK 777

MA 250/251, MA 290/291, MD 250/251

API 682 seals API 682 seals

Seal sizes developed by EPILSeal sizes developed by EPIL

Type A Arrangement 1 & 2Type A Arrangement 1 & 2Sizes 40, 45, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 115, 125, 135 mmSizes 40, 45, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 115, 125, 135 mm

Type C Arrangement 1 & 2Type C Arrangement 1 & 2

Sizes 50/57, 6067, 73/76, 83/89, 93/101, 108/111, 113/120, Sizes 50/57, 6067, 73/76, 83/89, 93/101, 108/111, 113/120, 127/139 mm127/139 mm

LL9, LY9SA sealsLL9, LY9SA seals

Fully qualified API 682 seals Type A & Type BFully qualified API 682 seals Type A & Type B

API TYPE A SEALS

API TYPE B SEALS

LY9TC sealsLY9TC seals

Fully qualified API 682 seals Type CFully qualified API 682 seals Type C

API TYPE C SEALS

Standard Product Range

Non Pusher

– Rubber Bellows Seals • 790, 520, 560, EA111

– Teflon Bellows Seals - Y29

– Metal Bellows Seals

• Titanium Bellows Seals - Y 12

• AM350 Bellows Seals - Y 13

• Hastelloy Bellows Seals - Y 17

• Alloy 20 Bellows - Y 18

• Inconel 625 Bellows Seals - Y37/38

• Inconel 718 Bellows Seals - Y 14

Seals for Mixing solutions Seals for Mixing solutions

High pressure Seals for PTA MixersSeal size L9 (Spl.) RB 0285mm

/ L9 (Spl.) RB 0285mm

ParametersMedia: Acetic acid + PTA Temperature: 2150CSpeed: 65 rpmPressure: 21.4 bar

Metal bellows stationary sealFor Lawrence pumps

ParametersMedia: Hydrocarbon with

fine catalystTemperature: 360 to 4000C.Speed: 1071 rpmPressure: 9.5 bar

Single Seal with Plan 32, 62

Double Tandem Seal with Plan 32, 52, 62

HIGH END SEALS

Y11 GX sealY11 GX seal

Non contact dry running gas sealNon contact dry running gas sealfor pumpsfor pumpsIn hose testing carried outFor 4 sizes Working satisfactorily at Gas Authority of India Ltd

Performance capability Media: Flashing HydrocarbonTemperature: “1500C” max.Speed: 3600 rpmPressure: 20 bar max.

1000 PPM by volume (measured by EPA method 21) for the outboard seal with a containment seal chamber pressure not more than 1.75 bar gauge, i.e. The maximum flare back pressureY11GX meets these limits & hence it also complies to API 682 2nd edition emission norms

Y 11 GX