seal basic 4
TRANSCRIPT
Mechanical SealsGeneral Purpose Mechanical Seals
-For Automotive Water Pumps-For Automotive Air Conditioning Compressors-For Turbochargers-For Refrigerator Compressors-For Home Appliances-For Truck Rollers
Industrial Mechanical Seals-For Chemical Process Pumps -For High Speed Rotating Equipment's
Rubber Materials-Kalrez
Sealing Face materials-Ceramics-Metal- C arbon
Special Mechanical Seals-Circumferential Segment Seal-Non-Contact Seal-Piston Ring Seals
Metal Gaskets-C -Seals-E -Seals Marine Products
-Stern Tube Seals-Stern Tube Bearings Metal Bellows
-Welded Metal Bellows-Bellows Devices-Precision Bellows ( Hydroformed Bellows/Electro Deposit Bellows)
Couplings and Bearing-Diaphragm Couplings-Flexure Pivot Tiling Pad Bearing
Special Valves-Welded Metal Bellows Valves-Others
Large Valves for Nuclear
Power Plants-For Automotive Air Conditioning Compressors
Lip Type SealsSelf-Acting Gas Seals NF9
Main Products
Automotive Industry-seal & valves
Water Pump Mechanical Seals
More than 70 % shares in the world market.
Reed Valves
60% shares in the world market.
Automotive-Air Compressor Seal & Control Valve
Control Valves for Air Compressor
Lip Type Seals for Air Compressor
Over 75% shares in the world market
Hot oil testing equipment
Propane testing equipment
API Complied Long Life Mechanical Seal
Gas Seal
Bi-directional Self-Acting Gas Seal Diaphragm coupling
NF9
Diaphragm Coupling
Marine Aerospace
We assure products with extensive testing equipment
Gas seal testing machine
High pressure and High speed Seal testing machine
Slurry seal testing machine
Agitator Seal testing machine
Rigorous testing of our API seals at EKK Japan
Qualification testing
Hot oil testing equipment Propane testing equipment
OUR API 682 FIRST EDITION QUALIFIED SEALS COMPLY TO THE SECOND EDITION QUALIFICATION ALSO
API 682 CERTIFICATE
Basics of Mechanical seals
LEAKED FLUID
GLAND PACKING ARRANGEMENT
Advantages v/s disadvantages of Gland Packing
Only Advantage
Low cost alternative
Disadvantages ??? Many …...
•Loss of product
• A potential source of pollution!!!
•Asbestos is banned in all developed countries!!
•More friction leading to more heat generation, less efficiency
•Less bearing life due to entry of water in bearings
•Higher maintenance cost
•More down time
•More Power Consumption
Is there any other solution ?
Yes!!! Somebody said ….Mechanical seals!!
IT IS A DEVICE THAT PREVENTS /
RESTRICTS UN- DESIRABLE FLOW OF FLUID
IN THE ROTATING EQUIPMENT FROM HIGH
CHAMBER PRESSURE TO LOWER SIDE.
It consists of precise machining
parts and seals mechanically.
And that is why it is called a
“Mechanical seal”.
What is a Mechanical Seal
How does it function ???
GlandPump stuffing box
Media
Seal Ring Mating Ring
Almost no leakage
How does it look ???
Seal ring packing
MR packingGland gasket
Faces
BASIC SEAL WORKS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF :
THIN LIQUID FILM BETWEEN A ROTARY AND STATIONARY FACE. ONE SOFT FACE AND ONE HARD FACE ROTATING AGAINST EACH OTHER.
NO INTERRUPTION IN LIQUID FILM.
NO GAS PHASE TO PREVENT FACE CONTACT.
NO SOLID PARTICLES TO DAMAGE SEAL FACE.
PRINCIPAL OF SEALING
Component of Mechanical SealEx.Component of BA640(Bellows Ace)...
Sliding Face Ring
(Mating Ring)
Sliding Face Ring
(Seal Ring)
Packing ・ Spring Component ・Driving Component(Metal Bellows)
Packing
(O-Ring)
Packing
(O-Ring)
Driving component
(Set Screw)
Key point of Mechanical Seal ~ Sliding Face ~
Carbon(Material) etc.
Sic,WC etc.
Fluid
Atmosphere
Gap (0.5 ~2.5μm)
Expand
Key point of Mechanical Seal ~ Sliding Face ~If the gap of the Sliding If the gap of the Sliding
faces...faces...Too wide
Big leakageToo
narrowSeizure & damage the Sliding faceProper (0.5 ~
2.5μm)High performance & Long life
For making the gap of the Sliding Faces For making the gap of the Sliding Faces proper...proper...•To finish the flatness and the roughness of the Sliding Faces super precisely.
•To add the suitable and flat pressure to the Sliding Face.
•To assemble accuracy.
Classification
• Balance Ratio - Balanced / Unbalanced
• Mounting method - Inside / Outside
• Flexible elements - Springs / Bellows
• Rotation - Springs rotating/stationary
• Arrangements - Single / Dual
SEAL CATEGORIES
• O ring seals• Wedge seals
• More material options• Higher Pressures• Easier to manufacture
• Metal Bellows
• Rubber Bellows
• PTFE Bellows
• No ‘hang up’
• Better leakage rates
• Better abrasive handling
• More tolerant to misalignments
PUSHER SEALS(NON BELLOWS)
NON PUSHER SEALS(BELLOWS)
Unbalanced seal
Hydraulic Load plus Spring load Close Faces
Area “A” always Greater than Area “B”
Face stress is therefore high High Temperature
High face wear
Balanced sealSeals need to be Hydraulically balanced, to seal pressures > 10 Bars G
Balanced Diameter
In balanced seal Hydraulic load through Area “A” isis spread over Larger area “B”.
The resultant stress is lower than Unbalanced seal
Design Features
• Springs
– Provide The Initial Closing Force
– Are Very Important At Low Pressures
– Are Not So Important At High Pressures
Design Features
• Springs– For High Speed Seals Use Stationary Springs
(25m/s Typical Break Point)
FLEXIBILITY
`O’ RING
`V’ PACK
PTFE WEDGE
RUBBER BELLOWS
PTFE BELLOWS
METAL BELLOWS
PUSHER TYPE
SEALS
SINGLE PUSHER SEALSINGLE PUSHER SEAL
SINGLE COIL SPRING SEALS
LONG PITCH BETWEEN COILS AVOIDS CLOGGING OF SPRINGS, IN SLURRY APPLICATION. SINGLE COIL SPRING IS STURDY TO KEEP FACES IN CONTACT TONGUE & GROOVE DRIVE IS STRONG DRIVE TO AVOID SLIPPAGES WHILE FACE TRACKING. SEAL IS INDEPENDENT OF DIRECTION OF DIRECTION OF ROTATIONSEAL OCCUPIES LONG SPACE. AXIAL SPACE IN STUFFING BOXES NEED TO BE CONSIDERED, WHILE DESIGNING THE SEAL.
E01 SEAL
NON-PUSHERTYPE
SEALS
O-ring must move axially
Design Features• Secondary Sealing Element
– Pusher Seal
Pusher versus Bellows seal
Bellows seal
No shaft or sleeve wear
Pressure Balanced
Low heat generation
Low face wearNon-clogging feature
One piece-ease to fit
Even face load
No flush
Low power consumption
TYPE 560 SEALTYPE 560 SEAL
SEAL FACE
FRICTION RING
SHELL
BANDSPRING
SPRINGHOLDER
Arrangements• Single
– Inside Mounted– Outside Mounted
• Dual– Pressurised– Non-Pressurised
Arrangements• Single
– Inside Mounted
Arrangements• Single
– Outside Mounted
Classical “Tandem”
Process seal Backup seal
Process seal Barrier fluid seal
Classical “Double”
Dual Seal Arrangements
Double to back seal
Inboard seal
Media
Flow control valve
Pressure gaugeBarrier fluid
Outboard seal
Pressure control valve
TANDEM SEALSTANDEM SEALS
API PLANS
API Circulation Systems
Seals generate heat and require lubrication while face sealing. These systems are used to dissipate this generated heat and cool the seal faces thus extending the seal life
FLUSHING
PROVIDES LUBRICATION.
REMOVES HEAT GENERATED BETWEEN RUBBING FACES.
INCREASES MARGIN BETWEEN VAPOUR PRESSURE AND STUFFING
BOX PRESSURE.
KEEPS LIQUID INSIDE STUFFING BOX IN CONSTANT CIRCULATION. IN CASE OF EXTERNAL FLUID FLUSHING - FLUSHING DOES NOT ALLOW ABRASIVES TO REACH SEAL FACES.
QUENCHING
KEEPS ATMOSPHERE AWAY TOXIC FLUIDS
CRYSTALLIZING PRODUCTS
CRYOGENIC APPLICATIONS
HIGH FREEZING POINT FLUIDS
HIGH TEMP. FLUIDS WHICH DECOMPOSE IN CONTACT WITH ATMOSPHERE
FLUID HAS A TENDENCY TO BECOME VISCOUS IN CONTACT WITH THE ATMOSPHERE
ADDITIONAL ADVANTAGES
PROVIDES HEATING / COOLING TO SEAL FACES.
KEEPS AREA OUTSIDE SEALS CLEAN
SEAL SELECTION
SELECTION & SPECIFICATIONS
Once it is decided to give Mechanical seal following points must be checked to confirm design I) Chemical and Physical properties of fluid
to be sealedFor example:$ Gas or Liquid,$ Corrosive or non-Corrosive$ Viscosity$
Ability to lubricate under Boundary conditions$ Boiling point or Vapor pressure
SELECTION & SPECIFICATIONSII) The physical operation conditions :
For example:
$ Pressure differential to be sealed$ Temperature of environment or system$ Speed$ Fluctuations of temperature or pressure
$ Mechanical vibration, thermal expansionunder pressure of housings
$ Presence of abrasive material
$ Cleaning or sterilization at other operating conditions
$ Period out of use.
A) Media (corrosive, abrasive/crystallizing, hazardous etc.)
B) Pressure
C) Speed
D) Temp
Duty parameters for selecting amechanical seal are :
MEDIA
Corrosive – Material Of construction Crystallizing – Heating Dirty – Suitable Plan – Hard Faces Hazardous – Dual or Tandem Seal
PRESSURE
Unbalanced Seal – Up to 10 BAR Balanced Seal – Vacuum to 35 barHigher pressure – Special seal.
Suction pressure – ????Vapour Pressure – ????
SPEED
FOR MORE THAN 3000 RPM STATIONERY
SEALS ARE REQUIRED .
REASONS
AVOID FLYING OFF THE SPRINGS
FACES WITH HIGHER PV VALUE REQUIRED
TEMPERATURE
Selection of Elastomer
Selection of Flush Plan
Selection of Cooling Plan
Quench Requirement
SEAL CODE
1
Type
2
Arrangement.
3
Aux.
Device
4
Packing
5
Faces
B= Balanced
S= Single T F= Viton N= C/Sic
OR OR OR G= PTFE M = TC/Sic
U= Unbalance
d
T= Tandem
P R= Grafoil X = As Specified
OR OR E= EPDM
D A I = kALREZ
Sealing systemsSealing systemsMechanical sealsMechanical seals
Our products areOur products are
ApplicationsApplications
Refining & PetrochemicalPetrochemical ChemicalChemical PowerPower
Pulp & Paper MunicipalMunicipal water supply PharmaceuticalPharmaceutical
& many others& many others
Standard Product Range
– Pusher Designs
• Multi Spring Pusher Seals
Type P ( 01 to 04, 11 t0 14, 21 to 24, 31)
• Single Coil Spring
Type E (01 to 04, 11 to 14 )
• Specialty Pusher Designs
Type L (01,02, 04 to 07, LA 200, LB500 )
EK 700, EK 777
MA 250/251, MA 290/291, MD 250/251
API 682 seals API 682 seals
Seal sizes developed by EPILSeal sizes developed by EPIL
Type A Arrangement 1 & 2Type A Arrangement 1 & 2Sizes 40, 45, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 115, 125, 135 mmSizes 40, 45, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 115, 125, 135 mm
Type C Arrangement 1 & 2Type C Arrangement 1 & 2
Sizes 50/57, 6067, 73/76, 83/89, 93/101, 108/111, 113/120, Sizes 50/57, 6067, 73/76, 83/89, 93/101, 108/111, 113/120, 127/139 mm127/139 mm
LL9, LY9SA sealsLL9, LY9SA seals
Fully qualified API 682 seals Type A & Type BFully qualified API 682 seals Type A & Type B
API TYPE A SEALS
API TYPE B SEALS
LY9TC sealsLY9TC seals
Fully qualified API 682 seals Type CFully qualified API 682 seals Type C
API TYPE C SEALS
Standard Product Range
Non Pusher
– Rubber Bellows Seals • 790, 520, 560, EA111
– Teflon Bellows Seals - Y29
– Metal Bellows Seals
• Titanium Bellows Seals - Y 12
• AM350 Bellows Seals - Y 13
• Hastelloy Bellows Seals - Y 17
• Alloy 20 Bellows - Y 18
• Inconel 625 Bellows Seals - Y37/38
• Inconel 718 Bellows Seals - Y 14
Seals for Mixing solutions Seals for Mixing solutions
High pressure Seals for PTA MixersSeal size L9 (Spl.) RB 0285mm
/ L9 (Spl.) RB 0285mm
ParametersMedia: Acetic acid + PTA Temperature: 2150CSpeed: 65 rpmPressure: 21.4 bar
Metal bellows stationary sealFor Lawrence pumps
ParametersMedia: Hydrocarbon with
fine catalystTemperature: 360 to 4000C.Speed: 1071 rpmPressure: 9.5 bar
Single Seal with Plan 32, 62
Double Tandem Seal with Plan 32, 52, 62
HIGH END SEALS
Y11 GX sealY11 GX seal
Non contact dry running gas sealNon contact dry running gas sealfor pumpsfor pumpsIn hose testing carried outFor 4 sizes Working satisfactorily at Gas Authority of India Ltd
Performance capability Media: Flashing HydrocarbonTemperature: “1500C” max.Speed: 3600 rpmPressure: 20 bar max.
1000 PPM by volume (measured by EPA method 21) for the outboard seal with a containment seal chamber pressure not more than 1.75 bar gauge, i.e. The maximum flare back pressureY11GX meets these limits & hence it also complies to API 682 2nd edition emission norms
Y 11 GX